Bureaucratic Processes Research Articles

Application of Pas Card Service at Hang Nadim Batam Airport Based on Web

With the status of an international airport and the size of this airport, the airport enforces a policy, namely that every area in Hang Nadim Airport has certain access restrictions. Airport employees can pass through or enter several vital areas of the airport, in contrast to shopkeepers or tenants, cargo employees, and airline employees, they cannot enter the airport area freely, usually all workers at the airport have certain area restrictions on the card The airport's Public Address System (PAS) is used and has been determined. The objectives and expectations of this research are to analyze the needs, design, and implement a web-based PAS card service system at Hang Nadim airport. By determining the system design method used by researchers in making this research, namely the Waterfall method, and concluding that, the pass card service system at Hang Nadim Airport Batam currently has too many unnecessary procedures, which makes the bureaucratic process of making existing pass cards. In that place it seems convoluted. With the new system it is hoped that it can cut more unnecessary time and procedures, and the application of web-based PAS card services at Batam Hang Nadim airport which is designed is expected to simplify the process of making the pass card itself, as well as the implementation process at Batam Hang Nadim Airport. Done by installing software and also the required hardware and a system server whose system design only reaches the proposed stage of system implementation.

Sit it out or dance: Representative bureaucracy contagion effects in health care

The study of representative bureaucracy traces out multiple organizational and individual-level pathways through which identity-based representation contributes to improvements in bureaucratic processes, outcomes, and legitimacy. Leveraging a multi-level dataset of Florida emergency room visits, we simultaneously model aggregate (indirect) and individual (direct) forms of representation to shed light on what we term “contagion effects” in representative bureaucracy. Our theory of contagion argues that the presence of under-represented bureaucrats (in the aggregate) can change the behavior of other existing bureaucrats. An empirical test of physician-patient sex matching in heart attack outcomes finds that male physicians get better results for female patients when they work alongside more female physicians in their unit, that contagion effects are indicative of men changing their behavior to be more receptive to women’s symptoms, and that the quality of medical school is related to men’s susceptibility to contagion influences.

“Kefāf-ı nefsler için”: Oenophilic friars negotiating alcohol rights in eighteenth-century Galata

This study examines the means by which individual Latin Catholic religious orders overcame alcohol-related restrictions through a case study of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin in Galata, while situating it within the wider socio-political framework of contemporary Ottoman policies and popular reactions to alcohol production and use in Galata. A series of Ottoman documents from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth centuries will be analysed in relation to the types of issues raised, local Ottoman and foreign Catholic actors and bureaucratic processes. These documents reveal that petitions were presented by the friars to the Ottoman state for issues relating to the purchase and import into Galata of raw materials for the productions of wine as well as tax exemptions. Furthermore, these documents are important sources for Ottoman palaeography and diplomatics because they contain Ottoman administrative and bureaucratic language used when addressing non-Muslim- related subjects.

Splinters in the Citizenship of India, Legality, and Social Trauma: National Register of Citizens

ABSTRACT The article studies the process of National Register of citizens in relation to the changing Indian citizenship laws. Scholars note that the Indian citizenship was based on Jus Soli, but gradually it is changing to Jus Sanguinis which is leading to an exclusionary framework (Roy 2020; Jayal 2019a). The process of exclusion is based on ‘foreigner’, which is in constant flux in the context of post-colonial India. The foreigner as conceptualized by Assamese leadership is based on regional and historical markers, whereas the Indian state understands foreigner as ‘not Indian’. The article argues that the exercise of NRC is reformulating the conception of ‘foreigner’ and simultaneously introducing new forms of legality to acquire citizenship through the bureaucratic process of documentation. The article shows how citizenship laws are changing by taking region based specific concerns that are rooted in colonial history which are devising exclusionary forms of citizenship.

How to not have to know: Legal technicalities and flagrant criminal offenses in Santiago, Chile

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic data gathered in lower criminal courts and in one unit of the Public Prosecutor's Office in Santiago, Chile, I explore the way in which criminal offenses considered flagrant are treated by the Chilean criminal justice system. Citing the literature on legal technicalities, I describe how flagrant criminal offenses are constructed through practices that make it possible for the actors involved to avoid directly referring to the alleged facts. From their identification on the streets by police officers to their reassignment to a different unit of the Public Prosecutor's Office or their adjudication at a criminal court, flagrant criminal offenses are defined by a specific way of approaching the alleged facts, which is translated into specific organizational and documentary practices. The role of these practices contrasts with the apparently marginal role that the detention in flagrante delicto plays in the mechanics of criminal law. As a technicality, the flagrant character of a criminal offense conveys certain epistemological assumptions about how to determine what happened and what exactly constitutes the criminal offense. More specifically, it conveys assumptions about what cannot, for the moment, be known and that can, therefore, be ignored throughout the bureaucratic and judicial process.

