Abstract
This research argues that rural tourism areas can be divided into three kinds of spatial organizations, i.e., attractions (A), towns (T) and villages (V), and aims to address the increasingly serious problems of rural spatial disorders and ecological damage in the tourism-oriented urbanization process in China. It extracts the common features of the five spatial patterns based on ATV spatial benefit trade-offs and proposes a single-kernel spatial reconstruction model. The model emphasizes the moderate concentration of space utility and considers towns as the suppliers of tourism-supporting facilities, which prevents negative impacts arising from decentralized development. In addition, tourist attractions and villages are arranged by category, so as to protect the quality of the overall habitat. Taking Mufu Township as an example, the paper demonstrates the optimal reconstruction of ATV space and displays the effectiveness of spatial reconstruction in Mufu Township since 2009. Mufu Township has been rejuvenated. The single-kernel spatial reconstruction model not only builds the space management platform for Mufu Township, but also provides an operable theoretical basis for the reconstruction of new rural tourism spaces and offers the possibility of developing Chinese rural areas sustainably.
Highlights
According to Lefebvre’s [1] deconstruction of the space production theory, space is a powerful tool, with control and dominance
Based on the introspection of the practical spatial problems brought about by rural tourism, this study mainly explores the alienation and the correlation among attractions, towns and villages in the process of tourism urbanization in rural areas
The Grand Canyon has been upgraded to an AAAAA tourism destination after spatial reconstruction and divided into four spatial zones: Natural reserves, geographic heritage protection areas, sightseeing areas and recreational areas. (Until now, China has adopted the classification method of resources “Classification, investigation and evaluation of tourism resources Standard” (GB/T 18972-2017) [49], and the star rating of scenic spots has been unified under the management of the National Tourism Administration, which has a strong economic and political significance.) The Nverhu Protected Area, which is divided into core protected areas and outer buffer zones, accepts responsible sightseeing
Summary
According to Lefebvre’s [1] deconstruction of the space production theory, space is a powerful tool, with control and dominance. The corporate reconstruction of rural areas (the transformation of the tourism real estate) has triggered an extensive “land enclosure” movement (The forcible occupation of noncommercial land, such as farming land, for use for commercial purposes), leading to a large number of tourist facilities and damage to the overall appearance of rural areas. It has resulted in problems like hollow villages (HVs) [11], idle land resources and weak infrastructure. It is of great practical value and theoretical significance to study how rural areas respond to the impacts and vulnerabilities brought by tourism
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