Productive Arrangements Research Articles

Guidelines for developing behavioral models of local productive arrangements (APL) and their effect on social transformation

The implementation of productive arrangements, similar to clusters, in Brazil, has led to the structuring of Local Productive Arrangements (APL). APLs are territorial agglomerations of economic, political, and social agents focused on a specific spectrum of economic activities. The proper structuring of these productive arrangements to incorporate technologies impacts the capacity for transformation and sustainability of the APL, fostering beneficial outcomes on local development and the socio-economic conditions of the territory. Based on the analysis of various models that have been compared by the Sábato´s Triangle and the Technology Habitat Circuit, it is possible to propose a structure of actors/vertices, factors, constructs, and indicators with a view to developing guidelines for the construction of behavioral models of APLs. These models should simulate the dynamic behavior of the arrangement for various compositions, multivariate stimuli, and regional scenarios, allowing for testing proposals aimed at supporting and promoting productive systems.

Assessment of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed quality accessed through different seed sources in northwest Ethiopia

Abstract Farmers are accessing seeds from different sources with different quality standards. Studies on the assessment of seed systems (sources) in relation to seed quality are scarce. This study was carried out to assess the different seed qualities (physical purity, physiological quality, and seed health) of bread wheat seed accessed through the existing seed sources (formal and informal seed sources) in Baso Liben district of the Amhara region, northwest Ethiopia. In addition, this study assessed the experience of farmers in seed production and management. Data were collected from 108 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire and from farmers and local experts using focus group discussions. Seed samples were collected from 58 farmers (30 farmers who sourced seed from the informal system and 28 from the formal system) for laboratory testing. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test (pairwise comparison) using SPSS v23.0. Results showed that about 32.4% of the respondents have experience in quality bread wheat seed production under contractual seed production arrangements with public seed enterprises. Results also revealed significant differences between formal and informal seed sources for various seed quality parameters. Seeds accessed from the formal sources have better physical purity, physiological quality, and 1,000 seed weight than seeds accessed from informal sources. Seed samples collected from the informal source were highly infected with Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium spp., and Fusarium spp., and seeds from the formal seed source were infected with Alternata spp. and Penicillium spp. Seed quality is a major concern for the seeds accessed from both formal and informal sources. Therefore, the seed quality control mechanisms of various stakeholders, including national and regional seed regulatory bodies, government organizations, research institutes, and seed producers/companies, should be given much attention at each stage of the seed value chain.

POTONGAN HARGA, PENATAAN PRODUK DAN ATMOSFER TOKO DAMPAKNYA PADA KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TIDAK TERENCANA KONSUMEN ALFAMART

Impulse buying decision is a form of consumer behavior that occurs suddenly without going through the planning process. This type of consumer behavior often occurs but is rarely realized and noticed. Many factors can trigger impulse buying decisions, such as price discounts, display product, and store atmosphere. The purpose of this research is to find out how the effect of price discounts, display product, and store atmosphere on impulse buying decisions of Alfamart consumers in Mataram City. 90 respondents were selected as the sample for this study, using purposive sampling as the sampling method. The data for this study were obtained through questionnaires distributed by online media using the help of the Google form. Multiple linear regression is a data analysis method that is used with the help of SPSS 25 software. This study obtained results indicating that price discounts, product arrangement, and store atmosphere partially or simultaneously influence impilse buying decisions. Based on the results of this study, Alfamart should pay more attention to the discounts given, as well as display product, as well as the level of comfort in the store, so as to maximize the effect of price discounts, display product and store atmosphere on consumer impulse buying decisions.

Local productive arrangements and their effects on tourism

This article presents a set of performance indicators to guide the actors to increase their mutual cohesion and facilitate the pursuit of common goals. These indicators were defined based on the authors' expertise in analyzing tourism networks and the results obtained from research in Ouro Preto City, Brazil. In this way, it was possible to perceive the degree of significance of the actors involved in terms of the choice criteria used by visitors to configure their path within the tourist region surveyed and thus strengthen existing relationships.

