Production Of Electronic Equipment Research Articles

The potential contribution of food wastage reductions driven by information technology on reductions of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in Japan

This study focused on Japan and analyzed the impacts of food wastage reduction (FWR) driven by information technology (IT) on energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Our analysis based on an input-output (I-O) table for 2011 shows that if 50% of the food wastage in Sectors F (fruit and vegetable cultivation), I (food industries), and M (households) is reduced, production in many related sectors (such as crop cultivation, animal husbandry and fisheries, fertilizer and agrochemical production, waste treatment, and household consumption) will decrease. However, computer and electronic information and communication equipment manufacturing, and information services sectors exhibit increased production. As a result, energy consumption and GHG emissions in Japan will fall by 0.04–0.08 EJ/yr (0.2–0.4% of the primary energy supply in Japan in 2011) and 5.6–7.8 million tons of CO2-eq/yr (0.4–0.6% of GHG emissions), respectively. Furthermore, the results suggest that FWRs in Sector M (based on software applications for food wastage monitoring) and FWRs in Sector I (based on IT applications, such as advanced demand predictions using weather forecasts and point-of-sale data and meal reservations) will lead to GHG emission reductions in Japan at reduced costs compared to FWRs in Sectors F (from online sales of substandard fruits and vegetables). Therefore, these improvements can lead to significant GHG emission reductions in Japan.

Immediate return in circular economy: Business to consumer product return information sharing framework to support sustainable manufacturing in small and medium enterprises

SME manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment seem to have high e-waste levels, which is inhibiting SMEs manufacturers in becoming more sustainable. On the other hand, consumers play a major role in enabling the SMEs manufacturers to achieve their sustainability targets as they are responsible for returning their e-waste back to SMEs. Based on the concepts of social marketing theory, this paper aims to examine the type of information that influences consumers’ intention to immediately return their e-waste back to SME manufacturers. A conceptual framework is developed and tested through a survey questionnaire to 394 Malaysian consumers. The relationship of the proposed types of information and information presentation towards consumers’ immediate return attitude, as well as environmental motivation and environmental knowledge as the moderators in consumers’ segmentation are tested. The findings suggest that specific type of return information and message framing have a positive effect on Immediate Return Intention.

Do the Main Developers of Electrical and Electronic Equipment Comply with the Precepts of the Circular Economy Concepts? A Patent-Based Approach

The unceasing demand for electronic equipment has led to numerous problems, such as environmental damage and raw material shortages. The adoption of circular production chains and the precepts of the circular economy when designing electronic equipment could minimize these problems by fostering the reuse of resources without loss of quality or value. The scientific literature has many studies on the importance of circular production, but there are no data to demonstrate whether the scientific information produced on the circular economy and circular production is being taken up by industry. This study analyzes whether patent applications for inventions applicable to the production of electronic equipment meet the precepts of the circular economy. To this end, a study of patent documents was conducted. A total of 3638 documents were retrieved. Their analysis revealed that the technologies developed by the leading patent applicants and manufacturers are mainly from the first link in the production chain, materials, and components. The solutions proposed tend to be geared toward equipment efficiency and reduced energy consumption, which may indirectly increase the equipment’s useful life and save energy. Despite the existence of laws and research highlighting the importance of feeding used materials back into the production process, the developers of electronic equipment have not yet turned their attention to the recycling and retrieval of materials for their use as inputs for new components.

Three non-metallic carbon materials with comparable electrical conductivity to metals

Carbon materials with metallic properties are very worthy of research because they possess electrical and thermal conductivity and huge application potential in the manufacturing of electronic equipment, aviation, and industry. By means of first-principles calculations, three metallic carbon allotropes with outstanding physical characteristics were designed in this work. These three carbon phases, denoted as mP20, mP22 and mP24 carbon, contain 20, 22, and 24 carbon atoms in each unit cell, respectively. The relevant enthalpies of mP20, mP22 and mP24 carbon are more favorable than those of P4mmm C24, TY‑carbon and T‑carbon. In addition, the electronic band structures indicate that mP20, mP22 and mP24 carbon are all metallic. Furthermore, their band decomposed charge density also proves that these three carbon materials can conduct electricity in the [001] direction. More interestingly, the electrical conductivities of mP22 and mP24 in the [001] direction are comparable to those of metallic Pt at the same reference temperature of 300 K. The X-ray diffraction patterns have been studied and can be used for future experimental verification.

