Product Formulation Research Articles

Optimization and scale up of production of the PSMA imaging agent [18F]AlF-P16-093 on a custom automated radiosynthesis platform

BackgroundRecent advancements in positron emission tomograph (PET) using prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radiopharmaceuticals have changed the standard of care for prostate cancer patients by providing more accurate information during staging of primary and recurrent disease. [68Ga]Ga-P16-093 is a new PSMA-PET radiopharmaceutical that demonstrated superior imaging performance in recent head-to-head studies with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. To improve the availability of this new PSMA PET imaging agent, [18F]AlF-P16-093 was developed. The 18F-analog [18F]AlF-P16-093 has been synthesized manually at low activity levels using [18F]AlF2+ and validated in pre-clinical models. This work reports the optimization of the production of > 15 GBq of [18F]AlF-P16-093 using a custom automated synthesis platform.ResultsThe sensitivity of the radiochemical yield of [18F]AlF-P16-093 to reaction parameters of time, temperature and reagent amounts was investigated using a custom automated system. The automated system is a low-cost, cassette-based system designed for 1-pot syntheses with flow-controlled solid phase extraction (SPE) workup and is based on the Raspberry Pi Zero 2 microcomputer/Python3 ecosystem. The optimized none-decay-corrected yield was 52 ± 4% (N = 3; 17.5 ± 2.2 GBq) with a molar activity of 109 ± 14 GBq/µmole and a radiochemical purity of 98.6 ± 0.6%. Run time was 30 min. A two-step sequence was used: SPE-purified [18F]F− was reacted with 80 nmoles of freeze-dried AlCl3·6H2O at 65 °C for 5 min followed by reaction with 160 nmoles of P16-093 ligand at 40 °C for 4 min in a 1:1 mixture of ethanol:0.5 M pH 4.5 NaOAc buffer. The mixture was purified by SPE (> 97% recovery). The final product formulation (5 mM pH 7 phosphate buffer with saline) exhibited a rate of decline in radiochemical purity of ~ 1.4%/h which was slowed to ~ 0.4%/h when stored at 4 °C.ConclusionThe optimized method using a custom automated system enabled the efficient (> 50% none-decay-corrected yield) production of [18F]AlF-P16-093 with high radiochemical purity (> 95%). The method and automation system are simple and robust, facilitating further clinical studies with [18F]AlF-P16-093.

Self-assembling and foaming properties of nonionic, cardanol-based surfactants in aqueous solutions

Surfactants from renewable sources have gained attention due to their potential as substituents for petroleum-based chemicals. In this sense, surfactants based on cardanol, a compound abundant in the cashew nutshell liquid, have been proposed as suitable candidates for this purpose. However, their application is hindered by the lack of quantitative and reliable information about their bulk and surface properties in aqueous solutions. In this work, for the first time, three nonionic, cardanol-derived surfactants (7EO, 9EO, and 12EO), with different number of ethylene oxide (EO) units in the polar headgroup, had their foaming performances analyzed and correlated with their respective surface (equilibrium and dynamic surface tension and surface viscoelasticity) and bulk (cloud points, critical micelle concentration, micelle diameter, and viscosity) properties. Depending on the EO number, different scenarios were seen. Solutions containing the 7EO surfactant were below the cloud point at room temperature and presented antifoaming properties. Aqueous solutions of 9EO and 12EO displayed foamability comparable to solutions prepared with a traditionally employed anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) at the same concentrations. The surfactant 12EO presented a rapid surface adsorption, thus favoring the formation of large amounts of foam during aeration. Furthermore, solutions of 9EO resulted in foams that were considerably more stable than the ones formed by SDS. Such an enhanced stability was attributed to the presence of elongated micelles, formed at the vicinity of the cloud point, that increased solution viscosity and delayed the liquid drainage in the foams. This surfactant also promoted the formation of highly viscoelastic surface films that contributed to foam stabilization. The obtained results suggest that these surfactants can be used in the formulation of new products with a more sustainable character and with improved properties. Moreover, they indicate the important interchange among bulk aggregates, surface properties and foam stability in aqueous surfactant systems.

