Value Products Research Articles

Produksi kompos dari aneka limbah jagung

PPUPIK Business Unit Muhammadiyah University Certified Plant Seed Production Center Makassar is a science and technology-based business unit that aims to develop campus entrepreneurship based on research results. The main product of this business unit is hybrid corn seeds, but in the process of producing corn seeds in addition to producing economically valuable corn seeds also produce corn waste which can cause problems if not handled. PPUPIK developed various waste corn compost products for the development of new business units. The production activities of various corn waste into compost products aim to make corn waste as a product of economic value and also as a place of practice for students in the application of science and technology and science-based entrepreneurial activities. The method of implementing the activity is divided into 5 stages, namely: 1) Production of various waste corn compost; 2) Analysis of nutrient content of compost; 3) Product label design; 4) Compost packaging; 5) Promotion and marketing of products. This activity involved students of the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar in the production, label design and promotion and marketing of products. The results obtained from this activity include; 1) students have experience in compost production, label design and product promotion and marketing; 2) the formation of a new business unit in PPUPIK activities; 3) produce economic value products from waste; 4) potential to get IPR.

Volunteering as Media Work: The Case of the Eurovision Song Contest

This article explores volunteering in relation to the Eurovision Song Contest (ESC), which took place in Stockholm in 2016 and in Kyiv in 2017, with the aim of shedding light on volunteering as a form of “media work”. Following from this, the article aims to problematize the theoretical concept of free labour and analyse the symbolic exchanges and currencies involved in employing a “free” labour force. Through interviews with volunteers, this article explores what volunteers at huge media events do, how their work is organized, and what motivates them. The empirical basis for this article is an interview study with volunteers and volunteer organizers of the ESC in Stockholm (May 2016) and in Kyiv (May 2017), complemented with a document analysis of volunteer guidebooks and organizational reports. The article shows that eventfulness is an essential part of what volunteer labour brings to an event such as the ESC. It is also a key element in the production of economic value: eventfulness is a currency that expresses the value of the event itself and is a key feature of place branding. Furthermore, eventfulness – along with the feeling of being a part of an event, of something bigger, as it unfolds in time – is a key feature of the motivation for the volunteers who contribute with unpaid labour. As such, eventfulness can also be understood as a form of currency or symbolic capital that forms the main remuneration or “wage” earned by volunteers at an event such as the ESC.

PENGOLAHAN NANOSILIKA DAUN BAMBU ANTI ORGANISME PENGGANGGU TANAMAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DI GAMPONG MEURANDEH KOTA LANGSA, ACEH

The level of income in the City of Aceh Province, especially in Gampong Meurandeh is still relatively low. One reason is the use of free time for non-productive housewives. The purpose of this activity is to improve the ability of housewives to produce high economic value products by utilizing their free time by utilizing available natural resources, one of which is bamboo plants to be able to increase the family's economic income. The method used in the implementation of the activities carried out jointly with the mothers in Gampong meurandeh Langsa Lama Subdistrict, Langsa City is by (1) Socialization, implementation, survey and assistance programme. The current activity has been completed and has produced the superior bipesticide product of the community of Meurandeh Village. The conclusions that can be obtained from the implementation of the program are (a) The high level of participation from the community service program partners has a positive impact on the implementation of the program, seen from training and assistance in making products, (b) The program is able to produce alamai biopesticides made from bamboo leaf nanosilica so that it can improve the economy of the community and the product is environmentally friendly so that it can maintain environmental sustainability. Suggestion, (c) The high interest and enthusiasm of the community in participating in the Community Service program is expected to get special attention, so the program will continue. Keywords: Nanosilica, Bamboo Leaves, Meurandeh Village

Linking physical water consumption with virtual water consumption: Methodology, application and implications

