Professional Approach Research Articles

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ОСВІТИ: ВИКЛИКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The article considers pedagogical conditions necessary for the perception of European values in the educational process. The author analyzes the impact of cientifically proven humanistic interactive technologies that train the skills and qualities of a "modern European". Special attention is paid to changes in the professional activity and thinking style of educators. The article examines the components of teachers' readiness to perceive European values: goal-motivational, substantive, operational and integration. The author emphasizes the importance of studying the dynamics of changes in the readiness of educators and the impact of pedagogical measures on their personal and professional growth. The main conditions for training educators on European integration in the vocational education and training system, which contribute to the formation of their readiness to perceive European values and improve the quality of education, are highlighted. The article analyzes the complex of components of teachers' readiness to perceive European values, in particular goal-motivational, substantive, operational and integration. The article discusses the role of the vocational training system in expanding and improving the knowledge and skills of educators, acquired in previous training and practice, with a focus on the formation and development of personal and professional approaches to issues of European integration. It is noted that the cognitive component of this process includes in-depth knowledge of European culture, education, economy and the history of relations between Ukraine and Europe. Special emphasis is placed on innovative approaches and methodologies that help to form such qualities as self-development, professional self-actualization, cognition and creative development in educators. The importance of creating favorable conditions in educational institutions and methodical centers to ensure effective self-development of the individual, aimed at integration with the European educational space and formation of readiness for the perception of European values, is highlighted. Key words: European values, pedagogical conditions, professional primary education, humanistic interactive technologies, teachers' readiness.

Errors in the visual perception of the victim

A particularly complex activity, listening to people is often the object of criticism that mainly concerns the precarious balance required to be maintained between the desire of the persons involved for a broad interpretation in the field of limits needed to be imposed to the professional approach of the investigation and the desire of professionals to be able to use as many means and procedures as possible to put pressure on the interviewed person, to break his/her will in order to obtain as much useful information as possible. Perception is a cognitive psychic process, which consists in reflecting objects and phenomena in the integrity of their qualities at the moment of action on the sense organs. It is rightly considered that perceptual activities are the basis of all behaviors, as without prior perception it will not be possible to learn, speak, memorize, communicate. Perception allows us to become aware of the environment and to interact with it or act on it. Errors of perception, as well as other types of errors admitted by the person, are recognized by the legislature as a basis for criminal liability, and are therefore attributable, since in this case, by exercising a greater dose of care and prudence, the perpetrator should and could have been aware that he was admitting an error. A special role in the process of forming the statements of the injured party is played by visual sensations, in that they provide an accurate and complete picture of the surrounding world. The individuality of the one who is heard, both in the actual listening and during possible reconstructions, confrontations, or presentations for recognition, is likely to generate deviations from objective truth. Preconceived ideas and points of view influenced by discussions with others change the range of elements that the listened person might remember about the deed. The danger of influencing those who testify in cases of sensation is particularly great. Even if there are several statements that coincide, the fact itself gives only a conditional guarantee about the trust that the investigator can have in them.

Трансграничная торговля в условиях цифровой экономики

In the digital economy, cross-border trade has become an integral part of global economic development. At the same time, it is a complex and dynamic process that requires a professional approach and special knowledge. Cross-border trade includes all types of commercial transactions carried out between countries. The basis of such trade is the exchange of goods, services and investments between countries. However, in the digital age, e-commerce or e-commerce is becoming more relevant and developing. To date, or rather, after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, the number of purchases on Russian Internet platforms has increased. This article will analyze international trade, as well as the legal regulations governing this area.

Headteacher development through nonlinear coaching and coaching psychology

This study explored how a non-linear coaching model can be used to develop headteachers in South Africa on their learning journey. The case study explores through qualitative data how senior leaders in schools were able to reflect on their learning through the use of a non-linear coaching model to deepen their understanding of senior leadership, and how they strategically needed to consider the needs of their school, as well as the learners and teams within their schools. A qualitative research approach was used, with data from semi-structured interviews thematically coded through the use of Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six phase model. Key learning from the project is that a collaborative professional approach, facilitating effective learning conversations through a non-linear model, ensured that leaders were able to develop a deep understanding of their contexts and were able to engage with key strategic decisions making processes in a safe, trusting learning environment.

