Urbanization Process In China Research Articles

Sustainability based perspective on the utilization efficiency of urban infrastructure --- A China study

The development of urban infrastructures has been playing a key role in the urbanization process in China over last several decades. Great scale of urban infrastructures has been built and it is anticipated that great number of more will be built in the near future in the country. This paper examines whether these built infrastructures have been effectively utilized from a sustainability perspective that integrates economic, social, and environmental concerns. The Super-slack-based measure (Super-SBM) model is adopted to analyze the utilization efficiency of urban infrastructure. Data used are from 281 sample cities in China for the period of 2003–2017. Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is further used to examine the dynamic change of the utilization efficiency between these sample cities. The study reveals that the overall infrastructure utilization efficiency is at low level across China. The empirical analysis results show that 86% Chinese cities have low infrastructure utilization efficiency and only 11% cities present continuous satisfactory performance. There are considerable efficiency disparities both between regions and cities. It is interesting to note that some economically less developed cities present better infrastructure utilization efficiency than some better developed cities, and vice versa. Nevertheless, it is encouraging to note that 78% of the sample cities have experienced positive shift in improving infrastructure utilization efficiency in the surveyed period. The research findings provide valuable references for assisting government departments and practitioners to take measures for improving the efficiency in utilizing urban infrastructure in China.

Scenario Modeling of Urbanization Development and Water Scarcity Based on System Dynamics: A Case Study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration, China.

Due to the accelerated process of urbanization in China, urban agglomerations have become the core areas for human settlement and economic development. High population and economic density has brought great pressure on water supply. Water scarcity is increasingly becoming one of the most important issues for the sustainable and healthy development of China’s urban agglomerations. In this paper, a system dynamics model was constructed to simulate the current conditions and future scenarios of urbanization development and water scarcity in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration in 2000–2030, by examining the interaction and feedback between the six major subsystems: water supply, water demand, water pollution, population urbanization, economic urbanization, and land urbanization. It is found that the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and the improved Reclaimed Water Reuse System may greatly increase the water supply. However, the speed of population urbanization and economic growth, the spatial structure of urban agglomeration and the water consumption pattern may determine the water demand. Although all scenarios may risk water scarcity in the future at some point, we could detect a comprehensive and relatively rational scenario to balance water scarcity, regional equity, and efficiency. It might help to synthetically understand the coordinated development mode between urbanization and water resources in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration, and provide a useful analytical and decision support tool for scientists and policy-makers to achieve the sustainable urbanization development and water resource management.

How fire safety management attended during the urbanization process in China?

This paper examines how the performance of fire safety management is attended during the dramatic urbanization development process in China. Correlation and regression analysis methods are used to investigate the interrelationship between fire safety management performance and urbanization development. Three indicators are selected to measure the fire safety management performance, and seventeen indicators are used to measure urbanization development. The data used are collected from 31 provinces in China during 2005–2014. The analysis is conducted at both national and regional levels. The results show that fire safety management has not been well addressed in China although the country has made great progress in its urbanization development. The key attributes to the poor performance of fire safety management include the growth of urban population density, the increase of built-up urban areas, and the lack of fire safety education investment. There are also significant variations between different regions in addressing fire safety management, and the reasons contributing to the differences have been discussed. The findings suggest that tailor-made measures should be implemented in different regions in order to improve the performance of fire safety management throughout the country. • The interrelationship between fire safety management performance and urbanization development in China is investigated. • Significant variations exist between regions in addressing the fire safety management during urbanization development. • Reasons behind the interrelationship performance at both national and regional level are discussed in depth. • Policy-recommendations are proposed to enhance fire safety management incorporating most typical urbanization variables.

