Product Selection Research Articles

An audit to assess the clinical use of blood and blood components at a tertiary care hospital

An understanding of trends in blood and its product usage profile and current usage can help predict future trends in demand and help to put efforts to reduce use in particular areas. Present study aimed to assess the use of blood and blood components issued by blood bank and indication for selection of specific blood products. The present cross sectional observational time bound study was conducted at Father Muller Medical College & Hospital, which included all the patients to whom the whole or blood component are issued from blood between Jan 2016 to Jan 2020. All the units of blood and blood components issued to outside hospitals and institutions were excluded. A total of 20000 components were dispatched to 5002 patients request for the blood components from the blood bank, 2968 were males and 2032 were female patients (male to female ratio of 1.46:1). Highest request for blood components for transfusion was received from Medicine department and allied with 6063 units, followed with various Intensive care units (4477 units), oncology department (5729 units), OBG (1841 units), orthopaedics (1248 units) and surgery (453 units). The most common diagnosis for patients requiring blood components was haematological causes or Bleeding followed by elective surgery. Auditing the use of blood, its components and indications for their use by the various departments of the hospital has helped to finding the trend of number of blood.

Strategic cultivar and sowing time selection for weed management and higher redgram productivity in semi-arid Indian regions

IntroductionRedgram (Cajanus cajan L. Mill sp.), a leguminous crop commonly grown in tropical and subtropical climates, is highly valued for its high protein content (21%), which contributes significantly to food and nutritional security. However, its production faces challenges primarily due to terminal dryness experienced during critical growth stages because of changing rainfall patterns. To overcome this, adaptive techniques become imperative as the productivity of this crop is intricately linked to environmental factors and the crop’s growth cycle.MethodsHence, the field experiment was conducted at the National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban, Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, in South India under rainfed condition, during the kharif (monsoon) seasons of 2017–18 and 2018–19. The primary objectives were to determine the optimal sowing time and identify suitable redgram cultivars, especially in the context of the late onset of the monsoon in Tamil Nadu, a common issue under changing climate conditions. The experiments tested six different sowing dates with three redgram cultivars.Results and discussionThe findings highlighted the substantial influence of different redgram cultivars and sowing times on the crop’s growth characteristics and yield. Among the six sowing dates tested, planting in later half of June (S6) resulted in notably higher plant height (201 cm), a greater number of pods per plant (287), a seed yield of 1,112 kg ha−1, and a benefit-cost ratio of 2.61 Notably, this sowing period (S6) demonstrated comparable performance with the treatment of redgram sowing in the latter part of September (S4). CO 6 (V1) is the most productive of the three redgram cultivars, with the highest mean pant height (200 cm), number of pods per plant (237), grain yield (1,017 kg ha−1), and benefit cost ratio (2.38). Extended phenological phases along with extra days to reach phenological stages could account for the increased yield in comparison to the other cultivars. Among the two short-duration cultivars, VBN (Rg) 3 (V3) had a significantly higher mean grain yield of 958 kg ha−1 with the benefit-cost ratio of 2.24. Even though CO 6 (V1) obtained a higher yield due to its long duration nature, it matured in 187 days whereas VBN (Rg) 3 (V3) matured within 129 days. Consequently, the short-duration redgram cultivars emerge as highly suitable choices for integrating into crop sequences, thereby augmenting farm cropping intensity.

THE ADOPTION OF AI-DRIVEN CHATBOTS INTO A RECOMMENDATION FOR E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS TO TARGETED CUSTOMER IN THE SELECTION OF PRODUCT

The research looks into the Adoption of AI-Driven chatbots into a recommendation for E-Commerce systems to targeted customer in the selection of product, particularly their function in product selection and overall customer experience. The study is based on five assumptions: improved product selection accuracy, increased user happiness, influence on customer engagement and purchase decisions, enhanced user experience and retention rates, and effect on consumer trust. The findings show that AI-powered chatbots greatly improve product selection accuracy, with a regression weight of 0.693 and a beta coefficient of 0.480, representing a 48% improvement per unit of implementation. User satisfaction has also significantly improved, as evidenced by a regression weight of 0.897 and a beta coefficient of 0.840, both with high statistical significance. Chatbots have a favourable impact on consumer engagement and purchasing decisions, as indicated by substantial regression weights and beta coefficients for each variable. AI chatbots improve user experience and retention, as evidenced by high regression weights and R² values. Finally, chatbots improve customer trust, with a regression weight of 0.447 and a beta coefficient of 0.200. Overall, the study shows that AI-powered chatbots significantly increase several aspects of e-commerce, including product selection accuracy, user pleasure, engagement, retention, and trust.