Does High-Tech Industry Agglomeration Promote Its Export Product Upgrading?—Based on the Perspective of Innovation and Openness

Based on the inter-provincial high-tech industry panel data from 2010 to 2016 in China, this study constructs static and dynamic panel models, respectively, to study the relationship between high-tech industry agglomeration and high-tech export product upgrading, and makes an in-depth discussion on open innovation to achieve sustainable development through industry agglomeration. This paper studies and tests the transmission mechanism between high-tech industrial agglomeration and export product upgrading, which makes up for the research gap in industry agglomeration. The results show that: (1) China’s high-tech industry agglomeration has a significant positive effect on its export industry product upgrading. (2) Regional education has a significant positive effect on the high-tech industry’s export product upgrading, and the influence of high-tech industry agglomeration on export product upgrading is negatively regulated by regional education. (3) From the perspective of influence mechanism, high-tech industry agglomeration has a positive effect on high-tech export product upgrading mediated by innovation and openness (open innovation), and then affects the sustainable development of a regional economy. (4) The high-tech industry agglomeration has a heterogeneous effect in promoting their export products; in terms of scale, the promotion effect is more significant in the large enterprises than small- and medium-sized enterprises; in terms of region, the eastern and western regions have a more significant role in promoting export product upgrading; in terms of industries, the electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry has the most obvious promotion effect. Based on the research results, this study puts forward policy suggestions such as increasing investment in high-tech industries, strengthening the degree of opening to the outside world, encouraging enterprise innovation, and promoting balanced development of the industry.

An overview study on management and implementation of WEEE in China.

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) which contains various valuable and harmful materials is an inevitable waste in modern society. In order to resolve the pollution problems associated with WEEE treatment, a WEEE management system has been established in China. The main role of importers and manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) is to pay the treatment fees to facilitate the WEEE recycling in China. The announced treatment and subsidy fee is given by set, not by the weight of WEEE. There is no lesser green treatment fee for the producers which can produce environmentally friendly EEE in China. Also, the recovery of refrigerants from the foaming agent of refrigerators is not required in China. In total, 45 million sets of recycled WEEE were certified in 2020, a year that contains the most updated data. Among them, 48%, 14%, 20%, 10% and 8% are for TV, refrigerator, washing machine, computer and air conditioners, respectively. The spatial analysis indicates that the WEEE recycling activities are mainly concentrated on the mid-east and east regions of China. It also can be concluded that the certified amount of each province has higher positive correlation with provincial population than provincial GDP per capita and green recovery rate. It also clearly notes that the amount of recycled air conditioner is the lowest for each province. Thus, more effort should be conducted to increase the recycling of scrapped air conditioner in China.

Straight assembly line balancing by workload smoothing: new results

Abstract Assembly line balancing by workload smoothing is very common; it aims to appropriately assign tasks to the stations of an assembly line, to ensure as similar as possible workloads for the stations. A shortcoming of the mathematical models developed in the literature is the optimization of workload smoothing when only all potential stations are considered. Therefore, the obtained solution may not be the global optimal solution and also may not be effective for real world cases. To overcome this shortcoming, some new workload smoothing criteria and their related mixed integer linear mathematical models are developed for three different settings: (1) workload smoothing optimization, when all potential stations are considered, (2) workload smoothing and minimization of the number of stations are optimized simultaneously, (3) global workload smoothing optimization regardless of the number of considered stations. The proposed formulations are associated with fewer variables and constraints compared with models previously presented in the literature and lead to better results according to an extensive numerical study. The proposed models can be applied in practice for designing the assembly lines of, inter alia, automobile and electronic equipment production systems.

