Research Programming Research Articles

Research in Social Sciences and Digital Volunteering in Light of the Corona Pandemic. “Digital volunteer social work as a model”

Digital or electronic volunteering has become one of the basic tools that society institutions in general and social sciences institutions relied on in light of crises and the spread of epidemics, especially after the spread of the repercussions of the Corona pandemic crisis worldwide, as this greatly affected research in all different sciences, particularly in Social sciences as it became with the process of digital transformation and dependence in educational and social institutions in various sectors on distance education. As a result, different platforms and websites and social networking sites have appeared which provide these services and voluntary programs for researchers, practitioners, students and also for academics that the researcher is going to present in this research chapter throughout defining the nature of research in social sciences and digital volunteering in light of the Corona pandemic. It also going to present some of the most important experiences of digital voluntary social work, whether at the local level (Egypt) and the Arab level. Keywords: Research in social sciences, digital volunteering in light of the Corona pandemic, digital voluntary social work.

Learning in Networks: An Experiment on Large Networks with Real-World Features

Subjects observe a private signal and make an initial guess; they then observe their neighbors’ guesses, update their own guess, and so forth. We study learning dynamics in three large-scale networks capturing features of real-world social networks: Erdös–Rényi, Stochastic Block (reflecting network homophily), and Royal Family (that accommodates both highly connected celebrities and local interactions). We find that the Royal Family network is more likely to sustain incorrect consensus and that the Stochastic Block network is more likely to persist with diverse beliefs. These patterns are consistent with the predictions of DeGroot updating. It lends support to the notion that the use of simple heuristics in information aggregation is prevalent in large and complex networks. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: The authors thank the Keynes Fund (University of Cambridge), the Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program (Seoul National University), and C-BID (NYUAD) for financial support. Supplemental Material: The data files and e-companion are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4680 .

PyRERT: Python Research Environment for Radiation Therapy

The Python research environment for radiation therapy (PyRERT) is a set of business software for hospital physicists to conduct radiation therapy research. Choose the open source Enthought Tool Suite（ETS） as the core external dependency library of PyRERT. PyRERT is divided into base layer, content layer and interaction layer, and each layer is composed of different functional modules. PyRERT V1.0 provide a good development environment for scientific research programming in DICOM RT file processing, batch processing of water tank scan data, digital phantom creation, 3D medical image volume visualization, virtual radiotherapy equipment driver, and film scan image analysis. PyRERT enables the results of the research group to be iteratively inherited in the form of software. It's reusable basic classes and functional modules greatly improve the efficiency of scientific research task programming.

Randomized controlled trial of a group peer mentoring model for U.S. academic medicine research faculty.

Midcareer is a critical transition point for biomedical research faculty and a common dropout point from an NIH-funded career. We report a study to assess the efficacy of a group peer mentoring program for diverse biomedical researchers in academic medicine, seeking to improve vitality, career advancement, and cross-cultural competence. We conducted a stratified randomized controlled trial with a waitlist control group involving 40 purposefully diverse early midcareer research faculty from 16 states who had a first-time NIH R01 (or equivalent) award, a K training grant, or a similar major grant. The yearlong intervention (2 to 3 days quarterly) consisted of facilitated, structured, group peer mentoring. Main study aims were to enhance faculty vitality, self-efficacy in achieving research success, career advancement, mentoring others, and cultural awareness and appreciation of diversity in the workplace. Compared to the control group, the intervention group's increased vitality did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.20), but perceived change in vitality was 1.47 standard deviations higher (D = 1.47, P = 0.03). Self-efficacy for career advancement was higher in the intervention group (D = 0.41, P = 0.05) as was self-efficacy for research (D = 0.57, P = 0.02). The intervention group also valued diversity higher (D = 0.46, P = 0.02), had higher cognitive empathy (D = 0.85, P = 0.03), higher anti-sexism/racism skills (D = 0.71, P = 0.01), and higher self-efficacy in mentoring others (D = 1.14, P = 0.007). The mentoring intervention resulted in meaningful change in important dimensions and skills among a national sample of diverse early midcareer biomedical faculty. This mentoring program holds promise for addressing the urgencies of sustaining faculty vitality and cross-cultural competence.