Comparison of Cannabis-Based Medicinal Product Formulations for Fibromyalgia: A Cohort Study

This cohort study aims to assess the outcomes of fibromyalgia patients enrolled in the UK Medical Cannabis Registry prescribed a homogenous selection of cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs). A cohort study of fibromyalgia patients treated with oils (Adven®, Curaleaf International, UK), dried flower (Adven®, Curaleaf International, UK) or both CBMPs was performed. Primary outcomes were changes from baseline at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months in validated patient-reported outcome measures. Secondary outcomes included descriptive analysis of adverse events. One hundred and forty-eight participants were treated with oils (n = 77; 52.03%), dried flower (n = 14; 9.46%) or both (n = 57; 38.51%). Improvements in the generalized anxiety disorder-7 questionnaire, single-item sleep quality scale, fibromyalgia symptom severity score and EQ-5D-5L Index values were observed at each follow up period compared to baseline (p < 0.050). Thirty-six (24.32%) patients experienced 648 adverse events. Improvements were observed across all primary outcomes with no differences observed across different formulations of CBMPs. Adverse events were reported by one-quarter of participants and were more likely to reported by cannabis naïve patients. This present work through focusing on a homogeneous group of CBMPs can help inform randomized controlled trials after observing signals of improvement associated with a specific cultivar of CBMPs.

Is Click Fading the Brick Experience of Buyers During Festivities?

This study explores the impact of technology and e-commerce on the festive shopping experience of Indian consumers. It highlights the shift from traditional in-store shopping to digital interactions and analyzes how brands enhance physical store experiences to increase foot traffic during the festive season. Findings suggest that while online shopping offers unparalleled convenience and a broad product selection, retailers must innovate and adapt to retain the charm and emotional connection associated with in-store shopping. This research aims to provide insights for both retailers and consumers regarding the evolving shopping landscape.

Asymmetrically Coordinated Cu Dual-Atom-Sites Enables Selective CO2 Electroreduction to Ethanol.

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to value-added liquid fuels is a highly attractive solution for carbon-neutral recycling, especially for C2+ products. However, the selectivity control to preferable products is a great challenge due to the complex multi-electron proton transfer process. In this work, a series of Cu atomic dispersed catalysts are synthesized by regulating the coordination structures to optimize the CO2RR selectivity. Cu2-SNC catalyst with a uniquely asymmetrical coordinated CuN2-CuNS site shows high ethanol selective with the FE of 62.6% at -0.8V versus RHE and 60.2% at 0.9V versus RHE in H-Cell and Flow-Cell test, respectively. Besides, the nest-like structure of Cu2-SNC is beneficial to the mass transfer process and the selection of catalytic products. In situ experiments and theory calculations reveal the reaction mechanisms of such high selectivity of ethanol. The S atoms weaken the bonding ability of the adjacent Cu to the carbon atom, which accelerates the selection from *CHCOH to generate *CHCHOH, resulting in the high selectivity of ethanol. This work indicates a promising strategy in the rational design of asymmetrically coordinated single, dual, or tri-atom catalysts and provides a candidate material for CO2RR to produce ethanol.

Evaluation and inter-comparison of twenty-three gridded rainfall products representing a typical urban monsoon climate in India

Accurate and reliable estimation of rainfall is crucial for scientific research and various applications. However, the observed rainfall data is often limited. With the advancements in technology, many global gridded rainfall products are now available, but their accuracy levels vary across the world. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the reliability and effectiveness of 23 publicly available global rainfall datasets against the observed rainfall for Patna, representing a typical urban monsoon climate in India. Thirteen continuous and ten categorical statistical metrics were applied at daily, weekly, monthly, and annual intervals over 16 years (2000–2015). The results indicate that the reliability of all derived rainfall datasets varied on different temporal scales and reference datasets used. Overall, in continuous metrics, MERRA2 and MSWEP consistently outperformed in all the temporal scales whereas in categorical metrics for analyzing the rainfall detection ability, AIMERG, followed by MERRA2 demonstrated superior performance among others. Furthermore, IMD GRID, GSMAP, PCCS, AIMERG, and IMERG performed well in estimating different rainfall intensities. MERRA2 and MSWEP, which have not been widely considered for evaluation in a monsoon climate were found to be outstanding performers consistently. Therefore, we suggest broadening the selection of global rainfall products in the evaluation to fully utilize the potentiality of all available options. Furthermore, our approach offers a reliable framework to comprehensively assess the performance of different gridded rainfall products and assist in the selection of the best rainfall product for a particular region and purpose.

