Professionals In Labor Market Research Articles

Assessing the Impact of Digital Economy Programs on Alleviating Skill Shortages in the EU Labor Market for Digital Professionals

Assessing the Impact of Digital Economy Programs on Alleviating Skill Shortages in the EU Labor Market for Digital Professionals

Negotiating entry to the professional labour market among Vietnamese skilled migrants in Australia: The impact of cultural distance

This study investigates the employment transition among Vietnamese skilled migrants in Australia and examines the cultural factors that influence this transition. Employing a qualitative approach, we conducted fifty semi-structured interviews with Vietnamese skilled migrants who migrated to Australia within the last five years and twelve interviews with Australian recruiters to gain further insights into the barriers skilled migrants face. The findings highlighted the cultural challenges encountered by Vietnamese skilled migrants as they moved from Vietnam to Australia, two countries of great cultural distance. Without cultural adaptation support, most skilled migrants had to experience career setbacks before recognising and devising strategies to overcome these hurdles. This study emphasises the need for specialised human resource management (HRM) interventions and strategies that account for the cultural dimensions influencing employment outcomes for this international mobile workforce. Additionally, it calls for future research to expand beyond the examination of skilled migrants’ human and social capital and incorporate various contextual factors in investigating the employment journey of skilled migrants.

The Perception of Basic Education Teachers in Caçador on Sustainability and Human Rights

This article presents a research report applied to basic education teachers of the public network of Caçador- SC regarding the perception, importance, mastery and applicability in the classroom of themes related to sustainability, human rights, Agenda 2030 and Sustainable Development Goals of the UN. Data were collected via online forms that were answered in the Google Forms tool, later the data were compiled and presented in graphs explained and compared based on the educational context of the researched region and Brazil. The research concluded that teachers still have little mastery of the researched topics and emphasize the need for greater appropriation by teachers on these subjects, in view of the growing need and demand in the labor market for professionals who have knowledge in areas from performance to environmental, social and corporate governance. The methodology adopted for data analysis was based on quantitative and qualitative analysis and aimed to understand the contradictions and coherences in the answers given by the teachers.

ЗАСОБИ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНО-ПІЗНАВАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ КУРСУ «ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЗАХИСТУ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ»

Today’s challenges encourage the use of various means of activating the educational and cognitive activity of students of higher education in the teaching process. In order to activate the educational and cognitive activity of students in the field of training 122 Computer Science in the process of teaching the professional discipline “Information Protection Technologies”, it is proposed to: expand the lecture material with modern topics, in particular, the topic “Pentest”; to deepen the tasks of laboratory work with relevant topics, in particular, “Organization of security in a computer network”, “Asymmetric cryptography and electronic digital signature on the example of the GnuPG system”; to use up-todate software and up-to-date versions of this software for the implementation of laboratory tasks. Thanks to consideration of modern topics, implementation of tasks using current software and current versions of this software, examples of practical use, substantiation of the need for study, etc., approaches to activating the educational and cognitive activity of students have been enriched (in particular, prospects for the further development of the professional labor market and financial motivation). It has been established that students are very interested in applied topics and tasks that are as close as possible to practice, to life situations. Since the questions discussed in the article are always relevant, it is possible to continue research on this topic.

The 26th Interantional Conference Linguistics For All

In early March, 2022, Moscow State Pedagogical University hosted the 26th researchto-practice international conference Linguistic for All devoted to language contacts in the modern world. Aiming to provide a venue for young researchers to present their findings and practice their public speaking skills and to advance their access to the world of science, the conference brought together students of schools and universities from across Russia and abroad. Professor Lubkov A.V., Rector of the University, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Education opened the conference by remarking the increased need for communication the world has experienced recently. He encouraged the participants to promote Russian education, culture and language through wider contacts and fruitful work. Professor Tarasov S. V., Rector of Herzen University that was another organizer of the conference, noted that linguistics unites people regardless of their backgrounds and field of study. Drozdova O. Ye., Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the Conference, addressed the importance of personal and professional communication by all means, be it in person or online. The two-day conference began on March 3 with speeches from students and three panel discussion of Professional Communication and Labour Market Competitiveness (hosted by Shcherbakov A. V.), Language and Languages in the World Today (hosted by Dorofeev Yu. V.), and Language Games in Russian: Yesterday, Today, Always (hosted by Belorusec S. M.). The next day Chernyshove Ye. G. welcomed school students who presented their reports before the panel of renowned scholars from Russian and foreign universities. Participants in ten sections of the conference were awarded with diplomas. Another important stage in the work of teachers, university and school student ended, but hopefully next year the 27th conference Linguistics for All will gather those interested in languages again.

