Different Kinds Of Products Research Articles

The siren song of aesthetics? Domain differences and creativity in engineering and design

For many years, researchers have debated the role of “domain” in creativity. Opinion remains divided, but a common view is that creativity is a combination of domain-general elements, coupled with domain-specific manifestations, usually in the form of different kinds of products. Discussions of domains and creativity frequently take place in very broad, thematic terms, differentiating only between Arts and Sciences, with less attention given to differences within domains. The goal of this paper is to explore a single technological domain, studying differences between the micro-domains of Engineering and Industrial Design. Do engineers and industrial designers differ when evaluating the creativity of products? If they differ, what might be the underlying drivers of these differences? Contrary to expectations, not only were there significant differences between these groups, but evidence presented in this study suggests that engineers have difficulty differentiating between aesthetics and functionality, as components of product creativity, in contrast to industrial designers, who seem to possess a more discriminating eye.

A novel rule based machine translation scheme from Greek to Greek Sign Language: Production of different types of large corpora and Language Models evaluation

One of the aims of assistive technologies is to help people with disabilities to communicate with others and to provide means of access to information. As an aid to Deaf people, in this work we present a novel prototype Rule Based Machine Translation (RBMT) system for the creation of large and quality written Greek Sign Language (GSL) glossed corpora from Greek text. In particular, the proposed RBMT system assists the professional GSL translator in speeding up the production of different kinds of GSL glossed corpora. Then each glossed corpus is used for the production/creation of Language Model (LM) n-grams. With the GSL glossed corpus from Greek text, we can build, test and evaluate different kinds of Language Models for different kinds of glossed GSL corpora. Here, it should be noted that it does not require grammar knowledge of GSL but only very basic GSL phenomena covered by manual RBMT rules as it assists the professional human translator. Furthermore, it should also be stressed that Language Models for written GSL gloss are missing from the scientific literature, thus this work is pioneer in this field. Evaluation of the proposed scheme is carried out for the weather reports domain, where 20,284 tokens and 1000 sentences have been produced. By using the BiLingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) metric score, our prototype RBMT system achieves a relative score of 0.84 (84%) for 4-grams and 0.9 (90%) for 1-grams.

Narratives of biorefinery innovation for the bioeconomy: Conflict, consensus or confusion?

Transition narratives are stories promoting particular pathways for development, promoting specific actions, strategies, and interventions to enable certain outcomes in socio-technical transitions. Narratives centered around biorefineries take a significant role in the growing bioeconomy discourse, yet they express remarkably different visions for the transition. The paper uses Q methodology to identify and analyse transition narratives related to biorefinery innovation, their domains of conflict and consensus, and implications for alternative pathways of development. The analysis shows that the narratives are divided on three aspects: the significance of different kinds of products, the importance of generating new or applying current knowledge, and the need for a comprehensive agenda of state interventions to support a transition towards a bioeconomy. Pathways to very different bioeconomies are indeed open, but policy should remain attentive to the existing conflicts and not presume consensus among actors who claim to support innovation for a bioeconomy.

Coffee Landscapes: Specialty Coffee, Terroir, and Traceability in Costa Rica

AbstractCoffee with the right traits can command impressive prices in the specialty coffee market. While much of the attention to terroir—the taste of place—in coffee has focused on region, the details of place matter too. For farmers, paying attention to the details of coffee landscapes is important to create the distinctive flavors prized in these markets. This article explores how farmers in the Tarrazú coffee region of Costa Rica use systems of traceability based on details of the landscape and the coffee that grows in it to create coffee that “tastes of something.” Instead of seeing traceability and terroir as different kinds of production with different logic, these farmers see traceability as a key piece of terroir‐based high‐value production.