Audit Methodologies in Pandemic Clinic Alert: What is the Real Assurance for the Patient?

This paper analyzes the factors that explain the increased use of special reports by hospital facility auditors, such as the formalization of the clinical pandemic template Covid-19, wondering if they look like evaluation studies. It examines their training as well as their impact as well as the institutional use implicit in the performance audit. From an anthropological perspective, the audit could traditionally be considered as "Rituals of Verification", recognizing the procedure and the evaluation have social effects, in public management. In addition, auditing practices may often seem "trivial, inevitable part of a bureaucratic process", but taken together and over time, they are probably part of a distinct cultural artifact. Like the audit, the performance assessment function is to allow for accountability, but there is also an emphasis on collective learning. The audit is therefore an essential part of the assessment in hospital management, contributing to the realization of financial responsibility, guaranteed the institutional legitimacy of the managerial decision-making system.

P01-18 Physical activity for children and youth with Physical disabilities - a case study on implementation in the municipality-setting

BackgroundThe Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by the United Nations states that physical activity (PA) is a human right for children and youth with disabilities, and they must experience equal opportunities for this. Nonetheless, compared to the population at large, this group participate less in PA, being 16-62% less likely to meet PA-guidelines.While previous studies, mainly based on identifying facilitators and barriers for PA-participation, showed that promoting PA for children and youth with disabilities is a complex task, requiring multidisciplinary approaches targeting several levels in the individual's life, not much is known about how this is actually handled and realised in. Therefore, this study aimed to assess how practices in local settings influence PA-implementation for children and youth with physical disabilities.MethodsThe study was designed as a qualitative multiple case study with two danish municipalities. A total of 23 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from different municipal departments were conducted and local policy documents were included. Thematic analysis was performed, based on Winter's integrated implementation model, Lipsky's theory on street-level bureaucrats, and Gittell's theory on relational coordination.ResultsPA-implementation for children and youth with physical disabilities is a complex challenge, involving many stakeholders and departments. The study found that efficient and sustainable performance can be improved by strengthening intersectoral collaboration, identifying shared goals and ambitions regarding PA for children and youth and, more concretely, supporting the work done by relevant local governmental departments and the schooling system. One of the municipalities had an explicit political focus on parasport and employed a parasport consultant, which had a positive influence on PA promotion across departments. In both municipalities consultants, coordinating cross-sectional processes, seemed to play an essential role. Additionally, the findings supported Michael Lipsky's theory regarding how street-level bureaucratic behaviour influence implementation processes and performances.ConclusionsThe organisational structure of municipalities challenges performances on PA-implementation for children and youth with disabilities. Hopefully, the findings can inspire and support various stakeholders to strengthen their efforts to install high-performance and collaboration in order to establish quality, sustainable and diversified possibilities for PA participation among children and youth with disabilities.

Are ERDFs Devoted to Boosting ICTs in SMEs Inefficient? A Three-Stage SBM Approach

We assessed the implementation of operational programs (OPs) aimed at boosting the deployment of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We performed a three-stage slack-based measure (SBM) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model combined with the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), which considered data and contextual factors reported from the European Union (EU) to appraise 51 OPs from 16 countries. Overall, we discovered that by eliminating the contextual factors, almost 27% of the OPs (14) attained efficient procedural results. The OP “Multi-regional Spain—ERDF” is widely perceived as a benchmark, irrespective of its contextual factors, remaining robustly efficient for data perturbations ranging from 5% to 10%. The “Number of Operations Supported” is the indicator that requires attention, both with or without the removal of contextual factors. Our findings suggest that more developed regions, with a greater proportion of ICT professionals, are associated with a poor utilization and allocation of ERDF funds to promote ICT adoption in SMEs. This could be attributed to an inability of SMEs to handle the complex bureaucratic processes of submitting and executing European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) initiatives. Consequently, it is vital to provide additional assistance that streamlines the management formalities and satisfies the needs of SMEs.