Path Selection and Optimization of Chinese Manufacturing Industry Participating in Global Value Chain Reconstruction

This paper focuses on the path of China’s participation in global value chain reconstruction and concludes three ways to reconstruct the global value chain: embedding in the global value chain, reconstructing the national value chain, and leading the regional value chain. Based on the value-added accounting system and the latest statistics of the TiVA database, we construct an index system for the path selection of global value chain reconstruction and put forward a more suitable path for different manufacturing industries in China. According to the VRCA index and ranking of each type of manufacturing industry, our study concludes that: transportation equipment manufacturing tends to embed in global value chains; textiles, clothing, leather, and related manufacturing; wood products, paper products, and printing; chemical and non-metallic mineral products; base metals and metal products; computer, electronic, and electrical equipment manufacturing; machinery and equipment manufacturing; and other manufacturing industries tend to dominate the regional value chains; and food and beverage manufacturing and tobacco industries tend to restructure national value chains. Finally, our paper gives suggestions and prospects for path upgrading; promoting the integrated development of e-commerce and the manufacturing industry can enhance the competitive advantages of China’s manufacturing industry and achieve path upgrading and optimization. Furthermore, the two-way nesting of the “Belt and Road” regional value chain and global value chain can help China’s manufacturing industry eliminate the dilemma of low-end lock-in and upgrade from the original low-end dependent embedding mode to the middle high-end hub embedding mode.

Value Chain and Technology-Based Complexity Analysis of China’s Manufacturing Exports

In recent years, China’s manufacturing industry has developed rapidly, but numerous studies have shown that China is not a manufacturing powerhouse. In recent years, the division of labor in global value chains has been booming, and the Chinese manufacturing industry has been actively integrated into it with its labor cost advantage and achieved rapid development. There is an urgent need to transform and upgrade to high value-added links in the value chain. This paper measures the upstream degree of China’s manufacturing industry through the world input-output table and uses it as an indicator to measure the global value chain status, focusing on the heterogeneous impact of different types of productive services on the upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry’s global value chain status. This study examines the impact of global value chain boundary lessness and institutional quality on the technological complexity of China’s equipment manufacturing exports, using panel data of six types of Chinese equipment manufacturing industries from 2007 to 2018 as a sample. The findings show that intermediate manufactured goods from intermediate imports and intermediate products from developing economies make the strongest contribution to imported intermediate manufactured goods from developing economies. By industry, the impact areas of Graph Visualization (GV) embedding and institutional quality are different. GV embedding has a stronger contribution to the manufacturing of communication, computer, and other electronic equipment, while institutional quality has a stronger contribution to the manufacturing of special office machinery, and the interaction between the two is the same as that of institutional quality.

Analysis on the innovation efficiency of China's electronic and communication equipment industry

The development of electronic and communication equipment industry is the driving force of economic growth, and innovation is the basic motivation for the development of electronic and communication equipment industry. The evaluation of innovation efficiency of electronic and communication equipment industry (IEEC) is conducive to economic growth and better development of electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry. The existing researches mainly focus on the efficiency evaluation of high-tech industry, and there is few study on the IEEC. To fill the gap, based on DDF model and Global-Malmquist index, this paper estimates the IEEC in 20 provinces of China from 2009 to 2018. The results show that: (1) From the perspective of time dimension, China's IEEC shows an overall growth trend in the past decade from 2009 to 2018. (2) From the regional perspective, IEEC exists differences among regions. Under the meta-frontier and group frontier, the value of IEEC in the central region is higher than the value of IEEC in the eastern region and western region. (3) From the decomposition index, the growth of IEEC depends more on technological progress, rather than efficiency improvement. Combined with the above conclusions, some policy implications are proposed.

Laser-Engraved Liquid Metal Circuit for Wearable Electronics.

Conventional patterning methods for producing liquid metal (LM) electronic circuits, such as the template method, use chemical etching, which requires long cycle times, high costs, and multiple-step operations. In this study, a novel and reliable laser engraving micro-fabrication technology was introduced, which was used to fabricate personalized patterns of LM electronic circuits. First, by digitizing the pattern, a laser printing technology was used to burn a polyethylene (PE) film, where a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or paper substrate was used to produce grooves. Then, the grooves were filled with LM and the PE film was removed; finally, the metal was packaged with PDMS film. The experimental results showed that the prepared LM could fabricate precise patterned electronic circuits, such as golden serpentine curves and Peano curves. The minimum width and height of the LM circuit were 253 μm and 200 μm, respectively, whereas the printed LM circuit on paper reached a minimum height of 26 μm. This LM flexible circuit could also be adapted to various sensor devices and was successfully applied to heart rate detection. Laser engraving micro-processing technologies could be used to customize various high-resolution LM circuit patterns in a short time, and have broad prospects in the manufacture of flexible electronic equipment.

