Processing Site Research Articles

In vivo localization of iron starvation induced proteins under variable iron supplementation regimes in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

The marine diatom P.tricornutum engages a vesicular network to traffic siderophores and phytotransferrin from the cell membrane directly to a putative iron processing site in the vicinity of the chloroplast.

Studi Kelayakan Penentuan Lokasi Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST)

Nanga village is a village located in East Wawonii District which is still said lagging city. There has no effective waste disposal site, and several communities choose to throw garbage into the ocean directly and the river. So that, it can be collected and managed properly and efficiently garbage by using the planning design of an integrated waste processing site (TPST) location to handle and reduce the negative impacts of garbage. The research variable refers to regional, allowance, and placement eligibilities (SNI 03-3241-1994). Based on this research, we discover the Nanga village stated in the medium classification to develop an integrated waste processing site in East Wawonii District.

Page Rank Algorithm in Hadoop By MapReduce Framework

One of the most popular algorithms in processing internet data i.e. web pages is a site ranking algorithm that is intended to decide the importance of web pages by attribution weight value based on any incoming link to this site.Large amounts of internet data can lead to computational load in processing the page ranking algorithm.To take this burden into account, in this article we present a an algorithm for processing site rankings through a distributed system A Hadoop MapReduce framework called MR PageRank. This paper intended for the first analysis of input raw web pages create the page name and its outbound links as key and value of the pair, respectively, as well as the total weight of the hanging nodes and total number of pages. Next, we calculate the probability each page and divide this probability by each outgoing link evenly. Each outgoing weight is mixed and aggregated based on page similarity to new update weight value of each page. Keywords: pagerank, hadoop, mapreduce, Attribution weight...

Modeling and economic optimization of an industrial site for natural gas processing: A nonlinear optimization approach

In this work an integrated simulation-optimization model to determine the optimal economic operating point of an industrial site for natural gas processing with multiple process units and feedstock. Natural gas industrial facilities have the intrinsic characteristic of dealing with dynamic scenarios, with no control over raw inlet gas, which might lead the plant to suboptimal conditions. In this context, an integrated simulation-optimization framework was proposed, using Aspen HYSYS for process simulation, Python for optimization and Microsoft Excel as data transfer interface. Process model comprises three slug catchers, five gas processing units, three liquid fractionating units, compression systems, auxiliary equipment and gas treating units. The optimization problem was formulated based on the maximum business profit, incorporating, as penalty functions, inequality constraints: product specifications, logistic bottlenecks and plant physical limits. Optimization model was validated against actual data from an industrial facility responsible for processing over one quarter of all natural gas used in Brazil. The nonlinear programming was successfully executed using Particle Swarm Optimization method in series with Nelder-Mead flexible polyhedron for ten normalized decision variables indicating a potential increase of 7.3 % in variable profit, as well as the existence of local minima in the optimization space.

Improved Identification of Protease Cleavage Sites by In-gel Reductive Dimethylation.

A critical step in the functional characterization of proteases is the identification of physiologically relevant substrates, which often starts with a collection of candidate proteins. To test these candidates and identify specific processing sites, in vitro cleavage assays are typically used, followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to separate and visualize the cleavage products. For the identification of cleavage sites, the sequences at the N- or C-terminal ends of the cleavage products need to be identified, which is the most challenging step in this procedure. Here, we describe a method for the reliable identification of the N-termini of polypeptides after separation by SDS-PAGE. The procedure relies on in-gel labeling of the N-terminal-free amino group by reductive dimethylation, followed by tryptic digestion and analysis of resulting peptides by mass spectrometry. N-terminal peptides are readily identified by the 28Da mass dimethyl tag linked to their first amino acid.