Exploring spatial-temporal change and gravity center movement of construction land in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration

Urban agglomeration is caused by the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process in China. Studying the expansion of construction land can not only know the changes and development of urban agglomeration in time, but also obtain the great significance of the future management. In this study, taking Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (Chang-Zhu-Tan) urban agglomeration in Hunan province as a study area, Landsat images from 1995 to 2014 and Autologistic-CLUE-S model simulation data were used. Moreover, several factors including gravity center, direction, distance and landscape index were considered in the analysis of the expansion. The results revealed that the construction area increased by 132.18%, from 372.28 km2 in 1995 to 864.37 km2 in 2014. And it might even reach 1327.23 km2 in 2023. Before 2014, three cities had their own respective and discrete development directions. However, because of the integration policy implementation in 2008, the Chang-Zhu-Tan began to gather, the gravity center moved southward after 2014, and the distance between cities decreased, which was in line with the development plan of urban expansion. The research methods and results were relatively reliable, and these results could provide some reference for the future land use planning and spatial allocation in the urbanization process of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration.

The chosen fortunate in the urbanization process in China? Evidence from a geographic regression discontinuity study

AbstractAfter decades of delayed urbanization, since 1998, China has implemented the “county‐to‐district” policy to promote urbanization and stimulate regional economic development. This policy was designed to expand the urban area of large cities by merging counties (rural areas) with nearby cities (urban areas). Intuitively, these regions are the “chosen fortunate” since they are the privileged beneficiaries of this policy experiment. However, at the time of writing (2018), recent studies have been inconsistent regarding this issue, and several studies have revealed that this policy has impeded regional growth. Therefore, the true effect of this policy must be carefully examined. Using grid‐level nighttime light data and a border‐based regression discontinuity design framework, we find that the average effect of the “county‐to‐district” policy on nighttime light growth is significant and positive, and this result also coincides with the increase of entry and decrease of exit of manufacturing enterprises, and the increase of the county‐level manufacturing employment. However, the policy effect on nighttime light turns to be negative in the long run, implying that short‐term economic growth may outweigh the long‐term economic growth potential. A further investigation of the underlying mechanism indicates that industrial enterprises in the experimental policy area do not perform better in terms of total factor productivity (TFP) and profit margin than their counterparts. Moreover, this policy aggravates the polarization between central and border areas.

High-Resolution Simulations of the Urban Thermal Climate in Suzhou City, China

City thermal discomfort conditions have been exacerbated by the rapid urbanization processes in China. High-resolution urban thermal climate simulations can help us to understand urban climate features and produce better urban designs. In this paper, a single-layer urban canopy model (UCM) combined with Landsat satellite data and high-resolution meteorological forcing data was used to simulate very-high-resolution characteristics of temperature and humidity at the urban canopy level, and the heat index at the pedestrian level was also estimated. The research shows that the National center of environmental forecasting, Oregon state university, Air force and Hydrological research lab (NOAH)-UCM model can simulate the distribution of meteorological elements for different land uses in a fine and effective manner, making it an effective approach to obtaining the fundamental data for urban climate analysis. The spatial distribution pattern of urban heat islands in Suzhou is highly consistent with urban land cover fraction. High-density and medium-density urban areas are centers of urban heat islands, and the annual number of high-temperature days and heat indices over the high-density and medium-density urban areas are markedly higher than those in low-density cities and suburbs, indicating that urban development has a significant impact on the urban thermal environment.

Technical application of green construction and energy saving and emission reduction in building engineering

With the accelerating process of urbanization in China, the application of green construction technology and energy-saving emission reduction technology in the overall level of building engineering has gradually become a common concern. Based on the current status of technology implementation, the paper first analyzes the definition and value of green construction for construction engineering, and then discusses the main content of green construction techniques for building engineering, and puts forward corresponding application planning strategies on the basis of technical advantages so as to effectively promote the application of green construction technology for construction engineering and create conditions for the stable development of China’s construction engineering industry.

The impact of historic zoning of the Chinese and Western European cities upon social differentiation in the conditions of urbanization

The object of this article is the cities of China. The rapid growth and impact of Chinese cities upon the economy, politics and social life of the country and South Eastern part of the world sparks persistent interest of the researchers. Urbanization processes in China has a range of specific features that distinguish them from urbanization in the countries of Western Europe. Their identification is the goal of this article. The subject of this research became the differentiation of the modern Chinese cities and intraurban social stratification. Based on the accepted in Chinese sociology methodology of classification of cities, the author determines the differences between the urban structures of Western European and Chinese cities. The acquired results detect that the urban social and spatial structures in Western Europe have established under the influence of general economic processes that destroyed the traditional urban structure; while the Chinese cities, despite their rapid development, retain historical and cultural continuity of the principles of creation of spatial structure as a result of planned economy and political control. Examination of the peculiarities of urban structure and agglomerations allows forecasting the development of China’s social structure in the context of global transformations.