Decision making with analytical hierarchy process approach to select feedstock type for bioethanol production: Is 3G more sustainable than others?

Feedstock selection for bioethanol production is challenging because of the multidimensional considerations of the wide range of resources. The present study applies the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for the first time to select the most sustainable feedstock type for bioethanol production based on 28 sub-criteria categorized under four main criteria, including technical, economic, environmental, and social. The method included the use of literature surveys, brainstorming, and expert consultation. Expert opinions revealed that the most important sub-criteria within these four main criteria are fuel product quality, value-added by-product formation, impact on biodiversity, and contribution to the circular economy. Overall scores suggest that the third-generation feedstock, which is algal biomass, is economically more sustainable and environmentally friendly than the other feedstocks evaluated in the present study. Because of the environmental damage caused by chemicals used for pretreatment, the score on the environmental aspect of lignocellulosic bioethanol is slightly lower than that of algal bioethanol. The application of AHP enabled the comparison of three different generations of bioethanol production in a scientifically acceptable manner and reached a reliable decision that can be used by governments and stakeholders in establishing future renewable energy policies.

An Analysis of JD.com's Transportation System in Support of Operational and Logistics Activities

JD.com, also known as Jingdong, is China's largest online retailer and a leader in e-commerce, renowned for its vast selection of products, quality, and authenticity. Founded by CEO Richard Liu, JD.com has grown as a small electronics store into the third-largest Internet company globally, behind Amazon and Alphabet. It has pioneered advanced technologies like AI, robotics, and drones, transforming the retail industry. The company's extensive national distribution network covers 99% of China's population, allowing efficient deliveries, often within a day. JD.com's collaborations with Tencent, Walmart, and Google have further enhanced its logistics and customer experience. The platform's diverse transportation modes, including trucks, planes, and drones, ensure swift and reliable deliveries, while innovative self-driving trucks and automated warehouses streamline operations. JD.com continues to invest in software, data technologies, and sustainable transportation to maintain its competitive edge in the global e-commerce market.

Selection of Solar-Based Water-Splitting Hydrogen Production and Hydrogen Storage Technologies Using Neutrosophic Analytic Hierarchy Process and Neutrosophic Complex Proportional Assessment

Abstract The production of hydrogen through water-splitting using solar energy has the potential to meet the world’s future energy demand while also addressing the issue of greenhouse gas emissions. To compare and select the best technology among solar thermochemical cycles, photoelectrochemical, and photocatalytic water-splitting in terms of solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, production cost, safety, life expectancy, maintenance cost, and detrimental impact on the environment, this study used a multi-criteria decision analysis hybrid called Neutrosophic Analytic Hierarchy Process (NAHP) and Neutrosophic Complex Proportional Assessment (NCOPRAS). The same method was used to determine the best technology for automobiles among compressed hydrogen storage, metal hydrides, metal-organic frameworks, and chemical storage in terms of gravimetric system capacity, volumetric system capacity, safety, system cost, cycle life, energy efficiency, detrimental impact on the environment, and refueling time. There were 4 experts each in hydrogen storage and hydrogen, specifically from the Philippines, Australia, India, Romania, and Italy. All experts’ judgments have a consistency ratio (CR) &lt; 0.1. The priority criterion for hydrogen production was life expectancy (weighted value (WV) = 0.189), and gravimetric system capacity for hydrogen storage (WV = 0.137). The result showed that among all alternatives for hydrogen production, the solar thermochemical cycle was the best (relative significance value (RSV) = 0.3432) as for hydrogen storage, the best technology among the alternatives was metal hydrides (RSV = 0.2575). A sensitivity analysis was used to check the variability and robustness of the solution.