Development of novel compact wind tunnel for testing efficacy of insecticide formulated products in mosquitoes.

Ultra-low volume (ULV) space sprays aerosolize insecticide formulated products (FP) to contact flying mosquitoes, while barrier sprays expose mosquitoes to FP residue on vegetation and other surfaces. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention bottle bioassays used to assess insecticide resistance are based on residual active ingredient (AI) exposure and do not directly relate to FP efficacy. The current pilot study developed a novel compact wind tunnel for mosquito exposure to FP. Caged Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens/quinquefasciatus were exposed to undiluted Biomist®3 + 15 FP (permethrin AI) or air (control) within the wind tunnel, transferred to new cages, and held in a 28 °C incubator. Separate mosquitoes were exposed to residual permethrin AI (8 μg mL-1) in bottle bioassays. Mortality was monitored 15, 30, 60, and 120 min post-exposure. Chi-square tests (P < 0.05) showed significantly higher mortality in Aedes compared to Culex populations for most time points in both bioassay and wind tunnel exposure groups. As expected, mosquitoes exposed to Biomist®3 + 15 showed higher mortality rates than bottle bioassay exposure to permethrin. Two Culex colonies resistant to permethrin in bottle bioassays were susceptible to Biomist®3 + 15 in the wind tunnel. The novel compact wind tunnel developed here may be an alternative to field trials for testing FP efficacy, avoiding factors such as weather, logistical planning, and extended personnel hours. The wind tunnel could allow programs to conveniently test efficacy of multiple FP. Comparisons of different insecticide exposure methods provide practical information to inform operational decisions. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Cell Line and Media Composition Influence the Production of Giant Plasma Membrane Vesicles.

Giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) have been utilized as a model to study phase separation in the plasma membrane. Additionally, GPMVs have been employed as vehicle for delivering molecular cargo, including small molecule drugs and nanoparticles. Nearly all examples of GPMV production use a defined salt buffer that is a stark contrast to typical cell culture medium. In this study, we demonstrate that the addition of formaldehyde and dithiothreitol to a standard culture medium was capable of generating GPMVs at a concentration equal to or higher than the traditional production buffer. These methods were evaluated for two human cell lines: kidney endothelial and Schwann cells (SCs). Morphological properties of the resultant GPMVs exhibited no significant differences between the two formulations. Factors such as pH and seeding density significantly influenced the production of GPMVs in both mediums. The cell type and seeding density was shown to influence the number of GPMVs to the greatest extent. SCs yield more GPMVs at higher seeding densities compared to endothelial cells. Stability of the membrane of the GPMVs produced in both mediums was evaluated by monitoring passive diffusion of two fluorescently tagged dextrans (3 and 10 kDa). Regardless of the production formulation or cell type, approximately 85% GPMVs are impermeable to either dextran. Cold storage for on-demand use and shipping are essential for broader use of GPMVs. Toward this aim, we have evaluated the GMPV number and morphologies following storage at -80 °C and in liquid nitrogen. A significant loss of the GPMV number, ∼30%, was observed following storage across production formulations as well as cell types. Our results indicate that smaller GMPVs, <5 μm are more stable for preservation. In conclusion, GPMVs can be produced in a broad range of formulations, exhibit a high degree of stability, and can undergo cold storage for further adoption.

