Production Of Silver Nanoparticles Research Articles

Study of effect bio synthesized silver nanoparticles from Proteus mirabilis and on anti-oxidant activity

Microbes that cause disease and have developed resistance to pharmacological treatment are becoming an increasingly serious threat to public health. Because of this, the research and development of novel bactericides is a pressing necessity. This work focuses on the production of silver nanoparticles, which were synthesized from Proteus mirabilis and then had their shape and size distribution evaluated by particle size distribution analysis. investigation using an analyzer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Aqueous medium's ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrum. The silver nanoparticles made from Proteus mirabilis showed their antioxidant ability in vitro by scavenging DPPH free radicals. The highest inhibition titer was found in the mixture of DPPH and silver nanoparticles at 512g/ml (70.001%), while the lowest was found at 32mg/ml (59.597 %).

Physiological Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Silver Stress.

Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) production and their use as antimicrobial agents is a current area of active research. Biosynthesis is the most sustainable production method, and fungi have become candidates of interest in AgNP production. However, investigations into the physiological responses of fungi due to silver exposure are scanty. This present work utilized two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (one used in commercial fermentation and a naturally occurring strain) to determine the physiological consequences of their transient exposure to AgNO3. The assessments were based on studies involving growth curves, minimal inhibitory concentration assays, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Results indicated (a) the capability of S. cerevisiae to produce silver nanoparticles, even at elevated levels of exposure; (b) strain origin had no significant impact on S. cerevisiae physiological response to AgNO3; and (c) coexposure to copper and silver significantly increased intracellular copper, silver, and calcium in treated yeast cells. In addition, electron microscopy and ICP-OES results revealed that both strains internalized silver after exposure, resulting in the shrunken and distorted physical appearance visible on SEM micrographs of treated cells. Though a promising candidate for AgNPs biosynthesis, this study analyzed the effects of transient silver exposure on S. cerevisiae growth physiology and morphology.

Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using marasmius palmivorus MG717877.1 and their antifungal activity

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were produced utilizing Marasmius palmivorus MG717877.1 in the current investigation. The fungal cell filtrate was used to accomplish external production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver nitrate (AgNo3) solution. The aqueous silver (Ag) ions in a 1mM AgNo3 aqueous solution were decreased when it was exposed to fungal cell filtrate, resulting in highly stable AgNPs. When challenged with 1mM AgNo3 solution, the fungal biomass acquired AgNPs on its surface, inside the cytoplasmic membrane, and within the cytoplasm in 72 hours. UV was used to characterize the AgNPs that had been produced. For M.palmivorus MG717877.1, the greatest absorbance of AgNPs was recorded at 400nm in the visible spectrum. Furthermore, the FTIR and SEM analyses of silver nanoparticles on these fungus were used to characterize silver nanoparticles. In addition, we tested the antifungal activity of M.palmivorus MG717877.1 at various concentrations, including 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg/ml. The findings revealed that silver nanoparticles produced in a concentration-dependent manner have strong antifungal activity on isolates. At 150 mg of AgNPs, the highest decrease was seen for this isolate.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Allium cepa var. Aggregatum Natural Extract: Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Properties.