Target Market Selection for Agricultural Products in International Markets Using Fuzzy AHP And Fuzzy COPRAS MCDM Techniques

Making the right decisions in the process of selecting target markets for agricultural products in international marketing can help reduce the negativities in the complex and costly process. The main purpose of the study is to rank and evaluate alternatives in target market selection for agricultural products in the international markets by using fuzzy AHP and fuzzy COPRAS techniques. Multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are widely used in solving target market selection problems. In this study, the importance levels and weights of the evaluation criteria of political environment, economic environment, social environment and technological environment (PEST) were measured by the fuzzy AHP method. The criteria that are important for target market selection were evaluated by taking expert opinions, the uncertain and uncertain opinions of the experts were modeled with the fuzzy AHP approach and the weights of the criteria were determined. Among the PEST criteria, economic factors (EF) have the most weight. Then, alternative rankings were obtained with the fuzzy COPRAS method. Using the criterion weights found with fuzzy AHP, the alternatives of the 6 importing countries with the highest share in the processed agricultural products market were listed with the fuzzy COPRAS method. As a result of listing the alternatives, it is seen that the European Union alternative comes first in choosing the target market for processed agricultural products. This study provides a resource for decision makers to make decisions regarding target market selection of agricultural products in international markets.

Impact of Planting Time on the Performance of Different Wheat Varieties: A Review

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is among the most widely cultivated cereal crops globally. Wheat belongs to family Poaceae and genus Triticum and its center of origin is South Western Asia. Following China, India is the second-largest wheat producer in the world. Among different species of wheat crop, Triticum aestivum is the most prime because of its higher calorific values as well as a good addition for nutritional requirement of human body due to appearance of 9-10 % protein and 60-80 % carbohydrates. Choosing the appropriate sowing time and selecting suitable cultivars are crucial for achieving higher wheat yields. Early sowing with the optimal plant population promotes better growth and nutrient uptake, leading to increased crop production. Delayed sowing reduces the growth, yield, and quality of wheat grain, while early sowing leads to greater yields thanks to a longer grain development phase. Additionally, cultivar selection played a crucial role in determining wheat performance. Some cultivars exhibited greater adaptability to varying sowing dates, maintaining higher yields and better stress tolerance. Proper selection of cultivars is obtained to maximum yield due to variation among the weather conditions and genetic diversity. Optimum sowing dates give suitable temperature to obtain maximum productivity and cultivars selection also play prime role in obtaining maximum wheat production. Improper selection of cultivars produces lower grain yield.

Evaluation of Recombinant Antibody Production Efficiency in CHO Cells with Sleeping Beauty Transposon Vector System

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) mammalian cell lines are widely used as cell platforms in biopharmaceutical productions. Different transfection systems are employed for the integration of the target gene cassette into the cell genome and have limitations, such as (i) the integration region in the genome, (ii) the size of the target cassette, and (iii) long selection periods for stable expression. Transposon systems can be utilized to overcome the limitations mentioned in the efficient production of commercially significant recombinant proteins. This study aims to demonstrate the differences in production potential and selection periods by using a specially designed vector system for random genome integration in CHODG44 DHFR -/- cells and the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system. In this context, the optimal transfer ratio between the donor and the helper plasmid was determined for the most efficient co-transfection in the SB transposon system. According to the results, the pools obtained using the SB transposon system had titers ranging from 1300 to 2600 mg/L in 13-day fed-batch studies, while the pool obtained using the random transfer system had a titer of 0.056 mg/L. Additionally, stable cell pools obtained using the transposon system underwent selection in a short period of 52 days, compared to over 100 days for the pool obtained through random transfer. Considering all these results together, it is demonstrated that stable CHO pools obtained using the optimal SB transposon system can achieve high-efficiency monoclonal antibody production in a short period, making it an optimal production platform in the biopharmaceutical field.

Adolescent Girls and Young Women Overcoming Adherence Challenges with Vaginal and Oral PrEP Use: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study from a Crossover Trial in South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe

Rates of HIV acquisition remain high among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa. We explored South African, Ugandan, and Zimbabwean AGYW’s experiences in a crossover trial of two HIV prevention products: Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis pills and a monthly dapivirine vaginal ring. A subset of participants (n = 25) across all sites completed up to three serial in-depth interviews (SIDIs). The SIDIs explored barriers to product use, coping strategies, and the resulting outcomes. Coded textual data were analyzed using a product acceptability conceptual framework. Participants in the SIDIs described managing the array of challenges they encountered through formal adherence support, strategic product disclosure, and personally adapted strategies. For both products, perceived discreetness of the product and decision-making around disclosure was an important component of participants’ narratives. Participants tailored their coping strategies based on available personal resources (e.g., cell phone alarms for PrEP reminders, social support through disclosure) or study provided resources (e.g., encouragement from staff, adherence groups). Notably, challenges participants encountered with each product during the crossover period helped inform product selection during the choice period. Our findings suggest that—even in a context where AGYW have access to several options for HIV prevention—challenges to consistent product use remain, but accessible support mechanisms and informed choice can help mitigate these challenges. Enacting that choice may also empower AGYW to reach their short and long-term life goals—including for HIV prevention. (NCT03593655, 20th July 2018).