Optimal design and experimental validation of emulsified cosmetic products: A multiscale approach

There is an increasing demand for sustainable and cost-effective chemical products, such as eco-friendly emulsified products, contributing to a resource-efficient economy and a reduction in our ecological footprint. This new paradigm challenges the chemical industry due to a lack of accurate predictive models and understanding of emulsified systems. This study presents an optimization strategy to design cosmetic emulsions through a multiscale approach, which represents an opportunity to boost and improve the design of these products. The study employs a model-based design approach considering operating conditions, product formulation, economic performance, consumer preference, and the emulsions properties at different scales. At the macroscopic scale, rheological and textural properties are considered and coupled with a Population Balance Model, which estimates the drop size distribution (i.e., microscopic scale). The optimal emulsion formulation is established for consumer preference and product profit maximization scenarios. According to the economic model, a higher level of consumer preference is expected to lead to increased product sales. However, the results also indicate that consumer preference maximization may not necessarily correlate with higher profits. Thus, the profit maximization scenario offers a better balance between consumer preference and economic performance. Also, experimental validation was performed for the product properties and operating conditions.

Manufacturing and formulation of natural products based on the Chitosan as active ingredientin the forms of gel and spray

The purpose of this work is to make based on natural polysaccharide compounds such as chitosan for the microorganism testwhich led to the destruction of Escherichia coli bacteria, Candida albicans vegetative cells and Aspergillus niger spores and Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). Chitosan products in the forms of gel and spray have bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal properties as antiseptic products. Chitosan polysaccharides with high molecular weight are extracted from aquatic organisms such as shrimp.Physical and chemical analysis, identification test of Chitosan as active ingredient and also non-sensitizing test of these products in the forms of gel and spray have been done on the rabbit's skin that did not show no sensitivity and inflammation. It seems that natural products in the forms of gels and sprays based on chitosan, as alternative products for alcohol and chemical compounds, have a useful and promising role as antiseptic in eliminating bacteria, fungi and viruses left on the skin of the hands.

Lutein from Microalgae: An Industrial Perspective of Its Production, Downstream Processing, and Market

Lutein, a yellow xanthophyll carotenoid, is increasingly recognized for its nutraceutical benefits, particularly in protecting the retina’s macula from age-related degeneration. Microalgae are a promising source of lutein, which can be a primary product or a coproduct in biorefineries. Certain microalgae exhibit lutein levels (up to 1.7%) surpassing those of common dietary sources like kale, spinach, and egg yolk (approximately 0.7–0.9%). Predominantly associated with photosystem II’s light-harvesting complex, lutein is crucial in photosynthesis and cellular defense. However, being quantitatively minor among cellular constituents, lutein necessitates specialized processing for efficient extraction. Although ubiquitous in microalgae, it is not as easily inducible as β-carotene and astaxanthin in Dunaliella salina and Haematococcus pluvialis, respectively. Currently, microalgal lutein production predominantly occurs at the bench scale, presenting challenges in scaling up. Factors like culture medium significantly influence biomass and lutein yields in industrial production, while downstream processing requires cost-effective, food-grade solvent extraction techniques. This review delves into contemporary methods and innovative progress in microalgal lutein production, emphasizing industrial-scale processes from biomass cultivation to final product formulation. A conceptual industrial process proposed in this review shows that two 10 m3 photobioreactors could produce 108 kg dry mass for Chlorella minutissima, which can be processed into approximately 616 g of lutein extract, or over 6000 capsules of finished nutraceutical daily. Despite lutein production via microalgae being in nascent stages at large scales, existing research provides a solid foundation for well-informed scale-up endeavors.

Quantitative Analysis of Hair Luster in a Novel Ultraviolet-Irradiated Mouse Model.

