Statistical Data Processing Research Articles

A study of composition of teaching personnel working in pre-professional classes in Moscow’s schools

Problem and aim. Pre-professional classes are an efficient tool of solving the task of developing innovative economy of Moscow. The quality of learning outcomes and practical skills of students enrolled in pre-professional classes depends on the qualification of teachers. The aim of this study was to analyze and identify special aspects of the composition of teaching personnel who work in pre-professional classes in Moscow’s schools. Materials and research methods. The study was based on the data dedicated to teachers’ education, continuous professional development, and teaching experience. The dataset included open data published on schools’ websites and the data obtained from the Department of Education and Science of Moscow. The study involved the data of 2,215 teachers from 30 Moscow’s schools. The following has been accomplished within the study: conducting consultations with experts, reviewing academic literature and regulatory documents, data processing for statistical analysis, developing indicators, statistical processing of data, integrating and interpretating the obtained data, contrastive analysis of data of 30 schools, comparative analysis of the dataset with the data by Federal State Statistics Service. Research results. A portrait of a typical teacher teaching in pre-professional classes in Moscow’s schools is the following: a teacher by first job, aged 46.9 years, with highest qualification category, often with teaching experience of 26 and more years, with experience in the current organization of less than 5 years, and with high educational attainment. Almost all teachers included in the dataset have higher education. Some teachers have accomplished a number of higher education programmes and have a PhD or a Dr. Sc. degree. Regarding higher education attainment, teachers have graduated from teacher training and non-pedagogical universities (classical, specialized) in almost equal proportion. Teachers have studied in 82 different regions of Russia and 14 foreign countries. Mostly, teachers have acquired higher education in Moscow. The less the teaching experience of teachers the higher the ratio of teachers who have obtained a degree in Moscow’s non-pedagogical universities (classical or specialized). 72.8 % of teachers have participated in in-service training programmes, while 21.8 % of teachers have been enrolled in professional retraining programmes during their career. 24 % of teachers are continuously engaged in professional development activities. Teachers have been enrolled in in-service and professional retraining programmes at more than 600 providers of continuous professional development in 67 regions of Russia and 6 foreign countries. A large proportion of professional development programmes mastered by teachers are offered by providers located in Moscow. Conclusion. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the data on educational trajectories of Moscow’s teachers collected by informational systems have not been studied before. The results of the study include developing a generalized portrait of a teacher, describing higher education and continuous professional development of teachers, identifying the ratio of pedagogical and non-pedagogical majors of teachers, showcasing the geography of higher educational institutions and CPD providers. The practical value of the study includes using the obtained results as a basis for decision making in the field of CPD programme management involving teachers of pre-professional classes, developing and / or improving an analytical system of collecting and processing data dedicated to teachers’ educational trajectories.

Assessment of the use of game technologies by teachers of educational organizations in career guidance work

Introduction. A significant contribution to the modern educational process of educational organizations is made by game technologies used by teachers for various purposes and contexts. As part of the study, we set ourselves the task of identifying game technologies that, from the point of view of teachers of educational organizations, are most effective for career guidance. In addition, based on the results of the study, we will be able to judge, in general, the activity of educational organizations implementing such an instrument as social partnership in the field of education of children, adolescents and youth. The purpose of this article is to identify and scientifically substantiate the use of gaming technologies by teachers of educational organizations in career guidance work. Materials and methods. 264 people took part in the survey: teachers of educational institutions from 10 regions of the Russian Federation. In the course of the study, the authors applied a set of theoretical, practical and mathematical research methods, such as: a survey using semi-closed and closed questions, registration, rating assessment, data generalization, statistical data processing, mathematical data processing. The results of the study. The study showed that, from the point of view of teachers of educational organizations, business, role-playing, board and intellectual games are effective for career guidance and are in demand by them. More than 90% of respondents use gaming technologies in career guidance work with students, but about 8% of respondents never do it. Most of the survey participants note an average level of methodological competence in the field of using board games in career guidance work with students, more than 16% rate their level as low. Most of the survey participants note the average level of effectiveness of using board games in career guidance work with students, about 6% do not understand the importance of this pedagogical tool in career guidance work, however, more than 30% of teachers rate board games highly. The majority of respondents noted the insufficient or completely absent equipment of educational institutions with board career guidance games, as well as the need and demand for the use of a database of board career guidance games. Conclusion. Based on the results of the survey of teachers, the following recommendations were given: to ensure that educational organizations are equipped with sets of tabletop career guidance games; to expand and deepen teachers' ideas about the possibilities of using board games in career guidance work and increase their level of professional training in this area; to use board games more actively when organizing career guidance work in educational organizations; to create an up-to-date, constantly updated database these board career guidance games and provide access to it to all teachers of educational organizations.