EDUCATION: THE ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF HUMAN POTENTIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC MODERNIZATION OF RUSSIA

The article raises one of the most pressing problems caused by both the general crisis of the existing market economy model and the exacerbation of geopolitical contradictions in 2022 — the problem of identifying key factors that ensure technological and socio-economic modernization. One of the least studied aspects of this problem is highlighted — the role of education in the formation of human potential, which in the conditions of transition to the 5th and 6th technological modes becomes the most important source of technological and socio-economic progress. The reason for this is that the main content of these transformations is creative work in its content, while the formation of a person’s creative potential is provided primarily by the education system, understood as the unity of the processes of learning, education and enlightenment. The modern education system, however, is characterized by contradictions associated with the deployment of the processes of commercialization, financialization and bureaucratization of education, which reduces the effectiveness of this area in the formation of human potential and, consequently, the implementation of technological and socio-economic modernization. In conclusion, the main directions of resolving these contradictions are highlighted.

Exchanging Symbols: Monuments and Memorials in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Exchanging Symbols: Monuments and Memorials in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Russia’s expanding adaptation agenda and its limitations

ABSTRACT Russian science has long warned of adverse climate impacts (also noting some positive effects), but state policies have been lacking. By analysing key policy documents over the last 15 years, this study identifies and explains the development of an adaptation policy. Most recently, a bureaucratic process set in motion by Russia’s ratification of the Paris Agreement produced a set of policy documents addressing adaptation to negative climate impacts. These documents employed a bureaucratic-administrative approach, and the effectiveness of expected measures can be questioned. From 2020, a deeper reassessment of climate challenges has evolved, triggered by radical climate changes observed in the Russian Arctic, but also by developments in international climate policies and the energy transition. Economic adaptation to these trends has come to the forefront, raising questions of the need for structural change in the Russian economy. Opposition to reform remains strong, but the scope for discussion of possible pathways has widened considerably. Further development of low-carbon policies in Russia are contingent on international cooperation and integration of Russia in the world economy. The isolation of Russia, following the invasion of Ukraine, will make it difficult to influence Russian climate policies. Key policy insights Unlike the West, Russian climate policy has focused on adaptation, rather than mitigation. But policies have been weak, and adaptation not mainstreamed. Detailed recommendations for adaptation to climate change impacts adopted in 2021 signalled higher political attention, but framed adaptation largely as a technical task. Since 2020, a broader climate change and adaptation discourse entered Russian politics where adaptation to international climate policies and the energy transition is at the centre. Debate on Russia’s role in the changing energy market had started, but the invasion of Ukraine and the ensuing international isolation of Russia is likely to reduce Russia’s capacity and incentives to carry out low-carbon policies. Western countries will have to consider how they can provide climate policy incentives to Russia in the new international situation, as Russia will remain essential for the success of the climate regime. Science diplomacy may become important.

The Service Records of Heads of Departments and Members of the State Council: The Problem of Source Reliability

This study focuses on service records, a mass source of government records management in the Russian Empire between the eighteenth and early twentieth centuries. The service record was a document containing basic biographical information about the official (surname, first name, patronymic, age, social origin, religion, education. Also, the document reflected whether the official had real estate, their marital status, children, stages of service, awards, penalties, etc.). For government agencies, service records were the main source of information and a means of controlling officials, and for officials themselves – certificates attesting to their abilities, experience, and impeccable reputation. The analysis of historiography on the issue demonstrates, on the one hand, that service records are a source that is in high demand by researchers. At the same time, the uncritical approach to these documents still prevails in historical studies. The valuable information they contain is used without comparison with data from other sources, without identifying and analysing materials that clarify the bureaucratic process of creating service records. As a result, experts do not have satisfactorily reasoned ideas about the completeness and reliability of this type of source. The article attempts to answer these questions by referring to personal service documentation of heads of departments (ministers and chief executives) and members of the State Council (about 600 persons in total). The author considers the legislation on service records and points out problems that arose in providing reliable information for them. The information of various sections of the service records is compared with data from other sources – metric books, personal decrees, supreme orders on the civil department, personal files of officials, and published lists of officials. The author concludes that the information from different sections of the service records is not equally reliable, and that the completeness and accuracy of the source in the state records management of the Russian Empire varied depending on the order of data collection and control over the process by the government.