The chemical content of plant excerpts can be efficiently employed to reduce the metal ions to nanoparticles in the one-pot green production method. Here, green production of silver nanoparticles (AC-AgNPs) is performed by means of Allium cepa var. Aggregatum (shallot) extract as a stabilizer and reducer. The shape, size, and morphology of resultant AC-AgNPs are examined by optical spectroscopy analysis such as UV for nucleation and coalescence processes of the AC-AgNPs. Through FTIR functional group is determined and through DLS size is defined, it was confirmed that metallic AgNPs were successfully synthesized through the green synthesis route, and these results agreed well with the results obtained in the XRD pattern along with TEM spectroscopy, where the TEM images confirm the formation of sphere-like nanostructures along with SAED analysis. The chemical characterization is performed with XPS; the obtained molecular species in the materials are determined from the energy profile. Antioxidant activity of AC-AgNPs versus DPPH substrate is carried out. Antibacterial activity is well established against Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. Cell viability is accomplished, followed by an MTT assay, and a cytotoxicity assay of AC-AgNPs on MCF—7 cell lines is also carried out. Highlights: (1). This study highlights the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Allium cepa var. Aggregatum Natural Extract. (2). The synthesized AC-AgNPs were characterized by UV-VIS, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, and XPS. (3). The synthesized nanoparticles were well dispersed in nature and the size range of 35 ± 8 nm. (4). The anti-candidal activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated against the following Gram-Negative organisms: Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the following Gram-positive organisms: Staphylococcus aureus strains. The biosynthesized AC-AgNPs showed enhanced antiseptic features anti both Gram-positive and negative organisms. (5). Besides, the in vitro cytotoxic outcomes of AC-AgNPs were assessed versus MCF-7 cancerous cells, and the reduction in the feasibility of cancer cells was established via MTT assay, which suggests potential biomedical applications.

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles by atmospheric pressure plasma jet

Silver nanoparticles are one of the most extensively used metallic nanomaterials due to their unusual physical and chemical properties as well as their promising applications in a wide range of different fields. In this study, a non-thermal atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet was used to successfully synthesize silver nanoparticles with silver nitrate as a precursor and trisodium citrate as a capping agent. The browning of the solution after only 5 min of plasma irradiation is a result of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) from the obtained silver nanoparticles. The SPR was confirmed by the presence of an absorption band in the visible range between 400 and 450 nm demonstrated in the UV–vis spectra. The effect of different chemical parameters such as the concentration of silver nitrate and the concentration of citrate on the silver nanoparticles have been studied. These nanoparticles were further characterized using transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Therefore, the plasma jet was advantageous to fast produce silver nanoparticles in friendly conditions. In addition, the used experimental setup allows further studies in different solvents conditions and with different capping agents. So, this methodology could be useful for the preparation of silver nanoparticles required for numerous applications such as bioactivity, catalysis, surface enhanced Raman scattering, and photonic.

Effects of silver sulfide nanoparticles on the earthworm Eisenia andrei

The massive production and use of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have led to their increasing release into the environment. Even though the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of native nanoparticles have been well studied, the environmental impacts of transformation products such as silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S NPs) have not been elucidated. In the present study, we assessed the toxicity of Ag2S NPs and silver nitrate (AgNO3), as a source of Ag, to the earthworm Eisenia andrei using a nominal concentration of 5 mg Ag kg−1 soil. We used the OECD guidelines to assess effects on weight loss and mortality for 14 days. After exposure, we also extracted the immune effector cells (coelomocytes) and conducted a battery of biomarker tests. To ensure the quality of the toxicological results, the structural changes of NPs during the experiment and the uptake of silver by the earthworms were monitored. During the experiment, mortality effects were not detected, but a weight loss was observed in the earthworms exposed to Ag2S NPs. Altough Ag2S NPs were engulfed by E. andrei cells, neither phenoloxidase activity nor lipid peroxidation differed from the untreated control group. Cells from earthworms treated with Ag2S NPs exerted very broad value range of nitric oxide (NO) generation, suggesting an imbalance in the NO metabolism. Overall, this study suggests minimal risks associated with Ag2S NPs exposure to earthworms. However, further studies are needed to assure no immunotoxicological or chronic effects on a wider range of terrestrial organisms.