A Cloud-Based System for Improving Retention Marketing Loyalty Programs in Industry 4.0: A Study on Big Data Storage Implications

Nowadays, the growing global economy and demand for customized products are bringing the manufacturing industry from a sellers’ market toward a buyers’ market. In this context, the smart manufacturing enabled by Industry 4.0 is changing the whole production cycle of companies specialized on different kinds of products. On one hand, the advent of cloud computing and social media makes the customers’ experience more and more inclusive, whereas on the other hand cyber-physical system technologies help industries to change in real time the cycle of production according to customers’ needs. In this context, “retention” marketing strategies aimed not only at the acquisition of new customers but also at the profitability of existing ones allow industries to apply specific production strategies so as to maximize their revenues. This is possible by means of the analysis of various kinds of information coming from customers, products, purchases, and so on. In this paper, we focus on customer loyalty programs. In particular, we propose cloud-based software as a service architecture that store and analyses big data related to purchases and products’ ranks in order to provide customers a list of recommended products. Experiments focus on a prototype of human to machine workflow for the pre-selection of customers deployed on both private and hybrid cloud scenarios.

The research on the sifting from processing of East Donbass refuse heap for manufacturing wall ceramics goods

The results of the research into sifting of eastern Donbass gob pile processing as raw material for manufacturing wall ceramics, that is popular industrial raw material of the region, are highlighted in the report. It is stated that the main sifting components are siltstones, clay slates, claystone, and sandstones. The main minerals of the sifting are feldspar, crystalline silica, mica, and hydromica. The haracteristic of sifting handling ability for which the most suitable is the way of goods compression molding at elevated pressure and reduced humidity is given. It is stated that the main technology factors are grain composition of raw material mass, its humidity, compression pressure and firing temperature. Variation of technology factors' data makes it possible to get different kinds of products (course, lining, arch brick) with a wide range of features. Methods of evaluation of quality merit rating and the way this rating affects properties of final product are offered. There is high economical perspective of sifting implementation for production of wall ceramics.

Measuring the Impact of Extrinsic Cues on Consumers’ Purchasing Decision for Food Products

Abstract The extrinsic product cues are becoming a very important aspect in product evaluation by consumers. Because of their importance many authors are exploring which extrinsic cues are considered more significant when evaluating the different kind of products. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the impact of most researched extrinsic cues such as the country of origin (COO), brand, and price on a purchasing decision for food products among consumers in Kosova. To explore the domestic country bias, the impact of the additional cue labeled as “domestic product” is studied. Based on a quantitative survey, the main findings of this study revealed that the brand, the price, the country of origin, and domestic branded products have positive impact on a consumer’s purchasing decision, since consumers rely on those extrinsic cues when making their purchasing decisions. When multiple cues are presented, the country of origin is considered as the most important cue, while the “domestic product” is least important to Kosovar consumers. The findings of this study are useful to food producers and marketers of food products, since it can provide them with useful information on what consumers consider most important when purchasing food products.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSICAL AND ALKALI HYDROTHERMAL PRETREATMENT <br> IN IMPROVING ENZYME SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SWEET SORGHUM BAGASSE

Sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) obtained after juice extraction is a potential feedstock for fermentable sugars production that can be further fermented to different kinds of products, such as ethanol or lactic acid. The proper particle size resulted from phsyical pretreatment and different pretreatment processes including water, alkali, hydrothermal, and alkali hydrothermal for improving enzyme susceptibility of SSB have been investigated. After grinding to particle sizes of <250 ?m, 250-420 ?m, and, > 420 ?m the sweet sorghum bagasse was washed to eliminate residual soluble sugars present in the bagasse. Dosages of cellulase enzyme used in saccharification were 60 and 100 FPU/g substrate, respectively. The results showed that SSB with particle sizes of 250-420 ?m had the highest cellulose (38.33%) and hemicellulose content (31.80%). Although the yield of reducing sugar of 250-420 ?m size particles was lower than that of smaller particle (<250 ?m), the former was more economical in the energy consumption for milling process. The yields of reducing sugar obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of alkali hydrothermal pretreated sweet sorghum bagasse were 1.5 and 0.5 times higher than that from untreated sweet sorghum bagasse at enzyme loading of 100 and 60 FPU/g substrate, respectively. Furthermore, alkali hydrothermal pretreatment was able to remove as much as 85% of lignin. Morphological analysis using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) showed that samples treated with alkali hydrothermal have more pores and distorted bundles than that of untreated sweet sorghum bagasse. Meanwhile, XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis showed that pretreated samples had a higher crystallinity and smaller crystallite size than untreated sweet sorghum bagasse, which might be due to removal of amorphous lignin components.