Study on Measurement of Collaborative Innovation Development of Electronic and Communication Equipment Manufacturing Industry and Its Influencing Factors in Yangtze River Delta

Collaborative innovation is a new paradigm of innovation and development. It promotes the integration of complementary resources and improves the innovation ability by playing the national will. Electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry is the foundation and core industry of modern information technology, which is the pillar industry of our country. It plays the role of economic multiplier in every application field by supporting the development of other industries. Among them, the Yangtze River Delta is the leader of China’s electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry, accounting for half of the country’s industrial scale. Therefore, this research takes the electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta region as the research object, based on the research results of domestic and foreign scholars, and the shortcomings of previous studies as the breakthrough point, and uses the literature analysis method and empirical analysis method to analyze its collaborative innovation. First of all, this research makes a quantitative analysis of the innovation status of the electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta from the perspective of innovation input and output. Then, according to the relevant data of the Yangtze River Delta’s electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2019, the order degree of the innovation subsystem and the coordination degree of the whole innovation system of the Yangtze River Delta’s electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry are calculated by using the composite system coordination degree model, and these are taken as the explained variables; This research analyzes the influence of government, market, innovation and economy on the development of collaborative innovation, uses unit root test, co-integration test and other methods to test the index data, and makes regression analysis. Finally, the research summarizes the current situation, the measurement of synergy degree and the analysis of the influencing factors, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions.

Environmental awareness factor of used cell phones

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Electronic equipment production is one of the major industrial sectors in Indonesia, as it also contributes to Indonesia’s export commodities, which increase because of rapid technological developments. Cell phones, which have considerable potential to become electronic waste, recorded the enormous escalation in electronic production. This research aimed to increase community involvement and the collection of used cell phones from households in e-waste management in Indonesia. A survey was conducted to explore a household’s environmental awareness and willingness to recycle based on sociodemographics, environmental hazard awareness, and used cell phone usage in Jabodetabek, Indonesia.METHODS: In this research, a peer questionnaire was used and organized into five sections: The first section contained the sociodemographic details of the respondents. The second section comprised multiple concerns that relate to recycling and environmental awareness. The third section contained the family cell phone information. The fourth section determined the cell phone consumer behavior. The fifth section consisted of willingness to recycle. Statistical correlations between variables were assessed, and the chi-square independence test was used to evaluate the statistical correlations. FINDINGS: Mostly the households will replace their used cell phone if there is damage (66.84%) and keep the used cell phone at home (59.5%), thus becoming an obstacle in applying the appropriate recycling system and a circular economy. The average cell phone ownership in Jabodetabek is 1.28 units, and the average cell phone life span of people in Jabodetabek is 2.6 years. The Environmental Hazard Awareness variable has significant differences with occupation and income level (p-value = 0.028 and 0.046), Used Cellphone Usage variable has significant differences with the income level variable (p-value = 0.024). The others, a statistically significant difference between sociodemographic variable and Willingness to Recycle was observed; p-value = 0.003 for age and p-value = 0.034 for occupation. CONCLUSION: This paper showed that Environmental Hazard Awareness and Willingness to Recycle have an important role in increasing the collection of used cell phones from households. . This study assessed community-based factors located in urban areas. The factors could encourage their participation in collection activities, obtain information on the preferred collection channels of residents, and provide a perspective for managing cell phones through an analysis of the improvements and influences of Indonesia’s current e-waste recycling program. Therefore, to develop a new strategy, the findings of this study can provide insights into the e-waste problem and citizen’s awareness of e-waste management.