Potential Biomedical implications of bioactive pigment and silver nanoparticles produced by the actinobacteria Rhodococcus sp. NCIM 5126

Actinobacteria are potential producers of pigments. The objective of the present study was to extract bioactive pigments from Rhodococcus sp. (NCIM 5126). The actinobacterium produced orange-colored pigment in a liquid medium. Extraction of the pigment was done using ethyl acetate in a rotary evaporator. The pigments produced were analyzed by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, thin-layer chromatography and Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Thin-layer chromatography resulted in producing purified pigments with an Rf value of 0.813. The produced pigment was characterized by UV/Vis spectral studies with λmax at 210 nm. FTIR determines the presence of C-C conjugated double bond similar to carotenoid structure which mainly acts as a chromophore for light absorption. Effect of various parameters on production of pigment was carried out using OFAT for carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature and pH. The studies revealed that dextrose and peptone were the best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. The optimum temperature and pH were 30oC and 7.0 respectively. The extracted pigment possessed antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive (Bacillus cereus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and also showed the antioxidant property. The current report also demonstrates the extracellular production of silver nanoparticles using actinobacterium. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectral analysis with peak observation at 302 nm which confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles. These silver nanoparticles also demonstrated good antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive (Bacillus cereus NCIM-5391) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli NCIM-5258) bacteria. The nanoparticles tested did not show any antioxidant properties. Further, synthesized silver nanoparticles showed cytotoxic activity as demonstrated by the MTT assay.

Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nanocatalyst and their Antibacterial and Organic Pollutants Reduction Ability.

Plant-mediated nanoparticles are gaining popularity due to biologically active secondary metabolites that aid in green synthesis. This study describes a simple, environmentally friendly, dependable, and cost-effective production of silver nanoparticles utilizing Cucumis sativus and Aloe vera aqueous leaf extracts. The aqueous leaf extracts of Cucumis sativus and Aloe vera, which worked as a reducing and capping agent, were used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The formation of surface plasmon resonance peaks at 403 and 405 nm corresponds to the formation of colloidal Ag nanoparticles. Similarly, the Bragg reflection peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns observed at 2θ values of 38.01°, 43.98°, 64.24°, and 77.12° representing the planes of [111], [200], [220], and [311] correspond to the face-centered cubic crystal structure of silver nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms that bioactive chemicals are responsible for the capping of biogenic silver nanoparticles. The size, structure, and morphology of AgNPs with diameters ranging from 8 to 15 nm were examined using transmission electron microscopy. Water contamination by azo dyes and nitrophenols is becoming a more significant threat every day. The catalytic breakdown of organic azo dye methyl orange (MO) and the conversion of para-nitrophenol (PNP) into para-aminophenol using sodium borohydride was evaluated using the prepared biogenic nanoparticles. Our nanoparticles showed excellent reduction ability against PNP and MO with rate constants of 1.51 × 10–3 and 6.03 × 10–4s–1, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the nanomaterials was also tested against four bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. These biogenic AgNPs displayed effective catalytic and antibacterial characteristics by reducing MO and PNP and decreasing bacterial growth.

Development of EPS-rich herbal shampoo base fermented using Cyclea peltata leaf powder and Lactobacillus plantarum.

Studies show that the extensive use of chemical shampoos has a negative impact on health. Given the recent trends, the use of herbal shampoos is gaining importance. Cyclea peltata is a common plant in Kerala's coastal region that has traditionally been used to aid in wound healing, allergy relief, and hair and scalp improvement. Greenly produced silver nanoparticles made from plant sources have a wide range of medical applications. The main objective is to optimize the base of the shampoo with better solid content by OFAT studies and characterize the silver nanoparticles synthesized using post optimized shampoo base. Cyclea peltata leaves were fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum for the shampoo formulation, substituting the chemical basis gelatin with an herbal fermented foundation. Silver nanoparticles combined with an herbal formulation should be as safe as herbal shampoo while also being as effective as chemical shampoo. Variation of concentration of Cyclea peltata leaf powder, variation of sucrose concentration, variation of concentration of yeast extract, variation of L.plantarum inoculum, variation of temperature, variation of agitation speed, and variation of time were all studied using the OFAT (One Factor At a Time) method. Silver nanoparticles synthesized using post optimized shampoo bases were also characterized by particle size, zeta potential, and FTIR analysis in order to better understand their properties. The results clearly indicated that all the six factors had a significant effect on the growth and production of EPS. The pH considered for the shampoo base is above 5so as to maintain the acidic mantle of the scalp. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from post optimized shampoo base were obtained within 17th hour of incubation, with single surface plasmon resonance at 420nm. Nanoparticles showed a peak at -11.6mv of zeta potential which means that the particles are less agglomerative and stable. Similar groups were seen in ftir spectrum of fermented silver nanoparticles and the plant extract which confirmed the capping of nanoparticles with plant phytochemicals. The study successfully prepared and characterized green synthesized silver nanoparticles from post optimized shampoo base and also optimized the shampoo base based on the EPS production. Characterization of the silver nanoparticles found that the nanoparticles synthesized were stable, less agglomerative,and had several useful components present in it.

Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Acacia nilotica and their anticancer, antidiabetic and antioxidant efficacy

Both cancer and diabetes mellitus are serious health issues, accounting more than 11 million deaths worldwide annually. Targeted use of plant-mediated nanoparticles (NPs) in treatment of ailments has outstanding results due to their salient properties. The current study was designed to investigate the safe production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Acacia nilotica. Different concentrations of AgNO3 were tested to optimize the protocol for the synthesis of AgNPs from the bark extract. It was demonstrated that 0.1 M and 3 mM were found to be the optimum concentrations for the synthesis of AgNPs. Standard characterization techniques such as UV–vis spectrophotometry, SEM, SEM-EDX micrograph, spot analysis, elemental mapping and XRD were used for the conformation of biosynthesis of AgNPs. Absorption spectrum of plant-mediated AgNPs under UV–vis spectrophotometer showed a strong peak at 380 nm and 420 nm for AgNPs synthesized at 0.1 M and 3 mM concentration of salt. The SEM results showed that AgNPs were present in variable shapes within average particle size ranging from (20–50 nm). Anticancer, antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of green AgNPs was investigated and they showed promising results as compared to the positive and negative controls. Hence, AgNPs were found potent therapeutic agent against the human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2), strong inhibitor for α-glucosidase enzyme activity and scavenging agent against free radicals that cause oxidative stress. Further studies are however needed to confirm the molecular mechanism and biochemical reactions responsible for the anticancer and antidiabetic activities of the particles.

Preparation and characterization of acetylated starch mediated silver nanoparticles: The effect of solution ratio and time-varying exposure

Abstract Plastic packaging is widely used in food industry to protect and maintain food freshness. However, plastic packaging also contributes to solid waste problem and can become the contamination area of microbial activities which in turn affecting the shelf-life of the food product and may causing food-borne illness towards consumer. Thus, the demands on biodegradable polymer as plastic packaging has grown widely especially among the food industry. The employment of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can improve physical properties of biopolymer as well as promoting antimicrobial properties on the plastic packaging. The aim of this study is to synthesize of AgNPs by utilising acetylated starch (AS) as reducing agent with different parameters via microwave irradiation method. The effect of different ratio of acetylated starch and microwave time-varying exposure is evaluated. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized via UV-VIS spectroscopy (UV-VIS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. The absorbance peak emerges at 420nm on UV-VIS shows that silver nanoparticles is successfully produced. 15 minutes microwave time exposure and 1:1 ratio is identified as the optimum condition to produce silver nanoparticles. The peak emerges on FTIR spectra shows the involvement of starch in reduction process in synthesizing AgNPs. The XRD results shows the amorphous structure of starch and crystalline peak of silver appear in 2Θ regions 37.4°, 43.4°, 63.1° and 75.7°. In conclusion, the significant outcome from the study is the AgNPs were successfully synthesized via microwave irradiation method and be a function of time varying exposure and acetylated starch ratio.