Two different Oenococcus oeni lineages are associated to either red or white wines in Burgundy: genomics and metabolomics insights

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Oenococcus oeni</em> is the bacterium most often associated with spontaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF) of wine. During MLF, malic acid is transformed into lactic acid and several metabolites are modified, modulating wine’s total acidity and improving its sensory properties. Previous works have suggested that certain genetic groups of <em>O. oeni</em> strains are associated to different kinds of products. In the present study we have spotted two groups of strains isolated mainly from Burgundy wines, one associated to red wines and the other to white wines. Sequencing 14 genomes of red and white wine strains revealed that they share a common ancestor that probably colonised two different substrates –red and white wine-associated environments–, diverging over time and disseminating to various regions. Their capacity to perform MLF and modify the volatile profile of wine was determined by fermenting a chardonnay wine and analysing its volatile fraction with a non-targeted metabolomics approach by GC-MS. The strains had a different impact on the volatile composition depending on their group of origin. These results show for the first time a correspondence between the product of origin of the strains and the volatile profile of the wines they produce. Furthermore, the genetic features that might be implied in these different phenotypes are examined.</p>

Assisted and unassisted recession of functional anomalies associated with dysprosody in adults who stutter

PurposeSpeech in persons who stutter (PWS) is associated with disturbed prosody (speech melody and intonation), which may impact communication. The neural correlates of PWS’ altered prosody during speaking are not known, neither is how a speech-restructuring therapy affects prosody at both a behavioral and a cerebral level. MethodsIn this fMRI study, we explored group differences in brain activation associated with the production of different kinds of prosody in 13 male adults who stutter (AWS) before, directly after, and at least 1 year after an effective intensive fluency-shaping treatment, in 13 typically fluent-speaking control participants (CP), and in 13 males who had spontaneously recovered from stuttering during adulthood (RAWS), while sentences were read aloud with ‘neutral’, instructed emotional (happy), and linguistically driven (questioning) prosody. These activations were related to speech production acoustics. ResultsDuring pre-treatment prosody generation, the pars orbitalis of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left anterior insula were activated less in AWS than in CP. The degree of hypo-activation correlated with acoustic measures of dysprosody. Paralleling the near-normalization of free speech melody following fluency-shaping therapy, AWS normalized the inferior frontal hypo-activation, sooner after treatment for generating emotional than linguistic prosody. Unassisted recovery was associated with an additional recruitment of cerebellar resources. ConclusionsFluency shaping therapy may restructure prosody, which approaches that of typically fluent-speaking people. Such a process may benefit from additional training of instructed emotional and linguistic prosody by inducing plasticity in the inferior frontal region which has developed abnormally during childhood in PWS.

Introduction History Influences Aboveground Biomass Allocation in Brazilian Peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius)

Multiple introductions of an exotic species can facilitate invasion success by allowing for a wider range of expressed trait values in the adventive range. Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian peppertree) is an invasive shrub that was introduced into Florida in two separate introductions and has subsequently hybridized, resulting in three distinct lineages (eastern, western, and hybrid). To determine whether allocation of aboveground biomass differed by introduction history, we destructively sampled 257 stems from each of six populations with differing introduction histories. The proportion of aboveground biomass allocated to fruit, wood, and leaves differed among the three populations. To determine whether the relationship between stem size and several dependent variables that measure plant performance (total dry weight, wood dry weight, number of fruits, fruit dry weight, leaf dry weight, and number of leaves) differed quantitatively by introduction history, we performed analyses of covariance. Slopes of these relationships (dependent variable vs. stem size) varied by lineage. Hybrid populations had the steepest slopes for one set of dependent variables (total dry weight, wood dry weight, and leaf dry weight), while western populations had the steepest slopes for a different set of dependent variables (number of fruits, fruit dry weight, and number of leaves). The parameterized regression equations for each dependent variable and lineage were used to nondestructively estimate different kinds of production by individuals that are part of long-term longitudinal studies to understand the demographic consequences of these different biomass allocation strategies for the performance of S. terebinthifolius individuals across the invaded range in Florida.