Assessing Vulnerability and Prioritization of Cultural Assets for Climate Change Planning in Collier County, Southwest Florida

Cultural resources are often overlooked in climate change and resiliency planning, despite them being integral to community identity and the restoration of a sense of normalcy after significant weather events. This vulnerability assessment demonstrates how cultural resources can be included in planning efforts, and how they can be prioritized based on specific criteria. To complete this assessment, a working group with local land managers and cultural resource professionals was formed, and members employed a sophisticated Geo Tool, ACUNE (Adaptation of Coastal Urban and Natural Ecosystems) for climate adaptation, to predict how cultural resources throughout Collier County, Florida, would be impacted in two specific climate scenarios. The working group selected ten significant sites in the county and used ACUNE to prioritize action at these sites, using a matrix of hazard exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and the environmental, social, and economic consequences of the loss of these sites. Based on the results of our case study vulnerability assessment of cultural resources in Collier County, the next decade (2020 to 2030) has the potential to increase the number of sites at risk of storm flooding from 267 to 318, alerting managers that immediate action is needed for the sites of greatest value. The analysis of 10 case study sites is presented to demonstrate an approach for land managers and other cultural resource professionals to prioritize action at their own sites.

Small Scale Interventions in Debrecen as a Method of Sustainability

Abstract Architecture - both urban and building scale - always strongly reflects the current social and cultural context. This is of course no different today: the topics that currently define our world - climate change, sustainability, environmental protection, housing poverty... - strongly influence design, sometimes with the stringency of legislation, sometimes as a matter of conscience. Within the framework of the architectural education in Debrecen - student assignments and departmental projects - we often seek answers to the question of what other professional approaches can be found, which could even show an alternative to the current engineering and technological answers that are so intensively present in everyday life. This is one of the ways we think about sustainability, where our primary objective is to show the hidden values and reserves of existing places - buildings, urban spaces - and how currently under-used situations can serve new functional needs with small-scale interventions without significant investment.

Enhancing Professional Development for Teachers' Digital Literacy in the Age of Technological Advancement

This research investigates the complicated relationship between improving teachers' digital literacy and successful technology management within educational reform frameworks. The study, which addresses the growing demand for digital competence among educators, is situated against the background of fast technological innovation that is altering educational landscapes throughout the world. It is argued that existing professional development approaches need to match with the requisite digital skills, to assist teachers to successfully integrate technology in classrooms. As such, this study aims to uncover effective professional development practices that may substantially improve teachers' digital literacy in a variety of educational contexts. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) analysis, the research examines peer-reviewed papers from the Web of Science database from 2018 to 2024, with an emphasis on digital literacy and technological integration. The initial search included 130 publications, which were filtered down from a list of criteria to 35 relevant research. To synthesis the current literature, the study used content analysis methods after SLR to highlight the key themes as findings. Key results show that immersive and continuing professional development programs targeted to particular contexts considerably increase teachers' digital literacy abilities. The study emphasizes the relevance of adaptive learning frameworks that include real-time feedback and collaborative learning situations for developing digital capabilities. According to the report, educational authorities and institutions should prioritize investment in strong, scalable professional development infrastructures that support educators' long-term digital literacy upgrading.

Evaluating the process of practice enhancement for exclusive breastfeeding (PEEB): a participatory action research approach for clinical innovation