Synthesis of zirconia-ceramic composite membrane employing a low-cost precursor and evaluation its performance for separation of microbially produced silver nanoparticles

In this research, the isolated bacterium Kocuria rhizophila BR-1 was used to produce extracellular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were separated by dead-end filtration method. Using electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size distribution (PSD) analysis, the synthesised AgNPs were observed to be spherical, with an average size of 48.23 nm and particle size ranging between 20 and 200 nm. The ceramic membrane support was made with low-cost precursors and coated with zirconia nanoparticles via spray pyrolysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area, contact angle, electron microscopy, particle size distribution, porosity, clean water permeability and average pore size was conducted to characterise the composite membrane (CM). The specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution of the prepared zirconia particles were measured to be 22.04 m2/g, 0.083 cm3/g, and 10.9 nm, respectively. The permeability, porosity, and pore size of membrane were 1.08 × 10−7 L/m2hPa, 30% and 100 nm, respectively. Using a coated membrane and a dead-end filtration, the AgNPs were separated from their aqueous solution at distinct pressures (69–345 kPa) and solute concentrations (0.3 g/L and 0.15 g/L). The permeate flow and AgNPs rejection, at 345 kPa transmembrane pressure and 0.3 g/L feed concentration, was found to be around 32.3 L/m2h and 45%, respectively. Our findings suggest that the ceramic membrane can be used to concentrate different metallic nanoparticles from its broth.

Mass Cytometry Exploration of Immunomodulatory Responses of Human Immune Cells Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles.

Increasing production and application of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have raised concerns on their possible adverse effects on human health. However, a comprehensive understanding of their effects on biological systems, especially immunomodulatory responses involving various immune cell types and biomolecules (e.g., cytokines and chemokines), is still incomplete. In this study, a single-cell-based, high-dimensional mass cytometry approach is used to investigate the immunomodulatory responses of Ag NPs using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) exposed to poly-vinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP)-coated Ag NPs of different core sizes (i.e., 10-, 20-, and 40-nm). Although there were no severe cytotoxic effects observed, PVPAg10 and PVPAg20 were excessively found in monocytes and dendritic cells, while PVPAg40 displayed more affinity with B cells and natural killer cells, thereby triggering the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-17A, IL-17F, MIP1β, TNFα, and IFNγ. Our findings indicate that under the exposure conditions tested in this study, Ag NPs only triggered the inflammatory responses in a size-dependent manner rather than induce cytotoxicity in hPBMCs. Our study provides an appropriate ex vivo model to better understand the human immune responses against Ag NP at a single-cell level, which can contribute to the development of targeted drug delivery, vaccine developments, and cancer radiotherapy treatments.

Kayısı Yaprak Özütü ile Sentezlenen Gümüş Nanopartiküllerin Antimikrobiyal Potansiyeli

Metallic nanoparticles are important substances in medicine. These particles could be prepared by various ways including green synthesis. The production of silver nanoparticles by plant extracts is widely used because of their environmentally friendly properties. In this study, silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by biological method and Apricot tree (Prunus armeniaca) leaf extract was used as reducing agent. The color change and formation of the characteristic absorption peak at 400-500 nm were the first indications of AgNP formation. XRD analysis showed the crystalline particles and obtained AgNPs were generally in spherical shape with the average particle size of 24 nm. Their antimicrobial activity studies against various pathogenic microorganisms showed that they have strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans were 0.125, 0.125 and 0.250 g/mL, respectively. The results confirmed that Prunus armeniaca leaf extract could be used to produce AgNPs with efficient antimicrobial activity.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by employing the Allium fistulosum, Tabernaemontana divaricate and Basella alba leaf extracts for antimicrobial applications

Nanoparticles produced from biological sources are gaining a lot of attention these days, and they have a wide spectrum of uses. The fact that it is both environmentally benignis the key reason for its widespread popularity. Our current study uses a green approach to describe the biological production and characterisation of silver nanoparticles made from a conventional leaf extract. The antibacterial and antidiabetic performance of silver nanoparticles prepared with plant extracts such as Tabernaemontana divaricate, Basella alba, and Allium fistulosum is also assessed in this study. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) was utilized to characterise the shape and morphology of produced silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles with sizes of 40 nm, 50 nm and 57 nm were observed to have a solid block-like, rod-like structure. AgNPs show bactericidal action towards both gram-positive and -negative microbes, according to in vitro investigations. Both antidiabetic and antioxidant activity suggest that silver nanoparticle has good ability to inhibit enzymes so it could act as alternative for the conventional drug.