Implementation of government regulation on Disposable Plastic Reduction at Surabaya

Plastic has the advantage of being durable, cheap, and easy to get everywhere and we are increasingly dependent. And most of the plastics we use are single-use plastics, as a result, if they are not managed properly, they will become waste and have a negative impact on the environment. With the decomposition period which is too long, which is 100-500 years, this will be a problem if it is not managed properly, such as being burned which has a bad impact on health, or being disposed of carelessly in the end until it reaches the sea and will cause damage to the marine ecosystem. The issuance of Mayor Regulation No. 16 of 2022 which regulates the reduction of single-use plastic in the city of Surabaya is expected to maintain environmental sustainability and reduce the generation of waste entering the Final Processing Site. The purpose of this study is to know or analyze the extent of the implementation of Mayor Regulation No. 16 of 2022 regarding the reduction of single-use plastic in the city of Surabaya. The research method used is normative juridical, namely by analyzing problems based on applicable regulations and also the literature that discusses the problem. And the results of this study are that it can be stated that these regulations, namely regulations for reducing single-use plastics, can be obeyed and carried out well by several parties, namely from the community, business actors, modern shops, retail, restaurants, hotels, and supermarkets. And there needs to be socialization, and monitoring for the enforcement of this regulation so that it is carried out optimally.

Suffer a Waste Change: Reading Chen Qiufan’s The Waste Tide and Wu Ming-yi’s The Man with the Compound Eyes along the Lines of Discard

This paper advances a comparative reading of Chen Qiufan’s The Waste Tide (2013) and Wu Mingyi’s The Man with the Compound Eyes (2011) that is informed by the matter of waste. The former a dystopic, cyberpunk tale about the transnational circulation of electronic waste written by a former Google engineer from the Chinese mainland, the latter an eco-fantasy novel by a Taiwanese environmental activist and artist, these two novels “explore,” as Anna Tsing would have it, “the ruins that have become our collective home.” Lingering on waste processing sites and migrant worker communities, floating garbage patches and displaced indigenous populations, these texts transcend national boundaries and geopolitical dichotomies, to unfold instead on the common grounds generated by waste. Defined by it, they foreground in material terms the planetary networks, “webs of life” (Moore 2015), and more-than-human spatiotemporal scales within which life in late capitalism is entangled, envisioning radical possibilities therein.

ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN BLUEPRINT FOR SMART VILLAGE IMPLEMENTATION IN SUMUR BANDUNG SUB DISTRICT (CASE STUDY : SMART LIVING DIMENSION)

Sumur Bandung District is one of Bandung City's sub-districts that provides public services and empowerment to its residents. The sub district faces a number of issues in carrying out its duties and providing services. One of the issues confronting Sumur Bandung Sub District is the lack of Final Waste Processing Sites (TPPAS). With the current waste management model, there will be more garbage piles in TPPAS, causing environmental problems for its resident. As a result, The implementation of one of the dimensions in the smart village, namely smart living, is required. by improving current waste management model and supported by technological innovation. However, technological innovation itself will cause new problems if management is seen only as an activity provision of software/hardware for automation needs. Based on these issues, it is necessary to create a Enterprise architecture design of waste management that aims to align technology strategy with business strategy, TOGAF ADM was chosen as the framework because it provides a method for developing, managing, and implementing enterprise architecture maintenance. The results of the design are in the form of a blueprint that can be used as a reference for Sumur Bandung Sub District to overcome issues.

Modern tools applied to classic structures: Approaches for mammalian male germ cell RNA granule research.

First reported in the 1800s, germ cell granules are small nonmembrane bound RNA-rich regions of the cytoplasm. These sites of critical RNA processing and storage in the male germ cell are essential for proper differentiation and development and are present in a wide range of species from Caenorhabditis elegans through mammals. Initially characterized by light and electron microscopy, more modern techniques such as immunofluorescence and genetic models have played a major role in expanding our understanding of the composition of these structures. While these methods have given light to potential granule functions, much work remains to be done. The current expansion of imaging technologies and omics-scale analyses to germ cell granule research will drive the field forward considerably. Many of these methods, both current and upcoming, have considerable caveats and limitations that necessitate a holistic approach to the study of germ granules. By combining and balancing different techniques, the field is poised to elucidate the nature of these critical structures.

Environmental Risk Analysis of Final Processing Sites (TPA) Using the Integrated Risk Based Approach (IRBA) Method: A Case Study of TPA with Landfill Control System