Hair luster is a key attribute of healthy hair and a crucial aspect of cosmetic appeal, reflecting the overall health and vitality of hair. Despite its significance, the advancement of therapeutic strategies for hair luster enhancement have been limited due to the absence of an effective experimental model. This study aimed to establish a novel animal model to assess hair gloss, employing ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on C57BL/6 mice. Specifically, UVB irradiation was meticulously applied to the shaved skin of these mice, simulating conditions that typically lead to hair luster loss in humans. The regrowth and characteristics of the hair were evaluated using a dual approach: an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scale for subjective assessment and an image-based pixel-count method for objective quantification. These methods provided a comprehensive understanding of the changes in hair quality post-irradiation. To explore the potential reversibility of hair luster changes, oral minoxidil was administered, a treatment known for its effects on hair growth and texture. Further, to gain insights into the underlying biological mechanisms, bulk RNA transcriptomic analysis of skin tissue was conducted. This analysis revealed significant alterations in the expression of keratin-associated protein (KRTAP) genes, suggesting modifications in hair keratin crosslinking due to UV exposure. These changes are crucial in understanding the molecular dynamics affecting hair luster. The development of this new mouse model is a significant advancement in hair care research. It not only facilitates the evaluation of hair luster in a controlled setting but also opens avenues for the research and development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This model holds promise for the formulation of more effective hair care products and treatments, potentially revolutionizing the approach towards managing and enhancing hair luster.

Creep and recovery in dense suspensions of smooth and rough colloids

We report the effect of particle surface roughness on creep deformation and subsequent strain recovery in dense colloidal suspensions. The suspensions are composed of hard-spherelike poly(methyl methacrylate) smooth (S) and rough (R) colloids with particle volume fractions ϕS = 0.64 ± 0.01 and ϕR = 0.56 ± 0.01, corresponding to a distance of 3.0% and 3.4% based on their jamming volume fractions (ϕJS=0.66±0.01, ϕJR=0.58±0.01). The suspensions are subject to a range of shear stresses (0.01–0.07 Pa) above and below the yield stress values of the two suspensions (σyS=0.035Pa, σyR=0.02Pa). During creep, suspensions of rough colloids exhibit four to five times higher strain deformation compared to smooth colloids, irrespective of the applied stress. The interlocking of surface asperities in rough colloids is likely to generate a heterogeneous microstructure, favoring dynamic particle activity and percolation of strain heterogeneities, therefore resulting in higher magnitude of strain deformation and an earlier onset of steady flow. Strain recovery after the cessation of stress reveals a nonmonotonic recoverable strain for rough colloids, where the peak recoverable strain is observed near the yield stress, followed by a steep decline with increasing stress. This type of response suggests that frictional constraints between geometrically frustrated interlocking contacts can serve as particle bonds capable of higher elastic recovery but only near the yield stress. Understanding how particle roughness affects macroscopic creep and recovery is useful in designing yield stress fluids for additive manufacturing and product formulations.

Critical Review on Metal‐Based Cosmetic Products

AbstractMost people utilize cosmetics to enhance or improve their physical appearance, regardless of their gender, race, or age. Heavy metals (HMs) are impurities or ingredients in many cosmetic products. According to recent studies, these metals can result in a variety of skin and health issues. Numerous studies demonstrate that the mismanaged formulation of such products without sufficient standardization of toxic metals throughout the production process is the primary reason for the high level of HM contamination in the samples. In order to prevent human exposure to such dangerous HMs, it is vital to monitor and manage the fate of HMs in cosmetic items, especially unbranded ones. Due to the wasteful interest of producers in making extra profit, the standards are not being imposed. Moreover, consumers are also ready to compromise with the product due to their unawareness of its hazardous impact on their skin and bodies. Short‐term results on their looks may cause fatal effects on their health. Another significant issue that requires attention is the lack of safety regulations in the country for evaluating HMs in cosmetic products. Additionally, there is an urgent need to establish acceptable limits for potential impurities in cosmetic products that must be enforced at local levels. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the content of HMs in cosmetics and their effects on several organs and the site of application.