Larvicidal Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Chitosan Nanoparticles Encapsulated Aloe vera Gel Extract against Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

Background:There is a worldwide interest in metal nanoparticles synthesized by various chemical reactions for use in biomedical applications. These processes exhibit a broad range of toxicity in non-target organisms. To avoid chemical toxicity, green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is proposed as a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative. Aloe vera (A. vera) leaf extract is a medicinal agent with multiple properties, including antibacterial effects. Its constituents include lignin, pectin and hemicellulose, which can be used in the reduction of silver ions to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).Objective:The study aimed at the use of naturally occurring compounds as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles and investigation of the insecticidal activity of these compounds against Musca domestica (M. domestica) larvae.Methods:Phytochemical analysis of A. vera gel extract was done and the phytochemical components were identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. AgNPs and encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles (CsNPs) were prepared by an eco-friendly method using A. vera gel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. A. vera-AgNPs and A. vera encapsulated CsNPs were characterized using Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV–vis spectrum), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Then the insecticidal activity of these compounds was investigated against late second instar larvae of the house fly.Results:The most active ingredients identified by GC-MS analysis were Terpene and Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical with an average size of about 12-75 nm, as revealed by TEM. While encapsulated CsNPs ranged between 34-75 nm and the shape seemed spherical with dark parts confirming the encapsulated plant extract. FTIR and XRD results confirmed the successful encapsulation of the gel extract within the chitosan nanoparticles. Results proved the insecticidal potential of the tested compounds against M. domestica larvae, and the relative potency of encapsulated CsNPs was nearly 148.51 times more potent than A. vera crude extract whereas AgNPs was nearly 40.65 times more potent than A. vera crude extract. Furthermore, a prolongation of larval duration and reduction in the percentage pupation and adult emergence were observed.Conclusion:Overall, green-synthesized silver and chitosan nanoparticles have the potential for application as a biopesticide for house fly population control through the use of a safer and costeffective approach.

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticle using Cissus quadrangularis extract and its invitro study

ObjectiveGreen synthesis of metallic and metal oxide nanomaterial has received significant importance in various fields. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was performed using aqueous extracts of Cissus quadrangularis. Aqueous extracts of plants plays a major role to reduce the silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles and also aid as surface stabilizing material for silver nanoparticles production. MethodsThe synthesized nanoparticles was monitored by physicochemical techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, Uv–Vis, and SEM. Anti-arthritic activity of silver nanoparticles was examined by Egg albumin denaturation and albumin (BSA) denaturation method. ResultsXRD, FT-IR and Uv–Vis spectrum confirms crystalline nature of silver nanoparticles. SEM images show the spherical shape of the nanoparticles. Egg albumin denaturation method results revealed 81% inhibition and bovine serum albumin method shows 85% inhibition than standard drug. ConclusionIt confirms that, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles would be useful in promoting research aiming at the development of new agent for arthritis applications. Hence, the utilization of natural harmless materials like plant extracts for nanoparticles synthesis offers various advantages like eco-friendliness and compatibility for drug and biomedical applications.

Silver Nanoparticle Production Mediated by Vitis vinifera Cane Extract: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation.