Physical water consumption (PW) in economic sectors are linked with virtual water consumption (VW) embodied in the supply chain of commodities. It is important to quantitatively assess PW and VW in economic sectors and understand interconnections between them for supporting water resources management. Here, we applied an IO framework to analyse how the PW is linked to the VW from both production and consumption perspectives. A water scarce region consisting of Ganzhou, Linze, and Gaotai counties (GLG) in the Heihe river basin in China is used as a case study. The agricultural sector is broken down into seven sub-sectors represented by individual major crops. From production perspective, the results show that the agricultural sector accounted for 98.1% of total PW, which can be divided into 79.0% of final demand driven water consumption and 21% of intermediate demand driven water consumption. From consumption perspective, the VW of all the sub-sectors in the agricultural sector was largely attributed to the direct VW. The sector “Food and tobacco processing” (the downstream of the agricultural sector) has the largest indirect VW among all the sectors. Most PW in GLG was used to produce the low value added primary agricultural products to fulfil the final demand (VW) outside GLG. The results suggest that the water resources management in arid regions should guide the restructuring of economy from increasing agricultural production to increasing the economic value of the embodied virtual water, and reducing the export of the virtual water from the low economic value products.

Water Resources Management of Lake Tondano in North Sulawesi Province

Lake Tondano is a lake that is used for various purposes. On the other hand, this lake is a source of germplasm, a site where life cycle of important flora and fauna takes place, and water source that isused for agriculture, livestock production, home industry, and domestic use. Water from Lake Tondano also produces energy through hydropower plant and maintain microclimate. Therefore, lake Tondano is experiencing problems as indicated by the fast growth and wide distribution of water hyacinth that can have a negative impact for the lake itself. The objectives of this research were to identify problems caused by the spread of water hyacinth and to identify water resources management plan for Lake Tondano preservation. This study used primary datasuch as concentration of nitrat, nitrit, and ammonia in lake Tondano, nitrogen ballance in inlet and outlet of the lake Tondano and flow rate of river Leleko and river Panasen, including map or spatial data of Lake Tondano (secondary data) which describe the extent of cover and distribution of water hyacinth in the lake, the negative impact of water hyacinth distribution in the lake, and the utilization of water hyacinth. Secondary data was also used and obtained from various related institutions as well as from the community and other stakeholders. The results show that 88.17% - 99.83% of the lake area was covered by water hyacinth. The biomass growth rate was 9.78-13.39 kg within 7 weeks (Tampi, 2001). Data from BAPPEDA of North Sulawesi province shows that the extent of water hyacinth spread in Lake Tondano in 2014 had reached 277 ha or 5.92% of the lake area. The management of the lake can be performed by controlling the growth of water hyacinth through the utilization of water hyacinth systematically and structurally so that it directly controls the rate of increasing covered area by water hyacinth. Water hyacinth can be utilized as raw material to produce various economic value products, such as organic fertilizer and biogas.

Determinantes ambientales y desafíos para el ordenamiento forestal sustentable en los algarrobales del Monte, Argentina

Una proporcion sustancial de los bosques en retroceso se ubican en zonas aridas. Los algarrobales de la Provincia Biogeografica del Monte se encuentran entre los bosques con mayores limitaciones ambientales del pais, lo que hace que la idea de un ordenamiento forestal sustentable sea dificil de lograr. En este trabajo nos proponemos discutir los determinantes ambientales y de historia de uso que limitan su potencialidad productiva, las estrategias territoriales y de manejo que contribuyan a aumentar la sustentabilidad de su aprovechamiento, y la conservacion y la recuperacion de los bosques degradados. Los algarrobales presentan un gradiente latitudinal en la estructura poblacional; esto determina su potencial forestal. Los bosques del sector norte contienen arboles de mayor tamano, crecimiento y productividad, lo que permite pensar en un manejo forestal maderero. Por su parte, en el centro y en el sur solo se podrian extraer productos de menor valor maderero (i.e., lena y postes), junto con manejos en los que la ganaderia extensiva y otros productos no madereros sean la actividad principal. La precipitacion es el mayor determinante de la receptividad ganadera, mientras que la historia de uso genero distintos estados de degradacion en los bosques. El gran desafio es poder realizar un ordenamiento territorial que considere la heterogeneidad espacial descripta y que mejore los procesos tecnologicos usados, de forma de optimizar el aprovechamiento, y que permita decidir las actividades prioritarias para cada area. Se propone la comparacion analitica de mapas de distribucion potencial, historica y actual como una herramienta con fuertes implicancias desde el punto de vista del manejo y la conservacion de los bosques, ya que permite discriminar zonas de distintos potenciales productivos, zonas potenciales de reforestacion y zonas sin vocacion forestal.https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.19.29.1.0.752