Development of computational thinking of students – future teachers by means of solving problems on the processing of structured data

The problem and the purpose. Computational thinking is one of the categories that currently assesses the quality of specialist training, including that of a future teacher. The mentor of a digital school needs computational thinking skills for the successful implementation of work functions and for determining the trajectory of his personal development. The purpose of the study is to identify the possibilities of structured data processing tools for the development of computational thinking of future teachers. Research methods. Structured data is information organized in the form of tables and files of other formats. The research was conducted on the basis of Vyatka State University (Russian Federation). The experiment involved 330 students studying in the field of training: 44.03.05 Pedagogical studies (with two specialties). The use of structured data processing tools was purposefully carried out in the classes of the design discipline from the block “Digital technologies in education”. A set of techniques was used to determine the level of computational thinking such as “Geometric figures”, “Quantitative relations”, “Complex analogies”. For statistical processing of data, Pearson's χ2 (chi-square) criterion is used. Results. Interaction in the experimental group was implemented in stages: the study of basic tools; development of skills of graphical interpretation; the use of functions that allow analyzing and protecting the contents of structured data. The features of the proposed information interaction are: students with different educational paths are involved; the technology of reasoned discourse is applied at every stage. Statistically significant differences were revealed in the qualitative changes that occurred in the pedagogical system (χ2 = 7.024; p < 0.05). Conclusion. The tasks on the processing of structured data that maximize the development of computational thinking are formulated: conditional formatting; establishing links between the source data and the result; automatic recalculation of the result; filtering, sorting, etc. The difficulties that complicate the use of the proposed innovations are defined: how to state a task and to adapt it to the specifics of the field of training; how to organize a reasoned discourse.

Study of the relationship between the functional state of students in classes and professional and personal qualities of teachers

Introduction. The modern education system makes increasingly high demands on students, but there may be insufficient adaptation of pupils and students to learning processes. This is also due to the lack of scientifically substantiated and experimentally tested personality-oriented learning technologies, primarily its physical and psychological components and the adaptation of students in the educational and socio-cultural space. The purpose of the research. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the functional state of students in the classroom and professional and personal qualities of teachers, the development of recommendations for the creation of personality-oriented teaching technologies. Materials and Methods. The study involved students of the National Research Technical University (KNITUKAI) and the Kazan Veterinary Institute named after N. E. Bauman, as well as 10-11th grade students of Lyceum No. 33 at Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University (KFU). The number of subjects was 332 people. Methods: analysis of sources, pedagogical experiment (conducting experiment), methods of statistical data processing (correlation and factor analysis). Results and discussion. There were revealed links between the functional state of students in the classroom and professional and personal qualities of teachers: pedagogical tact of a teacher correlates with the students' mood (r=0,85; p<0,05), critical evaluation of his/her merits and demerits is related to the mood of the student (r=0,92; p<0,05) of the student (r=0,92; p<0,05), organizational skills of the teacher with the desire to work (r=0,95; p<0,05), the presence of feedback from the audience also has a positive correlation with the desire to work (r=0,93; p<0,05). The theoretical health saving model of the teacher was compiled. On The first places in the "health-saving model of the teacher" are the following qualities: tactfulness, intelligence, erudition, humor, culture of speech, creative abilities. Application of this model by teachers in schools and universities will promote person-centered learning. Conclusion. The materials presented in the article can be applied by school teachers and university teachers. The conducted research also opens perspectives in the training of teachers at the faculties of professional development on the basis of the developed health-saving model.

Potential of digital technologies in the formation of civic identity in youth environment