BackgroundDespite the known benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, global rates remain below recommended targets, with Ireland having one of the lowest rates in the world. This study explores the efficacy of Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Work-Based Learning Groups (WBLGs) to enhance breastfeeding practices within Irish healthcare settings from the perspective of WBLG participants and facilitators.MethodsEmploying a PAR approach, interdisciplinary healthcare professionals across maternity, primary, and community care settings (n = 94) participated in monthly WBLGs facilitated by three research and practice experts. These sessions, conducted over nine months (November 2021 – July 2022), focused on critical reflective and experiential learning to identify and understand existing breastfeeding culture and practices. Data were collected through participant feedback, facilitator notes, and reflective exercises, with analysis centered on participant engagement and the effectiveness of WBLGs. This approach facilitated a comprehensive understanding of breastfeeding support challenges and opportunities, leading to the development of actionable themes and strategies for practice improvement.ResultsData analysis from WBLG participants led to the identification of five key themes: Empowerment, Ethos, Journey, Vision, and Personal Experience. These themes shaped the participants’ meta-narrative, emphasising a journey of knowledge-building and empowerment for breastfeeding women and supporting staff, underlining the importance of teamwork and multidisciplinary approaches. The project team’s evaluation highlighted four additional themes: Building Momentum, Balancing, Space Matters, and Being Present. These themes reflect the dynamics of the PAR process, highlighting the significance of creating a conducive environment for discussion, ensuring diverse engagement, and maintaining energy and focus to foster meaningful practice changes in breastfeeding support.ConclusionThis study highlights the potential of WBLGs and PAR to enhance the understanding and approach of healthcare professionals towards breastfeeding support. By fostering reflective and collaborative learning environments, the study has contributed to a deeper understanding of the challenges in breastfeeding support and identified key areas for improvement. The methodologies and themes identified hold promise to inform future practice and policy development in maternal and child health.

Disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors of Ukraine: grounds, procedure and features of disciplinary proceedings

The paper is devoted to issues related to bringing prosecutors to disciplinary responsibility in Ukraine. Disciplinary responsibility is a type of legal responsibility that, compared to others, is the most common and often applied to prosecutors. It is worth noting that the existence and consolidation of the disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors at the legislative level does not contradict European standards and is justified, since this type of responsibility acts not only as a guarantor of the prosecutors' performance of their duties, ensuring the rights of citizens, society and the state, but also contributes to the prevention of offenses with by the prosecutors themselves. From a doctrinal point of view, the disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors is considered as a special, independent type of legal responsibility, which is applied in a specific sphere of human life and is related to the professional activity of special subjects - prosecutors. Disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors as a type of legal responsibility consists in the infliction by the violator of prosecutorial discipline of adverse moral, material and organizational deprivations for him and is one of the means of ensuring compliance of the activity and behavior of prosecutors with professional standards. It cannot be claimed that today the practice of bringing prosecutors to disciplinary responsibility is clearly developed and unambiguous. Both the theory and the practice of holding prosecutors to account require serious consideration and the introduction of new approaches in order to increase their effectiveness. In general, the disciplinary responsibility of prosecutors is aimed at forming a responsible professional approach and stopping offenses in the legal sphere, in particular the corruption component.

Acceptance of virtual patients as a continuous professional development approach among practicing nurses in primary health care settings in a low-income country: a quasi-experimental posttest setup design

BackgroundVirtual patients are an educational technological approach used in healthcare education. Its distinctive features have rendered virtual patient technology appealing for the training of medical and healthcare students, particularly in the enhancement of clinical reasoning. Virtual patients are less often applied for continuous professional development for practicing healthcare providers, and there is a scarcity of studies exploring this possibility. This study aimed to assess the acceptability of nurses for using virtual patients as a continuous professional development approach.MethodThe study used a quasi-experimental posttest setup design. The study was conducted in ten primary healthcare settings in Rwanda. Among 76 nurses who consented to participate in the study, 56 completed the intervention and responded to the study questionnaire. Following a one-week program of continuous professional development on four non-communicable diseases, the study used a self-administered questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 to collect data. Descriptive analysis served as the primary method for analyzing participants’ responses. The study also used a correlation test to assess the relationship of variables.ResultsAcross all items in the questionnaire, the median response tended towards either agree or strongly agree, with only a minority number of participants expressing strong disagreement, disagreement, or neutrality. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between perceived usefulness and behavior intention (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings indicate an acceptability and behavioral intention of adopting virtual patients as an alternative continuous professional development approach among nurses working at health centers in Rwanda or other locations with similar contexts.