Analisis Pendapatan Dan Strategi Pemasaran Buah Pedada (Sonneratia Caseolaris L) Menjadi Sirup Pedada (Studi Kasus: Jalan Bambu Kuning Kelurahan Selat Tanjung Medan Kecamatan Datuk Bandar Timur Kota Tanjungbalai)

This study aims to find out the income of business actors in the pedada syrup business and to find out the marketing strategy for pedada fruit to become pedada syrup in Jalan Bambu Kuning, Tanjung Selat Village, Medan, Tanjungbalai City. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach, location determination is determined purposively (purposive), population and sample consist of 1 (saturated sample), data collection techniques used primary and secondary data, data analysis techniques namely income analysis and marketing strategy using 7P (marketing mix). The results of the research on pedada syrup business income per month are Rp. 2,674,376, Implementation of the 7P marketing strategy in terms of products, the product has a halal logo with a size of 550 ml. The price of chest syrup is Rp. 30,000/bottle. The marketing place is carried out at the home of the business actor. Promotion is simple, because on the bottle packaging only the cellphone number is printed. People in the pedada syrup business provide workforce training to expedite the production process. Physical Evidence, arrangement of products at business locations is structured and attractive. The production process is carried out according to the principles of sanitation and hygiene.

ANDROLOGICAL EVALUATION OF BULLS PRESENT ON RURAL PROPERTIES IN THE LOCAL DAIRY PRODUCTION ARRANGEMENT (APL) OF WEST GOIANO

The andrological examination is a periodic evaluation that corresponds to the set of methods that aim to obtain information, such as changes in the reproductive system, pathologies and semen evaluation, with the aim of estimating the reproductive potential of males. The main objective of the examination is to select sires and estimate the reproductive potential of bulls, in addition, to identify animals with fertility problems. Therefore, the andrological examination must be seen as an integral part of the reproductive season, being a foundation to guarantee good results for beef and dairy cattle herds. Despite the increase in technology on properties in Brazil, the vast majority of producers have little information about the importance of carrying out andrological examinations before the reproductive season. Thus, the literature review aims to address the andrological examination and its benefits and encouragement in carrying out the examination on properties belonging to the local dairy production arrangement (APL) in western Goiás.

Klasterisasi Stok Produk Retail Untuk Menetukan Pergerakan Kebutuhan Konsumen Dengan Algoritma K-Means

− Retail product clustering is a product arrangement that is adjusted to the flow of placement or this layout is more suitable for product placement according to standards. Utilization of existing data through the clustering method approach can be applied in analyzing product grouping of data on availability and inventory of goods in warehouses so that it can provide knowledge and information. The clustering method is processed using the K-Means algorithm, where the results also show a new insight, namely grouping products based on 3 clusters. Cluster 1 is a product category with low availability or Low, namely 939 out of 1000 availability categories based on the number of products tested, then cluster 2 is a product category with medium or Medium availability, namely 51 out of 1000 availability categories based on the number of products tested, and finally cluster 3 is a product category with fairly high availability or High, namely 10 out of 100 availability categories based on the number of products tested. Tests using Rapid Miner tools can also produce similar insights, namely that each cluster has cluster group members according to manual calculations such as Cluster_0 in Rapid Miner has 51 cluster members representing the Medium cluster, Cluster_1 has 939 cluster group members representing the Low cluster, and Cluster_2 has 10 cluster members corresponding to the cluster representation High.

PET waste management in Pakistan through use of PET shreds as additive in backfill soil.

The management of waste plastic bottles is one of the major environmental challenges in the world. Plastic bottles are composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is non-biodegradable, resulting in environmental problems. Various studies have been carried out on the use of waste PET bottles in the form of custom-made strips as a stabilizer. However, no significant research has been carried out on the use of waste PET bottle shreds already available in the market. These shreds do not require any special technology or arrangement for bulk production. In this study, the shear strength of low plastic silty clay was improved using locally available PET shreds, and their prospective application in the backfill soil was investigated. Standard Proctor tests and direct shear tests were conducted on soil stabilized with three different sizes of plastic shreds (2mm, 6mm, and 10mm) in four different percentages (1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%). Findings revealed that adding PET shreds in 1% content improves the shear strength characteristics. However, the shear strength parameters decrease with further increase in PET shred content. Therefore, PET shreds in 1% content can be added in backfill soil to improve its shear strength. Pakistan needs to construct 0.77 million housing units annually to keep up with its population growth. The statistics of seven major cities of Pakistan show that the PET waste management issue of Pakistan can be resolved by using PET shreds as a backfill additive in only 32% of the new houses required to be constructed.

