Product Traceability System Research Articles

Construction on Evaluation Index System of Traceability System of Agricultural Internet of Things Based on Network Analysis

In order to ensure the transparency and openness of each link of agricultural products “from farmland to table” and to solve the problem of consumers’ low trust degree in the safety of agricultural products and food, the application and evaluation of agricultural Internet of Things traceability system are the top priority. However, the traceability system evaluation indicators are rarely discussed in the existing studies. Consequently, this paper attempts to construct the evaluation index system of the Internet of Things traceability system of agricultural products based on an overall perspective of ecological civilization and to determine the weight of each evaluation index by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, on the basis of the relevant data of the agricultural product traceability system in recent years, the determined weight is modified by using entropy method. Finally, it points out the important practical value for management departments, production subjects, sales subjects, and consumers, providing reference for improving the quality and safety of agricultural products and standardizing the market supervision of agricultural product market.

The analysis and design of independent smallholders FFB palm oil supply system to support traceability of CPO product derivatives

The mandatory biodiesel program in Indonesia requires more Crude Palm Oil (CPO). POM requires FFB from independent smallholders to maximize CPO production. POM usually separates FFB supply based on internal and external sources. However, the segregation did not identify the farmer and farm location source of external FFB. This study aims to analyze and design an FFB supply system from the independent smallholder’s channel by identifying the farmers’ and farms’ source of FFB in every batch production of CPO and identifying Farms and farmers to support a traceability system of CPO derivative products. The New FFB delivery system services will be run on a cloud platform. The services are truck allocation, weigh scheduling, weighing, sorting, and CPO production. The Method for developing FFB delivery service using a system approach and System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). This research only discusses the analysis and design phase. The research output is a new design delivery system of FFB with Block Appointment Scheduling (BAS) for quality control of FFB to produce high-quality CPO. The simulation of BAS and CPO production is running based on the business process at PT. RSI.

Customer Satisfaction on the Use of QR Codes For Frozen Shrimp Products at PT. Kelola Mina Laut Based on the Theory of Stimulus Organism Response

Background – Customer satisfaction is very important for business continuity in a company. PT. Kelola Mina Laut (KML) is a fisheries industry that implements a defensive strategy for its marketing, namely by applying a QR code to traceability information of frozen shrimp products that provide added value for its customers.
 Aim – Identify and analyze customer satisfaction on the use of QR codes for frozen shrimp products at KML based on S-O-R theory (Usefulness, Acceptability, Feasibility, Perceived flow, and Customer Satisfaction).
 Design / methodology / approach – This study uses 7 (seven) people as informants, who are KML customers, and then analyzed using Miles and Huberman Analysis.
 Findings – Customer satisfaction on the S-O-R theory was tested when the customer said he was very satisfied using this QR Code system, the customer's feeling when using this traceability system was easy and positive when using the QR code. Customers think this system is feasible to use and can be recommended to other customers.
 Research implication – The results of this study are a means for researchers to add insight and knowledge about traceability systems using QR codes at KML shrimp processing unit in an effort to increase customer satisfaction. 
 Limitations – The QR code used contains information on the frozen shrimp product traceability system. The theoretical basis used is the S-O-R theory. The research location is in the KML Gresik, and test the validity of the data in this study using Source Triangulation.

Analysis of Agricultural Product Information Traceability and Customer Preference Based on Blockchain

For traditional agricultural product traceability system, there are some problems, such as information asymmetry and serious centralized storage. To solve the problems, a set of an agricultural product traceability information analysis system based on blockchain is designed. The overall framework of the agricultural product information traceability system is built, and the traceability model and process are designed in detail from the data layer, consensus layer, and contract layer. Collaborative verification function modules are added in the data layer to ensure the authenticity of data on the blockchain. The integral penalty mechanism is introduced to improve the practical Byzantine fault tolerance algorithm (PBFT), which ensures the security of the block network and the validity of data. Smart contracts are adopted to ensure that changes in agricultural information are actually recorded on blockchain. The results show that the designed blockchain-based agricultural product information traceability system solves the problem of difficult sharing and traceability of agricultural product information, which realizes the traceability of agricultural product production information, processing information, transportation information, and transaction query information, and has certain theoretical and practical value for the information traceability of agricultural products and other products.

