Sweet Corn Production Research Articles

Effect of sowing date and some organic extracts on organic production of sweet corn

<p>Field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018. This experiment aims to improve the organic production of sweet corn via some organic extracts under different sowing dates. The seeds of sweet corn (Misthi F1 Hybrid) were planted on three different dates on 15 April, 10 May and 5 June in both seasons. Extracts of compost, vermicompost and chicken manure with applying half dose of compost were compared to full dose of compost. Results showed that early sowing had positive effect on growth, yield and ear properties of sweet corn. Applying half dose of compost with adding vermicompost extract gave the highest growth, yield and ear properties of sweet corn without significant differences compared to 50 % compost + chicken manure extract treatment in plant height and leaves number per plant. The treatments of the half dose of compost with adding any organic extracts were superior to the full dose of compost in all studied traits. This study revealed that early planting (April 15) with applying a half dose of compost + vermicompost extract produced the highest yield and quality of sweet corn ears.</p>

PENENTUAN TINGKAT EFISIENSI ALOKATIF DAN EFISIENSI TEKNIS PADA USAHATANI JAGUNG MANIS ( Zea mays saccharata L. ) DI KECAMATAN KUPANG TIMUR

Research about the determining of allocative and technical efficiency level of sweet corn farming in East Kupang Sub District aims to find out the effect of the use of production factors toward sweet corn production; to analyze the level of allocative efficiency of its use; and to analyze the level of production technical efficiency of sweet corn. The research location was chosen by purposive sampling with the consideration that Oesao village and Pukdale are villages where produce sweet corn in East Kupang Sub District. The sample of research respondents was taken by simple random sampling with 79 respondents consisting of 35 farmers from Oesao village and 44 farmers from Pukdale village. The collect of data had been carried out as long as February to March 2020. The reseach results showed that the factors of land, seed, and urea production significantly affected the production of sweet corn, while the factors of NPK, pesticides and labor production had no significant effect. The level of efficiency can be reached through allocate production inputs precisely. In this case, by reducing the use of land and urea fertilizer, on the other hand, by adding the use of seeds. Also, the farmer production level technically is not efficient yet with the average of actual production level is 10,408 grains or around 1,487 kg, while the average frontier production level is 28,146.64 grains or around 4,021 kg. There are 39 farmers who their technical efficiency in low level category, than, 28 farmers in moderate level category, and as many as 12 farmers have reached a level of technical efficiency.

Growth, productivity and quality of sweet corn in response to irrigation scheduling and nutrient management practices in Vertisols of Marathwada region

Water is the most valuable natural resource for agriculture. Appropriate time for using of irrigation water and the balanced use of NPK with zinc to enhance effective crop productivity and quality of sweet corn at commercial level due to increase demand. In this regard, a field experiment was carried out during the rainy (kharif) seasons of 2016–17 and 2017–18 at the instructional/research farm of MGM college of Agricultural Biotechnology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra to evaluate the growth, quality and yield performance of sweet corn green fodder (cv. Sugar-75) under different irrigation scheduling and nutrient management practices. The treatments comprised of four irrigation scheduling viz., I1: Two irrigations at knee height and tasseling stage, I2: three irrigations at knee height, tasseling and early dough stage, I3: Four irrigations at knee height, tasseling, silking and early dough stage in main plot. The sub-plots comprised of three fertility levels viz., NPK1: 120:60:60 kg NPK/ha, NPK2: 150:75:75 kg NPK/ha, NPK3: 180:90:90 kg NPK/ha) and two methods of zinc application viz., Zn1: Soil application @ 25kg/ha ZnSO4.7H2O and Zn2: Seed priming @ 1% ZnSO4.7H2O) From the experimental findings, it was revealed that four irrigations at knee height, tasseling, silking and early dough stage registered higher growth attributes, total chlorophyll content and yield attributes of sweet corn. Furthermore, recorded maximum green cob yield (32.77 t/ha) and biological yield (96.38 t/ha); higher protein content (7.41%) and total digestible nutrient (93.53%) over three and two irrigations. Application of 180:90:90 kg NPK/ha recorded maximum growth attributes, total chlorophyll content, yield attributes, green cob yield (30.25 t/ha), biological yield (89.81 t/ha), protein content (7.41%) and total digestible nutrient (99.36%) as compared to 150:75:75 kg NPK/ha and 120:60:60 kg NPK/ha. Seed priming @ 1% ZnSO4.7H2O recorded higher growth attributes, total chlorophyll content, yield attributes, productivity, protein content over soil application of ZnSO4, 7H2O @ 25 kg/ha however both were at par during the study. Therefore, based on the finding it may be concluded thar four irrigation, 180:90:90 kg NPK/ha with seed priming @ 1% ZnSO4.7H2O may be recommend in vertisols of Marathwada region for getting more productivity.