Let’s Dance a Little Bit: Preliminary Considerations about Effects of Dance in Advertising Videos

While dance scenes are ubiquitous in advertising videos, advertising research has largely ignored this topic. To date, there are no experimental studies on effects of dance in advertising contexts. In the first part of this paper, we use a phenomenon-based approach and begin research by providing a systematic overview of the use of dance in ad videos. The resulting dance-response model structures videos with dance according to marketing objectives. It is based on the dance-aslanguage approach and explains why and how dance can convey information about product benefits, targeted audiences, brand image components, and partnerships. In addition, the dance-as-pleasure approach is used to explain why dance can also influence the likeability of the ad video through feelings of being entertained and aesthetic responses in the viewer. Due to the large number of model components, it is not our goal to empirically test the entire model. However, the model can provide insights for practitioners about the wealth of possibilities to use dance in advertising. We also propose the model as a research program for other researchers and use it to derive a sub-model for our own empirical experimental research, i.e., what factors we need to control when varying others. In the second part of this paper, we use our model as a theory, i.e., we use a theory-driven approach, and present results of a preliminary experiment in which we focused on testing the effects of dance on feelings of being entertained, aesthetic responses, and perceptions of brand innovativeness. We show that dance in ad videos influences brand attitude through all these factors.

Developing a Translational Team Training Program using the Wisconsin Interventions in Team Science Framework.

The Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program supports a national network of medical research institutions working to improve the translational process. High-performing translational teams (TTs) are critical for advancing evidence-based approaches that improve human health. When focused on content-appropriate knowledge, skills, and attitudes, targeted training results in the substantial internalization of training content, producing new skills that can be applied to improve team outputs, outcomes, and benefits. More rigorous approaches to develop, test, and evaluate interventions are needed, and we used the Wisconsin Interventions in Team Science framework as a model to systematize our efforts. We designed, built, and tested a five-session TT Training Program for translational researchers. The 90-minute sessions were pilot-tested with 47 postdoctoral fellows and evaluated through a structured evaluation plan. Ninety-five percent of post-session survey respondents indicated that the content and skills provided would make them more effective collaborators, and one hundred percent would recommend the sessions to colleagues. Respondents' scores increased from pretest to posttest for most learning outcomes. Refinements from participant feedback are described. This work provides a foundation for the continued evolution of evidence-based training programs in the CTSA environment.

Benefiting Historically Excluded Student Populations Through Targeted Undergraduate Research Programming

Benefiting Historically Excluded Student Populations Through Targeted Undergraduate Research Programming

Clinical trials market: state and prospects, IT segment

The article provides an overview of the development of the global and Ukrainian clinical trials market and indicates that the field of clinical research is very promising and its development correlates with the development of technologies in the world, which in turn are developing quickly and successfully. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that global pharmaceuticals, applying the best clinical research methods, are able to find effective solutions in very short periods of time. The market is stable, because it refers to the protection of human health. According to forecasts, the clinical trials market will grow along with the growth of investments in it. Ukraine has a good medical base with a large infrastructure and a fairly developed IT sector, which makes it promising to open contract research organizations (CROs) in the country, in particular, those specialized in statistical analysis of research and clinical programming. A large number of CROs, including those in Ukraine, cooperate with large sponsors-corporations, which are mostly foreign ones. This helps develop the domestic economic market and provides a high level of income for employees, because the industry is highly specialized and high-tech. The authors offer a basic model of IT project dynamics, which reflects the process of its implementation and allows displaying the dynamics of various indicators (given the total number of project tasks). The object of simulation is a newly established IT firm (startup), and a typical project faced by a statistical CRO is considered. The model can be used for planning short-term or long-term activities of the firm in the field of clinical research. Since the market and the field of clinical research as a whole is developing and growing, starting one’s own CRO with statistical specialization can be considered as a promising business in Ukraine.

Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Dan Menulis Arab Pegon Santri TPQ Al-Hikmah Sekuning Besowo Kepung Kediri

In order to preserve the tradition of writing using Pegon Arabic which is now rarely done, it is necessary to take action, one of which is through the learning of Pegon Arabic writing. Unfortunately, now Pegon's Arabic literacy teaching has weakened. This is evidenced by the facts that the author encountered regarding Pegon's Arabic literacy teaching. The partner of community service activities is TPQ Al-Hikmah, a hamlet of besowo village. Actually, the learning process at TPQ is not only focused on teaching to read the Qur'an but also learning about literacy using the Pegon Arabic script. But in the understanding of the pegon script is still very minimal. with the presence of this pegon arabic material. The research approach used in this study is the PAR ( Participatory Action Research) method. With the researcher program, namely "Improving Arabic Reading and Writing Skills Pegon Santri TPQ Al-Hikmah" on July 26 in Sekuning Hamlet, Besowo Village, Kepung District, Kediri Regency, more or less added changes to the students of volume 4 who have received material about Arabic pegon, students have been able to distinguish which letters can be merged and which cannot be combined. We convey this on some of the data we obtained after this program was implemented. Students who previously did not really understand the Arabic letter pegon that can be merged and those who cannot be merged become more familiar with the existence of this Arabic pegon material

A Roadmap to Large-Scale Multi-Country Replications in Psychology

Classic findings from psychology and the behavioural sciences are increasingly being revisited. Methodological and technological advances provide opportunities to replicate studies across a wide range of countries and settings to investigate whether these findings are universally applicable, limited to specific countries, or vary in magnitude depending on settings. Researchers from around the world connect to revisit such findings collaboratively, adapt the original design to the Zeitgeist, integrate new knowledge to improve statistical analyses, and broaden the scope by testing effects globally – or at least in as many countries, as budget and feasibility allow. We currently observe multiple international consortia conducting large-scale multi-country replications. How do such collaborations form and how do they approach these complex investigations? This paper brings together researchers from different initiatives that conduct replications on an international scale to outline approaches and summarises what we have learned in applying them: Junior Researcher Programme (JRP), Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA), ManyBabies, Collaborative Open-science REsearch (CORE), and International Study of Metanorms (ISMN). We describe different ways for study selection, methodological approaches, statistical analyses, ethical issues, and most importantly, how the different collaborations formed and how team communication worked. We look in detail at challenges of including typically underrepresented countries in psychological science, not only in terms of data collection but also in making it possible for local researchers to contribute. This paper provides a structured insight into how different collaborations work and issues to consider for anyone who seeks to conduct a multi-country replication in psychology, or looking for additional perspectives to their existing plan. We close the article with a checklist built as a helpful tool for colleagues putting together their study protocols for such efforts – and invite them to collaboratively expand it in the future.

Stock Price Prediction of Apple Based on SVM and KNN

Stock price prediction using machine learning has always been an enigmatic program for many researchers. Different models suit different circumstances, even though they are all after the same result. In addition, stock prices appear to be no upper or lower bound on how values can rise or fall. Therefore, studying stock price prediction can be very important to shareholders or investors. However, one of the research significances of this essay is about understanding more about machine learning in python while knowing how to use this knowledge of machine learning flexibly for a specific circumstance. Also, successfully using all the data from seven days ago to predict the rise and fall of the eighth day to help eliminate the hesitation of purchasing is another significant meaning for this study. For this research, logistic regression, KNN (K- Nearest Neighbors), and SVM (support vector machine) are selected to compare their advantages and disadvantages in this project. Three models are individually evaluated in this essay, by observing the accuracy value, which is the percentage of test examples that were properly categorized relative to all test instances, and the classification of predicting the rise and fall of stocks. Combining all the considerations, the result shows that the accuracy of the SVM model is higher than the other two models. Additionally, python, which is a superior code language for machine learning, has been chosen for this project.