PRODUCTIVITY AND WAGES IN THE JAPANESE FOOTBALL LEAGUE

Using matched performance data and annual salary data of Japanese professional footballers, we examine the discrepancy between productivity and wages. We find that high productivity, as measured by effort and skill, contributes to raising the probability of winning matches in the Japanese professional football league, but that players’ effort and skills are not well reflected in their wages, with wages sometimes even having a negative influence on performance. Furthermore, we find that players’ attributes, such as experience, are larger drivers of wage levels than effort or skill level. The evidence suggests a seniority-based pay scale in a professional football league in the sense that reputation and “names” have market value. This discrepancy between productivity and wages suggests that there may exist inefficiency in payroll even in the professional labor market.

Professional intercultural communicative competence and labour market integration among highly-educated refugees in the Netherlands

Abstract In the last decade, thousands of forcibly-displaced people have sought refuge in the Netherlands. Many of them are highly educated, and their integration into the host society’s labour market could improve their own quality of life as well as making a significant contribution to the country’s economy. However, refugees face many challenges in their search for employment. This is the first exploratory study of the role that professional intercultural communicative competence (PICC) plays in highly-educated refugees’ integration in the Dutch labour market. Interviews and focus groups were used to collect data from refugees who had already successfully integrated into the Dutch workforce as well as from newcomers who were still in the process of achieving this. Content analysis was performed on the data, using rounds of deductive and inductive coding and analysis. The findings indicate that the development of PICC (including resilience) plays an important role in helping refugees overcome the challenges they face. The article discusses the implications of the findings – should they generalise – in terms of PICC training offered to refugees themselves (as part of their language courses) and to professionals who work with them, with the aim of facilitating and promoting the refugees’ labour market integration.

Theoretical and methodological background on the economic attributes in the choice of university career

Economic, political and cultural changes show the choice of career as a latent and unfinished process at the conceptual level, given its important regional and gender edges. With the desire to know and segregate from among the investigations that link economics with career choice, the fundamental variables to describe, compare and then relate against attributes outside the combo, a conceptual mapping was elaborated on classic articles in these tasks. Finding that, the studies bifurcan defined not by the topics considered, but by their paradigmatic or disciplinary genesis. Thus, economists expose varied and elegant metrics, although often overestimated, since in their abstraction, the failure of qualification is reduced to a mere matter of cost-benefit. On the other hand, the works emanating from the vocational orientation, include more elements of analysis in the choice of career, but, often, they are questioned as perceptions economic attributes perfectly objectifiable in their instruments. The conclusions of the studies are disparate according to context, in some cases, the socioeconomic status and the professional labor market are neutral in the choice of career and school performance, while other chapters place them above the attitudes, aptitudes and academic preferences of the baccalaureate.

THE ROLE OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES AT THE LEVEL OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT

Nowadays, the role of the majority of professional engineering communities, unfortunately, is devalued in Russia. It does not lead to the required development of engineering activities due to the disunity of individual specialists the lack of motivation to coordinated decision of professional issues, the lack of participation in the general professional labor market, the impossibility of direct communication with leaders in a particular field of knowledge, etc. The number of members in professional society with significant work experience is constantly decreasing. Professional communities that have not been able to build the structure of their work and become interesting for specialists usually disappear or have a formal status. The paper describes the successful world experience of the professional communities existence, considers the basic principles of the activities of such communities as: ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) and BGA (British Geotechnical Association). The success of these communities is evidenced by the fact that ASCE has unified a global community of engineers since 1852, with more than 150,000 members. The BGA has functioned since 1949 with over 60 collective members representing the UK's proponent geotechnical agencies. The advantages of membership in these societies for both professional engineers and students are given, including: rapid career growth supported by the community; active participation in the life of society, based on individual and social benefits; establishing personal contacts and obtaining first-hand information on topics of interest; great benefits or free membership for students; a large amount of events held under the auspices of ASCE and BGA , etc.