Hydrological Evaluation of CRA40 and ERA5 Reanalysis Precipitation Products over Ganjiang River Basin in Humid Southeastern China

This study evaluates two reanalysis precipitation products (CRA40 and ERA5) over the Ganjiang River Basin with precipitation data from 37 ground rainfall gauges and surface-observed stream flow data from January 1998 to December 2008. Direct comparison with rain gauge observations shows that both CRA40 and ERA5 can capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of precipitation at the basin scale of the Ganjiang River and reflect most of the precipitation events, but there are pronounced differences in the quality of precipitation between them. ERA5 performs better on the daily scale, capturing precipitation changes more accurately over short periods of time, while CRA40 performs better on the monthly scale, providing more stable and long-term precipitation trends. The results of stream flow simulations using two reanalysis precipitation products driving the VIC hydrological model show that (1) CRA40 outperforms ERA5 with a better Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE, 0.65 and 0.6) and higher CC (0.96 and 0.91) in daily and monthly scale stream flow simulations, and ERA5 has a good CC (0.86 and 0.93, respectively), but its NSE is poor (0.29 and 0.30, respectively); (2) both CRA40 and ERA5 generally overestimate basin stream flows, especially during the flood season (April–September), with ERA5’s overestimation being more pronounced. This study is expected to provide a basis for the selection of reliable reanalysis products for Ganjiang River Basin precipitation and hydrological simulation.

Interaction between product strategy selection and the carbon quota allocation policy

The interaction between the government’s carbon reduction policy and a firm’s product strategy has not been well studied in the literature. This paper considers the government’s two different carbon quota allocation policies for the cap-and-trade scheme and the firm’s two product strategies and investigates the interaction between them by establishing a theoretical model and deriving the optimal decisions. This paper first examines the firms’ selection of low-carbon products or ordinary product strategies under the government’s two carbon quota allocation policies and then studies the government’s optimal carbon quota allocation policy for overall social welfare, which is based on the firm’s two product strategies. Our analysis reveals that (i) when the government allocates carbon quotas aimed at reducing the firm’s total carbon emissions, the firm will choose the low-carbon product strategy. When the government allocates a carbon quota aimed at optimal total social welfare, the firm’s decision depends on the impact of total carbon emissions. (ii) To achieve optimal social welfare, the government will formulate different carbon quota allocation policies on the basis of firms’ different product strategies.

Assessment of genetic diversity, inbreeding, and collection completeness of Jersey bulls in the US National Animal Germplasm Program

Genomic selection and extensive use of a few elite bulls through artificial insemination are leading to reduced genetic diversity in Jersey cattle. Conservation of genetic diversity through gene banks can protect a breed's genetic diversity and genetic gain, ensuring continued genetic advancement in the future. The availability of genomic information in the US National Animal Germplasm Program (NAGP) facilitates characterization of Jersey bulls in the germplasm collection. Therefore, in this study, we compared the genetic diversity and inbreeding between Jersey bulls in the NAGP and the national cooperator database (NCD). The NCD is maintained and curated by the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding (CDCB). We found the genetic diversity to be marginally higher in NAGP (Ho = 0.34 ± 0.17) relative to the NCD population (Ho = 0.33 ± 0.16). The average pedigree and genomic inbreeding (FPED, FGRM, FROH > 2Mb) were similar between the groups, with estimates of 7.6% with FPED, 11.07% with FGRM and 20.13% with FROH > 2Mb. An increasing trend in inbreeding was detected, and a significantly higher level of inbreeding was estimated among the older bulls in the NAGP collection, suggesting an overrepresentation of the genetics from elite bulls. Results from principal component analyses (PCA) provided evidence that the NAGP collection is representative of the genetic variation found in the NCD population and a broad majority of the loci segregating (98.2%) in the NCD population were also segregating in the NAGP. Ward's clustering was used to assess collection completeness of Jerseys in the NAGP by comparison with top 1000 sires of bulls, top 1000 sires of cow, and bulls with high Lifetime Net Merit (NM$). All the clusters were represented in the NAGP suggesting that most of the genetic diversity in the US Jersey population is represented in the NAGP and confirmed the PCA results. The decade of birth was the major driver grouping bulls into clusters, suggesting the importance of selection over time. Selection signature analysis between the historic bulls in the NAGP with the newer bulls, born in the decade after implementation of genomic selection, identified selection for milk production, fat and protein yield, fertility, health, and reproductive traits. Cluster analysis revealed that the NAGP has captured allele frequency changes over time associated with selection, validating the strategy of repeated sampling and suggests that the continuation of a repeated sampling policy is essential for the germplasm collection to maintain its future utility. While NAGP should continue to collect bulls that have large influence on the population due to selection, care should be taken to include the entire breadth of bulls, including low merit bulls.