Assessment of the Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (IRDL): Impact on the Research Productivity and Careers of Academic Librarians

Objective – This article reports the survey findings from a mixed-methods assessment of the six-year Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (IRDL). The Institute for Museum and Library Services (IMLS) provided funding for IRDL from 2014-2019; during this time, 124 academic and research librarians participated in a year-long continuing education program for novice researchers. This article assesses the effectiveness of IRDL in meeting short-term and long-term goals related to research productivity, job performance, and identity as a researcher. Beyond the assessment of IRDL itself, the study addresses the implications of IRDL for creating effective research continuing education programs and institutional support for librarian research. Methods – In the first part of a two-phase study, we surveyed all 124 librarians who completed the in-person summer research workshop and year-long online follow-up program. The lead researcher invited those who completed the survey to participate in the study's second phase, a focus group or an in-depth interview. Results – Eighty-nine participants responded to the survey, for a 72% response rate. The results show that IRDL was successful in helping a majority of participants complete their IRDL project and conduct new research. Participants reported work-related benefits of participating in the program, including tenure, rank promotion, merit-based salary increases, and new employment opportunities. IRDL contributed to developing personal learning networks, research collaborations, and a sense of identity as a researcher. IRDL increased the research confidence of the participants by providing them with research methods instruction, coupled with an opportunity to practice what they have learned during a year-long support program. Conclusion – This assessment study confirms that IRDL is an effective program for novice librarian-researchers who want to improve their research skills, develop new research relationships among their peers, and advance in their careers. It also provides insight into the conditions for a successful continuing education and research support program. Many librarians experience anxiety about conducting and disseminating their research; IRDL demonstrates the importance of placing novice researchers in a supportive environment, where research is viewed as a positive experience that is directly related to professional success. These experiences lead to increased confidence and identity as a researcher, which contributes to increased research productivity.

Clinical Application of a Peer Coaching Intervention to Enhance Self-Management for Adolescents and Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The purpose of this article is to characterize the current evidence base related to peer support interventions for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to describe a peer support program to enhance self-management for AYAs with IBD through a case study. There is strong theory and compelling evidence suggesting that AYAs with IBD could benefit from and are interested in receiving peer support to enhance self-management; however, literature on peer support interventions for AYAs with IBD is lacking. This study (a) presents a topical review describing qualitative factors AYAs with IBD would seek in a peer support program as well as existing peer support programs for this population, (b) presents an innovative one-to-one peer support program targeting self-management through a case study, and (c) discusses clinical implications and directions for future research. Peer support offers a promising approach for AYAs with IBD that is feasible and acceptable to patient populations. However, results from the present topical review identified only two studies that examined peer support interventions for AYAs with IBD. The case study demonstrates how a theoretically driven program uses peer support to promote self-management and adaptive behavioral change. The paucity of literature in this area reveals a critical opportunity for future research and clinical programming to improve existing practices by leveraging peer support. We present the application of an innovative mobile-based peer coaching intervention that has the potential to support AYAs with IBD in their self-management.

APA/APAGS Award for Distinguished Graduate Student in Professional Psychology: Pearis L. Bellamy.

The APA/APAGS Award for Distinguished Graduate Student in Professional Psychology is awarded annually by the APA Board of Professional Affairs (BPA) and the American Psychological Association of Graduate Students (APAGS) to a graduate student who has demonstrated outstanding practice and application of psychology. A 2022 award winner is Pearis L. Bellamy. Bellamy is a doctoral student in the Counseling Psychology program at the University of Florida. In this role, she has conducted research and completed multiple practicum/externship experiences where she has developed and evaluated programs and created healing spaces for underserved populations and survivors of trauma. She has also been active in advocacy on behalf of underserved populations where she organizes others to make actionable change in understanding their privilege and power and in using this education, training, and awareness building to fight racism. Ms. Bellamy's clinical work, scholarly research, and professional interests include culturally mindful clinical interventions and community-based research and prevention programming for survivors of intimate partner violence, sexual assault, and racism with a focus on the Black community. Her professional contributions reflect numerous examples of how she provides healing spaces for underrepresented groups to connect, share experiences, and challenge and resist oppressive systems. For these and other impactful efforts, we believe that Ms. Bellamy is well-deserving of this distinguished award and recognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Challenges in the execution of public health research: Reflections from Public Health Research Initiative (PHRI) grant management in India.