Using the Life Cycle Approach for Multiobjective Optimization in the Context of the Green Supply Chain: A Case Study of Brazilian Coffee

This study proposes a multiobjective optimization model (MOO) based on a green supply chain so that coffee produced in Brazil could supply the North American market with lower environmental impacts and costs. Production and distribution arrangements were established considering four coffee-producing regions, three ports of origin in Brazil, four destination ports, seven roasting plants, and fifteen consumption centers, all distributed throughout the American territory. Environmental and economic performances regarding global warming potential (GWP) and costs were determined for a life cycle approach. The results indicate that coffee cultivation has the most significant contributions to the GWP of the arrangements. The transport of the product by road also plays an essential role, especially if extensive distances are covered during the port–roaster–consumer center journey in the United States. The analysis showed differences of 2.0 kg CO2eq and US$8.00 per ton of coffee between the best and worst arrangements, which can be considered significant when projected to the Brazilian annual coffee export scale. In the environmental limit condition, the optimization can lead to non-trivial results compared to the real market. The model conceived for the MOO can be improved to reproduce more realistic conditions by incorporating producer and consumer markets, inserting uncertainties.

Computer Vision Based Planogram Compliance Evaluation

Arranging products in stores according to planograms, optimized product arrangement maps, is an important sales enabler and necessary for keeping up with the highly competitive modern retail market. Key benefits of planograms include increased efficiency, maximized retail store space, increased customer satisfaction, visual appeal, and increased revenue. The planograms are realized into product arrangements by humans, a process that is prone to mistakes. Therefore, for optimal merchandising performance, the planogram compliance of the arrangements needs to be evaluated from time to time. We investigate utilizing a computer vision problem setting—retail product detection—to automate planogram compliance evaluation. Retail product detection comprises product detection and classification. The detected and classified products can be compared to the planogram in order to evaluate compliance. In this paper, we propose a novel retail product detection pipeline combining a Gaussian layer network product proposal generator and domain invariant hierarchical embedding (DIHE) classifier. We utilize the detection pipeline with RANSAC pose estimation for planogram compliance evaluation. As the existing metrics for evaluating the planogram compliance evaluation performance assume unrealistically that the test image matches the planogram, we propose a novel metric, called normalized planogram compliance error (EPC), for benchmarking real-world setups. We evaluate the performance of our method with two datasets: the only open-source dataset with planogram evaluation data, GP-180, and our own dataset collected from a large Nordic retailer. Based on the evaluation, our method provides an improved planogram compliance evaluation pipeline, with accurate product location estimation when using real-life images that include entire shelves, unlike previous research that has only used images with few products. Our analysis also demonstrates that our method requires less processing time than the state-of-the-art compliance evaluation methods.

Evaluación agronómica de quinua intercalada con café a una altitud de 1.800 msnm

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) exhibits great potential for adaptation to various agroecological conditions, making it a diversification option for different production systems. In this regard, the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the agronomic characteristics of different progenies intercropped with coffee (Coffea arabica) cultivation under Popayan (Colombia) conditions, in order to determine their adaptation potential in coffee regions of Colombia. The research was conducted at the Experimental Farm "La Prosperidad", located in the municipality of Popayan, Colombia, at an altitude of 1,800 m. Ten genotypes were evaluated: five selected from BRS Syetetuba (Brazil), three from Colombia (San José, Aurora, and Blanca Dulce de Jericó), and two from Ecuador (Piartal and Tunkahuan). The planting was done between the coffee rows in the zoca stage, in an experimental area of 406 m2, following a completely randomized block design with four replications. Characteristics such as plant height, panicle size, central panicle perimeter, weight of 1,000 grains, grain yield, dry mass yield, harvest index, and phenological stages were evaluated. All quinoa materials showed an early cycle with a maximum value of 118 days, with ‘San José’, ‘Aurora’, ‘BCX1’, and ‘BCX4’ standing out with averages below 110 days. Grain yields ranged from 1,120 to 2,900 kg ha-1, with the genotype BCX6 standing out with 2,900 kg ha-1 and ‘Piartal’ with 2,883 kg ha-1. The weight of 1,000 grains averaged 2.62 g, and the harvest index was 27.96%. Meanwhile, the contribution of dry matter to the intercropped system was 7,799.50 kg ha-1. The genotypes showed adaptation potential in the intercropping system with coffee. A high variability of quinoa genotypes was observed, which is an interesting characteristic for specific selection processes in diversified production arrangements.