城市湿地公园生物多样性设计与评估——以六盘水明湖国家湿地公园为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 城市湿地公园生物多样性设计与评估——以六盘水明湖国家湿地公园为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201812052666 作者: 作者单位: 北京大学建筑与景观设计学院,北京土人城市规划设计股份有限公司 北京;北京大学建筑与景观设计学院,北京大学建筑与景观设计学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0401105）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（51678002） Design and assessment of biodiversity in urban wetland parks: Take liupanshui minghu national wetland park as an example Author: Affiliation: College of Architecture and Landscape of Peking University,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:由于中国城市化进程加快，湿地公园中的生物多样性也随之受到影响，科学合理的设计和评估生物多样性对城市中同类型的湿地公园建设或维护有着重要的参考价值。研究选取基于人工设计的贵州省六盘水明湖国家湿地公园为例，从生境多样性与物种多样性两个方面对生物多样性进行评估。得出以下结论：（1）公园生境单元类型较丰富，公园中面状、现状要素饱和度指数都超50%，生境多样性状况良好。（2）公园建成5年后场地内乔灌木植物的种类明显增多，其中丁香、香樟、蜡梅、榆树等植物成为新的优势种群，表现在园区的西部、南部与东部；草本水生植物种类也明显增多，优势种群结构并没有发生太大改变，集中表现在园区的西南部、南部与中部。（3）影响生物多样性变化的两大因素一是优势群落的自然演替恢复速度效果明显，二是人为干扰严重的地区生物多样性减少。 Abstract:As the process of urbanization in China is accelerating, the biodiversity in wetland parks will also be affected. Scientific and rational assessment of biodiversity provides an important reference value for the construction or maintenance of the same types of wetland parks in cities. In this study, we selected the 5-year-old Liupanshui Minghu National Wetland Park in Guizhou Province and analyzed its biodiversity from habitat and species diversity. The former categorizes the "habitat units" in wetland parks into categories:punctual elements, linear elements, and planar elements, and calculates the corresponding area. The latter uses a sample method to investigate the number of species of vascular plants in the park and uses the Shannon-Wiener index for calculation, based on the diversity index of the two. ArcGIS overlay analysis was used to obtain the spatial coupling relationship between habitat diversity and species diversity. Subsequently, the corresponding habitat elements that affected the variation of species diversity were analyzed and optimized protection measures were proposed. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

An optimization model for managing stakeholder conflicts in urban redevelopment projects in China

The rapid urbanization process in China has given rise to a number of sustainability issues, including land shortages, concentrated areas of poverty, inefficient land use, and environmental pollution. Urban redevelopment has been identified as an effective method for addressing these issues and establishing new modes of sustainable urban development. In practice, urban redevelopment projects typically involve a range of stakeholders with competing claims. Managing the conflicting interests of these stakeholders presents a significant challenge to the success of urban redevelopment. In this study, we proposed a model for analyzing stakeholder conflicts in urban redevelopment projects based on the stakeholder salience theory and Pawlak's conflict theory. In this model, the attributes, key concerns, and attitudes of different stakeholders are captured by empirical investigation and salience analysis. Stakeholder conflicts are then quantified using Pawlak's conflict theory with consideration of stakeholder specifics. Finally, an action scheme is generated that mitigates stakeholder conflicts and maximizes project benefits. To evaluate its effectiveness, we applied this model to a real redevelopment project in the Wenzhou Ecological Park. The results indicate that this model can be used to balance the interests of stakeholders and reduce stakeholder conflicts in urban redevelopment projects in China.