Relevance of Behavioral Research in the Evolving State of Anti-obesity Medications: Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full?

Obesity continues to be a significant public health challenge. While weight loss medications have been studied and available for several years, the newest generation of highly effective anti-obesity medications (AOMs) will shift how behavioral science professionals approach obesity treatment and research. With the unique skill set of behavioral science professionals, this commentary suggests ways to integrate behavioral science into the rapidly evolving landscape of AOM use to accelerate better obesity care and generate new lines of research. The goal of this commentary is to stimulate discussion and encourage responsive and relevant action to improve population health.

“So, We Decided to Make a Film”

Researchers in information science and related fields have traditionally focused on published research and syntheses of research findings. While these mechanisms are crucial for knowledge dissemination, we advocate for more innovative knowledge translation and mobilization efforts. To illustrate this, we present a unique case study on the employment-seeking practices of immigrant women in STEM in Canada. This study stands out for its groundbreaking arts-based knowledge deliverables, including an animated film, a novel approach that was instrumental in our knowledge dissemination and translation efforts. We delve into the study, the rationale behind these deliverables, and the significance of this approach for information science professionals.

Slovenian Memory Clinic Organization with the Introduction of Potential New Alzheimer's Disease Treatment.

Slovenia, situated in Central Europe with a population of 2.1 million, has an estimated 44,278 individuals with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease or mild Alzheimer's dementia, rendering them potential candidates for disease-modifying treatment (DMT), such as lecanemab. We identified 114 potential candidates whose real-life expenses for diagnostic process surmount to more than €80,000. Treating all potential candidates nationwide would amount to €1.06 billion, surpassing Slovenia's entire annual medication expenditure for 2022 (€743 million). The introduction of DMTs and the associated logistics, along with potential complications, will significantly change societal, professional, and patient approach to treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Enhancing the role of pedagogical beliefs in TPACK-based professional development

Professional development programs that aim to enhance the use of educational technology in higher education have become a priority in many countries. However, educators’ pedagogical beliefs may present a barrier to the successful outcomes of these programs and are often overlooked. This paper presents a professional development approach designed to make explicit educators’ pedagogical beliefs in regards to educational technology. The outcomes of the study will provide insights into strategies to address educators’ beliefs about teaching, learning and students in general, as a launching pad for improvements in practice to occur.

Screening of Wheat Genotypes for Water Stress Tolerance Using Soil–Water Relationships and Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Drought stress constricts crop production around the world. Employing high-yielding cultivars with drought tolerance might be the ideal professional approach to coping with its detrimental outcomes. As a result, the current study was performed to investigate the sensitivity and tolerance of nine wheat genotypes to drought stress. In a randomized block design experiment, nine wheat genotypes were subjected to four water treatments: 100%, 85%, 70%, and 55% of the available water (AW). Four water regimes in two growing seasons were counted as eight environmental zones. The leaf’s water relations and photosynthetic pigment were estimated, as well as growth and yield parameters. Univariate and multivariate statistical approaches, including the new method of multi-trait genotype–ideotype distance (MGIDI), were used for evaluation. The analysis of variance revealed that genotype, environment, and their interactions had a highly significant effect on all traits. The same trend was shown by the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis of variance for grain yield across the environments. The AMMI biplot study indicated that the G8 genotype is the most stable in terms of water stress. The G7 genotype can withstand droughts up to 55% of the available water, while the G8 and G3 genotypes can withstand droughts up to 70% of the available water. Based on all examined traits, this index was used to identify the stable genotypes G7, G8, and G3, which can therefore be suggested for cultivation during drought conditions. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the MGIDI, ANOVA, and tolerance index results, indicating that the same desirable genotypes of G7 and G8 were identified by these procedures as being highly tolerant and stable across a range of soil moisture conditions. Based on MGIDI analysis, we can recommend that the G7 genotype exhibits higher grain yield and yield-related traits with the best drought-tolerant indices.

Will Including Health at COP28 Mean Transformation of Global Mental Health Action? And will Mental Health Professionals transform to help achieve it?