Mechanistic investigation of the atmospheric reaction of NH2 with NO2 and study of the catalytic effects of water molecule on kinetic path

The gas-phase reaction mechanism of NO2 with NH2 on the singlet potential energy surface is investigated at the B3LYP, MP2, CCSD(T) and G3B3 levels of calculation in connection with the 6-311[Formula: see text]G(3df, 3pd) basis sets. Seven different kinds of products have been obtained. The results reveal that P7 [N2[Formula: see text]2O] is the main product in thermodynamic viewpoint with the Gibbs free energy of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kcal/mol. The product P2 due to less number of transition states and low level barrier height of transition states is introduced as the kinetic product. The calculation of rate constants in different temperatures confirms our predication for P7 adduct in comparison with other products. In the first step, the reactions without catalytic effects are considered. All of these reactions begin with pre-reactive collision complex CR [NO2–NH2]. This complex has been produced from barrier-less process via collision of reactants. From variation of bond lengths and angles or dissociation of this complex, other species are produced. In the second step, the catalytic effect of water and water dimer molecules on the reaction rate of kinetic path, P2, have been attended. Calculation of the rate constant was done in the temperature range from 500[Formula: see text]K to 3000[Formula: see text]K. Our results showed that the rate constant of path P2 increases with temperature and the number of water molecules. So, we can conclude that the number of water molecules corresponding to relative humidity of atmosphere has catalytic effect on the mentioned reaction rate.

New Approaches for Power Binning of High Performance Microprocessors

The significant process parameter variations occurring during fabrication of high performance sequential circuits, such as microprocessors, are posing relevant uncertainties on the power that such circuits will consume in the field, while executing workloads typical for the diverse products they are oriented to (e.g., cellular phones, notebooks, servers, etc). On the other hand, different kinds of products have different constraints on the maximal power that could be consumed during the execution of typical workloads, due to diverse needs in terms of charge autonomy, heat dissipation, etc. Consequently, the power that will be consumed by microprocessors during the execution of typical workloads in the field needs to be accurately characterized at the end of fabrication. Such a power consumption characterization (hereinafter referred to as “power binning”), will enable to classify microprocessors in “power bins”, each one containing microprocessors suitable for different kinds of products, thus enabling to introduce them all into the market for different kinds of products. Based on these considerations, in this paper we propose an approach to characterize accurately at the end of fabrication, and at low-cost (in terms of characterization time), the power that microprocessors will consume in the in-field during the execution of workloads typical for different kinds of products. Our approach exploits scan-based Logic Built-In Self-Test (LBIST) to apply to microprocessors’ sequential blocks test vectors that induce on their internal nodes an activity factor (AF) similar to that experienced during the in-field execution of workloads typical for different kinds of products, thus enabling to perform power binning by simply measuring their consumed power. Our approach enables to scale the AF from 0 percent up to 97.6 percent (on average for the considered benchmark circuits) compared to conventional LBIST, with a granularity of the 2 percent, thus enabling to emulate accurately the AF induced by workloads typical of a wide range of products. We propose a hardware implementation for our approach requiring a limited area overhead (lower than 3 percent) over conventional LBIST.

SPA 브랜드의 지속가능 활동이 윤리의식과 브랜드 충성도 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향- 한국과 러시아의 H&M 비교 중심으로 -

Today, the fashion industries, which are appearing in the world, can satisfy their economic needs, as well as provide and distribute their products in order to introduce sustainable methods and avoid becoming a bad influence on future generations. Recently, SPA brands have contributed to the sustainable development of society with different kinds of products, such as organic, recycled and environmental products. For this research, among different SPA brands, we chose H&M as the most representative one. Using Russian and Korean consumers as examples, we analyzed how sustainable activities affect a consumer's ethical consciousness, brand loyalty and purchase intention. The results of this study show that firstly, all sustainable activities have positive effects on the ethical consciousness of Russian and, in particular, Korean consumers. Secondly, ethical consciousness has a positive effect on brand loyalty, which, in turn, has a positive effect on purchase intention. Consequently, by adding to the existing sustainable and cultural activities, we can propose new perspectives for future research on sustainability. Due to the effect on a consumer's ethical consciousness, future research might consider ethical consciousness as the main factor. By focusing on H&M as a representative of SPA brands with Russian and Korean consumers as target audiences, we can advise global SPA brands on the direction of their sustainable activities and exporting of their products to foreign markets.