Examining embodied carbon emission flow relationships among different industrial sectors in China

Similar to the carbon transfer among regions and countries, the embodied carbon emissions among industries also have serious carbon leakage problems. It is important to determine the embodied carbon flow relationships among industrial sectors, to clarify the responsibilities of each sector, and to adjust the sectoral structure accordingly. Given that, an embodied carbon emission flow relationships network among industrial sectors (ECEFRN) is developed in this paper. In detail, an environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) model is applied to quantitatively estimate the embodied carbon emission flow relationships among industrial sectors in China. The roles and functions of each industrial sector in the network and the evolution characteristics of the embodied carbon emission flow relationships are determined by the social network analysis (SNA) method. Results show that ECEFRN has the small-world characteristics, and key industrial sectors in the network are identified based on the analysis of degree centrality and betweenness centrality. During the study period, in the ECEFRN, “Processing of petroleum, coking, and nuclear fuel”, “Smelting and pressing of metals”, “Production and supply of electricity and heat” are important “suppliers”. “Construction”, “Other service” and “Manufacture of transport equipment” are important “importers”. “Manufacture of foods and tobacco”, “Manufacture of transport equipment”, “Manufacture of computers, communication and other electronic equipment” are important “intermediaries”. Based on the aforementioned research results, this paper proposes corresponding policy suggestions. Network-based research has contributed more insights to the understanding of carbon emission reduction responsibilities among industrial sectors. These findings will provide certain theoretical support and policy references for policymakers when formulating policies for carbon emission reduction and industrial structure adjustment.

Эконометрический анализ влияния монетарной политики на отрасли российской промышленности

This paper presents the econometric analysis of the heterogenous effects of monetary policy on industrial output and producer prices in manufacturing sector in Russia. The estimation of the differences in the impulce responses to the interest rate shock is conducted using structural VAR-models, the analysis of key industrial characteristics, explaining differences through monetary transmission channes, is based on principal components and correlations. Our findings reveal the strongest response to monetary policy in such industries as manufacture of rubber and plastic products, manufacture of non-metallic mineral products, manufacture of pulp and paper, manufacture of machinery nd equipment, manufacture of electrical, electronic and optical equipment and manufacture of motor vehicles and equipment. Besides, in these industries the response is usually deffered to 2–3 months after the shock. Our findings also show that the impact of monetary shocks on output is particulary strong in industries producing capital goods and supplies for construction but particularly weak in industries with high concentration and high profits. That means that differences in industrial responses to monetary policy can be described by two key channels of monetary transmission — interest rate channel (due to high demand sensitivity to interest rate changes) and bank lending channel (due to important role of bank loans in fi rms’ financing).

Evaluation of Manufacturing Innovation Performance in Wuhan City Circle Based on DEA‐BCC Model and DEA‐Malmquist Index Method

The innovation performance of the manufacturing industry in the Wuhan city circle is evaluated based on the relevant data from 2018 to 2020 in 9 cities of Hubei Province within the Wuhan city circle using the DEA‐BCC model, the DEA‐Malmquist index method, and the location quotient method. This article measures the agglomeration level of innovation elements in the Wuhan city circle, constructs a performance evaluation index system including two input indicators: R&D expenditure and R&D personnel, and two output indicators: new product sales revenue and number of patent applications; evaluates the innovation performance of 27 manufacturing industries in the Wuhan city circle from five aspects: technical efficiency change (effch), technical progress change (techch), pure technical efficiency change (pech), scale efficiency change (sech), and total factor productivity change (tfpch), and compares and analyzes the innovation performance of Wuhan, Xianning, Xiantao, and Tianmen using the DEA‐BCC model and DEAP 2.1. The results show that the agglomeration level of talent elements in the Wuhan city circle is between 0.24 and 1.75, and the agglomeration level of capital elements is between 0.23 and 1.52. The differences between regions are obvious, the degree of coordination is low, and the radiation effect of Wuhan is insufficient. The average value of technological progress is 1.274, which is vital to enhance the innovation performance of the Wuhan manufacturing industry. The technical efficiency dropped by 65%, but the total factor productivity fell only 13%, indicating that the technical efficiency value is not the main factor affecting the innovation performance of Wuhan. The innovation performance of high‐tech and high‐value‐added industries such as computer, communication, and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries is relatively high, while the innovation performance of low‐tech and low‐value‐added industries such as agricultural and sideline food processing industry and textile industry is relatively low. The innovation performance of Xianning, Xiantao, and Tianmen is higher, while the relative technological inefficiency caused by the low‐scale efficiency value adversely affects the innovation performance of Wuhan. The results indicate that increasing the scale of manufacturing innovation investment can effectively enhance the innovation performance of the Wuhan city circle manufacturing industry.