Does the Expansion of Urban Construction Land Promote Regional Economic Growth in China? Evidence from 108 Cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has maintained rapid growth. At the same time, the process of urbanization in China has been accelerating and the scale of urban construction land has expanded accordingly. The purpose of the research is to explore whether there is an inevitable connection between the expansion of urban construction land and economic growth. This study uses 108 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example. Considering panel data from 2005 to 2015, the spatial econometric model was used to explore the impact of urban construction land expansion on regional economic growth. The results are as follows: (1) The expansion of construction land in cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has a significant impact on economic growth but the extent of the impact is not as great as that of capital stock. (2) In the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the expansion of urban construction land in a certain area has not only a positive effect on the local economic growth but also a certain spillover effect and it can promote the economic development level of the adjacent areas in the economic belt. (3) Although the expansion of urban construction land along the Yangtze River Economic Belt promotes economic growth, there are obvious differences between regions. The expansion of urban construction land in the central region of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has a significant driving effect on economic growth. However, the expansion of urban construction land in the eastern and western regions has no significant effect on the economic growth of the respective regions. Finally, based on the above conclusions, this paper proposes corresponding policy recommendations for economic development in different regions. These research conclusions will also facilitate the follow-up of other researchers to further explore the driving factors of the economic development of many prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the related mechanisms for the expansion of construction land to promote economic growth.

Predicting multiple land use transitions under rapid urbanization and implications for land management and urban planning: The case of Zhanggong District in central China

Numerous machine learning-based land change models have been presented by researchers over the last two decades. To date, however, far less have simulated multiple land use classes and specific land use subclasses at the same time. In some areas of the world, it is important to simulate both of these dynamics to understand fully the drivers and consequences of land change. One important example is the process of urbanization in China, as urban policies have been developed that guide urban expansion, rural protections, and urban subclass development. This paper presents a new model integrating geographic information systems (GIS) with artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict multiple transitions among land use types and urban subclasses in the Zhanggong District of Ganzhou city in China. We show that the model produces satisfactory goodness of fit values-based on location, quantity and spatial configuration-between simulated and observed land use maps for 2015. Our simulated future maps produced by the model for 2020 and 2025 demonstrate that transitions from farmland and forest to urban will remain the main pathway of urbanization although we predict that the rate will slow after 2025. The goals of urban planning should be aligned with land use planning according to "Combining multiple laws and regulations" in China. Taking into account the current and future land use transitions will enhance the accuracy and timeliness of land use policy making and urban land planning. For the sustainable land use in Zhanggong District, we argue for a strengthened regulation of the land market by government and believe that planning officials should guide the spatial distribution of land supply actively. Furthermore, improving the production, living and ecological functions of land resources are the key points to optimize urban land use functions and the allocation of land resources. We discuss how our model can be adapted to other areas to benefit land use management and urban planning in China.

Research on the goal of urban water system governance system construction-Taking Jinan sponge city as an example

With the accelerating process of urbanization in China, the traditional urban water system governance system is facing the challenges of flood and waterlogging, river ecosystem deterioration, water pollution and urban water shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a new urban water system governance system that respects nature and complies with nature. Taking Jinan sponge city construction as an example, the paper analyzes the existing problems in the pilot area, putting forward the overall goals of sponge city construction, total annual runoff control rate, waterlogging standards, flood control standards and build ways. The works can provide direct guidance for the construction of sponge cities in Jinan city. On the other hand, they may be able to accumulate experience for the research on urban water system construction in China, gradually boosting the application and development of sponge city theory in practice.

Rural Tourism Spatial Reconstruction Model from the Perspective of ATV: A Case Study of Mufu Township, Hubei Province, China

This research argues that rural tourism areas can be divided into three kinds of spatial organizations, i.e., attractions (A), towns (T) and villages (V), and aims to address the increasingly serious problems of rural spatial disorders and ecological damage in the tourism-oriented urbanization process in China. It extracts the common features of the five spatial patterns based on ATV spatial benefit trade-offs and proposes a single-kernel spatial reconstruction model. The model emphasizes the moderate concentration of space utility and considers towns as the suppliers of tourism-supporting facilities, which prevents negative impacts arising from decentralized development. In addition, tourist attractions and villages are arranged by category, so as to protect the quality of the overall habitat. Taking Mufu Township as an example, the paper demonstrates the optimal reconstruction of ATV space and displays the effectiveness of spatial reconstruction in Mufu Township since 2009. Mufu Township has been rejuvenated. The single-kernel spatial reconstruction model not only builds the space management platform for Mufu Township, but also provides an operable theoretical basis for the reconstruction of new rural tourism spaces and offers the possibility of developing Chinese rural areas sustainably.