Well-planned health research is fundamental to the success of any public health system in leading to better population health outcomes. Although the Indian public health system is unique, it lacks strong linkages between research and practice. There is a pressing need to address the gap in the research to reduce the disease burden in the country. Although various efforts are made to enhance public health research, such research is rarely documented as a process. The objective of the present paper is to document issues and challenges in managing public health research grants awarded to the PHRI fellows from 2013-to 2021 under the PHRI project. A mixed-method approach, including qualitative (in-depth) interviews and secondary review, was adopted to collect the challenges in executing PHRI grants (during 2013-2021). The in-depth interviews were conducted among the PHRI execution team, whereas the secondary document review was conducted among the PHRI fellows, and the findings are documented under major themes like administrative, technical, and financial issues and/or challenges. A total of 35 candidates 16 intramural (IM) candidates affiliated with PHFI or IIPH institutes and 19 extramural (EM) candidates affiliated to other academic institutes were selected for the fellowship, The common challenges identified amongst intra & extramural fellows were inability to disseminate the study findings, challenges in communication and getting audited statements, changes in study methods without prior permission, mid study attrition of CO-PIs and high budget utilization. The specific difficulties identified from extramural fellows were change in institute affiliation, lack of support to fund utilization from the parent institute and difficulties in field validation. The present perspective emphasizes that the management and implementation of a research grant is the crucial part of achieving a project's desired outcome. The learnings of PHRI grant execution allows the researchers to understand the issues in terms of methodological rigour and financial guidelines, rigorous tracking of the project activities, and complying with the terms of funding agreement are crucial. The challenges explored in this grant execution recommend developing a structured public health grant management leadership program for researchers and executors.

The Development of Ukrainian Local Monographic Studies in the Context of World Humanities in the First Half of the 20th Century

Monographic studies at the local level (of the street, village, town, district) are gaining popularity in the conditions of deep social transformations in the Ukrainian village. The Ukrainian village of the early 21st century is going through a period of changes. The social and common features and their household specific character have not been formed yet. That’s why the local studies are relevant and effective at this stage. As a result of this fact the study of the experience of previous generations of Ukrainian and European scientists (representatives of various social disciplines and humanities) can be useful in shaping the program and methodological approaches for modern researchers of the Ukrainian countryside. It is emphasized in the article that during the 1920s and 1930s versatile local monographic studies have been conducted independently in various countries (the USA, Poland, Hungary, Romania). Ukrainian ethnologists have faced the urgent problem of studying and understanding the cultural and everyday features of various local groups of population and identifying complex links between them at the regional and national levels. Peculiar attention is paid to the activities of ethnographic centers of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (Ethnographic Commission, Khvedir Vovk Museum (Cabinet) of Anthropology and Ethnology, etc.). These are just its members who have substantiated and used the method of stationary study of the local areas as the leading one in their research work. The permanent method of field ethnography, being the main one in the process of collection and systematization of factual material for monographic study, is analyzed. It is proved that the local monographic studies have become especially popular in the 1920s and 1930s, in the period of social and political changes of a global scale. The local monograph is especially important and effective in the critical periods or after them. Permanent ethnography allows to determine the qualitative characteristics of the object of study, to develop the main parameters of subsequent mass research. The micro-approach program in choosing the object of study and identifying the relationships between different phenomena (nature, economy, culture, etc.), the confidence that the local approach will enable better understanding of the features of such relationships are common for the researchers of the local groups.

Pharmacy resident research programming at a community health system: Challenges, quality improvement, and outcomes