A Methodical Approach to Job Analysis in A Typical Indian Manufacturing Organization

Job analysis is an important process that can help organizations to improve a variety function that are performed. The method that can be adopted for job analysis varies from simple qualitative technique to detailed quantitative one. Whereas theoretical concepts provide inputs on all these techniques, in practice, many of the detailed methods are either not adopted or used only remotely in most of the organizations. The paper deals with a practical case of an electronic equipment manufacturing organization depicting the process of job analysis through work break-down structure and ranking of the job elements.

Deploying Big Data Enablers to Strengthen Supply Chain Agility to Mitigate Bullwhip Effect: An Empirical Study of China’s Electronic Manufacturers

With the development of economic globalization, the uncertainty of supply chains is also increasing, and alleviating the bullwhip effect has become an important issue. From previous discussions on alleviating the bullwhip effect, there was no research on alleviating it by enhancing supply chain agility through improving big data. Moreover, it has not been found that quality function deployment is used to analyze the interdependence between big data and supply chain agility, as well as between supply chain agility and the bullwhip effect. In particular, the interaction of bullwhip effect factors are not considered. In this study, the multicriteria decision-making integrated framework is proposed and the largest relay manufacturer in China is taken to identify key big data enablers to enhance supply chain agility and mitigate the bullwhip effect, thus providing an effective method for electronic equipment manufacturing enterprises to develop a supply chain that can quickly respond to changes and uncertainties. These big data enablers can enhance supply chain agility and reduce the bullwhip effect. This framework provides an effective method for electronic manufacturers to formulate supply chain agility indicators and big data enablers to mitigate the bullwhip effect and also provides a reference for other manufacturing enterprises in supply chain management.

Critical Factors and their Correlation Affecting Green Industry Performance: Evidences from Small and Medium Enterprises

Large companies have achieved excellent progress toward green production while small and medium enterprises (SMEs) showed limited progress. This research aims to investigate key factors affect different stages of enhancing green industry implementation particularly in SMEs. This study conducted a systematic analysis to offer recommendations to unlock the inhibitors of the green industry. The electronic products and electrical equipment manufacturing industry in Thailand was chosen as a case study. Questionnaires is the main approaches to collect primary data from SMEs. The structural equation model is developed to examine correlation and the degree of influencing factors. The model indicated that the latent factors’ influence on the decision-making of SMEs in applying the green industry reflected by the influence of eighteen observable variables and it suggests that the external contexts from stakeholder have a greater influence on the decision-making than the internal context as organizational resources and capabilities. Whereas the level of certification conform with green industry criteria has minor correlation with the decision-making of SMEs. Innovative policy strategy is recommended to create synergy between incentive-based instruments in term of product charges or product tax, subsidies and voluntary measure as product certification are recommended tools to enhance green industry adoption by SMEs.

Real-Time High-Performance Laser Welding Defect Detection by Combining ACGAN-Based Data Enhancement and Multi-Model Fusion.

Most of the existing laser welding process monitoring technologies focus on the detection of post-engineering defects, but in the mass production of electronic equipment, such as laser welding metal plates, the real-time identification of defect detection has more important practical significance. The data set of laser welding process is often difficult to build and there is not enough experimental data, which hinder the applications of the data-driven laser welding defect detection method. In this paper, an intelligent welding defect diagnosis method based on auxiliary classifier generative adversarial networks (ACGAN) has been proposed. Firstly, a ten-class dataset consisting of 6467 samples, was constructed, which originate from the optical and thermal sensory parameters in the welding process. A new structured ACGAN network model is proposed to generate fake data similar to the true defect feature distributions. In addition, in order to make the difference between different defects categories more obvious after data expansion, a data filtering and data purification scheme was proposed based on ensemble learning and an SVM (support vector machine), which is used to filter the bad generated data. In the experiments, the classification accuracy can reach 96.83% and 85.13%, for the CNN (convolutional neural network) algorithm model and ACGAN model, respectively. However, the accuracy can further improve to 97.86% and 98.37% for the fusion models of ACGAN-CNN and ACGAN-SVM-CNN models, respectively. The results show that ACGAN can not only be used as an algorithm model for classification, but also be used to achieve superior real-time classification and recognition through data enhancement and multi-model fusion.