An approach to grading coalbed methane resources in China for the purpose of implementing a differential production subsidy

The heterogeneity of coalbed methane (CBM) resources was not taken into account when the current indiscriminate subsidy policy was developed. In it, limited subsidy funds are given first to high-quality resources and even to subsidize profitable projects. Thus, the policy has had less than the intended effect in improving CBM production. To implement a new type of differential subsidy, it is necessary to grade the CBM resources, as will be discussed in this paper. After the factors affecting the resources value are systemically examined, sorted and merged, the relationship between the key factors and economic value is analyzed by an engineering economics method, and the production profile type, peak production (or stable production) and buried depth are used as grading factors. The production profile type is used to categorize, and peak production and buried depth are used to grade resources within the same category. The grading method is as follows: use subsidy levels at the economic critical point (NPV = 0) to identify the grades of resources, and determine the combination of peak production and buried depth for different resources grades base on indifference curves drawn according to the relationship between the economic value and peak production and buried depth.

Prediction of acid mine drainage formation and zinc migration in the tailings dam of a closed mine, and possible countermeasures

Acid mine drainage (AMD), the very acidic and highly contaminated leachate generated in closed/abandoned mines, is commonly managed by neutralization to raise the pH and precipitate most of the heavy metals. Although effective, this approach does not generate any product of economic value, so it is very costly and unsustainable in the long-term. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective alternatives to neutralization, and one way to improve the sustainability of this process is to reduce the volume of AMD generated and/or the concentration of heavy metals. The tailings dam investigated in this study is located in northern Hokkaido, Japan. Detailed characterization of borehole core samples showed that even after almost 40 years of exposure to the environment, the tailings still contain pyrite (FeS2) and substantial amounts of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Reactive-transport modeling using Visual MODFLOW predicted that AMD quality would likely continue to deteriorate with time and that treatment should be continued for at least 1,000 years. The model also predicted that a barrier with low permeability installed downstream of the tailings dam or ground sealing techniques for recharge reduction could lower the volume of AMD and concentration of Zn from the site.

Study of the impact of waste glasses types on pozzolanic activity of cementitious matrix

This paper deals with glass packaging and especially with different types of wastes from its recycling (Valued Product (VP), End-of-Wash Waste (EWW) and Optical Sorting (OS)), in order to make a comparative study of their pozzolanic activity and leaching behaviour for an environmental study. VP is used by industrials in the production of new packaging glass, and EWW and OS are residues which are not currently valued, so considered as undesirable parts. First of all, these three materials have been crushed to obtain a homogeneous particle-size distribution (with d50 = 6.5 µm). Then, they have been physically and chemically characterized by helium pycnometer (absolute density), gas adsorption method (specific surface), X-ray crystallography and X-ray Fluorescence for chemical composition. The second step of this study involves making 4 × 4 × 16 cm specimens according to standard NF EN 196-1 in order to compare a reference mortar (RM) with 100% of cement 42.5 R with samples including the three types of waste glass (VP, EWW and OS) in partial substitution of cement. Leaching tests performed on these wastes according to standard NF EN 12457-2 allowed to highlight a correlation between mobility of silicon, aluminium and calcium, and the mechanical performances obtained. Finally, SEM observations and study of cement paste in fresh state allowed to give an explanation of the results observed in macroscopic scale.

Bark and latex harvesting short-term impact on native tree species reproduction.