The place processing end (TPA) Ussu is located in Ussu village, Malili, East Luwu district, South Sulawesi Province. It has been operated since 2015 with a 4 ha land area and serves 5 districts, namely Malili, Angkona, Wasuponda, Towuti, and Noah. In 2019, this landfill was diverted into a system control landfill, but the implementation is still a conventional use system of open dumping. The system has a high risk for the environment, such as water pollution, soil consequence leachate, air pollution that is caused by methane gas, the emergence of disease, and the risk of landfill fire. Risk analysis is required to describe the risk toward the environment from certain activities. The study is conducted to evaluate the risk to the environment from the operational place processing end (TPA) in Ussu. The research method used is the integrated risk-based approach (IRBA) method. The experimental parameters are in the form of 20 TPA criteria parameters, four characteristics of landfill waste, and leachate parameters. Research results show that TPA Ussu scored 477.54 in the category evaluation danger ' medium ' level. The indicator has shown there are risks toward the environment at a medium level. This caused the landfill's age to be still young and hence required rehabilitation based on conditions in the field with repair system operational landfill control by gradually reducing or lowering danger risk environment.

Improvement of quality environment at TPA Parit 6 Pangkalpinang using the Sanitary Landfill Method

TPA Parit 6 is the final waste processing site in Pangkalpinang. Solid waste in this site is only piled up; so that it forms an embankment of garbage that is up to 9 m high, part of the embankment has a landslide and causes a bad smell that is very disturbing to the surrounding environment, so good waste management is needed at this site.The aim of the research is how to improve the environmental quality at the TPA Parit 6. Waste management with a sanitary landfill system can be applied in this place. A sanitary landfill is a waste management system by disposes and stacks waste in a sunken location; compacts it, and then fills it with soil. The final waste processing site which is operated with a sanitary landfill system will minimize the impact of pollution on water, soil, and air, making it more environmentally friendly. This is certainly a good solution compared to an open dumping system. By implementing a sanitary landfill system in TPA Parit 6, there will be an increase in the quality of the environment around the TPA, which will have a good impact on the community around the TPA Parit 6

Evaluation of Heavy Metals Uptake by the Plants and Contamination of Ground Water in the Vicinity of E-Waste Processing Sites in Lagos, Nigeria

Metal uptake by plants and the contamination of ground water samples collected from the vicinity of sites of uncontrolled open-burning, dismantling/disposal, stockpiling and dismantling/stockpiling of e-waste, were investigated, seasonally over a period of two years. Samples of two common plants (including Lepistemon owariense, Alchornea cordifolia ) were collected along with the root soil, as well as water samples, from the sites and analysed by standard procedures entailing acid digestion of the samples followed by determination of the metals- Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni with atomic absorption spectrometer. The results showed that the mean metal contents (mg/kg) in the plants, 9.00- 35.2 Cu; 0.83-175 Pb for dry season and 10.1-101 Cu; 17.6- 300 Pb for wet season, were generally above the WHO limits. The uptake of metals from the soil by plants, expressed in terms of the transfer factor differed from one plant to the other and among plant parts, with Alchornea cordifolia, showing greater mean uptake of Zn, Pb and Cu than Lepistemon owariense from the Ojota site in the dry season. Metal concentrations in the water samples were generally within the WHO limits. Residents should be dissuaded from using these plants for medicinal and/or domestic purposes, because of concerns for human health.

Evaluasi fungsi tata hijau pada tempat pemrosesan akhir (TPA) Tlekung, Kota Batu

The problem of waste, especially in the Final Processing Site (TPA) area, is a major issue in Indonesia, so it requires integrated and comprehensive handling. TPA Tlekung, Junrejo District, Batu City has a land area of 6 hectares by applying the sanitary landfill method. The existence of TPA Tlekung is an effort of the Batu City Government in handling municipal waste, but the landscape arrangement for waste management is not optimal. The objectives of this research are to (i) identify the type of vegetation and green system; and (ii) analyze the suitability of the function of reducing pollutants in the TPA Tlekung area, Batu City. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange a landscape in the TPA Tlekung area, in particular by increasing the function of vegetation and green systems as a pollutant reduction agent.

Sequences and proteins that influence mRNA processing in Trypanosoma brucei: Evolutionary conservation of SR-domain and PTB protein functions.