Asian American Burnout Experiences in Local Government

How the Paradoxical Treatment of Asian Americans as Model Minorities and Perpetual Foreigners Shape Their Burnout Experiences in Local Government Abstract: Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial group in the United States. This trend signals a need for greater representation and retention of Asian American employees in local government to ensure this growing population is well-represented in bureaucratic decision-making processes and public service provisions. In our study, we examine burnout and emotional labor among Asian Americans in local government through a mixed-methods approach. Our sample consists of local government workers from a large and diverse county in California. We surveyed participants in 2018 and surveyed and interviewed a subset in 2020. We find that Asian Americans in the public sector are dealing with emotional stressors from multiple sides: internal expectations and collectivist values, external pressures from interpersonal relationships at work and from residents, and racialized collective trauma from the public display of anti-Asian acts that only heighten feelings of being perpetually foreign. The interaction of these stressors is leading Asian Americans in the public sector to experience burnout and its many dimensions in greater intensity than non-Asians employees in general.

Cash-based aid distribution-Case study: Typhoon Yolanda.

Cash-based humanitarian responses tend to empower locally driven recoveries. However, in--country barriers can prevent that recovery stimulus from achieving its full potential for the impacted population. This study discusses issues surrounding cash-based responses, opposite traditional food, or material aid. Next, this project produced a pilot case study that focused on soliciting information from two sets of respondents, namely, community leaders and households located in the 2013 Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) disaster area to gauge sentiment of whether relief funds had a positive impact on recovery. Findings reveal that the lack of clarity in government and nongovernment stakeholders combined with an onerous bureaucratic process restricted the access to funds. Additionally, poor information dissemination and communication strategies resulted in inefficiencies in distributing funds. Recommendations to address the identified gaps, both in funding protocols and communication strategies, were made to help those areas still struggling from this disaster in the Philippines and as an example to forward the international body of knowledge on improving cash-based aid interventions. Practical implications include supporting global trends that cash-based aid can, indeed, support locally empowered and sustainable recoveries while noting that there are still improvements to be made to this type of disaster response.

Writing with Grief

In three episodic moments related to my father’s passing, through an autoethnographic voice I describe how grief is performed in a North Indian Punjabi household. Adding to existing autoethnographies on death and grief, I hope this essay encourages critical and empathetic consideration of how grief is observed in a distinct cultural context. Often in South Asia, grief is neither cultivated nor narrativized; instead, it has an ominous silence surrounding it. Grief is expected to be lived with but is rarely spoken or written about. There is often no script available on how to live with grief. Hence, in lieu of an absent script, I write through the grief to depict how I experienced and, in turn, coped with it. I write about grief in three sections: the intervention of the State and bureaucratic processes, family rituals and customs, and food habits. My goal in this essay is to offer an opportunity to reflect on how grief is performed, on father–daughter relationships, and on adjusting to life after death of a loved one.

ENDURING HARM: Unlikely Comparisons, Slow Violence and the Administration of Urban Injustice

AbstractIn this comparative and collaborative collection of essays we work through contemporary and historical practices of governing urban waters in Philadelphia and Mumbai. Taken together, the essays in this collection argue that events of enduring harm visited upon racialized, marginalized citizens are produced through slow bureaucratic processes of aversion, ambiguation and ambivalence, perpetuated in and through regulatory regimes, water quality standards, legal discourses and everyday practices in the city. These practices entangle racialized and poorer populations in situations of durable and everyday harm and are central to the creation, maintenance and reproduction of vulnerable and disposable human and non‐human life in the city.

Reforming and Creating a Business-Friendly Environment: An Empirical Case Study of (Non-Profit Organization) in Nigeria

As a religious country, the people's faith has influenced business behavior and actions. Some residents view their religion as a culture, way of life, trust-currency, and/or a segregation index. Previous studies have analyzed and attributed corruption in Nigeria as the primary cause of the dwindling economy, attributing a direct and sometimes indirect correlation to the nation's focus on religion as the catalyst of the country's problem. This article is an internal whitepaper of the Ane Osiobe International Foundation's activities, utilizing its costs of operation and estimated budget for future projects to analyze the economic impact of corruption on the Nigerian economy's business-friendly environment, attraction, and retention. The impact results show the direct, indirect, and induced effects of a hostile business environment as non-profit organizations try to help residents of the Nigerian economy, and the government places a heavy tax burden on their donations under section 12-A of the Nigerian tax code and the indirect bureaucratic corrupted processes on every activity that can promote economic growth and development within the region; which is simply an indirect, self-induced economic war against the Nigerian people that in turn creates a vicious domino-and-multiplier effect against the nation in the international market. The recommendation from the study builds on the premise that the most valuable asset to combat this hostile virtuous cycle is trust and transparency not only at the national level but where it is most needed, which is the individual level.