Introduction: For the first time COP28 have included Public Health in their climate change discussions. Given progress on climate change has many hurdles, from domestic, economic and corporate pressures, it is pertinent to explore what impact this inclusion might have and what specific challenges there might be in relation to global mental health.Purpose: This positioning paper considers whether the implication of the inclusion of Health at COP28 might bring about transformation in the way Global Mental Health is addressed. It also considers how it might transform how mental health professionals, but also all others involved in working with people with mental health issues, transform mental health. The paper considers challenges to be faced going forward and potential solutions. The author acknowledges they are sharing their position on this subject, but in doing so, hopes to generate wider discussion.Methodology: As this is a positioning paper, data has been derived from the argument and counter argument within the paper. Therefore, there is a possibility of the risk of bias. Results: Plans to improve mental health globally have focused on replicating a Western, Global North model. Despite over 10 years of the WHO Mental Health Action Plan, there continues to be a growing mental health pandemic, worsened by Covid-19. Mental ill- health is caused by multiple factors, many are national, regional and even localized. The Western Global North model does not factor this in sufficiently to bring about improvement.Conclusion: This paper evaluated whether by including ‘Health’ at the recent COP28, it would help transform Global Mental Health. What became clear, after reviewing previous policies and action plans, was that significant change and improvement had not occurred. Policy makers and professionals approach needs to focus on preventing mental ill-health rather than treating after the event. Additionally, decolonisation of policies and professionals education is required to co-create sustainable resilience with people/communities and reduce mental ill-health.

Barriers to public sector innovation in Switzerland: A phase‐based investigation

AbstractInnovation processes are crucial to modernizing business processes, products, and institutional arrangements in the public sector. However, many attempts at innovation in this area fail. Previous research has identified various barriers, yet little is known regarding which might manifest during the various phases of the innovation process. In this study, we analyse the barriers to public sector innovation from a process perspective, using the policy cycle as an analytical framework. We conducted qualitative interviews (n = 22) with Swiss practitioners to explore barriers to public sector innovation in individual phases of the innovation process. Thus, this study contributes to a better understanding of the barriers that can impede a successful public sector innovation process by shedding light on the barriers’ dynamics and differences at the national and regional levels.Points for practitioners Public sector innovation (PSI) barriers often require public sector organisations to follow a professional innovation management approach. Reluctance to connect and insufficient and/or unclear room to manoeuvre appear to be the most critical barriers, likely resulting from the substantial complexity of the context. PSI barriers show different levels of prevalence in each phase of the innovation process. It is crucial to address barriers in each stage appropriately. Understanding the prevalence of barriers in each phase will help with determining the appropriate strategy. Barriers must be considered throughout innovation process, without neglecting any phase. This requires a strategic and long‐term perspective on innovation management.

Determinants of the optimal selection of vascular access devices: A systematic review underpinned by the COM-B behavioural model.

Optimal selection of vascular access devices is based on multiple factors and is the first strategy to reduce vascular access device-related complications. This process is dependent on behavioural and human factors. The COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour) model was used as a theoretical framework to organize the findings of this systematic review. To synthesize the evidence on determinants shaping the optimal selection of vascular access devices, using the COM-B behavioural model as the theoretical framework. Systematic review of studies which explore decision-making at the time of selecting vascular access devices. The Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and EbscoHost databases were interrogated to extract manuscripts published up to 31 December 2021, in English or Spanish. Among 16 studies included in the review, 8/16 (50%) focused on physical capability, 8/16 (50%) psychological capability, 15/16 (94%) physical opportunity, 12/16 (75%) social opportunity, 1/16 (6%) reflective motivation and 0/16 (0%) automatic motivation. This distribution represents a large gap in terms of interpersonal and motivational influences and cultural and social environments. Specialist teams (teams created for the insertion or maintenance of vascular access devices) are core for the optimal selection of vascular access devices (75% physical capability, 62% psychological capability, 80% physical opportunity and 100% social opportunity). Specialist teams predominantly lead all actions undertaken towards the optimal selection of vascular access devices. These actions primarily centre on assessing opportunity and capability, often overlooking motivational influences and social environments. A more implementation-focused professional approach could decrease inequity among patients and complications associated with vascular access devices. Optimal selection of vascular access devices is the primary strategy in mitigating complications associated with these devices. There is a significant disparity between interpersonal and motivational influences and the cultural and social environments. Furthermore, specialized teams play a pivotal role in facilitating the optimal selection of vascular access devices. The study can benefit institutions concerned about vascular access devices and their complications. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. No Patient or Public Contribution. WHAT DOES THIS ARTICLE CONTRIBUTE TO THE WIDER GLOBAL CLINICAL COMMUNITY?: Optimal selection of vascular devices remains a growing yet unresolved issue with costly clinical and patient experience impact. Interventions to improve the optimal selection of vascular devices have focused on training, education, algorithms and implementation of specialist vascular teams; alas, these approaches do not seem to have substantially addressed the problem. Specialist vascular teams should evolve and pivot towards leading the implementation of quality improvement interventions, optimizing resource use and enhancing their role.