Consumers' purchase intention of wild freshwater fish during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The association between the COVID‐19 pandemic and the wildlife trade in the seafood market in Wuhan has raised public concern regarding wildlife consumption and public health safety. Considering several coronavirus transmission incidents related to aquatic products and the location of wild freshwater fish in aquatic consumption in China, the effects of COVID‐19 on the purchase intention of wild freshwater fish was investigated. Based on 1163 online questionnaires from eight provinces (including two province‐level municipalities) in the Yangtze River Basin, ordered logistic regression was carried out to analyze the influencing factors of purchase intention of wild freshwater fish during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The empirical results indicated that the COVID‐19 pandemic had changed consumers' perceived risk and purchase frequency of wild freshwater fish. External stimulus caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic had little influence on perceived risk and purchase intention. Consumer preference had a significant impact on perceived risk and purchase intention. Therefore, efforts should be put to strengthen the popularization of aquatic product knowledge, guide the public to develop scientific and civic eating habits, and improve the traceability system of aquatic products. [EconLit Citations: D12‐Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q22‐Fishery; Aquaculture].

Research Review of Agricultural Product Traceability System Based on Blockchain Technology

With the frequent occurrence of domestic agricultural product safety accidents in China, consumers' trust in the quality and supply chain of agricultural products is gradually declining. Traceability, as a production control system that can connect all links of product circulation and manage undirected tracking of products, is of great significance to guarantee the quality and safety of products. In the traditional traceability system, there are problems of asymmetry, inaccuracy, non-transparency and insecurity of information. Blockchain can provide powerful technical support for the construction of agricultural products traceability system by virtue of decentralization, transparency and openness, non-tamperability and distributed storage. Applying blockchain technology to agricultural products traceability can effectively protect the rights and interests of all members of the agricultural products supply chain and the general consumers. Based on the analysis of the concept and main features of blockchain, this paper summarizes the research and application progress of blockchain-based traceability system at home and abroad in recent years by studying the traceability mechanism of agricultural products. The advantages and challenges of the implementation of blockchain-based agricultural products traceability system are elaborated. It is hoped that this paper can provide useful references for the research and establishment of blockchain agricultural products traceability system.

Improving Agricultural Product Traceability Using Blockchain.

Most traditional agricultural traceability systems are centralized, which could result in the low reliability of traceability results, enterprise privacy data leakage vulnerabilities, and the generation of information islands. To solve the above problems, we propose a trusted agricultural product traceability system based on the Ethereum blockchain in this paper. We designed a dual storage model of “Blockchain+IPFS (InterPlanetary File System)” to reduce the storage pressure of the blockchain and realize efficient information queries. Additionally, we propose a data privacy protection solution based on some cryptographic primitives and the Merkle Tree that can avoid enterprise privacy and sensitive data leakage. Furthermore, we implemented the proposed system using the Ethereum blockchain platform and provided the cost, performance, and security analysis, as well as compared it with the existing solutions. The results showed that the proposed system is both efficient and feasible and can meet the practical application requirements.

Blockchain-Based Internet of Things: Machine Learning Tea Sensing Trusted Traceability System