Introduction. The civic identity of young people and the search for effective means of educating them is a decisive tool for creating a future at the state level as a legitimate community. Digital space today is considered as a mental subsystem of the collective consciousness of the modern generation. In this context, the aim of this study is quite relevant: to identify the potential of digital technologies in the formation of civic identity among young people. Materials and methods. The main research method was a survey of youth in the Lipetsk region. The study involved 431 respondents aged 14 to 25 years. The respondents were surveyed in March 2024. The study used, firstly, the author’s questionnaire to study the digital participation of young people in the civil-patriotic movement, and secondly, the “Profile of Civil Personal Identity” methodology (E.V. Belovol, S.V. Melkov, E.B. Puchkova). To process the survey results, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 program was used. For statistical data processing, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test was used. Results. Among the youth, the dominant position is that of observers of the development of civil society in the digital space (44%), 29% of respondents take a passive position in terms of digital activism, 27% of respondents take an active position. However, these results are statistically insignificant (Hemp = 3.674 at a significance level of 0.001). Significant factors of digital activism include: age over 18 years (Hemp = 7.349 at a significance level of 0.001), university education (Hemp = 7.125 at a significance level of 0.001) or work activity (Hemp = 7.125 at a significance level of 0.001), urban living environment (Hemp = 8.109 at a significance level of 0.001). Digital resources are in demand among young people to varying degrees, depending on the model of digital activism. Digital activists largely use the resources of non-profit organizations of a civil and patriotic nature, as well as promotions and competitive movements of all-Russian projects. Digital observers limit themselves to turning to the educational content of large government projects “Conversations about what is important”, “Russia – my horizons”, and “Movement of the First.” Conclusion. The possibilities and demand for digital resources with civic and patriotic content are explored depending on the model of digital activism. The results of the study can help improve the effectiveness of educational work with young people, as well as the development of digital resources with civic and patriotic content.

Emotional expressivity and self-regulation as indicators of social emotions in older preschool children: Evaluating the effectiveness of development

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the main ideas on the problem of social emotions and social competence in the context of the development of self-regulation and interaction skills, as well as the role of parents in this process. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the effectiveness of the development of certain indicators of social emotions in older preschool children, such as emotional expressivity and self–regulation, using an innovative method of reflective conversation. Materials and Methods. A narrative approach was used as a methodological basis of the study. The main research methods comprise the analysis of scholarly literature devoted to the problem of the development of social emotions in older preschool children; as well as evaluation methods, including observation (V. M. Kholmogorova and E. O. Smirnova’s ‘Primary orientation in children s’ relationships’), testing (R. M. Chumicheva’s inventory for determining the ability of a 3-7-year-old child to assess mental states of another person), situation analysis, the method of reflexive conversation, as well as methods of statistical data processing (criterion φ – Fisher angular transformation). 68 preschoolers participated in the study. Results. The authors substantiate that the study of emotional expression and regulation of emotions of older preschool children is significant for understanding and choosing techniques for developing appropriate interactive skills. The relationship between the socio-emotional competence of older preschool children and reflective conversation has been determined. It has been proven that children’s ability to regulate their own emotions contributes to increasing their overall social competence. As a result of comparing the data of primary and secondary assessment of the experimental and control groups according to the indicators established: assessment of the mental states of another person, initiative, sensitivity to peer influences and the prevailing emotional background, significant differences were revealed. Conclusions. The experimental study of the influence of reflexive conversation on the development of social emotions and skills of emotional self-regulation allowed us to establish a causal relationship between indicators of socio-emotional competence and the constructive algorithm for conducting reflexive conversation. The study concludes that reflective conversations contribute to the development of emotional expressivity and self-regulation as indicators of social emotions in older preschool children.

The Role of Attitude to Uncertainty When Choosing Adaptive Strategies and Implementing Them: A Comparative Analysis on a Sample Of Students And Teachers

Introduction. This article explores the relationship between the attitude towards uncertainty and the nature of personality adaptability in the context modern life situation’s risks. The relevance of this topic lies in the possibility of choosing not only constructive, but also destructive adaptation schemes in situations of uncertainty, which are increasingly arising in the lives of young people today. The analysis of studies existing in this subject field made it possible to identify a number of subjective predictors of a successful adaptation. The novelty of this research is identifying and describing the influence of the attitude towards uncertainty on the adaptation of an individual in the context of modern risks. The contents of the article include analysis of various adaptation profiles and their link to the attitude towards uncertainty.Purpose. Studying the relationship between the attitude to tolerance and adaptation of an individual in the context of modern risks.Materials and Methods. This study features the following methodological tools: the McLean Uncertainty Tolerance Scale; the S. Maddy Resilience Test (adapted by D. A. Leontiev); the methodology for diagnosing socio-psychological adaptation (K. Rogers and R. Diamond); the “Attitude to Uncertainty” questionnaire (T.N. Shcherbakova). Statistical data processing was carried out using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.Results. A structured analysis of the factors that determine the adaptability of students and teachers in different regions in the context of modern risks is presented in this section. The peculiarities of the severity of indicators of tolerance to uncertainty and resilience of an individual, as well as their relationship with adaptability – maladaptivity were found.Discussion. The results of the empirical study reflect the importance of the attitude and tolerance of an individual to uncertainty for their successful adaptation. For the first time, the interrelation of the components of resilience and tolerance to uncertainty with adaptability – maladaptiveness of students from different regions personalities in the context of information, social and educational risks are shown. Thus, it can be said that there is a connection between the adaptability of students’ personalities and their attitude to uncertainty, indicators of tolerance to rapidly changing conditions, and the severity of the parameters of resilience. The level of reflection of the features of the projections of uncertainty allows to develop resilience and increase the level of adaptability to the relevant life conditions on a personal level. A model of a program of psychological support for increasing the level of adaptation of students in the context of modern risks of uncertainty is proposed.