The bark and the latex of plants constitute non-timber forest products (NTFPs) of medicinal and economic value that are widely harvested throughout the world. Bark and latex harvesting impacts on plant reproduction are controversial in the literature. Some species are negatively impacted, some do not show any response, and others may exhibit higher flower and fruit production after harvesting. In areas of rainforests and cerrado (tropical savanna) in northeastern Brazil, local people intensely remove the bark of Himatanthus drasticus (for latex collection) and Stryphnodendron rotundifolium for medicinal purposes. We aimed to investigate the short-term impact of harvesting upon reproductive effort of tree species, using those species as models. We assumed that bark harvesting negatively interferes in the reproductive capacity of plant species. Individuals of both species were harvested 2months before blooming (treated) and the production of reproductive structures, physical characteristics of fruits and seeds, and the pre-emergent reproductive success were compared between treated and control (intact) individuals. All parameters of H. drasticus declined after bark removal, except pollen and ovule production. The only reproductive parameters of S. rotundifolium that were negatively affected were pollen and ovule production, and the pre-emergent reproductive success was higher in treatment individuals. We discuss the differences found between the species regarding responses to harvesting. Our results show that harvesting have short-term effects upon reproduction and may impair gene flow by affecting pollination and seed dispersal of tree species.

Reducing Substrate Moisture Content during Greenhouse Production of Poinsettia Improves Postproduction Quality and Economic Value

The objective was to determine the effect of substrate moisture content (SMC) during poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) greenhouse production on plant quality, postproduction longevity, and economic value. Two experiments were conducted, one in 2016 with ‘Freedom Red’ and the other in 2017 with ‘Christmas Eve Red’. Treatments included two SMC levels (20% or 40%) applied in four timing of application combinations. Total production (TP) time was 14 (2016) or 12 (2017) weeks in which vegetative production (VP) occurred from week 33 (2016) or 35 (2017) to week 39 and reproductive production (RP) continued from week 40 to 47. The four timing of application treatments were 40/40 = TP at 40% SMC; 20/40 = VP at 20% + RP at 40%; 40/20 = VP at 40% + RP at 20%; 20/20 = TP at 20% SMC. After simulated shipping in the dark, plants were evaluated in a simulated retail environment with two packaging treatments: no sleeve covering or plastic perforated plant sleeves covering container and plant. At the end of greenhouse production, plants grown in 20% SMC during RP (20/20 and 40/20) had shorter bract internode length, stem length, and smaller growth index (GI), decreased shoot and root dry weight (DW), and bract and leaf surface area compared with those in 40% SMC during RP (40/40 and 20/40). Photosynthetic rate was higher when plants were watered at 40% SMC regardless of production stage compared with those in 20% SMC. Leaf thickness, petiole thickness, total bract and leaf number were unaffected by SMC treatments. Plants in 20% SMC during RP (20/20 or 40/20) had earlier bract coloring despite days to anthesis being the same for all SMC treatments. Compared with 40/40, 40/20, and 20/20 could save 44.2% or 43.6%, respectively, irrigation and fertilizer usage, and 39.1% and 47.8%, respectively, labor time. During postharvest, ethylene concentration was unaffected by packaging method. Sleeved plants, regardless of SMC treatment, received lower light intensity in the middle of the plant canopy, causing plants to have lower total leaf number due to abscission and SPAD reading at the end of postproduction. The 40/40 treatment abscised more bracts during five weeks (in 2016) of postproduction and with no sleeve had higher number of bracts with bract edge burn (BEB). In summary, reducing SMC to 20% during TP or RP reduced water usage during production and produced more compact plants with increased postproduction quality.

Pengolahan Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Menjadi Granul Effervescent sebagai Minuman Kesehatan dan Analisis Peningkatan Nilai Ekonomisnya

One of the leading sectors of commodities mainstay of West Kalimantan which have a comparative advantage, especially in the city and district of North Pontianak is aloe vera. Aloe vera usually processed and sale only in the form of raw material and provide little added economic value to society. The purpose of this study is knowing and producing effervescent granules with the best formulations as a health drink; and knowing and determining the economic value and feasibility level production of effervescent granules as a busniess unit. The result of this study indicate that, based on the soluble time test aloe vera effervescent granules are not eligible. Effervescent granules solubility test is qualified. Water content test of aloe vera effervescent granules is qualified. Flow time test of aloe vera effervescent granules is qualified. Meanwhile, based on the analysis of the calcualtion of the increase in economic value by using the calculation of Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP) and the Discounted Payback (DPB) expresses feasible to increase the economic value of public income.