Life insurance lapse behaviour: evidence from China

We investigate determinants of lapse rates in the Chinese life insurance industry using firm-province level data from 2005 to 2013. We conduct a panel study, exploring significant regional differences and dramatic changes in demographic conditions during the urbanisation process in China. First, we find that the unemployment rate is positively related to lapse rates, and the driving force is migrant population rather than local urban residents. This provides evidence for the emergency fund hypothesis from a new perspective. Second, we find that an insurer’s reputation is negatively linked to lapse rates. We define this as the ‘reputation hypothesis’. Third, our findings are also consistent with the interest rate hypothesis. We extend the literature by decomposing life insurance products into three types and find that interest rates are positively (negatively) associated with lapse rates of investment-type (protection-type) products. Lapse rates of health products are not related to interest rates. Fourth, our empirical result suggests that high lapse rates can potentially weaken the insurers’ financial soundness and harm new business.

Ghost City Extraction and Rate Estimation in China Based on NPP-VIIRS Night-Time Light Data

The ghost city phenomenon is a serious problem resulting from the rapid urbanization process in China. Estimation of the ghost city rate (GCR) can provide information about vacant dwellings. This paper developed a methodology to quantitatively evaluate GCR values at the national scale using multi-resource remote sensing data. The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership–Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer (NPP-VIIRS) night-time light data and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land cover data were used in the evaluation of the GCR values in China. The average ghost city rate (AGCR) was 35.1% in China in 2013. Shanghai had the smallest AGCR of 21.7%, while Jilin has the largest AGCR of 47.27%. There is a significant negative correlation between both the provincial AGCR and the per capita disposable income of urban households (R = −0.659, p < 0.01) and the average selling prices of commercial buildings (R = −0.637, p < 0.01). In total, 31 ghost cities are mainly concentrated in the economically underdeveloped inland provinces. Ghost city areas are mainly located on the edge of urban built-up areas, and the spatial pattern of ghost city areas changed in different regions. This approach combines statistical data with the distribution of vacant urban areas, which is an effective method to capture ghost city information.

Off-farm employment, land renting and concentration of farmland in the process of urbanization

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of off-farm employment on the concentration of farmland via households’ land rental activities in rural China.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses Probit and Tobit models to estimate the effect of off-farm employment on land rental activities. Furthermore, the paper compares the degree of land concentration between pre-renting and post-renting in terms of Gini coefficients of farmland ownership at village level.FindingsThe authors find that off-farm employment has a positive effect on the renting out farmland, and insignificant effect on renting in farmland. Moreover, off-farm employment intensifies the concentration of farmland from small farms toward big farms by renting activities.Originality/valueThe authors believe that the results will contribute positively to the assessment of the effect of off-farm employment on land concentration in the context of the urbanization process in China.

THE RESEARCH AND COMPILATION OF CITY MAPS IN THE NATIONAL GEOMATICS ATLAS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Abstract. The research and compilation of new century version of the National Huge Atlas of the People's Republic of China is the special basic work project by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China. Among them, the research and compilation of the National Geomatics Atlas of the People's Republic of China is its main content. The National Geomatics Atlas of China consists of 4 groups of maps and place name index. The 4 groups of maps are separately nationwide thematic map group, provincial fundamental geographical map group, landcover map group and city map group. The city map group is an important component part of the National Geomatics Atlas of China and mainly shows the process of urbanization in China. This paper, aim at design and compilation of 39 city-wide maps, briefly introduces mapping area research and scale design, mapping technical route, content selection and cartographic generalization, symbol design and visualization of map, etc.