Changes in Women’s Meaning-Life Orientations and Values in Connection with Childbirth

Introduction. Pregnancy and childbirth have a profound impact on a woman. These events are a normal life crisis that is present in most women and results in a dramatic loss of a sense of stability. During this period, the restructuring of a woman’s personality is based on psychological patterns similar to those of normal mental development. Thus, pregnancy acts as a biological prerequisite for the change in her life. From the point of view of the empirical psychological component, the specificity of meaning-life orientations and values in women in connection with childbirth is quite diverse, but little studied.Objective. To study changes in meaning and value orientations in women during the period from the stage of pregnancy planning to the beginning of motherhood.Materials and methods. In the course of the study we used: the test “Meaning-Life Orientations” by D. A. Leontiev (SZHO method); the method “Value Orientations” by Sh. Schwartz (adapted by V. N. Karandashev). Methods of statistical data processing were used with the help of R program to calculate Student’s t-criterion to study the reliability of differences in data between stages.Results. There are reliably significant differences in the meaning and life orientations of women preparing for pregnancy and women who have already given birth. The specificity of prevailing value orientations differs in women preparing for pregnancy and in women who have already given birth. The values of women preparing for childbirth are dominated by such values as “power”, “achievements”, and “stimulation”, while the values of women who have already given birth are higher on the scales of “universalism” and “conformity”.Discussion. The study revealed that the complex of value and meaning-life orientations is significantly transformed in women during pregnancy and after childbirth, which causes the transformation of the system of values in relation to themselves, the child and the surrounding reality. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to develop and implement a set of measures aimed at adopting a new system of values and lifestyle of women during the first stages of motherhood.

Sustainable Utilization of Novosadska variety Buckwheat as Cultivated Biodiversity-Friendly Crop

Buckwheat is important not only for its role in enhancing soil quality and preventing erosion but also for its excellent nutritional profile, making it suitable for use in functional foods. This study aimed to investigate how long-term storage (3, 6, and 9 months) affects chemical, nutritional, and antioxidative properties, phenolic acids, and the bioflavonoid profiles of Novosadska variety buckwheat. Standard methods were used for quality determinations, and instrumental methods (spectrophotometry, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography) were employed to determine antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds in Novosadska variety buckwheat. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc tests were performed for statistical data processing. Throughout the storage period, proximate composition and starch content significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while total carbohydrates, β-glucan, and energy value significantly increased (p < 0.05). Significant decreases in pH and alcoholic acidity (pH = 0.55) and 0.33% DM were observed. Total phenol content and antioxidant activity decreased to 5.57 mg GAE/g DM TPC, 22.20 μmol Fe2+/g DM FRAP, and 8.12 μmol TE/g DM DPPH during storage (p < 0.05). Of the 15 phytochemical compounds, gallic, p-coumaric, trans-cinnamic acids, and epicatechin were highly abundant in this buckwheat variety, with a notable 38% decrease in epicatechin. Dihydrocaffeic and phloretic acids, daidzein, naringin, and naringenin were also quantified in buckwheat. Its easy adaptability to the environment, ability to attract various insects, being a speedy short-season growing plant for food, and numerous nutritional and health benefits give buckwheat the potential to be a sustainable and biodiversity-friendly crop.