Survey of organic sweet corn growers identifies corn earworm prevalence, management and opportunities for plant breeding

AbstractCorn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) is one of the most important pests in organic sweet corn (Zea mays) production. Breeding of corn earworm-resistant varieties has been identified as a potential approach to deal with this pest, but it is critical that plant breeding efforts reflect the contexts and needs of organic producers who might eventually adopt earworm-resistant varieties. In November–December 2017, we surveyed organic sweet corn producers in the U.S. to learn about impacts of corn earworm on organic sweet corn production, how producers are currently managing the pest and opportunities for plant breeding to reduce its overall impact. The survey confirmed that corn earworm is the most challenging insect pest for organic sweet corn producers, that current management options remain limited and that earworm-resistant varieties could improve the ability of growers to consistently produce damage-free sweet corn and to improve the value of sweet corn within organic operations.

Yield, quality, water productivity and economic assessment of sweet corn under irrigation and nitrogen management in humid tropical climate

A field experiment was conducted during three consecutive winter seasons of 2013-14 to 2015-16 in the Indo-Gangetic plains encompassing humid tropical climatic region to study four irrigation regimes (gravity drip at 1.0, 0.8 and 0.6 ETc and surface irrigation) and four nitrogen management (100% RDN, 75% RDN + 25% RDN as vermicompost, 75% RDN + 25% RDN as FYM and 75% RDN + 25% RDN as mustard oilcake) on sweet corn. The results showed that surface irrigation with 75% RDN + 25% RDN as vermicompost was found the best treatment combination for maximum yield and economic realization which being competitive with drip irrigation at 1.0 ETc with 75% RDN + 25% RDN as vermicompost. Relatively higher quality parameters and moderate water productivity were observed with drip irrigation schedule at 1.0 ETc. The findings portray the precise planning and efficient management of available water and nitrogen resources for sweet corn growers.

Sweet corn in no-tillage system on cover crop residues in the Brazilian Cerrado

In recent years, the growth of the cultivated area with sweet corn in conventional tillage system in Brazil expanded, although crops can be grown on different residues of cover crops, which improve nutrient cycling and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass production and to quantify the rate of plant residues decomposition of different cover crops, and correlate the results with the production and grain yield of sweet corn in an area located in the Cerrado biome. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with eight treatments: PM - pearl millet; SH - sunn hemp; SG - signal grass; PM + SH; PM + SG; SH + SG; PM+ SH + SG; FW - fallow (spontaneous vegetation), which preceded the cultivation of sweet corn. Fresh biomass (FB) and dry biomass (DB) of the cover crops were evaluated, as well as the rate of plant residue decomposition. Sweet corn productivity, straw and corncob weight, and grain yield were also determined. Pearl millet presented a better performance in FB production, decomposition rate, residue half-life (T½ life) in soil, yield, corn cob strawweight and yield of sweet corn. Pearl millet, when mixed with other plants, presented reduced rate of residue decomposition and increased residue T½ life. The FW presented the lowest biomass production, with great rate of decomposition and low T½ life. Cover crops grown before sweet corn in soils of good fertility did not affect crop agronomic characteristics. Pearl millet is the best cover crop adapted to Cerrado Brazilian climatic conditions to be used in monoculture or in mixtures with other plants.