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) - nutritional and health values in human nutrition - a review

White lupin seeds have been used in human nutrition and treatment for several thousand years. Nowadays the use of white lupin seeds is limited by a small scale of their production. However, in the last 20 years quite new properties of white lupin have been discovered for the application in the production of different kinds of functional food. Unique traits of protein, fatty acids with a desirable ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 acids, and fibre as well as other specific components, for example oligosaccharides and antioxidants or non-starch carbohydrates, make white lupin an excellent component in many healthy diets. The effects of white lupin components concern the physiological condition of the human body, including diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, lipid concentration, glycaemia, appetite, insulin resistance, and colorectal cancer. Seeds are used among others for the production of gluten-free flour, bacterial and fungal fermented products, noodle and pasta products, as substitutes of meat, egg protein and sausages, also are cooked, roasted and ground and mixed with cereal flour in the production of bread, crisps and pasta, crisps and dietary dishes.

(Invited) Plasma Synthesis of Conductive Carbon Based Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials, such as nanocomposites, nanorods, nanotubes and graphenes, are nowadays almost past the title “novel materials”, they have been widely investigated and used as either promising or already proven materials for various applications ranging from electronics and black body coatings to fuel cells and supercapacitors (1). Such advanced nanomaterials, independently of their chemical composition, are also used for the delivery of therapeutic agents, including biomolecules targeting disease sites, for bioimaging, or in general for biomedical engineering (2). Besides the production of CBNs by exfoliation, epitaxial growth, CVD processes, and many other methods, an important method nowadays concerns the use of plasmas. In general, plasma based processes are widely used for technological applications (3). They are employed in microelectronics (4), or for example for the deposition of functional coatings and nanosystems (5). In particular low temperature reactive plasmas with their distinctive non equilibrium character provide an excellent tool for the production of novel CBNs. They are nowadays widely used for the deposition of aligned nanotube carpets, nanowalls, the synthesis of graphene, and self-standing graphene, for the controlled production of nanoparticles and for example for the manufacturing of highly porous structured surfaces (6-10). Differences in the morphology of plasma produced CBNs are caused sometimes by a small changes of the process parameters, like small variations in pulse frequency (7) or temperature (6, 11). The control and the understanding of the plasma is therefore essential in order to control the synthesis of the targeted materials. This requires enhanced efforts in plasma modelling and plasma diagnostics. This contribution focusses on the plasma based production of different kinds of conductive carbon based nanomaterials in particular on the production of carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles and nanowalls or free standing graphene. A common denominator of these materials concerns –besides their conductivity and their excellent mechanical characteristic - their large specific surface area a factor that is in particular important for applications in the field of biosensors. We will discuss in this presentation different plasma based synthesis methods. This discussion will include some critical questions concerning the importance of catalysts for the production of CBNs as well as the role of different sample pretreatment methods for the outcome of plasma based synthesis experiments. The synthesis of the different carbon materials is monitored during their growth by means of in-situ Raman-spectroscopy. A further ex-situ material analysis is performed by means of Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy (NEXAFS), XPS and electron microscopy. An important aspect for bioengineering applications is related to the functionalization of the CBNs which is essential for the coupling of biomolecules to sensor surfaces. We will here report about plasma based functionalization methods and in particular about the correlation between the plasma characteristics (determined by plasma mass spectroscopy, electron density measurements, in situ FTIR) and the resulting surface functionalities. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by CNRS Défi Interdisciplinaire NANO2013, ANR PlasBioSens, APR Capt’Eau and MEP Flexible. We gratefully acknowledge also HZB, Berlin, Germany, for the allocation of the beam time. References (1) V. A. Krivchenko, S. A. Evlashin, K. V. Mironovich, N. I. Verbitskiy, A. Nefedov, C. Wöll, A. Ya. Kozmenkova, N. V. Suetin, S. E. Svyakhovskiy, D. V. Vyalikh, A. T. Rakhimov, A. V. Egorov & L. V. Yashina, Scientific Reports (Nature) 2013, 4, 3. (2) C. Cha, Su Ryon Shin, N. Annabi, M.R. Dokmeci, A. Khademhosseini, ACS Nano 2013, 7, 2891. (3) S Samukawa. et al (2012) (Plasma roadmap) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 45 253001. (4) D. B. Graves, Plasma processing in microelectronics manufacturing AIChE J. 1989, 35, 1. (5) K Ostrikov, and Shuyan Xu. “Plasma aided nanofabrication: from plasma sources to nanoassembly”, (2007) Wiley-vch Verlag GmbH&Co. Weinheim, Germany. (6) E Tatarova, A Dias, J Henriques, A M Botelho do Rego, A M Ferraria, M V Abrashev, C C Luhrs, J Phillips, F M Dias, C M Ferreira, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2014, 47 385501. (7) J. Berndt, E. Kovačević, I. Stefanović, O. Stepanović, S. H. Hong, L. Boufendi, J. Winter, Contrib. Plasma Phys. 2009, 49, 107. (8) R. Ion, S. Vizireanu, C. Luculescu, A. Cimpean, G. Dinescu. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2016, 49,17. (9) P.Y. Tessier, R. Issaoui, E. Luais, M. Boujtita, A. Granier, B. Anglerau, Solid State Sciences, 2009, 11, 1824. (10) M. Hiramatsu, M. Hori. Carbon Nanowalls, Synthesis and Emerging Applications, Springer Wien New York 2010. (11) T. Labbaye, A. Canizarès, M. Gaillard, T. Lecas, E. Kovacevic, Ch. Boulmer-Leborgne, T. Strunskus, N. Raimboux, P. Simon, G. Guimbretière M. R. Ammar, Appl.Phys. Let. 2014, 105, 213109.