Study of the association between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism, childhood adversity and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Is known that the neurohormone oxytocin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of mental illness, and also models the relationship between stress factors, especially those acting in the early stages of development, and the development of mental disorders. Based on these data, we investigated the effects of the interaction of the environmental factor, which was considered the adversity of childhood (ND) and the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) genotypes in the polymorphic sites rs4686302 and rs7632287, on the severity of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The study involved 592 patients with schizophrenia (headings F20. according to ICD-10). Information about the presence of ND was obtained from case histories and patient interviews. Analysis of covariance (GML) was used for statistical data processing; in post-hoc pairwise comparison, Tukey’s test was used. A significant effect of the interaction between ND and OXTR gene polymorphism rs7632287(G/A) on the severity of negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia was revealed. In patients without ND, polymorphisms did not have a significant effect on the studied phenotype. Thus, our study showed for the first time that the rs7632287(G/A) polymorphism and ND have a mutual effect on the severity of negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Pregnancy outcomes in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: An observational cohort prospective study

Background. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease is the subject of research in a large number of medical specialties, as it leads to an aggravated course of various diseases. In the presence of this pathology during pregnancy, the incidence of such complications as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and placental abruption increases. Failure to carry a pregnancy to term can be associated with various causes, including the activity of myocytes, while the pathology in question involves the connective tissue of the uterus. In this connection, it seems necessary to study the impact of undifferentiated connective tissue disease on pregnancy outcomes in order to administer timely treatment.Objectives. To assess how undifferentiated connective tissue disease affects the risk of failure to carry a pregnancy to term.Methods. An observational cohort prospective study was conducted among pregnant women who were under antenatal care in 2021–2022. The study was performed at the premises of the Clinical Maternity Hospital of Minsk Region (Republic of Belarus). The patients were divided into two groups: an exposed group comprising 59 patients with diagnosed undifferentiated connective tissue disease and a nonexposed group comprising 59 patients without this pathology. Both groups were divided into subgroups according to the obstetric outcome. The exposed group included a subgroup of 17 undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients who had failed to carry pregnancy to term (miscarriage and preterm labor) and a subgroup of 42 undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients with delivery at term. The nonexposed group included a subgroup of five women without undifferentiated connective tissue disease who had failed to carry pregnancy to term (miscarriage and preterm labor) and a subgroup of 54 women without undifferentiated connective tissue disease and with delivery at term. According to ICD-10, abortive outcomes occurred before 21 weeks and six days gestation; labor that occurred at 22–36 weeks and six days gestation was considered preterm, whereas in the case of delivery at term, the baby was born at 37–41 weeks and six days gestation. The obstetric, gynecological, and somatic history, as well as pregnancy outcomes, were analyzed. Statistical processing of data was performed using the following software: Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft, USA), Microsoft Excel 2016, Epi InfoTM 7.2.6.0 (USA), and MedCalc 15.8 (MedCalc Software, Belgium). In hypothesis testing, differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. In the group of undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients, metrorrhagia was statistically significantly more common than in the patients without undifferentiated connective tissue disease: 18 out of 59 (30.5 %) and six out of 59 (10.2 %), respectively, p = 0.012. The obstetric history revealed no statistically significant intergroup differences, p > 0.05. In the undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients, the following diseases were statistically significantly more common: myopia, spinal scoliosis, lower limb varicose veins, chronic tonsillitis, mitral valve prolapse, and iron deficiency anemia (p < 0.05). The incidence of new cases of failure to carry a pregnancy to term in the cohort during the observation period amounted to 18.6 % for the patients in both groups. The pregnancy ended prematurely in 17 out of the 59 undifferentiated connective tissue disease patients (28.8 %) and in five out of the 59 patients without undifferentiated connective tissue disease (8.5 %), relative risk of 3.4 (95 % CI:1.3–8.6), p = 0.005.Conclusion. Undifferentiated connective tissue disease increases the risk of failure to carry a pregnancy to term by 3.4 times. Timely diagnosis and treatment of undifferentiated connective tissue disease at the stage of preconception preparation can reduce the incidence of failure to carry a pregnancy to term.

Features of the course of menopause in women under chronic stress: An observational cohort study