Growth Response and Yield of Sweet Corn on Palm Oil Sludge and Dolomite in Ultisols

Sweet corn is a very popular agricultural commodity in Indonesia, so the production of sweet corn needs to be increased. One of the problems that often encountered in the field is the lack of availability of fertile land that can support the growth of sweet corn. Therefore it needs technology to increase land productivity. In this case, the use of palm oil sludge as a source of organic matter and dolomite as a material that can improve soil fertility. The purpose of this research is to get the dosage of palm oil sludge and dolomite that optimal for the growth and yield of sweet corn. This research was conducted from December 2017 to March 2018 in Air Sebakul Village, Talang Empat Subdistrict, Central Bengkulu using Randomized Completely Block Design with two treatment factors. The first factor is the dosage of palm oil sludge consisting of three levels, namely 0 tons ha-1, 10 tons ha-1, and 20 tons ha-1. The second factor is dolomite dosage consisting of four levels, namely 0 tons ha-1, 2 tons ha-1, 4 ton ha-1, and 6 ton ha-1so that 36 sample units are obtained. The results showed that the best combination was obtained from 10 ton ha-1 palm oil sludge and 3,61 tons ha-1 dolomite, which was able to produce the diameter of corn crop stalks of 1,98 cm. The single palm oil sludge treatment gave no significant effect on all growth and yield variables. The addition of dolomite dosage up to 6 tons ha-1 was able to increase plant height, total leaf area, the weight of corn without cornhusk, length of corn without cornhusk, a diameter of corn without cornhusk, fresh weight of the plant, and dry weight of the plant.

PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL DELAPAN GENOTIPE JAGUNG MANIS YANG DIBUDIDAYAKAN SECARA ORGANIK DI LAHAN RAWA LEBAK

[GROWTH AND YIELD OF EIGHT SWEET CORN GENOTIPE ORGANICALLY GROWN IN SWAMPLAND]. Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) has a greater advantage than feed corn because of its early maturity and the price is more expensive. Recently, the need for sweet corn is higher than its production. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to expand the planting area by utilizing sub-optimal land such as swamps of low fertility. Agricultural intensification can be carried out through the use of organic materials to meet nutrient needs for growth and yield of sweet corn. Determination of varieties suitable for planting in sub-optimal land is also an effort to increase the productivity of sweet corn in swampland. This study aims to determine the potential of sweet corn genotype for organically cultivated in swampland. The material used in this study consisted of seven sweet corn genotypes and one comparative variety planted in experimental plots based on a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The variables evaluated in this study were the growth, development, yield, and yield components of sweet corn. The results showed that the 8 sweet corn genotypes tested had significantly different in plant height, number of leaves, number of rows of seeds per cob, and yields per plot. Caps 17 B x Caps 22 and Caps 3 x Caps 5 are genotypes that have better growth than the comparative variety. On the other hand, the yield and yield components of the comparative variety was higher among the other genotypes tested.

Long-Term Effects of Fertilizers with Regional Climate Variability on Yield Trends of Sweet Corn

Climate change affects global crop production year after year. Exploring the impact of different fertilization methods on crop yield stability has become an extremely important topic in sustainable agriculture. The objective of this study is to explore the effects of various fertilization regimes with climate variability on yield stability for sweet corn production in southern Taiwan. Three fertilization treatments composed of chemical fertilizer only (CF), integrated fertilizer (half organic/half chemical fertilizer) (IF), and organic fertilizer only (OF) were implemented from 2009 to 2018 based on the well-maintained soils since 1988. While the same amounts of these fertilizers were applied during the period, we found that different fertilization changed the marketable yields of fresh fruit (ear), which slightly increased for organic fertilizer, but substantially decreased for both chemical (p = 0.0001) and integrated (p = 0.0061) fertilizer. Thus, based on these 10 years of observation, yields among fertilization treatments were analyzed with weather and soil parameters to determine the possible factors involved. Both multiple linear regression equation (p < 0.0001, adj. R2 > 0.57) and regression tree analysis illustrated significantly negative correlations between average ear weight and relative humidity under the chemical fertilizer treatment. In this study, we show for the first time that chemical fertilizer had the lowest yield resilience in response to regional relative humidity change compared to organic and integrated fertilizers. Our results also indicate that specific soil microbes have the potential to help sweet corn face environmental vulnerability in subtropical regions.