Effect of Different Ceramic Waste Powder on Characteristics of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer

The escalating demand for construction materials driven by rapid population growth has heightened the reliance on cement binders, resulting in increased CO2 emissions from the cement industry. Geopolymers, considered environmentally friendly alternatives, have been explored in various studies to address this challenge. This research specifically investigates the impact of different types of ceramic waste bricks (BT), floor tiles (FT), roof tiles (RT), and sanitary ceramics (ST) on the physical and mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer mortar. To provide a comprehensive understanding, this research examines the compressive strength, mineral phase, chemical bonds, and microscopic evolution of fly ash geopolymer mortar incorporating varying proportions of each ceramic waste type (25% and 50% fly ash replacement). A consistent mixture of Na2SiO3and NaOH was used for the alkaline solution in all formulations. The curing process was carried out at room temperature for 7, 14, and 28 days prior to the compressive strength test. The result revealed that the inclusion of 25% BT experienced higher strength compared to the control sample after 14 days, but the strength became comparable after 28 days at 40.24 MPa. A reduction in strength was evident with the addition of other ceramic components. Moreover, higher incorporation of CWP correlated with a faster setting time for fresh geopolymers. This was also linked to the degree of gel formation, as indicated in the microstructure images. The emergence of plagioclase minerals was evident in all formulations of the geopolymer products under XRD analysis, while the bond of the geopolymer signature, Si-O-T (T = Si or Al), was identified from the infrared spectra. The microstructure of the binder showed a geopolymer matrix alongside unreacted fly ash particles. Overall, CWP replacement up to 25% can be potential in fly ash geopolymer without sacrificing significant strength loss and remaining in the range of normal strength mortar. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-06 Full Text: PDF

Co-Writing with Care: Ethics in/as Rehearsal

This article offers a vision of how scholars in community-engaged research can use peer co-writing to rehearse ethical engagement as an ongoing, contingent practice woven throughout the research process. The authors position ethics as both a process of constant rehearsal and the thing they are rehearsing for. As the co-authors cared for each other as scholars and people, through both honest critique and humble support, co-writing became a rehearsal space for translating theoretical ideas of ethics and community engagement into embodied practice. They found María Puig de la Bellacasa’s formulation of knowledge products as “matters of care” influential in shaping how they understand and practise ethics. Positioning the enactment of care as the ethical standard of collaboration does the work of making research more sustainable and generative by placing value on the interpersonal relationships that make research viable and not only on the research product. It also allows them to interrogate how individual knowledges are informed by larger communities and challenges them to acknowledge how all thinking is a collaborative process.

Formulation of a probiotic product using Almond gum.

The application of probiotics in food has expanded significantly, yet its viability remains a challenge. In response to this issue, this study explores a unique approach. Almond gum, a natural extract from Prunus dulcis, is utilized as the primary carrier matrix for a novel probiotic product featuring Saccharomyces boulardii, a probiotic yeast. This study involves the entrapment of S. boulardii in almond gum through centrifugation (5 min at 1300 × g) and subsequent 24 h drying at 50 °C. Sensory evaluation and other investigations were conducted at different pH levels to assess viability and performance. Post-drying entrapment efficiency was 83.85%, underscoring the benefits of choosing almond gum as a carrier matrix. Promising results were observed from viability testing conducted in gastric juice (pH 1.2) and in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8). Matrix stability was assessed by measuring cfu ml-1 following 7 days' storage at different temperatures, complemented by sensory analysis. Almond gum is a promising carrier matrix for probiotic products. Its high entrapment efficiency and its viability under challenging pH conditions demonstrate its efficacy. It is rich in carbohydrates and serves a dual purpose by acting as a prebiotic source, as confirmed through ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible) analysis. The study underscores the potential of this novel approach, providing insights into responses to viability challenges in probiotic food products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Tocopherol succinate-loaded ethosomal gel synthesized by cold method technique: Deeper biophysical characterizations for translational application on human skin.