Industrial Applications of Selected JFS Articles

Industrial Applications of Selected <i>JFS</i> Articles

Determining production level under uncertainty using fuzzy simulation and bootstrap technique, a case study

In every production plant, it is necessary to have an estimation of production level. Sometimes there are many parameters affective in this estimation. In this paper, it tried to find an appropriate estimation of production level for an industrial factory called Barez in an uncertain environment. We have considered a part of production line, which has different production time for different kind of products, which means both environmental and system uncertainty. To solve the problem we have simulated the line and because of the uncertainty in the times, fuzzy simulation is considered. Required fuzzy numbers are estimated by the use of bootstrap technique. The results are used in production planning process by factory experts and have had satisfying consequences. Opinions of these experts about the efficiency of using this methodology, has been attached.

Explicit focus on meaning

Against the backdrop of discussions in instructed SLA concerning form-focused versus meaning-focused L2 instruction, a framework we refer to as Mindful Conceptual Engagement (MCE) is proposed as a feature of Vygotskian concept-based instruction. In this paper, specific attention is given to the pragmatic relevance of ser/estar in Spanish discourse. The implementation of the MCE approach to teaching concepts starts with the development of pedagogical materials for the teaching of communicative issues, in this case, normativity. It also requires active engagement by learners in reflective activities, such as the creation of their own conceptual representations as a learning tool to understand ser/estar through the notion of normativity. Data from beginning L2 Spanish learners are presented to illustrate how engaging them in the production of different kinds of graphic representations and verbalizations promotes the internalization of complex grammatical concepts with practical functionality in L2 communication. It is argued that by promoting active reflection and engagement with communicative issues using the concept of normativity, MCE enabled learners to begin to appreciate the pragmatic significance of the concept as expressed in ser/estar.

Free Sorting and Association Task: A Variant of the Free Sorting Method Applied to Study the Impact of Dried Sourdough as an Ingredienton the Related Bread Odor.

This paper presents a new variant of the free sorting method developed to analyze the relationship between dried sourdough (DSD) and corresponding DSD-bread (bread) odors. The comparison of DSD and bread sensory characteristics is complicated due to their specific features (for example, acidity for DSD and a characteristic "baked bread" aroma for breads). To analyze them at the same time, this study introduces a new variant of the free sorting method, which adds an association task between DSD and bread after those of free sorting and verbalization. This separation makes it possible to change the product between tasks. It was applied to study the impact of 6 European commercial DSDs on their related DSD-bread. According to our results, this methodology enabled an association between different kinds of products and thus underlined the relationship between them. Moreover, as this methodology contains a verbalization task, it provides product descriptions. Compared with the standard free sorting method, free sorting with an association task gives the distance (i) between DSDs, (ii) between breads, and (iii) between DSDs and breads. The separation of product assessment through sorting and association avoids the separation of products according to their category (DSD or bread).