Pennycress as a Cash Cover-Crop: Improving the Sustainability of Sweet Corn Production Systems

Commercial sweet corn (Zea mays convar. saccharata var. rugosa) production has a proportionally high potential for nutrient loss to waterways, due to its high nitrogen (N) requirements and low N use efficiency. Cover crops planted after sweet corn can help ameliorate N lost from the field, but farmers are reluctant to utilize cover crops due to a lack of economic incentive. Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) is a winter annual that can provide both economic and environmental benefits. Five N-rates (0, 65, 135, 135 split and 200) were applied pre-plant to sweet corn. After the sweet corn harvest, pennycress was planted into the sweet corn residue with two seeding methods and harvested for seed the following spring. Residual inorganic soil N (Nmin), pennycress biomass, biomass N and yield were measured. The nitrogen rate and seeding method had no effect on pennycress yield, biomass, or biomass N content. The nitrogen rate positively affected Nmin at pennycress seeding, wherein 200N plots had 38–80% higher Nmin than 0N plots, but had no effect on Nmin at pennycress harvest. Control treatments without pennycress had an average of 27–42% greater Nmin. In conclusion, pennycress can act as an effective N catch crop, and produce an adequate seed yield after sweet corn without the need for supplemental fertilization.

Increasing Sweet Corn Production: Fertilizing Zea Mays Saccharata, Sturt Context in Pekanbaru. Indonesia

Sweet corn production in Pekanbaru is still low when compared with national production. This is due to environmental factors dominated by the Red Yellow Podsolik lands (PMK). The data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive by comparing between fertilized and untreated fertilizers and compared with descriptions of sweet corn yields that can be achieved. Fertilization in the cultivation of sweet corn proved to increase the yield of sweet corn in various regions. The soil for sweet corn cultivation in Pekanbaru should be given organic or inorganic fertilizers and organizer substances. The combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers is recommended to be tested, this is related to the efficient use of inorganic fertilizers. Biological organic fertilizers are recommended to be tested on sweet corn cultivation in locations with PMK type of soil.

Application of N fertilizer and Mikania micrantha weed extract on weeds population, growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays zacharrata)

The existence of weeds and low efficiency of nitrogen fertilization are obstacles in the sustainable production of sweet corn. Eco-friendly weed control efforts are needed and at the same time can increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization in sweet corn crops. The utilisation of Mikania micrantha weed extract as bio-herbicide has been shown to inhibit the growth of several types of weeds. This study aimed to determine the effect of decreasing of Nitrogen dosage and the application of Mikania micrantha extract to reduce weed populations, support growth and yield of sweet corn crops. The research was conducted at Experimental Farm of Agriculture Faculty Universitas Jenderal Soedirman in Purwokerto Central Java from June to August 2018. The experiment used completely randomized block design. The treatments consisted of two factors and three replication. The first factor is nitrogen dosage (N1 = 100%, N2 = 50% and N3 25% N recommendation dosage) and second factor is concentration of weed extract (W1=10%, W2=20% and W3 = 30 %) The results showed that dominant weeds were Cynodon dactylon and Cyperus rotundus. N dosage of 25% and 50% are able to provide the best sweet corn yield, weed extract concentrations of 10% and 20% suppress weed growth

Management of Liquid Organic Waste from Palm Oil Plant and Compost Cow to the Growth and Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)

The growth and production of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) are strongly influenced by good genetics and environmental factors, including how to cultivate the soil so that the availability of nutrients is quite balanced. The long-term goal of this research is to determine the effectiveness of a combination of palm oil mill effluent (LCPKS) and cow dung waste (LKTS) with EM4 bio-activator applied to sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt).
 This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors with 12 treatment combinations and 3 replications to obtain 36 research plots. The factors studied are the formulation factor of a mixture of palm oil mill effluent with cow dung waste, which is denoted by (A) consisting of A1 = 70% palm oil mill waste and 30% cow dung, A2 = 50% effluent palm oil mill and 50% cow dung waste, A3 = 30% palm oil mill waste and 70% cow dung waste. The dose factor with the symbol (D) consists of, D0 = control, D1 = 1.5 kg per plot, D2 = 3 kg per plot, D3 = 4.5 kg per plot.
 The parameters observed were plant height (cm), biomass samples (grams), sample production (grams) and plot production (kg). The results showed that different waste mix formulations and administration of different doses did not significantly influence plant height parameters because compost maturity must be assessed by measuring two or more compost parameters to prevent phytotoxicity. Therefore, quality assurance must be carried out on compost to determine the factors that cause phytotoxicity and also research must be intensified in determining lines that will be able to degrade waste faster, more efficiently and also produce non-toxic compost that mixes the soil produced in plant growth. In addition, care must be taken in selecting raw materials for composting. The results showed that the mixed waste formulations significantly affected the biomass of the sample, where the highest average was obtained in processing A3 (30% of palm oil mill waste and 70% of cow dung waste. The research results also showed that dosing had a very significant effect on biomass parameter sample, sample production and plot production where the highest average is in the D3 treatment (4.5 kg per plot).