Tocopherols are well-known antioxidant and moisturizing agent. Tocopherol succinate (TS) are widely used in many skin products especially used in anti-aging and skin whitening product formulation. We previously reported the successful synthesis and preliminary characterizations of stable TS ethosomal gels (TSEG) (DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14907). Herein, we develop and further characterize TSEG to enhance the stability of the developed formulation with increased permeation through skin. Cold method technique was used to prepare TS ethosomes. The developed ethosomal vesicle size was 250 nm, which allowed TS to penetrate through the stratum corneum layer and act on melanocytes. For stability study was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) by placing TSEG and unloaded/control ethosomal gel (CEG) at various temperature conditions, that is, 8°C, 25°C, 40°C, and 40°C ± 75% RH for 3 months. Organoleptic evaluation was done in terms of color, odor, and phase separation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), zeta potential (ZP) and particle size (PS) was used for TSEG physical characterizations. Invitro dissolution and ex-vivo permeation studies (using Franz diffusion cell) were performed for both TSEG and CEG formulations. Human women (N = 34) were used to evaluate invivo biophysical parameters including erythema, melanin, moisture content, sebum level, and skin elasticity. Developed formulation was highly thermostable during the 3 months. Erythema, melanin, and sebum level decreased while marked improvement (p < 0.05) in moisture content and elasticity have been observed for the developed TSEG. The developed TSEG formulation was found to be efficient, safe (no adverse effects observed), stable (at least for 3 months), and easy to use for topical application with improved skin complexation and skin integrity.

A New Blend of Litsea cubeba, Pinus mugo, and Cymbopogon winterianus Essential Oil Active as an Anti-tyrosinase Ingredient in Topical Formulations.

Tyrosinase is a target enzyme to be inhibited in order to reduce excessive melanin production and prevent typical age-related skin disorders. Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile compounds, belonging mainly to monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, which have been relatively little studied as tyrosinase inhibitors. Among the monoterpenoids, citral (a mixture of neral and geranial) is a fragrance compound in several essential oils that has shown interesting tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Although citral is listed as an allergen among the 26 fragrances in Annex III of the Cosmetics Directive 2003/15/EC, it can be safely used for the formulation of topical products in amounts that are not expected to cause skin sensitization, as shown by various commercially available products.The aim of this work was to evaluate two different formulations (oil/water emulsion, oily solution) containing a new combination of essential oils (Litsea cubeba, Pinus mugo, Cymbopogon winterianus) applied to the skin both in nonocclusive and partially occlusive modes. The blend is designed to reduce the concentration of citral to avoid potential skin reactions while taking advantage of the inhibitory activity of citral. Specifically, the amount of citral and other bioactive compounds (myrcene, citronellal) delivered through the skin was studied as a function of formulation and mode of application.The results show that an oil/water emulsion is preferable because it releases the bioactive compounds rapidly and minimizes their evaporative loss. In addition, semi-occluded conditions are required to prevent evaporation, resulting in higher availability of the bioactive compounds in viable skin.

Statistical Evaluation for the Formulation of Low-Cost Single Cell Protein Production in Food Waste Medium by Pichia occidentalis: A Sustainable Valorization Approach

Statistical Evaluation for the Formulation of Low-Cost Single Cell Protein Production in Food Waste Medium by Pichia occidentalis: A Sustainable Valorization Approach

Peternakan Kambing untuk Wisata Pendidikan dan Rekreasi

Goat Farming for Educational and Recreational Tourism Purposes: Grant for Empowering Beginner Communities at El-Farm &#x0D; The outcomes of the Community Service activity carried out at El Farm mostly went as planned. It has been demonstrated that the community's understanding of Formulation and development of livestock-based tourism products, Preparation and packaging of educational tourism packages, and Enhancement of understanding of marketing and tourism services has improved due to the training activities followed by intensive mentoring. The achievement is visible in the increase in pre-test and post-test scores, which exceeds 50%. Trial runs of tourism packages have also been undertaken by inviting tourists, including Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata AMPTA students and faculty members from other universities, as well as trial activities such as the village painting competition and a lecture at El Farm.This project has received strong support from various stakeholders, including the Village Government, the Tourism Department, Higher Education Institutions, and several business entities. As a suggestion for future activities, it is suggested that more intense mentorship be continued, including assessing activity accomplishments and the long-term impact of the Community Service Program on partners.