Spliced leader trans splicing is the addition of a short, capped sequence to the 5' end of mRNAs. It is widespread in eukaryotic evolution, but factors that influence trans splicing acceptor site choice have been little investigated. In Kinetoplastids, all protein-coding mRNAs are 5' trans spliced. A polypyrimidine tract is usually found upstream of the AG splice acceptor, but there is no branch point consensus; moreover, splicing dictates polyadenylation of the preceding mRNA, which is a validated drug target. We here describe a trans splicing reporter system that can be used for studies and screens concerning the roles of sequences and proteins in processing site choice and efficiency. Splicing was poor with poly(U) tracts less than 9 nt long, and was influenced by an intergenic region secondary structure. A screen for signals resulted in selection of sequences that were on average 45% U and 35% C. Tethering of either the splicing factor SF1, or the cleavage and polyadenylation factor CPSF3 within the intron stimulated processing in the correct positions, while tethering of two possible homologues of Opisthokont PTB inhibited processing. In contrast, tethering of SR-domain proteins RBSR1, RBSR2, or TSR1 or its interaction partner TSR1IP, promoted use of alternative signals upstream of the tethering sites. RBSR1 interacts predominantly with proteins implicated in splicing, whereas the interactome of RBSR2 is more diverse. Our selectable constructs are suitable for screens of both sequences, and proteins that affect mRNA processing in T. brucei. Our results suggest that the functions of PTB and SR-domain proteins in splice site definition may already have been present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor.

Crust and upper mantle electrical structure of the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt revealed by the MT line from Zhangwu County to East Ujimqin Banner

The Central Asian Orogenic Belt is bounded on the north by the Siberian Craton and on the south by the North China Craton and the Tarim Craton. It is one of the largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogenic belts on Earth. Since the early Paleozoic, its eastern part has experienced the compound orogenesis and mineralization of three major tectonic systems: the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, the closure of the Mongolian–Okhotsk Ocean, and the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. From Zhangwu County in the south to East-Ujimqin Banner in the north, a 500 km magnetotelluric profile adjacent to Northeast China has been studied. With 100 sites of magnetotelluric data processing and analysis, we apply a two dimensional inversion in TE and TM modes and obtain a resistivity model up to a 100 km depth. We have discovered two high-resistivity anomalies with opposite dip directions in the upper mantle on both sides of the Solonker Suture Zone, which provide an evidence of the bi-directional subduction pattern of the oceanic crust and the position of the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. In addition, the whole study area presents an approximate basin-range coupling relationship. In the northern part of the study area, the low-resistivity anomalies below it have an apparent north-dipping characteristic, which may be related to the asthenosphere upwelling from west to east. In addition, they may be related to the upwelling of mantle materials, and provide sources of ore-forming material for the Baiyinnuoer mining area through post-collision extension. In the central part of the study area, there are several large-scale high-resistivity anomalies below the Baolidao Belt. The different dip directions reveal the experiences of several subductions and collisions. In the southern part of the study area, the Bainaimiao Belt is located between the southern margin of the Songliao Basin and the northern margin of North China Craton. The main resistivity anomalies below are all south-dipping.Graphical

Planning for the 3R-based waste processing site in Aimas District, Sorong Regency

A design prototype will be created as part of this research project for the 3R-based Waste Processing Site (TPS 3R) in the Aimas District. The design carried out refers to the Minister of Public Works No. 03 of 2013 concerning the Implementation of Waste Facilities and Infrastructure and Technical Guidelines for 3R-based Waste Management by the Director General of Human Settlements in 2021. According to the study’s findings, the average quantity of waste produced daily in the Aimas District was 1.69 liters per person, or 40.87 m3 per day, with a composition of 38.13 % organic waste, 30.13 % recyclable inorganic waste, and 31.75 % inorganic waste that cannot be recycled. The 3R-based Waste Processing Site building is expected to require an area of 237.75 m2, made up of a room for managing organic waste of 129.75 m2 with composting techniques using seven bamboo aerators, a room for managing plastic waste of 29.50 m2, a space for managing inorganic waste of 6.25 m2, and supporting buildings covering an area of 72.25 m2. At the 3R-based Waste Processing Site, processing is divided into five series: waste collecting, waste sorting, organic waste recycling, inorganic waste recycling, and residue recycling.