Soil-biodegradable Mulches for Growth, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Corn in a Mediterranean-type Climate

Plastic mulch is commonly used to produce many vegetable crops because of its potential to decrease days to harvest, control weeds, and improve soil moisture conservation. However, use of plastic mulch is relatively new for sweet corn (Zea mays L.) in North America. We compared five plastic soil-biodegradable mulches [BDMs; Bio360, Organix AG, Clear Organix AG, Naturecycle, and Experimental polylactic acid/polyhydroxyalkanoates (Metabolix, Inc., Cambridge, MA)] and a paper mulch (WeedGuardPlus) against standard black polyethylene (PE; nonbiodegradable) mulch and bare ground cultivation for growth, yield, and quality of sweet corn cultivar Xtra Tender 2171. This field experiment was carried out in Mount Vernon, WA, which has a Mediterranean-type climate with an average air temperature of 16.1 °C during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. The experiment was drip irrigated; and in both years, preemergence herbicides were applied to the entire experimental area 1 to 2 days after seeding, and post-emergence herbicides were applied to alleys. While most mulches remained intact until the end of the growing season, Clear Organix AG started to split shortly after laying, resulting in significant weed pressure by midseason in both 2017 and 2018. Plant height toward the end of the season was lowest for plants grown on bare ground, intermediate for Clear Organix AG and WeedGuardPlus, and highest for the black plastic BDM and PE mulch treatments both years, except for Bio360 in 2018 where plant height was intermediate. Days to 50% tasseling and 50% silking were delayed 9 and 13 days, respectively, for bare ground and WeedGuardPlus compared with all other treatments in both years. Marketable ear yield was highest with the black plastic BDMs and PE mulch and lowest with bare ground, WeedGuardPlus, and Clear Organix AG treatments in both years. Total soluble solid content of kernels, and length and diameter of ears grown on the plastic BDM and PE mulch treatments were equal to or greater than, but never lower than, bare ground and WeedGuardPlus. These results indicate that growth, yield, and quality of sweet corn grown with black plastic BDMs are comparable to PE mulch, making black plastic BDMs an effective alternative to black PE mulch for sweet corn production in a Mediterranean-type climate.

HYDRUS-1D Simulation of Soil Water Dynamics for Sweet Corn under Tropical Rainfed Condition

Assessment of soil water balance is essential to understand water dynamics for optimal use of water and fertilizers. The study intended to simulate soil water dynamics in sweet corn production under tropical rainfed conditions. Surface runoff, subsurface leaching, and evapotranspiration are the main components of water balance, especially in tropical environments. Therefore, intensive field experiments and HYDRUS-1D numerical modeling were applied to investigate the water balance components and analyzing water dynamics. The study was carried out in a sweet corn field for two growing seasons under the rainfed conditions at the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Malaysia. The total water inputs during the first and second seasons were 75.8 cm and 79.7 cm, respectively. Simulated results of evapotranspiration (ET) accounted for 40.7% and 33.1% of total water input during the first and second seasons. Surface runoff accounted for 41% and 28.6% in the first and second season, respectively. Water leaching accounted for 10.6%–26.8% of total water input during both seasons respectively. As rainfall fulfilled the crop water requirement throughout the growing seasons no additional irrigation was required. The overall simulation results validate the HYDRUS-1D as an effective tool to simulate soil water dynamics under rainfed conditions.