Neural production networks: AI’s infrastructural geographies

It is commonly argued that a handful of technology firms own the infrastructure that underpins the proliferation of artificial neural networks. But little is known about how this concentration of computational resources manifests itself in new geographies of production. To address this disparity, this article introduces the theoretical framework of neural production networks: geographically dispersed but computationally enveloped production arrangements powered by artificial neural networks. The article substantiates this framework by probing the role of Amazon, Google and Microsoft as lead firms in neural production networks. By reconsidering three key categories of production network scholarship – value, embeddedness and power – in light of those lead firms, the article opens a space for economic–geographical research on artificial neural networks.

Path dependencies in Turkish olive production: production arrangements of smallholders, middlemen and cooperatives

ABSTRACT Given the relatively low productivity in the Turkish table olive sector, this article characterizes different production arrangements and interrelationships between smallholders, middlemen (komisyoncus and stockus) and cooperatives to explain existing path-dependences of smallholders. It then identifies barriers for smallholders to upgrade their production methods to achieve higher income. The conceptual backdrop of the article are aspects of global value chains (GVC), which characterize the current organization of olive production and explain their implications for smallholders. The article argues that the combination of weak enforcement of standards as well as strong, one-sided dependencies of smallholders to middlemen (in particular komisyoncus) lead to development paths of high fragmentation, low productivity and low smallholder incomes. These development lock-ins are reinforced by state regulations and existing social networks based on established trust. Farmers’ cooperatives are one option to integrate value chains and improve the bargaining position of smallholders.

Study of factors associated with waiting time for patients undergoing emergency surgery

Background: Emergency surgeries throughout the world are demanding earlier surgical times. In a developing country like this cannot be possible because of lot of factors. So we planned to study such factors that could interplay and increase the waiting time for emergency surgeries. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Anaesthesiology, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2021. Out of 102 required emergency surgery. All patients diagnosed with general surgical and orthopedic emergencies were followed till they were operated. Results: Out of 102 required emergency surgery. The mean age was 29.72 year and 76.5% of the patients were male. The mean time from presentation to the emergency department to the first surgical consultation was 170 minutes, from surgical consultation to decision of surgery was 28 minutes, from decision of surgery to transfer to operating room was 426 minutes, from arrival in operating room to anesthesia consultation was 18 minutes, and from anesthesia consultation to start of surgical incision was 75 minutes. The total average waiting time from arrival at emergency department to the start of surgery was 717 minutes. The factors were, viz., pre-occupancy of theatre (59.8%), special procedures/intervention required prior to surgery (23.5%), arrangement of logistics/finances by patient family (13.7%), arrangement of blood products (10.5%), consultations (9.8%), delay in giving consent by patients/family (5.9%), delay in arrangement of supplies (9.8%), and shift change of nursing staff (3.9%). Conclusion: This study shows that various preventable factors increases waiting times for emergency surgeries that should be minimized so that waiting times can be reduced.

Book design politics in the context of new technologies

Graphic design is a mediation process that involves project choices and decisions, which carry invisible dimensions and intentions, such as the ideologies that defines them. In present times, this mediation process is more complex, as new production and consumption arrangements take place. This paper seeks to discuss questions concerning book design in the context of new technologies, from theoretical and practical approaches, in a political perspective, raising reflections on the need for a conscious and responsible practice in search of a more ethical society. It also presents considerations about writing and typography, images, technologies and devices, business model, algorithms, and some trends and perspectives of the publishing market. The paper concludes by stating that the editorial design process, essentially in the contemporary scenario of new technologies, has to be carried out from a critical and political stance, considering the factors that influence praxis and compose the complexity of the editorial context.