The ever-growing range of possible applications of nanoparticles requires their mass production. However, there are problems resulting from the prevalent methods of nanoparticle production; physico-chemical routes of nanoparticle synthesis are not very environmentally friendly nor cost-effective. Due to this, the scientific community started exploring new methods of nanoparticle assembly with the aid of biological agents. In this study, ethanolic Vitis vinifera cane extract combined with silver nitrate was used to produce silver nanoparticles. These were subsequently characterized using UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light-scattering analysis. The antimicrobial activity of produced nanoparticles was tested against the planktonic cells of five strains of Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1, ATCC 10145, ATCC 15442, DBM 3081, and DBM 3777). After that, bactericidal activity was assessed using solid medium cultivation. In the end, nanoparticles’ inhibitory effect on adhering cells was analyzed by measuring changes in metabolic activity (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay-MTT). Our results confirmed that ethanolic Vitis vinifera cane extract is capable of mediating silver nanoparticle production; synthesis was conducted using 10% of extract and 1 mM of silver nitrate. The silver nanoparticles’ Z-average was 68.2 d nm, and their zeta potential was –30.4 mV. These silver nanoparticles effectively inhibited planktonic cells of all P. aeruginosa strains in concentrations less than 5% v/v and inhibited biofilm formation in concentrations less than 6% v/v. Moreover, minimum bactericidal concentration was observed to be in the range of 10–16% v/v. According to the results in this study, the use of wine agriculture waste is an ecological and economical method for the production of silver nanoparticles exhibiting significant antimicrobial properties.

Antibacterial textiles which impregnated silver nanoparticles prepared via green synthesis by Fusarium oxysporum BNT-02

Silver nanoparticles can be prepared by using a microorganism. The objectives of the study were to determine the ability of Fusarium oxysporum BNT-02 in reducing silver nitrate solution to silver nanoparticles, to evaluate the effect of variations in treatment of textile materials toward antibacterial activity of textile materials impregnated with silver nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25924 and Escherichia coli ATCC 35218. In this study, silver nanoparticle were obtained by reducing the AgNO3 solution by F.oxysporum BNT-02. Coating of silver nanoparticles on textile materials was carried out by inserting sterile textile material into silver nanoparticle and shaking then drying. The textile material modified with silver nanoparticles was characterized for antibacterial activity against S.aureus ATCC 25924 and E.coli ATCC 35218. The inhibition zone to determine antibacterial activity was observed every 6 hours for 48 hours of incubation time. The inhibition zone data was analyzed using ANCOVA and t-test. The results showed that F.oxysporum BNT-02 can be used as a reducing agent for producing silver nanoparticles. The textile material coated with silver nanoparticles had antibacterial properties against S. aureus ATCC 25924 and E. coli ATCC 35218. Antibacterial activity of textile materials coated with silver nanoparticles on S.aureus ATCC 25924 showed a larger inhibition zone than E.coli ATCC 35218.

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Multishaped Crystalline Silver Nanoparticles Using Hill Garlic Extract and Their Potential Application as an Antifungal Agent

Antimicrobial resistance is a global health challenge, and the large loads of biocides dumped into the environment augment the spread of antifungal resistance and environmental contamination. Therefore, eco-friendly antifungal agents must be developed to combat antibiotic resistance and to reduce environmental contamination. In the present investigation, Allium sativum (Hill garlic-Malai Poondu) extract was used as a green resource to achieve silver nanoparticle (AgNP) production. AgNPs were characterized by various spectral and microscopic analyses. In vitro free radical scavenging assays were instigated to determine the antioxidant capacity of the AgNPs, and the antifungal activity was assessed using Agar well-diffusion assay again pathogenic fungal strains. The mean particle size of the AgNPs was calculated as 35.1 nm with face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. AgNPs exhibited free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals. Scavenging of DPPH radicals by AgNPs was impressive, and an IC50 value of 6.3 ± 0.4 μg/ml was obtained in this assay. Among the tested Candida strains, the order of the least susceptibility on exposure to AgNPs synthesized using Hill garlic extract was as follows: C . g l a b r a t a ≤ C . t r o p i c a l i s ≤ C . p a r a p s i l o s i s ≤ C . k r u s e i ≤ C . a l b i c a n s . The study highlights the synthesis of environment-friendly nanoparticles using Hill garlic extract with enhanced antifungal properties.