Strategic pathways for a bioeconomy with high value-added products: Lessons learnt from the Latvian forest sector

Climate change, the increasing global demand for food and feed and the loss of biodiversity, requires a shift towards a sustainable, innovative and knowledge-based bioeconomy. Simultaneously, the implementation of a strategic approach to the utilization of the sector and associated bioresources that aligns with the principles of sustainability represents a significant challenge. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a methodology for policy and decision makers to facilitate a knowledge-based bioeconomy policy planning framework. To map the development opportunities of the bioeconomy, a detailed analysis was conducted on the Latvian forest sector. This entailed an examination of the system's components within the sector, which involved the collection and analysis of statistical data, reports, and official information from forest sector stakeholders, with the objective of obtaining a comprehensive overview of Latvia's forest sector. Following the identification of the current enablers and constraints of the sector, a selection of niche products with high value-added for sector development was made. During group model building experts: (1) developed a SWOT matrix for the Latvian forest sector; (2) selected three wood-based high value-added products – textile from trees; particle board; natural thermal packaging; (3) elaborated SWOT/TOWS analysis to facilitate strategy development for the niche products. The developed methodology incorporates a synthesis of established scientific methods, including SWOT, TOWS, and AHP, with a bioeconomy system component analysis approach. The methodology therefore not only systematises the process of forest sector analysis, but also applies the findings to the development of sector development pathways aimed at shifting from low value-added to high value-added production. The innovation of the methodology lies not only in the combination of methods used, but also in the insights gained, which allow for a narrower product development perspective to be taken in order to understand the enablers and constraints of the sector and vice versa.

Association of Production and Selected Dimensional Conformation Traits in Holstein Friesian Cows.

The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability of dairy production traits and that for dimensional traits and to calculate the correlation between the two heritability values in a Holstein Friesian cow herd bred in Hungary. Data of 15,032 Holstein Friesian cows born in the period 2008-2018 from 666 sires were collected for the study in 6 large dairy herds. Among the conformation traits, stature (ST), chest width (CW), body depth (BD), and rump width (RW), and for production traits, in the first lactation of cows, the 305-day milk yield (MY), milk butterfat yield (FY), and milk protein yield (MY) were evaluated. Heritability estimates of ST, CW, BD, and RW were 0.49, 0.25, 0.31, and 0.30, and those of MY, FY, and PY were 0.40, 0.35, and 0.30, respectively. BD and RW had no phenotypic (b = -0.01) or genetic (b = 0.00-0.01) change. The production traits (MY, FY, PY) increased to a greater extent (b = 2.2-43.3) than the examined conformation traits over time. Consequently, it is indicated that the selection for dairy production did not result in an increase in the studied dimensional traits.

REPURCHASE INTENTION IN MID-SIZED CITY CAFES: A CASE STUDY OF CAFE BRUGE

This research is motivated by technological developments as a result of globalization, making entrepreneurs required to be able to innovate in creating interesting and creative ideas and set strategies so that companies can attract consumers and meet increasingly varied consumer needs. One of them is Cafe. Cafe has quite an important role in the culinary world. The culinary world is something that cannot be separated from the basic needs of every human being. Cafes also have a wide selection of food and beverage products to attract the attention of consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of perceived enjoyment, food quality, and hospitality on repurchase intention (Study on Cafe Bruge Consumers in Jepara, Indonesia) by taking a sample of respondents from cafe bruge consumers, as many as 96 consumers. The number of samples was taken using the non-probability sampling technique with the accidental sampling method. The results of this study indicate that perceived enjoyment, food quality, and hospitality have a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention. The coefficient of determination (adjusted R square) is 0.399, which means that perceived enjoyment, food quality, and hospitality can explain repurchase intention at Cafe Bruge Jepara by 39%. While the remaining 61% is explained by other factors not examined in this study.