The Generalism Advantage: How search firms shape the effect of specialization on employability

I study how labor market intermediaries, such as search firms, shape employment outcomes for candidates with different career profiles in the context of middle management jobs. I suggest and find evidence that in a mediated labor market, generalists, workers whose career history spans multiple job categories, are more likely than specialists, workers whose career history is concentrated in one category, to gain access to the final employer. The generalism advantage is notably strong when generalists prevail in the candidate pool of the vacancy they are being considered for but are simultaneously rare in the professional labor market. This effect is explained by the strategic behavior of a search firm, which has several reasons to promote generalists rather than specialists to an employer. Headhunters may prefer generalists not only because they are a better fit for middle management jobs but also because they are more easily transferable to a new employer and more dependent on headhunters’ mediation. Moreover, preferences towards generalists, especially when they are rare in the market, might be an attempt to cope with competitive pressure. These findings have implications for the literature on labor market intermediaries and the studies of employability and external labor markets.

Transformation of university teachers’ working and employment conditions in the period of distance learning: socio-psychological aspects and risk assessment

The forced transition to distance learning during the pandemic has determined the development of new models of university teachers’ professional activity. The results of the “first wave” show that the community of teachers was not prepared for distance learning not only due to the lack of necessary competencies and skills of working in the online environment but also psychologically. In particular, the psychological unpreparedness of teachers for the transition from traditional formats of interaction to the remote ones, the collapse of the familiar “live” models of communication with students and colleagues turned up to be a major difficulty. Based on the results of research, the key problems of the organization of teachers’ remote work are determined and the socio-psychological consequences of remote employment are revealed. The main groups of risks faced by teachers due to the forced transition to remote employment are also identified. The impact of remote formats on the professional activities of teachers cannot be assessed unequivocally. On the one hand, in the time of remote work, teachers have developed new skills and competencies, mastered innovative online technologies, managed to overcome numerous psychological struggles, etc. On the other hand, teachers are aware that the necessary process of transformation of education will not only substantially change their professional activity but will also lead to the emergence of fundamentally new social roles and models of professional behavior. There is a growing sense of unease and confusion in the teaching community and negative expectations associated with uncertainty in the professional labor market are developing.

Transformation of university teachers’ professional activity during the pandemic

The transition of the educational system to a distance format due to the spread of COVID-19 has led to a transformation in the nature and content of professional activities of university teachers. A wide range of research methods, the results of sociological surveys and interviews, as well as an analysis of text arrays from Internet resources, are used to assess the socio-psychological consequences of remote employment. Drawing a conclusion on their remote employment, teachers note the acquisition of a unique experience consisting not only in the mastery of online educational technologies but also in the implementation of new models of professional interaction with students and colleagues. Teachers associate the perspectives for further transformation of their professional activity with the formation of new combined (multi-format) models of education. At the same time, there forms a system of negative expectations as teachers believe that the launched process of transformation of education will lead to stricter requirements for the teacher as the subjects of educational and labor relations, as well as to the destabilization of the situation in the professional labor market.

THE ROLE OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SOFT SKILLS

The article discusses the role of project-based language teaching in the development of soft skills, which is one of the main requirements of today's labor market for future professionals. The author reveals the potential of specific features of project-based learning in the development of soft skills.

Partnership between science, education and business to train young professionals in the conditions of digitalization

This paper puts forward the problem that it is necessary to train personnel that meet the modern requirements of highly dynamic developing agriculture in the conditions of digitalization of the country in the post-pandemic period. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the fact that the agricultural labor market is experiencing a shortage of young highly qualified specialists with knowledge of IT technologies in digital agriculture. At present, a modern young professional must meet the conjuncture-forming selection criteria in the agricultural labor market and have a risk-oriented thinking. It is necessary to update the structure of the formation of an effective mechanism for training highly qualified personnel on the basis of industry universities in the region. The aim of the research is to analyze the challenges facing the agricultural university in training young professionals for agriculture as a branch of the digital economy of Russia. Objectives: to develop a model for developing partnerships and promoting the employment of young professionals in a post-pandemic economy to develop optimal options for covering the personnel deficit in the agricultural sector; to form practical recommendations for regulating the labor market for young professionals. The solution of these tasks will allow training highly qualified young specialists who have all the necessary competencies and are able to meet the requirements of the modern agricultural labor market.