Foliar application of micro cattle bone ash in increasing growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.)

Cattle bone ash contains high calcium and phosphor that can be used as foliar fertilizer. The foliar application requires particles whose size must be smaller than the stomatal size. The study is expected to increase the growth and the production of sweet corn by applying cattle bone ash to sweet corn through foliar application. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with five treatments; without cattle bone ash application, 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.3%, and 0.4% of cattle bone ash concentration. Cattle bone ash dominated with particles smaller than stomatal size and contained high calcium, oxygen and phosphor with little of sodium and magnesium. The result showed that 0.3% application of micro cattle bone ash could enhance leaves area, root dry weight, net assimilation rate, ear weight, and 100 kernels weight of sweet corn.

Development and production of sweet corn applied with biostimulant as seed treatment

ABSTRACT Sweet corn has potential to increase farmer’s income. Thus, biostimulants may contribute to increase productivity of sweet corn, being indicated and used in various crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of applying biostimulant on sweet corn crops and to establish the ideal dose aiming to increase the crop’s agronomic characteristics. The experiment was installed in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul-MS and was conducted from November 15, 2012 to February 19, 2013. Treatments were composed of eight biostimulant doses (0.0, 4.0, 8.0, 12.0, 16.0, 20.0, 24.0 and 28.0 mL kg-1 of seeds), arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The responses of the variables to the best dose of biostimulant were 12.4, 15.3, 13.7, 12.4, 15.7, 16.4, 15.4 and 12.5 mL kg-1, respectively for plant height, first ear insertion height, stem diameter, final population, number of ears per hectare, ear mass with and without straw and ear index. Considering that the ear with straw is the source of economic return to the producer, the dose of 16.4 mL kg-1 is the best indication in this condition.

Productivity, nutrient uptake and quality of sweet corn and potato in relation to integrated nutrient management practice

Field experiment entitled “Effect of integrated nutrient management in sweet corn-potato cropping sequence" was conducted during kharif and rabi season of 2014 to 2015 at Instructional Research Farm, Central Campus, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.

Triple-row system with a wider drip-line lateral spacing for two drip-irrigated sweet corn cultivars

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of both single- and triple-row production systems in two drip-irrigated sweet corn cultivars under dry Mediterranean climate conditions. A two-year field experiment (2017 and 2018) was carried out in clay loam soil. The following three combinations spacing between crop rows and drip-line lateral spacing, with three replicates for each cultivar, were applied: single rows at 75 cm spacing, with one drip-line lateral spacing for each crop row; single rows at 75 cm row spacing, with one drip-line lateral spacing for three crop rows; and triple rows, 37.5 cm apart, on 225 cm centers, with one drip-line lateral spacing for each triple row. The responses of both cultivars were similar. In addition, husked cob yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) significantly reduced as the drip-line lateral spacing increased in single rows. Yield loss was 35.2% in relation to the 75 cm spacing. However, when the triple-row system with 225 cm drip-line lateral spacing was adopted, yield and IWUE were noticeably improved, and the yield loss was moderated to 16%, due to the improvement in soil water conditions in the triple rows. For improved yield and IWUE, the combination of triple rows with the 225-cm drip-line lateral spacing is an efficient drip-irrigated planting pattern for sweet corn production in dry Mediterranean climate conditions.

The Effectiveness of cow manure and inorganic fertilizer on sweetcorn (Zea mays saccharata sturt) productivity

Sweetcorn has been treated by cow manure and inorganic fertilizer in Inceptisols. Inceptisols possesses low soil fertility and a relatively low to moderate level of organic matter content. This study has been conducted from June to December 2018 at the Field Experimental Station of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java. The treatments are as follow: A = Control, B = Standard NPK, C = 0 NPK + 1 cow manure, D = ¼ NPK + 1 cow manure, E = ½ NPK + 1 cow manure, F = ¾ NPK + 1 cow manure, G = 1 NPK + 1 cow manure, H = ¾ NPK + ¼ cow manure, I = ¾ NPK +½ cow manure and J = ¾ NPK + ¾ cow manure. The combination of cow manure and inorganic performed the best result.