A framework combining the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain can help achieve system automation and credibility, and the corresponding technologies have been applied in many industries, especially in the area of agricultural product traceability. In particular, IoT devices (radio frequency identification (RFID), geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS), etc.) can automate the collection of information pertaining to the key aspects of traceability. The data are collected and input to the blockchain system for processing, storage, and query. A distributed, decentralized, and nontamperable blockchain can ensure the security of the data entering the system. However, IoT devices may generate abnormal data in the process of data collection. In this context, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the source data of the traceability system. Considering the whole-process traceability chain of agricultural products, this paper analyzes the whole-process information of a tea supply chain from planting to sales, constructs the system architecture and each function, and designs and implements a machine learning- (ML-) blockchain-IoT-based tea credible traceability system (MBITTS). Based on IoT technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors, this article proposes a new method that combines blockchain and ML to enhance the accuracy of blockchain source data. In addition, system data storage and indexing methods and scanning and recovery mechanisms are proposed. Compared with the existing agricultural product (tea) traceability system based on blockchain, the introduction of the ML data verification mechanism can ensure the accuracy (up to 99%) of information on the chain. The proposed solution provides a basis to ensure the safety, reliability, and efficiency of agricultural traceability systems.

Dual-Chain Blockchain in Agricultural E-Commerce Information Traceability Considering the Viniar Algorithm

In this paper, we consider the Vennia algorithm to conduct in-depth research and analysis on the traceability of dual-chain blockchain agricultural products' E-commerce information. This paper adds a collaborative verification module to the traceability system and carries out a detailed design of information storage, traceability consensus algorithm, and smart contract for agricultural products according to the characteristics of the agricultural products supply chain, among which the collaborative verification module adopts dynamic data storage technology; the ConsiderVinia consensus algorithm is improved by introducing the way of integral penalty mechanism to ensure the block data validity. After a comparative study of the features and differences of the three major blockchain technology platforms, this paper selects the super ledger to implement the agricultural traceability system based on blockchain technology, introduces the partitioning and credit mechanism into the ConsiderVinia algorithm, and elaborates the improvement process of the algorithm. The improved algorithm reduces the malicious behavior of nodes and maintains the system security through a credit mechanism while maintaining the consistency of blockchain. In the event of a transaction dispute, the third-party platform will determine the party at fault based on the transaction records and other evidence and make corresponding punishments and compensations. The experiment proves that the algorithm proposed in this paper can reduce the amount of network data transmission in the process of node consensus, which is better than the ConsiderVinia algorithm in terms of both throughput and latency, improves the consensus efficiency, and alleviates the communication bottleneck caused by the increase of users in blockchain applications, and the solution of applying the blockchain technology to the agricultural products traceability system is practical and feasible. The blockchain-based agricultural products information traceability system solves the problems of information asymmetry, difficult sharing, easy tampering, and storage centralization in the traditional IoT-based agricultural products traceability system and truly realizes the credible and reliable traceability of the whole chain of agricultural products information. The research content and results of this paper have certain theoretical and practical values.

Research on Cold Chain Logistics Traceability System of Fresh Agricultural Products Based on Blockchain

Traditional cold chain logistics has problems such as centralized data storage, low data reliability, easy data tampering, and difficulty in locating responsible persons, which leads to the inability to guarantee consumer rights. To solve these problems, a cold chain logistics traceability system is proposed for fresh agricultural products based on blockchain. Both alliance chain and private chain are used in the paper in order to ensure that the product traceability system not only has certain openness but also must contain enough privacy and security. Alliance chain is mainly used to query and share product traceability information. The private chain will be used to collect and store the product traceability information of each enterprise and then connected to the alliance chain via hash pointers. The proposed system is beneficial for reducing the burden of network transmission of alliance chain and improving the efficiency of consumer product data query. At the same time, the private chain ensures the security and privacy of enterprise product data, which not only has high data storage efficiency but also can meet the requirements of all participants for the traceability system. In the experimental part, the feasibility of this system is verified through simulation experiments, which provides a reference for the combination of blockchain technology and cold chain logistics traceability system.

Research on Agricultural Product Traceability Technology (Economic Value) Based on Information Supervision and Cloud Computing.