Comparative life cycle assessment of sludge management: A case study of Xiamen, China

Sludge management poses a great challenge to China's urbanization process as the number of wastewater treatment plants increases and the discharge standards are strengthened. China's sludge production rate is still low compared with developed countries but is undergoing a rapid growth due to increasing urbanization. Sludge management requires a systematic solution which integrates environmental effectiveness, social acceptability, and economic affordability based on a life cycle approach. In this study, we assess the environmental and economic performance of hydrothermal-pyrolysis technology (HPT), an emerging technology for sludge disposal. Climate change, human toxicity, costs, beneficial use of sludge and land occupation are used as indicators to compare HPT with conventional disposal methods, including incineration with two water contents, landfill, and compost. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) model based on the LCA results (PSO-LCA) was built to find a sustainable sludge management system in Xiamen. HPT was the most favorable scenario for sludge disposal overall, but given capacity restrictions and a trade-off between indicators, the optimal disposal proportion was for landfill to account for 9.3% of total sludge disposal, incineration with water content of 80% to account for 35.9%, HPT to account for 28.9% and compost to account for the remaining 25.9%. As further dewatering contributes a significant fraction to human toxicity effects and economic performance, the amount of dewatering should be selected based on the subsequent disposal process. The PSO-LCA method provides scientific evidence to inform decision makers to find a sustainable sludge management plan in accordance with wastewater features and socioeconomic conditions in Chinese cities.

Bubbles of Vegetable Basket Prices: Evidence, Characteristics and Enlightenments

This paper focuses on the periodic bubbles of vegetable basket prices. As the primary part of consumer price index, the vegetable basket agricultural prices are very important to keep the normal order of daily life and social development. Since the start of the national vegetable basket project in 1988, the tension between supply and demand has been relieved. However, with the accelerated process of urbanization in China, the supply-demand relation of vegetable basket products is challenged in many aspects in recent years. One of the biggest challenges is the expanding price spread between the supply side and the demand side, and the prices of some vegetable basket products demonstrate large fluctuations. Furthermore, based on the vegetable basket products industry, the steady employment demand is also formed by the scaled agricultural firms stemming from the deep-manufacturing procedures in rural areas. Therefore, another challenge to the steadiness of agricultural employment is the threat brought by the price fluctuations. Correspondingly, based on the characteristics of vegetable basket agricultural prices, it is necessary to guide the planting industries and employ feasible regulating policies, hence to hit the speculative forces and reduce the price risks for the farmers in the main production areas related with vegetable basket agricultural products. Therefore, the supply-side reformation should take more efforts on the elimination of price bubbles. To examine the existence of the periodic price bubbles in the vegetable basket agricultural products, firstly we use the X-12 method to decompose the vegetable basket price index into four different time series and obtain the irregular influences series. Based on the periodic characteristics of the irregular influences in the vegetable basket price index, we assume that there exist periodic price bubbles in the vegetable basket products. Two hypotheses are given based on the characteristics of the vegetable basket price index: the existence of speculative bubbles and the periodic characteristic of speculative bubbles. With the utilization of the sup ADF test, we find that there are price bubbles in four subclasses from the nine subclasses in the vegetable basket price index. Considering the detailed backgrounds of the related subclasses, we take the garlic as an example for further analysis. Our results demonstrate that the vegetable basket price index is influenced significantly by the irregular factors, and the prices of four subclasses among nine subclasses contain price bubbles with periodic characteristic, hence the same to the instance of garlic price. Based on the findings, the governments should enforce the supervision on the vegetable basket products, and guide the farmers to improve the planting plan and sales. Surely, to buy agricultural insurance or to hedge in the financial markets are better choices. However, such measures are not available for the long process of training and developing in rural areas, especially on the researches of developing available agricultural indices. Second, the price bubbles related to indices should be taken into the supervision of the market sectors. Furthermore, stricter normalization of the electronic trading programs should be employed, especially on the ways of margin trading and the money flow management. Simultaneously, the procedures of the logistics and the warehousing sectors should be cared enough. In conclusion, the government sectors should hit the speculative bubbles actively, help the farmers to make feasible planting plans, and regulate the market timely for the realization of supply-side reformation.