Background. Functional processes in the female organism at the stage of reproductive function failure in menopause attract considerable interest of researchers. The paper presents a study of great medical, biological and social importance into reproductive function failure in women living in the territories with permanent military operations for a long time and, thus, suffering from post-traumatic syndrome, which significantly affects the character of menopause. Objectives. To identify the features of menopausal syndrome in women who have been living under chronic stress (6–8 years) in the zone of ongoing military operations, namely in the Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, and in women from Rostov Oblast — the region free from active military operations.Methods. An observational cohort study involved 60 women (refugees), long-term residents of the territories with ongoing military operations and 60 long-term residents of the territories without military operations, aged 50–65 years, with clinical manifestations of menopausal syndrome; all women were patients of the Research Institute of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Rostov State Medical University. In accordance with the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW+10) classification and clinical manifestations of menopause, two clinical groups (n = 30) were formed from the representatives of each region of residence. Group I included 30 women, aged 50–55, from the Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, who had late menopausal transition (stage -1 of STRAW+10) and menopausal syndrome. Group II involved 30 postmenopausal patients (stages +1 and +2 of STRAW+10), aged 60–65, with menopausal syndrome. Group 1 enrolled 30 residents of Rostov Oblast, aged 50–55, who had late menopausal transition (stage -1 of STRAW+10) and menopausal syndrome, group 2 included 30 postmenopausal patients (stages +1 and +2 of STRAW+10), aged 60–65, with menopausal syndrome. Modified menopausal index was considered as the main indicator of the study. Statistical data processing was carried out by means of Statistica 10.01 (StatSoft, USA), Microsoft Excel 2010 (Microsoft, USA), IBM SPSS 24.0 (IBM, USA), and MedCalc (MedCalc Software, Belgium).Results. Long-term female residents of the territories with ongoing military operations were reported to develop menopausal syndrome more often. Rostov Oblast female residents in the late menopausal transition revealed a statistically significant prevalence of a mild degree of menopausal syndrome in 63.3 % of cases compared to 36.7 % of a similar severity of menopausal syndrome in residents of the Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics. Meanwhile, women from the Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics were indicated with moderate menopausal syndrome in 50.0 % of cases in late menopausal transition and severe syndrome in 33.3 % in postmenopause versus 23.4 % and 10 % of women from Rostov Oblast, respectively. The intensity of neurovegetative and psycho-emotional disorders in women of both regions increases with the aging process of the reproductive system and appears most pronounced in the postmenopausal period.Conclusion. Residents of the Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, who live in the war zone and are exposed to constant threat to life, develop post-traumatic syndrome which significantly intensifies and modulates the already existing functional and hormonal restructuring in the brain subsystems during perimenopause. Non-uniform functional shifts at different levels of the central nervous system under conditions of chronic stress lead to a significant change in intracerebral processes and to an increase in the occurrence and severity of various dysfunctional deviations.

Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and combined administration of antibiotics, lactobacilli, and proanthocyanidins for asymptomatic bacteriuria in young pregnant women: A randomized prospective study

Background. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women is not accompanied by visible symptoms; however, it involves the risk of serious complications, including gestational pyelonephritis and/or preterm labor, thereby threatening the health of both mother and child. This condition raises particular concern in light of the growing global problem of antibiotic resistance causing traditional therapies to be less effective or futile. Therefore, a study into alternative medicine approaches to asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women appears highly relevant in terms of developing new solutions for managing this condition while minimizing maternal and child health risks and preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance.Objectives. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and combined administration of antibiotics, lactobacilli, and proanthocyanidins for asymptomatic bacteriuria in young pregnant women.Methods. 50 pregnant women aged 15 to 17 and diagnosed with asymptomatic bacteriuria participated in a randomized prospective study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups depending on the treatment. Group 1 received standard antibiotic therapy; group 2 received a combination of antibiotics with lactobacilli and proanthocyanidins. Treatment was carried out in the Republican Clinical Perinatal Center, the Republic of Bashkortostan. Patients were enrolled in the study from February 2021 to January 2022. The observation period included several stages: 10 days after treatment (first control), 30 days after treatment (second control), and 2 months after delivery (final control). The condition of the urinary tract was assessed depending on bacterial concentration, with the diagnosis of asymptomatic bacteriuria being made in case of a 105 CFE/mL (colony forming units of bacteria per milliliter of urine). The endpoint of the study was considered to be the cure of pregnant women from asymptomatic bacteriuria, which was determined by the absence of bacteria in the urine 10 days after the therapy, as well as a recurrence-free period for two months after delivery. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, USA) for Windows and Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, USA). A statistical level with p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.Results. Treatment outcomes showed a significant reduction in bacteriuria and recurrent infection, especially in the group receiving the combined therapy. No bacteriuria was reported in 36 % of patients in group 1 and 76 % in group 2 (Yates’ chi-squared test, p = 0.011). The incidence of preterm labor appeared lower in the combined therapy group (4 % for group 2 and 12 % for group 1). Complications were recorded in 11 young pregnant women of group 1 (44 %) and in 3 women of group 2 (12 %). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences between the groups in terms of complication rate after treatment (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.015).Conclusion. Combined therapy including antibiotics, lactobacilli, and proanthocyanidins demonstrates high effectiveness as an alternative to conventional treatments of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. Due to this approach, bacteriuria as well as recurrence rate decreases, thereby contributing to a more stable health status.