Traditional agricultural product traceability system adopts centralized storage, and the traceability process is solidified, which results in the low reliability of traceability results and the poor flexibility of the system. Aiming to solve this problem, blockchain technology is applied to supply chain traceability, and a supply chain traceability system based on sidechain technology is proposed. Goods management, information sharing, and product traceability in supply chain are realized through Ethereum smart contract. The sidechain technology is adopted to expand Ethereum so that it can meet the needs of practical applications. The experiment results show that the proposed system has a transaction function and information sharing function. Compared with similar trading systems, the proposed system has more advantages in throughput and security.

BCST-APTS: Blockchain and CP-ABE Empowered Data Supervision, Sharing, and Privacy Protection Scheme for Secure and Trusted Agricultural Product Traceability System

Blockchain provides new technologies and ideas for the construction of agricultural product traceability system (APTS). However, if data is stored, supervised, and distributed on a multiparty equal blockchain, it will face major security risks, such as data privacy leakage, unauthorized access, and trust issues. How to protect the privacy of shared data has become a key factor restricting the implementation of this technology. We propose a secure and trusted agricultural product traceability system (BCST-APTS), which is supported by blockchain and CP-ABE encryption technology. It can set access control policies through data attributes and encrypt data on the blockchain. This can not only ensure the confidentiality of the data stored in the blockchain, but also set flexible access control policies for the data. In addition, a whole-chain attribute management infrastructure has been constructed, which can provide personalized attribute encryption services. Furthermore, a reencryption scheme based on ciphertext-policy attribute encryption (RE-CP-ABE) is proposed, which can meet the needs of efficient supervision and sharing of ciphertext data. Finally, the system architecture of the BCST-APTS is designed to successfully solve the problems of mutual trust, privacy protection, fine-grained, and personalized access control between all parties.

Effects of regulatory policy mixes on traceability adoption in wholesale markets: Food safety inspection and information disclosure

The increasingly heavier burden of government spending on food safety supervision is a common problem faced by regulatory agencies in various countries. Traceability is an effective quality and safety management measure and plays an important role in food safety risk control in many developed countries. However, the agricultural product traceability system in wholesale markets has low coverage in China. This article investigates the effects of regulatory policy mixes, i.e., food safety sampling intensity and information disclosure, on vendors’ traceability adoption, theoretically and empirically based on a dataset containing the information of all aquatic product wholesale markets in three provinces of China. The results show that both sampling intensity and information disclosure positively influence the traceability adoption of vendors. However, the effect of food safety sampling intensity on traceability adoption relies on information disclosure. Specifically, an increase of 10 sampling tests enhances the probability that vendors adopt traceability by 4 percentage points in markets with information disclosure. These effects are heterogeneous across vendors with different business scales and with different supply chain distances from farms. The effects are larger for vendors with larger business scales and/or are closer to farms. The above results are robust after the inclusion of the instrumental variable into the models.

Use of Blockchain Technology as a Prospect Element of Management in Product Traceability Systems

Use of Blockchain Technology as a Prospect Element of Management in Product Traceability Systems

Research on the whole chain traceability system of dairy products based on consortium blockchain

Dairy products are one of the indispensable foods in people's life. However, reports about the quality and safety of dairy products often appear. In this paper, a dairy product quality and safety traceability system based on consortium blockchain is proposed by using block chain technology. In addition, the traceability link in the dairy supply chain is defined, and the basic framework and traceability bar code of the traceability system are designed. The system guarantees the integrity and security of the traceability information from the technical level, and provides the dairy traceability service for the government, enterprises and consumers.

A further investigation on q-rung orthopair fuzzy Einstein aggregation operators

Aggregation of q-rung orthopair fuzzy information serves as an important branch of the q-rung orthopair fuzzy set theory, where operations on q-rung orthopair fuzzy values (q-ROFVs) play a crucial role. Recently, aggregation operators on q-ROFVs were established by employing the Einstein operations rather than the algebraic operations. In this paper, we give a further investigation on operations and aggregation operators for q-ROFVs based on the Einstein operational laws. We present the operational principles of Einstein operations over q-ROFVs and compare them with those built on the algebraic operations. The properties of the q-rung orthopair fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging (q-ROFEWA) operator and q-rung orthopair fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric (q-ROFEWG) operator are investigated in detail, such as idempotency, monotonicity, boundedness, shift-invariance and homogeneity. Then, the developed operators are applied to multiattribute decision making problems under the q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment. Finally, an example for selecting the design scheme for a blockchain-based agricultural product traceability system is presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Research on the Deployment Strategy of Blockchain Nodes in the Agricultural Product Blockchain Traceability System

The agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain can monitor the entire growth cycle of agricultural products, trace it at any time, and cannot tamper with information without authorization. However, the energy consumption of the entire system is relatively high due to the introduction of blockchain technology. In order to alleviate the problem of high overall energy consumption, we are trying to reduce the communication power consumption between terminal sensors and the full nodes of the blockchain. We use the K-means algorithm, the DBSCAN algorithm and the improved DK fusion algorithm we proposed to deploy blockchain full nodes to the agricultural products sensors that have been determined to reduce the communication power consumption of the sensor terminals and improve the coverage of the full nodes to the terminal sensors.

EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING: OPTIMIZATION OF PROCUREMENT AND PROCUREMENT ACTIVITIES

Introduction. In modern conditions, under the influence of the digitalization of the economy, there is a change in the organization of production and economic activity of an economic entity. In particular, digitalization contributes to the modernization of production technologies (the introduction of robotics, flexible production systems), the introduction of additional forms of state control (tax monitoring, product traceability system), the modification of the information space (end-to-end information flow), reducing the direct labor component of production, digitalization, increases the amount of overhead costs. All this requires a detailed analysis and more accurate accounting. The management of an economic entity faces the problem of reorienting theory and practice to solve new problems. Objectives. The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for improving the management accounting system of procurement activities, which allows to increase control over the costs produced and achieve the best financial result in the conditions of digitalization and globalization of the economic space. Methods. In the course of the research, such methods of cognition as: analysis, synthesis, comparison method were used, their use made it possible to substantiate promising directions for the development of the management accounting system of supply and procurement activities. Results. The article considers the impact of digitalization on the information field of an economic entity. The weaknesses of the organization of the management accounting system of material and production stocks are highlighted. The goals and objectives of the management accounting of supply and procurement activities are outlined, taking into account the identified features. Considerable attention is paid to the preparation of cost estimates for business processes of procurement and procurement activities. A methodology for improving the management accounting system is proposed, which provides a deep and comprehensive study of information, preparation of management decision options and selection of the most optimal of them.

Аутсорсинг печати: локальный рынок с глобальным доминированием

Using the example of print outsourcing, the article examines the problems of analyzing and forecasting markets that significantly depend on the global players' behaviour. At the same time provisions of the economic domination theory allow, through highlighting the typical strategies of market participants, to identify a number of new trends emerging in the market and opening up for Russian companies. First of all, they have to do with such processes as transition to electronic document management, expansion of the sphere of product labeling and traceability systems. In addition, the 2020 crisis has resulted in creation of a new demand for organizing home workplaces, changing the requirements for IT systems architecture in large offices. Based on the case studies of the companies that are present on the market, the author draws up conclusions on notable changes in the role of large Russian companies in this market, including under the impact of transformations on the related markets.

Improve the Effective Data Analysis Method of Enterprise E-Commerce Marketing

Under the background of Internet big data, data analysis is one of the important tools for enterprises to implement personalized e-commerce marketing and optimize their e-commerce service mode. It can not only improve the marketing ability of enterprises, but also innovate the e-commerce marketing mode. In terms of the construction of personalized and accurate e-commerce marketing service system, data analysis tools can be used to comprehensively improve the e-commerce marketing effect of enterprise products from three perspectives: product marketing, channel marketing and promotion marketing. In terms of the innovation of e-commerce service mode, an enterprise e-commerce information platform within the scope of supply chain network can be built, and the evaluation system and product traceability system of e-commerce service can be improved, so as to provide consumers with more convenient and comprehensive online services.