Bt-GAN: Generating Fair Synthetic Healthdata via Bias-transforming Generative Adversarial Networks

Synthetic data generation offers a promising solution to enhance the usefulness of Electronic Healthcare Records (EHR) by generating realistic de-identified data. However, the existing literature primarily focuses on the quality of synthetic health data, neglecting the crucial aspect of fairness in downstream predictions. Consequently, models trained on synthetic EHR have faced criticism for producing biased outcomes in target tasks. These biases can arise from either spurious correlations between features or the failure of models to accurately represent sub-groups. To address these concerns, we present Bias-transforming Generative Adversarial Networks (Bt-GAN), a GAN-based synthetic data generator specifically designed for the healthcare domain. In order to tackle spurious correlations (i), we propose an information-constrained Data Generation Process (DGP) that enables the generator to learn a fair deterministic transformation based on a well-defined notion of algorithmic fairness. To overcome the challenge of capturing exact sub-group representations (ii), we incentivize the generator to preserve sub-group densities through score-based weighted sampling. This approach compels the generator to learn from underrepresented regions of the data manifold. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conduct extensive experiments using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database. Our results demonstrate that Bt-GAN achieves state-of-the-art accuracy while significantly improving fairness and minimizing bias amplification. Furthermore, we perform an in-depth explainability analysis to provide additional evidence supporting the validity of our study. In conclusion, our research introduces a novel and professional approach to addressing the limitations of synthetic data generation in the healthcare domain. By incorporating fairness considerations and leveraging advanced techniques such as GANs, we pave the way for more reliable and unbiased predictions in healthcare applications.

Changing from disease-centred to person-centred - Swedish dental hygienists' views on a theory-based behavioural intervention for improved oral hygiene among adolescents.

To explore dental hygienists' (DHs') views on (i) a person-centred, theory-based, behavioural intervention for improving oral hygiene among adolescents and (ii) professional and organizational factors to consider in the implementation of such an intervention in daily dental practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 DHs who had applied the person-centred, theory-based, behavioural intervention directed at adolescents with poor oral hygiene in a field study within the Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. The main theme 'From individual experts to partners - DHs changing direction from a disease-centred towards a person-centred approach' illustrated a changed professional approach among DHs, from exerting their roles as experts to encouraging partnership in treatment by supporting the adolescents in taking health behavioural decisions and responsibility for their oral health. The DHs considered the changed approach as challenging, but also more enjoyable, compared to conventional information/instruction. Adequate knowledge and skills, personal interest and willingness for a change as well as support from colleagues and clinic management were identified as prerequisites for implementing the person-centred, theory-based, behavioural intervention in daily practice, while the expenditure of time needed in relation to economic demands in care were seen as barriers. The findings elucidate that DHs considered the application of a person-centred, theory-based, behavioural intervention to be challenging but also enjoyable. For such an intervention to be implemented in daily practice, prerequisites and barriers need to be considered on both personal/professional and organizational levels.