Productive arrangement of oysters: a comparative study between two communities in southern Brazil

The oyster cultivation in Brazil has a great productive concentration in the Southern region of Brazil, however the consolidation of these productive arrangements occurs slowly and with great variation among the producing communities. Scattered information was found on the reasons for the uneven development of smaller arrangements. Therefore, in view of the relevance of the activity and in order to identify the factors responsible for the inequality in the growth of productive arrangements, a descriptive exploratory study was carried out between March and July 2022 with the leaders of two fishing communities in the local productive arrangement - LPA, Cabaraquara, on the Coast of Paraná, Brazil, being one of them a consolidated arrangement and the other one in development. The research revealed that the difference between the productivity of both does not seem to be linked to factors such as proximity to the consumer market, distribution logistics, manpower, producers' ability to articulate with the market or even geoclimatic characteristics. The main factors that limit the consolidation of LPAs are the degree of difficulty in accessing production inputs, the lack of technical assistance and the almost non-existence of public policies for the segment. Although oyster clusters have conditions for growth and consolidation, the presence of arrangements of producers in these regions is not a sufficient condition for local development, requiring the formation of links and interdependent relationships among them. Therefore, especially in the Cabaraquara Community, it is necessary to establish a governance model that allows for positive results in terms of efficiency and competitiveness in the dialogue with other actors outside the producing communities.

The Weaponisation of Public Comment Rules in Policy Deliberations

The Covid-19 pandemic heightened already intense and increased scrutiny of public education in recent years. The administrative impulse to stage community engagement efforts to deliberate upon these questions, however well-intentioned, rarely realises full community engagement and reflection. Based on an examination of public engagement events held at Florida schools related to the Covid-19 health crisis, the proposed essay identifies a more concerning transformation of “public comment” into a weaponisable prop for lawmakers seeking the public legitimacy necessary for their agenda, marrying the worlds of critical studies with those of public administration and its orientations. More than merely failing to genuinely engage the public, we argue that such events forestall a more productive arrangement of the democratic form that does not rely on publicness and the leader that secures that space. Ultimately, we suggest a path that affords the possibility of public engagement, but that does not seal off the possibility of that more radical democratic future to come.

P50 The impact of beef cattle management on the mitigation of greenhouse gases in two productive arrangements

P50 The impact of beef cattle management on the mitigation of greenhouse gases in two productive arrangements

Desenvolvimento Econômico como um Processo Social de Múltiplas Escalas Espaço-Temporais

Abstract The article seeks, first, to demonstrate how the concept of development has been used in different ways throughout history. The classical developmentalist authors understood the phenomenon as a complex process, which involved structural changes, sectoral economic transformations, political projects of social change and action and planning by various economic and political actors. Developmentalist ideas influenced sophisticated processes of social transformation that took place especially during the “golden age” of capitalism. From the 1980s onwards, reductionist theories about development have gained momentum. They seek to explain development as the result, for example, of productive specialization, entrepreneurial action or local economic arrangements. The article also aims to establish methodological parameters for the rejection of reductionist approaches to development and for the defence of comprehensive theories, which understand it as a complex social phenomenon that occurs in multiple space-time scales.

Designing horizontal wells in carbonate reservoirs using geological and hydrodynamic modeling tools

The paper considers one of the ways to determine the optimal arrangement of production and injection horizontal wells in the Vereisky horizon, which formations are composed of interbedded carbonate and terrigenous rocks. The geological and production analysis of the drilled wells was carried out. Multistage hydraulic fracturing was used to increase the proportion of reserves involved in development. When drilling horizontal wells, using hydraulic fracturing, it is possible not only to increase the drainage zone of the target reservoir, but also to involve the above- and below-lying layers in the development. The performed analysis confirmed the high efficiency of horizontal wells with multistage fracturing. Various variants of arrangement of production and injection horizontal wells were designed and modeled using the geological and hydrodynamic model of one of the object’s sections. Based on the performed analysis and calculations, the most effective schemes of well arrangements were selected. Keywords: carbonate rocks; horizontal well; forecast; modeling; multistage fracturing; injection; pressure maintenance system.