Pemberdayaan Perempuan Pantai Beting dalam Pengolahan Dodol Mangrove

Mangrove was found in Pantai Beting, Muaragembong sub-district, Bekasi, West Java. However, not many people there maximize the potential of natural mangrove to be processed into a product of economic value. By relying on the abundant potential of mangrove pidada, women in Pantai Beting need to be empowered. Therefore, the purpose of this activity is to provide (1) making of pidada’s dodol production, packaging, and marketing of its business; (2) post-training evaluation and monitoring. The subject of this activity is 22 women who live in Pulau Beting. The method used is the practise of making dodol by local facilitator. In addition, we used lecture, discussion, and demonstration methods are used to provide packaging and marketing training. Evaluation and monitoring are delivered by interview and FGD methods by focusing on the marketing mix, ie product, price, place, and promotion. This activity produces different lunkhead products than before. Differences include the level of cleanliness, dodol shape, and its packaging. The price also has been adjusted. The place of marketing is still done by the producer or through the acquaintance of market. Promotion is not just word of mouth (WOM), but has been up to marketing online though intermediaries by someone.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI IbM PELATIHAN OLAHAN LIMBAH TAHU DI DESA DRONO NGAWEN KLATEN

<p>This community empowerment activity through science and<br />technology program for the community aims to increase the knowledge of<br />the community at Drono village, Ngawen Klaten regency of Central Java.,<br />especially the women in processing and utilizing solid waste in making<br />nuggets, tempeh, and milk which is economically valuable and<br />encouraging people to create new business to increase the income of<br />surrounding communities. The methods used are socialization and<br />counseling, waste utilization training, production management and<br />financial administration, program discussions and evaluation. The<br />activity was held at the residence of one of Drono Ngawen villagers with<br />25 women. During the activity all participants were very enthusiastic, all<br />participants were also given material about the utilization of tofu<br />production waste to be processed into economic value products. Each<br />participant is equipped with guidance about management of online<br />marketing and finance, also coaching about establishment new efforts to<br />improve skills and knowledge.<br />Keywords: tofu waste, training, management, bussiness, IbM</p>

Validación de un método para el análisis de cocaína en muestras de orina empleando extracción en fase sólida (SPE) y cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC)

Los altos costos que implica el consumo de cocaína pura, llevó a la producción de base de cocaína o bazuco (crack), un producto de menor valor económico, gran demanda y generalmente más usado por consumidores de bajo nivel socioeconómico. El bazuco es una sustancia blanca, o pardusca, semisólida o sólida, cuyo principio activo es la cocaína. La cocaína es un alcaloide con una larga historia de uso y abuso. Su determinación, tanto en muestras no biológicas como en fluidos biológicos continúa siendo una tarea de primer orden. En el presente trabajo se reporta la validación de un método de extracción de la cocaína en muestras de orina, usando la técnica de extracción en fase sólida (SPE). Porcentajes de recuperación entre el 99.4 y el 99.8% fueron obtenidos para cocaína empleando SPE. La técnica cromatográfica fue estandarizada, empleando una columna C18, un detector ultravioleta (254 nm), una fase móvil de agua-acetonitrilo-ácido acético (58-40-2) a un flujo de 0.4 mL/min. El rango de linealidad estuvo entre 0.01 µg/mL y 1.0 µg/mL. Se crearon tres curvas de cuantificación: 10 – 20 ppb, 20 – 100 ppb y 100 – 1000 ppb con coeficientes de determinación r 2 de 0.9965, 0.9947 y 0.9973 respectivamente. El método fue aplicado en muestras de orina de un grupo de personas voluntarias que consumen bazuco en la ciudad de Popayán, Cauca, Colombia.

A Development Module of Chemistry Learning Based on Chemo-entrepreneurship Oriented

Chemo-entrepreneurship has been used as a contextual learning in chemistry and it can be used to study the material processing into a product of economic value. The aim of this research was to produce teaching material in the form a chemistry module based chemo-entrepreneurship oriented for grade XI students on the odd semester. The research and development approach was used in this study. The data were collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The result of the analysis showed the validation score of the module as very valid. Practicality tests based on student and teacher responses have shown that positive response toward module of chemo-entrepreneurship oriented. The effectiveness test module has been done based on student learning outcomes and showed effective category. In conclusion, the finding showed the module based chemo-entrepreneurship oriented for chemistry learning as valid, practical and effective for use in grade XI students on the odd semester.