AbstractIntroductionNumerous barriers exist to providing high‐yield pharmacy resident research programming, especially at community health systems where research expertise and resources may be limited.ObjectivesTo describe a feasible educational program structure that other community health system pharmacy residency programs could implement to improve resident research and scholarship skills, and to explore the impact of the programming on indicators of resident preparedness in research activities and system‐wide pharmacist scholarship.MethodsWe pursued a retrospective quality improvement study of a single community health system's experience with implementing and refining a longitudinal pharmacy resident research educational program. The program began at a single site in 2017 and expanded to a system‐wide curriculum that now serves 22 residents annually across five hospitals. Structured as quarterly, system‐level, single‐day workshops, the educational program is designed to supplement and support site‐level rotations through hands‐on learning of high‐yield skillsets. Assessed indicators of program success included resident survey evaluations of perceived program value and resident preparedness, pharmacist performance in the annual enterprise‐wide research competition, and rate of system pharmacist‐authored publications.ResultsA refined pharmacy resident research program is described, including challenges and worked solutions to success. Residents consistently rate the value of the learning experience highly and endorse favorable readiness for future research endeavors after residency (modes of 4‐5 on 5‐point Likert scale). The percentage of pharmacist winners of the annual research competition increased from 9% in 2014 to 100% in 2022. The annual rate of pharmacist‐authored publications increased from 0 to 1 per year before 2014 to 17 in the calendar year 2021.ConclusionCommunity health‐system pharmacy residency programs can provide high‐yield educational programming to equip residents with desired research and scholarship skills through creative and collaborative solutions to identified barriers. Health systems may also realize broader scholarly outputs from pharmacists and preceptors by supporting and lateralizing pharmacy resident research programming.

Women in Antiquity: An Analysis of Gender and Publishing in a Global Archaeology Journal

ABSTRACT Studies of archaeology publishing demonstrate a persistent imbalance in the ratio of male and female authors. We present an analysis of the world archaeology journal Antiquity using submissions and editorial decisions data (2015–2020). We identify a recurrent ratio of one female for every two male authors across measures including all listed authors, solo and first-named authors, and team authorship. Disaggregating author gender by country and region of corresponding author, however, reveals substantial variation, opening a new avenue for understanding of global trends in archaeology publishing. We also assess peer review and editorial decision-making in relation to author gender, finding no evidence of bias and, using the 2020 data, we look for any potential gendered impact of Covid-19, finding solo female authors may have been more affected than those working in teams. We contextualize the results in relation to initiatives to diversify authorship, including capacity-building programs for early career researchers.

Validation of the Black Community Activism Orientation Scale with racially and ethnically diverse college students.

This study fills a methodological gap in racial justice research by assessing the utility and validity of the Black Community Activism Orientation Scale (BCAOS) in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of college-going young adults (N = 624, M = 19.4 years, SD = 1.89) from 10 colleges in the United States. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to estimate the goodness of fit of the proposed three-factor model and assess the validity of the BCAOS. Findings from the confirmatory factor analysis provide statistical support for use of the BCAOS as a measure of racial justice activism in support of Black communities among racially and ethnically diverse college-going young adults. Findings from the study also suggest that White college students and men are less oriented toward racial justice activism than women and racially marginalized students. Convergent and discriminant validity were established through bivariate correlations of the BCAOS factors with other civic development measures. As more and more young people consider the importance of standing against racial oppression, the BCAOS has utility as an assessment instrument in future racial justice research, education, intervention, and youth programming efforts.

Advancing equity and justice through community science programming in design, construction, and research of a nature-based solution: the Duwamish Floating Wetlands Project

Dxwdəw refers to the Black-Green Rivers confluences that made the Duwamish River in Seattle, Washington, USA, prior to the 1910s. Significant industrial activity and human-made diversions to these rivers caused heavy pollution and eliminated 97% of historic wetlands, forever altering the historic river systems, salmon runs and human and aquatic health. Today the Green-Duwamish River and Duwamish Estuary are an industrial and commercial corridor, albeit also a site of cultural significance and fishing rights for urban Indigenous and Coast Salish tribes, and home and workplace to diverse urban populations of sustenance fishers, immigrants and refugees, communities of color, and low-income neighborhoods. Using a socio-ecological and environmental justice perspective within a nature-based solution, the Duwamish Floating Wetlands Project designed and piloted four constructed floating wetland structures for two years on the Duwamish River and researched their feasibility to provide habitat for out-migrating juvenile salmon. A multi-pronged community team (community leaders, liaisons, stewards and scientists) worked alongside academics and professionals. This paper showcases the formulation and adaptation of a two-year citizen/community science program integrated into the project. We outline the frameworks, approach, outcomes, and lessons-learned of the community science and outreach program, and compiled these in a list of guidelines to provide practitioner, researcher and community insight into the value and necessity of prioritizing environmental justice, racial equity, and ecosystem needs in nature-based solutions.