Fundamentals and Applications Related to Data Science, Machine Learning, and Statistical Processing

Fundamentals and Applications Related to Data Science, Machine Learning, and Statistical Processing

Immunotherapy is a new opportunity for managing patients with “thin” endometrium in cycles of transfer of thawed embryos

The trend of recent decades has been the search for therapeutic effects on the so-called “thin” endometrium. However, to date there is no optimal management scheme for patients with “thin” endometrium in assisted reproductive technology programs. Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of using recombinant IL-2 before cryotransfer in women of late reproductive age with “thin” endometrium and repeated implantation failure after transfer of good quality embryos. The study included 63 patients of late reproductive age with “thin” endometrium. The first group consisted of 25 patients of late reproductive age with a history of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization programs with good quality embryos. Cryotransfer to the patients of the first group was carried out in a modified natural cycle. The second group included 38 women of late reproductive age with a history of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization programs with good quality embryos. Cryotransfer for women of the second group was carried out in a cycle with hormone replacement therapy. Recombinant IL-2 in the cycle before cryotransfer were prescribed to all women. In both groups, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates following administration of recombinant IL-2 were valuable. In both groups, the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were assessed after administration of recombinant IL-2. Statistical data processing was performed using application software package Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft, Ink. 1994-2001), adapted for biomedical research. p 0.05 was considered significant. After recombinant IL-2 treatment of patients with infertility and thin endometrium, endometrial thickness increases statistically significantly in the first two menstrual cycles after treatment, so transfer of thawed embryos should be planned in the first two menstrual cycles after immunotherapy. In order to increase the thickness of the endometrium during cryotransfer in a modified natural cycle, as well as in a cycle with replacement hormone therapy, recombinant IL-2 can be used in women with “thin” endometrium with repeated unsuccessful implantation attempts when transferring good quality embryos. Cryotransfer should be performed in the first two menstrual cycles after immunotherapy.

The impact of gender, psychology, and cultural dimensions on leadership development in distance education

The research purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of leadership in the process of distance learning from the perspective of the psychological theories of leadership, gender, and cross-cultural issues. The present research is based on such methods as surveys, testing, quantitative and qualitative analysis, and statistical data processing. The subjective (the experience of the respondents) and objective (machine calculation of clusters) assessments allowed the scholars to generate more arguments on leadership in the learning process. The sample consisted of 600 female and male students (300 from each sex, respectively) aged 18–20 years from Abu Dhabi University, American University in The Emirates, and the United Arab Emirates University. The research stated that the majority of students, regardless of gender, suppose that both sexes can develop similar leadership traits (80%). The research claims that female leaders have to be more dynamic and demonstrate higher intelligence (26% vs. 20%) and confidence (20% vs. 15%) than male leaders. Cultural and socio-demographic characteristics do not play a significant role in leadership development (10%). The main cause for the choice of a leader is behavioural and communication characteristics (50%) as well as personal qualities (35%). These results can be used for the online design of distance learning courses in universities (both group and individual), as well as for psychologists to study the aspect of individuals’ predisposition to leadership. It makes sense for further research to explore the issue of differences in the perception of educational leadership in Asian and Western European countries based on the cross-cultural aspect, that is, the influence of national culture on the choice of leader in the educational environment.

Aproximación estadística al reparto de <b> y <v> en manuscritos latinos de autores hispanos

Abstract This paper studies the graphemes <b> and <u, v> in a corpus of medieval Latin manuscripts from the 8th to the 12th centuries, containing texts by three Hispanic writers: Isidore of Seville († 636), Braulio of Zaragoza († 651), and Ildefonso of Toledo († 667). The manuscripts written in Hispania are compared with those produced outside the Iberian Peninsula to extract data about the graphic distribution of <b> and <u/v> in the textual transmission. After data annotation and statistical processing, the results are analyzed with two complementary objectives. Firstly, the mentioned graphemes are studied as evidence of the geographical distribution of the geographical distribution of the velar semiconsonant and the sonorous bilabial stop, and their Romance outcomes. Secondly, the results contribute to the phonetic and graphic characterization of Hispanic medieval Latin in the context of the emergence of Romance languages.

A Comprehensive Review of Bioinformatics Tools for Genomic Biomarker Discovery Driving Precision Oncology.