Designing Production Based Learning as a Basic Strategy for Creating Income Generating Units at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

The establishment of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (later to be referred as UPI) Statute as a State-Owned State University (PTN-BH) has implications for UPI requirements. One of them is the need for UPI to generate an Income Generating Unit (IGU) of at least IDR 100 Billion (one hundred billion rupiah). This requirement is considered difficult since UPI is one of the universities whose focus is on the world of education and not the business and industry. Surely this becomes the thinking of the entire academic community to make a breakthrough by optimizing their potential. This study aims to find the pattern of learning practice that produces economic value products as one indicator of IGU value achievement as an effort to support UPI as PTN-BH. Learning strategy is done by designing and implementing the production base learning (PBL) approach as the basis strategy for the development of production units capable of becoming IGU in UPI. The research method used refers to research and development methods with adjustments taking into account the effectiveness in validating and conducting field model trials. The result of this research is the basic design of PBL model as the development strategy of production unit in the achievement of IGU UPI PTN-BH.

PLANNING COST PRODUCTION PATROL BOAT TYPE V21 FIBER GLASS

Development of fleet of patrol boats by the Ministry of Sea Transportation as an effort to supervise Indonesian territorial waters, especially in remote areas to prevent illegal fishing by neighboring fishing vessels where from October 2014 to 1 April 2017 there are 317 fishing vessels of neighboring countries that have been drowned, with details of Vietnam 142 vessels, Philippines 76 ships, Thailand 21 ships, Malaysia 49 ships, Indonesia 21 ships, Papua New Guinea 2 ships, China 1 ship, Belize 1 vessel and no country 4 ships Production cost planning needs to be carefully scrutinized, if the production cost budget is too big ship production Not economical otherwise if too small can affect the quality of ship production. The objective of the research is to make a budget production plan of V21 patrol boat type of fiber glass material, where the material and equipment of ship component is marine use with the price referring to current rupiah exchange rate, so it is expected to be guaranteed economic value and ship production quality. The method used in production cost planning is the unit price survey of materials and equipment / equipment of ship components with reference to general arrangement design drawings, mindset section and technical specifications. Based on the result of research, production cost of ship patrol vessel type V21 fiber glass Rp.554.720.000, - while the cost of making molded and hull and deck unit Rp.174.220.000, -

Blue Economy is the Economic Activities that Directly or Indirectly Take Place in the Ocean and Seas, Use Outputs, Goods and Services into Ocean and Land Based Activities

oceans, seas and marine resources for increasing the economic benefits to Small Island developing states and least developed countries for sustainable use of marine resources, including sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. Blue economy has great potential for boosting the economic growth, employment and sustenance of economy (Figure 1). It supports food security, managing and protecting the ocean environment, creation of high value job and diversification to address new resources for energy, new drugs and value chemicals, protein food, deep sea minerals, security and threats including services to human welfare and measures for resilience climatic changes. Considering its wide range of valuable resources, the Blue Economy is gaining increasing interest in Indian Ocean Rim Region for the economic development and for the human welfare. Indian Ocean supports with wide array of biodiversity and ecosystem resources from mangroves, coral reefs and sea-grass beds to deep oceans and provides economic value products

Welfare Capitalism in Post-Industrial Times: Trilemma or Power Over Rents?

ABSTRACTThe structure of ‘post-industrial’ economies is widely held to be problematic for welfare capitalism, because of inherent limits to productivity growth in services compared to manufacturing. The so-called post-industrial trilemma is suggested to allow only two of relative earnings equality, high levels of employment and fiscal balance, and has resulted in the widespread policy belief that greater earnings inequality and welfare state retrenchment are unavoidable. This article challenges the micro foundations of this understanding, that the production of economic value is technologically determined by the physical properties inherent in goods and services. In contrast, we argue theoretically, and demonstrate empirically, that production, allocation and distribution are contingent processes better conceived in terms of ‘power over rents’ with associated externalities between sectors. Our analysis suggests that the post-industrial trilemma thesis may have unduly distracted research from the potential for redistributive politics to achieve sustainable levels of productivity growth, fiscal balance and higher levels of earnings equality.