Surface-mediated spontaneous emulsification of the acylated peptide semaglutide

Acylated peptides composed of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists modified with a fatty acid side chain are an important class of therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity but are susceptible to an unusual physical instability in the presence of hydrophobic surfaces, i.e., spontaneous emulsification, also known as ouzo formation in practice. In this work, light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and circular dichroism measurements are used to characterize the physical properties of the semaglutide colloidal phase, including size distribution, shape, secondary structure, internal structure, and internal composition, as a function of solution physico-chemical conditions. The existence and size of the colloids formed are successfully predicted by a classical Rayleigh model, which identifies the parameters controlling their size and formation. Colloid formation is found to be catalyzed by hydrophobic surfaces, and formation rates are modeled as an autocatalytic reaction, enabling the formation of a master curve for various surfaces that elucidates the mechanism. Surfaces differ due to differences in surface wettability, which can be correlated with Hansen solubility parameters. This work provides insights into this unusual colloidal phenomenon and guides the peptide synthesis process and drug product formulation in the pharmaceutical industry.

Rationale for obtaining protein concentrate of industrial hemp seeds of Cannabis sativa L. of modern selection based on mathematical modeling and its application in food production

In recent decades interest in hemp seed concentrates, which are characterized by a valuable amino acid composition and high nutritional value, has increased. Hemp seeds are sources of vegetable protein and essential components for maintaining health due to the rich content of protein compounds, vitamins, and unsaturated fatty acids. So, production of protein concentrates from oilseeds is becoming relevant. Taking this into account, it is relevant to conduct research aimed at developing and improving the technology for obtaining protein products from the seeds of industrial hemp Cannabis Sativa L of modern selection, as well as expanding the possibility of their use as a part of a different range of food products. The seeds of industrial hemp Cannabis Sativa L of modern selection were used as objects of the research. The studies used both generally accepted and special chemical, physicochemical and physical methods for studying the quality of raw materials and finished products. The research was carried out to improve the technology for obtaining protein concentrate from the seeds of industrial hemp Cannabis Sativa L. based on mathematical modeling of the process, which showed the greatest efficiency in extracting protein concentrate using a 20% alcohol solution as an extractant. Analysis of the composition of the resulting protein concentrate showed a predominant content of globulins. At the same time, the composition of globulin fractions, in comparison with albumin, indicates a great potential for the use of globulin in the formulations of functional food products, as well as a component of targeted technological action. In general, the studies have shown the feasibility of using protein concentrates from industrial hemp seeds of Cannabis Sativa L of modern selection in food products as a functional and technological ingredient.

Sensory signature of lignins, new generation of bio-based ingredients in cosmetics

Lignins represent a high interest in cosmetics as promising multifunctional ingredients. Despite this, uncovering the sensory profile of lignin-based emulsions has remained an unexplored frontier. This study aims to bridge this gap by employing expert sensory evaluation and instrumental characterization to assess the sensory attributes of lignin-based emulsions. A comparative analysis with commercial tinted products and discrimination among lignin derivatives were integral components of the research. Results underscored the distinctive sensory properties of lignin emulsions, exhibiting significantly higher “Integrity of shape” (7.0 ± 0.1) compared to commercial products (4.8 ± 0.1). Additionally, lignin emulsions displayed longer play-time until skin absorption (4.3 ± 0.1), contrasting with the quicker absorption of commercial products (2.7 ± 0.4) and their shorter play-time. Depending on application requirements, lignin derivatives offer formulators a versatile sensory toolbox. Discrimination of lignin emulsions on certain texture properties was achieved using various instrumental tools. Despite the complex formulation of commercial products compared to lignin emulsions, similar texture properties were observed, showcasing lignins' potential to replace multiple ingredients in tinted cosmetics. Beyond their established antioxidant, anti-UV, anti-bacterial, and emulsifying properties, this study reveals additional advantageous sensory properties of lignins, positioning them as promising plant-based sensory ingredients in sustainable cosmetic applications.