The rapid advancement of high-throughput technologies, particularly next-generation sequencing (NGS), has revolutionized cancer research by enabling the investigation of genetic variations such as SNPs, copy number variations, gene expression, and protein levels. These technologies have elevated the significance of precision oncology, creating a demand for biomarker identification and validation. This review explores the complex interplay of oncology, cancer biology, and bioinformatics tools, highlighting the challenges in statistical learning, experimental validation, data processing, and quality control that underpin this transformative field. This review outlines the methodologies and applications of bioinformatics tools in cancer genomics research, encompassing tools for data structuring, pathway analysis, network analysis, tools for analyzing biomarker signatures, somatic variant interpretation, genomic data analysis, and visualization tools. Open-source tools and repositories like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genomic Data Commons (GDC), cBioPortal, UCSC Genome Browser, Array Express, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) have emerged to streamline cancer omics data analysis. Bioinformatics has significantly impacted cancer research, uncovering novel biomarkers, driver mutations, oncogenic pathways, and therapeutic targets. Integrating multi-omics data, network analysis, and advanced ML will be pivotal in future biomarker discovery and patient prognosis prediction.

The influence of abiotic factors on the development of caterpillars of the chestnut transient moth (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic) in laboratory conditions

Goal. To investigate the effect of abiotic factors on the duration of development of the caterpillars of the chestnut transient moth, and the ability of the caterpillars to penetrate another leaf of bitter chestnut in laboratory conditions. Methods. In laboratory conditions, experiments were conducted to determine the duration of development of moth caterpillars at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30°C, with and without illumination. Chestnut moth caterpillars of different ages were previously selected in natural conditions. In the laboratory, they were placed in thermostats according to their age (10 specimens each), and kept at the appropriate temperature until pupation. To test their ability to re-penetrate the leaves, caterpillars of different ages were removed from the primary leaf and planted on another. Artificial lighting was applied (round the clock) using 4 fluorescent lamps PHILIPS TLD18W/54-765 with a power of 18 W. The experiment was repeated 10 times. Accounting was carried out daily. Statistical processing of data was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results. During the experiment, it was determined that moth caterpillars are not able to re-enter another chestnut leaf. During the study of the influence of abiotic factors on the duration of the development of caterpillars, it became known that under a temperature regime of 15°C and without lighting, their survival is significantly lower than with lighting. In conditions of complete darkness, 24.4% of the pest was frightened, and with lighting — 58.8%. At the same time, the results of the experiment also showed the importance of the effect of the temperature regime on the maintenance of these insects. Thus, the greatest death of caterpillars was recorded at a temperature of 15°C, when the temperature increased to 20—25°C, this indicator gradually decreased, but when the holding temperature increased to 30°C, the death rate increased again. Thus, we came to the conclusion that it is possible to keep the chestnut moth in laboratory conditions only during the period of its seasonal activity in nature. It is at this time that it becomes possible to study it more thoroughly, and to search for ecological means to reduce the number of chestnuts. Conclusions. Chestnut moth caterpillars are not able to re-enter another chestnut leaf, and their full development is possible only inside mines, where there are optimal conditions for this. The greatest mortality of young caterpillars in laboratory conditions was observed at storage temperatures of 15 and 30°С. The optimal temperature regime for this stage of pest development is 20—25°C. Therefore, keeping these caterpillars in laboratory conditions is effective only during the period of their seasonal activity in nature.

How does the Cigarette Company Deal with the Rise of Illegal Cigarette Products

The phenomenon of the rise of illegal cigarette products in Bekasi poses a problem for cigarette companies. The reason is that these illegal cigarettes do not use excise tapes or use fake excise tapes that are detrimental to cigarette companies or the government. The trade in illegal cigarette products does not have a circulation permit among the community. This study aims to find the influence of price and product packaging suitability on consumer purchase decisions on illegal cigarette products in East Bekasi. The method used was a quantitative approach with pre-survey results of 20 respondents. With the final survey results, 100 respondents were collected through google form using a data collection technique, namely purposive sampling. The statistical data processing used is Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SmartPLS). In combating illegal cigarette products, continuous efforts are needed and finding the right innovations in order to break the circulation of illegal cigarettes in the community. Such as strengthening regulations in collaboration with the government and law enforcement agencies. Tightening supervision of cigarette products circulating in the community. Some implications for cigarette companies such as issuing new innovations for the community to increase competitiveness in the market. A marketing campaign that promotes the importance of legality that can affect a cigarette product. A significant contribution to the literature on cigarette companies in this study is to look at business strategies from the perspective of cigarette companies in terms of dealing with the rise of illegal cigarette products. This study provides a new insight into policies that can be used into effective plans to reduce the circulation of illegal cigarettes while maintaining business sustainability.