The working classes and higher education: Meritocratic fallacies of upward mobility in the United Kingdom

AbstractThe uniformly positive view of social mobility in the United Kingdom overlooks the difficulties working‐class young people have in reconciling a working‐class background with the middle‐class environments of the university and the professional labour market. But even more hidden are the subtle processes of exclusion and exclusivity that permeate social life in, particularly, the elite universities. Here, working‐class students' marginalisation in relation to advantageous social activities and networks, compromises their chances of later success in the labour market. This paper scrutinises working‐class students' experiences of elite higher education through the lens of Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, capitals and field. Drawing on a research project on working‐class young people who gain entry to elite universities it analyses the disjunctures between working‐class habitus and the field of elite higher education, focusing on the emotional and social consequences for working‐class students. The findings raise concerns—largely unexplored in existing research—about working‐class reception in elite fields. The paper concludes with a call to look beyond the attitudes and actions of working‐class students to those of their upper‐ and middle‐class peers, and the culture and ethos of the elite universities.

САМОМАРКЕТИНГ В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЯ ВУЗА

The article reveals modern approaches to the definition of selfmarketing. It focuses specifics in implementing the self-marketing strategies in the professional activities of university teachers. Self-marketing is a process of continuous professional development and self-improvement of teachers, formation and promotion of their personal brand. For university teachers the purpose of active self-marketing is an increase in the competitiveness and market value of oneself and ensuring the stability of their positions in the conditions of instability of the professional intra-university and inter-university labor market. Self-marketing is closely related to the selfdevelopment of the teacher and is realized in the objective need to constantly improve knowledge and perfect professional competencies in accordance with the current requirements of educational programs. The article reveals the factors of the internal and external environment that determine the main directions of self-marketing as a competitive strategy of behavior for a university teacher. The practice of using marketing tools in professional promotion and self-development of a teacher is analyzed in three positions: "teacher as a researcher", "teacher as a teacher", "teacher as an expert". The main functions of self-marketing of a university teacher are highlighted: evaluative, information-analytical, corrective, stimulating, image-building. The development and implementation of marketing technologies in professional activities makes it possible to improve the quality of the educational process and ensure more stable positions of teachers in the professional labor market.

Global Market of Highly Qualified Specialist under Pandemic Conditions

The article examines the state of the global market of highly qualified specialists under the pandemic conditions (demand, supply, and the main areas of activity). The author points at an increased importance of such an economic resource as knowledge. In most countries there is a need for qualified, healthy, and entrepreneurial specialists. The labor force began to be evaluated not by quantity, but by quality. The author gives data on “global talent index” how to prepare and keep professionals in the largest countries of the world. This paper pays special attention to entrepreneurial talent that is being encouraged, developed, and has an impact on relative competitiveness of various economies. The author indicates intensive movements of professionals between countries because of intra-firm transitions, common programs because of professional exchange, international movements of scientific personnel. Due to digitalization scientific connections are expanding between countries and effectiveness of cooperation in the online format is increasing. The role of a student mobility is increasing in an international educational exchange as one of the forms of an international migration of highly qualified specialists. The author defines the main travel directions of scientific personnel such as the USA, western European countries, South Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong, Singapore, and others. It is established that during the pandemic restrictive measures have dramatically reduced the inflow of highly qualified specialists to all countries of the world, including Russia. There is an increase in unemployment in Canada, Norway, Spain, Sweden, the USA and in other countries. During this period, an international outsourcing becomes particularly important allowing to penetrate to the professional labor market at closed borders. As a result, start-ups in the form of online exhibitions have appeared. During the pandemic scientists, information technology specialists, engineers, teachers, and doctors have become popular. The author highlights the problems at the labor market occurred in pandemic terms and indicates an increased demand for all kinds of digital projects with the participation of Russian professionals.