Study on the Implementation of Waste Management Policies in Probolinggo Regency

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of waste management policies at the Final Processing Site based on Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2012 in Probolinggo Regency, as well as to describe and analyze the factors facilitating and impeding the implementation of waste management policies at the Final Processing Site. This investigation employed a qualitative methodology based on Probolinggo Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2012. The results indicated that the implementation of Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2012 concerning Trash Management at the Environmental Service of Probolinggo Regency was successful, particularly regarding waste processing at the Final Processing Site. The execution of Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2012 concerning Waste Management in the Probolinggo Regency is driven by the availability of competent human resources, the application of good SOPs, and the use of functional waste processing devices. Inhibiting factors include the lack of public awareness regarding waste management, budgetary limits, and the requirement for the modernization of waste processing devices. The execution of Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2012 concerning Waste Management in the Probolinggo Regency is driven by the availability of competent human resources, the application of good SOPs, and the use of functional waste processing devices. Inhibiting factors include the lack of public awareness regarding waste management, budgetary limits, and the requirement for the modernization of waste processing devices. The execution of Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2012 concerning Waste Management in the Probolinggo Regency is driven by the availability of competent human resources, the application of good SOPs, and the use of functional waste processing devices. Inhibiting factors include the lack of public awareness regarding waste management, budgetary limits, and the requirement for the modernization of waste processing devices.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mercury Exposure among Populations and Environments in Contact with Electronic Waste.

Electronic waste (e-waste) recycling releases mercury (Hg) into the environment, though to our knowledge Hg levels at such sites have yet to be examined on a worldwide basis. A systematic review of scientific studies was conducted to extract, analyze, and synthesize data on Hg levels in e-waste products, environments near recycling sites, and in people. Data were extracted from 78 studies from 20 countries, and these included Hg levels in 1103 electrical and electronic products, 2072 environmental samples (soil, air, plant, food, water, dust), and 2330 human biomarkers (blood, hair, urine). The average Hg level in products was 0.65 μg/g, with the highest levels found in lamps (578 μg/g). Average soil and sediment Hg levels (1.86 μg/g) at e-waste sites were at least eight times higher than at control sites. Average urinary Hg levels (0.93 μg/g creatinine) were approximately two-fold higher among e-waste workers versus control groups. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that e-waste recycling may lead to Hg contamination in environments and human populations in close proximity to processing sites. These findings contribute to a growing knowledge base of mercury exposure through diverse source–exposure pathways, and the work has potential policy implications in the context of the Minamata Convention.

Digital twin-enabled machining process modeling

Considering the new generation of information technology, the digitalization and intellectualization of the machining process have become the major core in intelligent manufacturing. The complex and diverse requirements, as well as the processing sites force the machining sequence to move towards cyber-physical integration. This paper presents a multidimensional modeling approach for machining processes, by introducing Digital Twin (DT) technology. The method is oriented towards the design and execution phases of the machining process and is used to support intelligent machining. The working mechanism of modeling, simulation, prediction and control of machining process is described based on the interpretation of the modeling and application methods of machining process design, inspection process, fault diagnosis and quality prediction, as based on digital twin technology. Finally, key components of diesel engines are targeted as test objects, demonstrating increased material removal rate by 5.1%, reduced deformation by 22.98% and 30.13%, respectively, verifying the effectiveness of the applied framework and the proposed method.

Learning-related changes in cellular activity within mouse dentate gyrus during trace eyeblink conditioning.

Because the dentate gyrus serves as the first site for information processing in the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit, it an important structure for the formation of associative memories. Previous findings in rabbit had recorded populations of cells within dentate gyrus that may bridge the temporal gap between stimuli to support memory formation during trace eyeblink conditioning, an associative learning task. However, this previous work was unable to identify the types of cells demonstrating this type of activity. To explore these changes further, we did in vivo single-neuron recording in conjunction with physiological determination of cell types to investigate the functional role of granule cells, mossy cells, and interneurons in dentate gyrus during learning. Tetrode recordings were performed in young-adult mice during training on trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampal-dependent temporal associative memory task. Conditioned mice were able to successfully learn the task, with male mice learning at a faster rate than female mice. In the conditioned group, granule cells tended to show an increase in firing rate during conditioned stimulus presentation while mossy cells showed a decrease in firing rate during the trace interval and the unconditioned stimulus. Interestingly, populations of interneurons demonstrated learning-related increases and decreases in activity that began at onset of the conditioned stimulus and persisted through the trace interval. The current study also found a significant increase in theta power during stimuli presentation in conditioned animals, and this change in theta decreased over time. Ultimately, these data suggest unique involvement of granule cells, mossy cells, and interneurons in dentate gyrus in the formation of a trace associative memory. This work expands our knowledge of dentate gyrus function, helping to discern how aging and disease might disrupt this process.