Perceived Barriers and Enablers of Nursing Research in the Italian Context: Findings from a Systematic Review.

IntroductionThe research capacity of nurses has been reported to be still constrained in several countries, and not fully implemented in its potentiality due to a large number of factors. Despite its relevance both for clinical and public health purposes, no summary has been compiled to date regarding factors influencing the research capacity in the Italian context. Therefore, the primary aim of this review was to identify the barriers and enablers of conducting research as perceived by Italian nurses.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review. The following databases have been searched: ILISI ® (Indice della Letteratura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche) MEDLINE-via PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Ovid, Open Grey, Google Scopus, and Web of Science. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria.ResultsThe studies were mainly descriptive, with two quasi-experimental. A total of seven barriers and four facilitators of conducting research among Italian nurses were identified. The constraints were poor English knowledge, technology and library availability and accessibility, understaffing and lack of time, nursing culture characteristics, lack of nursing leadership support, scarce funding availability, and the bureaucratic ethical committee process. The facilitators were nursing journal reading, expert research team support, university and hospital partnerships, and international cooperation.ConclusionsGiven the small number and the high heterogeneity of the emerged studies, this systematic review provides an initial framework for the constraints that prevent, and the strategies that promote, Italian nurses’ participation/conducting of research projects that could inform policies in this field.

Engaging formal and informal institutions for stewardship of rockfish fisheries in the Gulf of Alaska

Examining relationships between formal and informal institutions for governing small-scale fisheries may reveal pathways for effectively engaging resource users in management. This study explored formal and informal institutions for management of rockfish (Sebastes spp.) fisheries in the Gulf of Alaska. Forty-three experts (fishers and agency staff) were interviewed about their engagement with rockfish management. We analyzed interactions and gaps between formal and informal management institutions using the Inter-Institutional Gap (IIG) framework. Participation in the State of Alaska Board of Fisheries (BOF) process, a formal management institution, was viewed by some experts as more effective for enacting regulatory change, compared to informal institutions. However, fishers who were deterred from engaging with the BOF by complex bureaucratic processes tended to favor informal interactions with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) through visits to local offices and communication with port samplers. Formal institutional gaps identified by experts included transparency issues regarding regulatory decisions and/or interpretation, underrepresentation of recreational and subsistence harvesters in the BOF process, complexity of regulations, and bureaucratic barriers to coordination between the Sport and Commercial divisions of ADF&G. Informal institutions of self-governance, such as stewardship actions taken by fishers to reduce bycatch and minimize harm to incidentally caught fish, were identified by fishers and agency staff as important to rockfish fishery sustainability. Communication gaps in rockfish management may also be addressed by strengthening informal institutions that build trust and relationships between fishers and agency staff, such as collaborative research to coproduce knowledge about rockfish ecology.

Bureaucratic Reform Strategy In Improving The Quality Of Public Services By Implementing Bureaucratic Communication Model in Cimahi City

This study aims to look at the bureaucratic reform strategy for improving public services in Cimahi City. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, namely interview data collection techniques, literature study, and observation. Research result; mapping of the condition of the Cimahi City Regional Government in terms of institutions, management, bureaucratic ethics, a description of the reasons why bureaucratic reform is needed, and the formulation of general guidelines for bureaucratic reform strategies that refer to the Grand Design of bureaucratic reform through 8 (eight) areas of change, namely: Mental Apparatus, Legislation -Invitation, Performance Accountability, Management, Supervision, Institutional, Apparatus HR, and Public Services. And the formation of a model of government bureaucratic communication. The bureaucratic communication model is expected to be able to accelerate the process of bureaucratic reform in government. The models are SR (Stimulus-Response) model, Aristotels Linear communication model, Linear development communication model (Shannon and Wever), SMCR Communication Model (Sender, Message, Channel, and Receiver), Bureaucratic Communication Process model, and Bureaucratic communication model. With the government bureaucratic communication model in public services, it is expected to create quality and effective communication.