Mentorystės reikšmė pradedančiųjų muzikos mokytojų profesinėje veikloje

Pradedantieji muzikos pedagogai pirmaisiais profesinės veiklos metais susiduria su problemomis, kurias galėtų padėti spręsti labiau patyręs pedagogas – mentorius. Mentorystė yra apibrėžiama kaip bendradarbiavimas, paremtas iš anksto sudarytu planu, kuris patenkina asmenybės augimo poreikius. Tai procesas, kuris yra susijęs su patirtiniu mokymusi, formuojant globojamo asmens požiūrį į pedagoginį darbą, atsakomybę ir pareigas. Mentoriaus veikla yra įvairialypė, tad jam reikalingas platus kompetencijų, žinių, vertybių, asmeninių savybių ir gebėjimų spektras. Jo kompetencijos grindžiamos ne tik profesiniais, pedagoginiais, asmeniniais, bet ir vadybiniais, suaugusiųjų mokymo ir konsultavimo bei administravimo gebėjimais.Kokybinio tyrimo metu norėta išsiaiškinti, su kokiais sunkumais ir problemomis susiduria pradedantieji muzikos mokytojai ir kas galėtų padėti jas spręsti, o kartu ir integruotis į profesinę darbo rinką. Tyrimo tikslui pasiekti buvo panaudota mokslinės ir metodinės literatūros analizė, standartizuotas atvirasis interviu. Tyrimas vyko 2020 m. balandžio mėnesį, jame dalyvavo 8 pradedantieji dirbti muzikos pedagogai.Kokybinis tyrimas atskleidė, kad daugelis pradedančiųjų muzikos pedagogų susiduria su adaptacijos laikotarpiu. Adaptacijos laikotarpiu kylančias įvairias profesines problemas – praktinės patirties trūkumą, nepakankamą drausmę klasėje, nedraugišką kolegų požiūrį, neigiamus emocinius išgyvenimus – iš dalies galėtų padėti spręsti skirtas patyręs pedagogas – mentorius. Pradedančiajam muzikos pedagogui labiausiai reikalinga pagalba yra trijose kryptyse: profesinėje (pedagoginėje ir dalykinėje), ugdytinių pažinimo ir aktyvaus ugdymo įstaigos įsitraukimo. Sėkmingai pradedančiųjų muzikos pedagogų profesinei veiklai didžiausią įtaką turi teigiamos mentoriaus savybės, tokios kaip bendravimas ir bendradarbiavimas, motyvacija, pozityvumas, lojalumas bei atsakingumas.

ASIAN EDUCATION FOR THE WORLD LABOR MARKET: A MALAYSIAN SURVEY OF MIGRATION PROPENSITY

The purpose of the study: This research explores issues related to human mobility trend reflecting an increasing outflow of intellectual talents by surveying the migration propensity of future professional labours in Malaysia using small samples from selected universities having different establishment orientation and student compositions. It also surveys factors of their migration intention decisions. Methodology: A quantitative approach utilizing a questionnaire survey distributed to final year students was adopted. A total of 193 usable responses are used in the analysis covering descriptive and mean differences across five identified dimensions of gender, race, academic performance, university type, and education financing. Main Findings: The results indicate that 51% of the respondents have the intention of leaving the country, the majority of whom are private university students, females, Malays, studies funded by education loans, and those from the average group of academic achievement. The low economic reward was ranked first as the main factor in influencing their migration decision. Surprisingly, the worldwide application of accounting-based knowledge plays little role in students’ decision of migrating abroad, signalling students' inability to appreciate the economic consequence of mastering such knowledge and skills. Implications: The research contributes to the public policy debate with respect to education and human mobility by providing a strong basis for a reality check on the sustainability of Malaysia’s future landscape of its professional labour market. It also feeds critical policy inputs for all stakeholders involved, particularly the employers, in providing future Malaysian professionals with a conducive, meaningful, and rewarding career to attract and retain them.

Signaling via earnings downgrades: How reputational concerns shape analyst responses to corporate fraud?

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study examines reactions of financial analysts to the disclosure of corporate fraud. We posit that analysts downgrade earnings forecasts of fraudulent firms after fraud disclosure to signal their quality and integrity. We explore how internal and external contingencies shape analysts' reputational concerns, influence their motivation to signal via earnings downgrades, and consequently affect their responses to corporate fraud.Research Findings/InsightsUsing longitudinal data on Chinese publicly traded firms between 2002 and 2013 and employing a difference‐in‐differences design, this study documents that financial analysts significantly lower their earnings estimates of fraudulent firms after fraud disclosure compared with the control group of non‐fraudulent firms. In addition, post‐disclosure earnings downgrades are larger for more experienced analysts, for analysts following firms with stronger analyst coverage, and after the revision of the professional ethics code for analysts.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis study provides empirical support to signaling theory. We show that earnings downgrades of fraudulent firms may serve as a signal for financial analysts to indicate their quality and integrity. We document that analysts' motivation to signal via earnings downgrades is influenced by their reputational concerns, which are moderated by their career experience, peer pressure, professional norm, and social expectations.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study offers insights to policy makers on how a professional labor market and codes of ethics could serve as disciplinary mechanisms to strengthen the external governance role of financial analysts.