Teaching Process Research Articles

A INCLUSÃO TECNOLÓGICA E O IMPACTO SOCIAL NO ÂMBITO EDUCACIONAL

Technologies play a vital role in the modern educational system. Functioning as allies in the teaching process, they facilitate the appropriation of knowledge, especially considering that knowledge is infinite and there is always something new to learn. It is known that the school has the responsibility of guaranteeing access to knowledge, democratizing the existing cultural heritage. In this sense, schools can, through digital inclusion, form more critical, reflective citizens prepared to face social challenges. Digital inclusion, therefore, brings great benefits to the teaching and learning system. This article seeks to answer: what is the importance of digital inclusion in education? The objective is to reflect on the relevance of digital inclusion in the educational context. The methodology is bibliographic, based on several authors who discuss the topic. The results indicate that excess information can lead to unsystematized knowledge, with the school being responsible for organizing this knowledge. Thus, education and technologies must go hand in hand towards the expansion and systematization of knowledge. It is concluded that, in the information age, it is essential to use information technologies in the construction of knowledge, meeting the current needs of students amid technological advances. The inclusion of technologies in education is fundamental for meaningful learning and for increasing information among students, promoting the development of skills and social progress.

Exploring attitudes toward ChatGPT among college students: An empirical analysis of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components using path analysis

The advent of generative artificial intelligence (AI) applications, such as ChatGPT, has significantly impacted various aspects of human life, including higher education. This study explores university students' attitudes toward ChatGPT, focusing on the cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of attitudes, on the basis of Mitcham's philosophical framework of attitudes toward technology. A total of 595 university students from six public and private universities in northern Peru participated in an online survey. The results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that the affective component (β = 0.672∗∗∗) and the cognitive component (β = 0.260∗∗) positively influence the behavioral component of students' attitudes when ChatGPT is used. Moreover, the cognitive component (β = 0.931∗∗∗) positively influences the affective component of students' attitudes. However, gender and age did not have significant moderating effects on the relationships between the cognitive and affective components and the behavioral component. The discussion highlights that these findings contribute to understanding the psychological mechanisms underlying the adoption of ChatGPT in educational settings and offer valuable guidance for implementing this technology in teaching and learning processes. In conclusion, this study represents a significant advancement in comprehending attitudes toward generative AI technologies in higher education and opens new avenues for future research in this field.

The Use of Illustrators by Bahdini Kurdish Teachers in EFL University Classrooms

This study investigates the various kinds of illustrators that male and female Bahdini Kurdish (BK) lecturers perform in EFL university classes. In this area of study, there is still a lack of research on the impact of nonverbal cues on university-level teaching and learning processes when it comes to classroom communication between instructors and students. Ten university instructors, both male and female, were chosen as a sample for the study. Data was gathered from the lecturers using a descriptive observation method based on the illustrator classification system developed by Ekman and Friesen (1969, 1972). According to the results obtained from using excel sheets, the majority of lecturers employed deictic movements in their classes, followed by kinetographs and spatial movements. In terms of gender, females made up a large share of illustrators, except for ideographs.

Analysis of Learning Styles Based on Indonesian Language Learning Outcomes in Elementary School Students

Understanding students' learning styles is a key factor in effective learning, as it helps teachers optimize the teaching and learning process and improve student success. This study aims to examine the relationship between students' learning styles and learning outcomes in the Indonesian language subject. The research uses a survey method with a sample of 46 fifth-grade elementary school students using saturated sampling techniques. The results indicate that the majority of students have a kinesthetic learning style (43.5%), followed by visual learning styles (30.4%) and auditory styles (26.1%). The learning outcomes of visual learners are higher compared to the others, with an average score of 84.3 in the good category, while auditory learners perform better than kinesthetic learners but lower than visual learners, with an average score of 81.4 in the fair category, whereas kinesthetic learners have lower results compared to the others, with an average score of 79.5 in the fair category. This suggests that a teaching process that does not consider the diversity of learning styles can negatively impact students' learning outcomes. Therefore, teachers need to pay attention to students' learning styles to enhance learning effectiveness so that students' learning outcomes can be optimal.

Investigating Students’ Conceptual Knowledge of Quantum Physics to Improve the Teaching and Learning Process

Research in the field of quantum physics is important for progress in many areas of exploration and development. Quantum computers and other quantum devices are promising technologies with numerous potential applications. On the other hand, understanding, interpreting, teaching, and learning quantum physics as part of an educational process is a major challenge. In the Republic of Croatia, students usually come in contact with the concepts of quantum physics towards the end of their high school education. These concepts are often abstract and represent a remarkable leap from the theories of classical physics. The aim of this study is to test the measurement properties of the instrument used to assess the progress of understanding and knowledge of quantum physics in a sample of Croatian high school students. The quantum physics conceptual survey (QPCS), developed and first tested in 2006 by Wuttiprom et al. at the University of Sydney, was the instrument we used in this study. The test was administered to 76 high school students. The results show that the QPCS test is valid and generally reliable in the context of Croatian secondary education, but for the topics Waves and particles and Uncertainty principle, the reliability needs further investigation. The results of the pretest and posttest were analysed and compared with each other and with previously published results. Quantitative methods were used to analyse the results obtained. We present several possible solutions to improve the teaching process, that we expect will lead to better results, especially for topics that are challenging for students.

Penerapan Media Postcard untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa SMK Ma’arif NU Kajen Tahun 2021/2022

The learning model applied during the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way students learn, so that student activity in the learning process in class is still low and there are many student absences after the pandemic. Almost 2 years of the pandemic have required students to study from their respective homes so that students are increasingly lazy or less active in learning. This is the basis for the idea of ​​how to make them more effective in learning by using postcard media. Postcard media is a media containing questions related to learning that must be answered by students by taking lucky coupons. The purpose of this study is 1) To describe the teacher's process in implementing postcard media in building student activity in learning in class XI of SMK Ma'arif NU Kajen. 2) To analyze the level of student activity of class XI of SMK Ma'arif NU Kajen through the application of postcard media in learning. This classroom action research was conducted at SMK Ma'arif NU Kajen with the research subjects of class XI students totaling 72 students with almost the same academic abilities, able to understand simple materials, but the level of student activity is low, the majority are less brave in expressing ideas, ideas and opinions. Data collection techniques include questionnaire sheets and documentation. Data analysis used is qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of the study showed that the process of implementing postcard media which was carried out through three stages, namely the process of designing a learning plan, the process of implementing learning, and the process of evaluating the use of learning media has been implemented well by teachers. In cycle I, the results of the questionnaire showed that the application of postcard media to increase student activity was successful with an average score reaching 86%. In cycle II, the application of postcard media to increase student activity was successful with an average questionnaire score reaching 88%. Postcard media has proven to be effective in increasing student activity in learning. For teachers, it is expected to be able to improve learning media so that students can be encouraged to be active in class. For schools, it is expected to be able to provide adequate facilities, especially the provision of teaching aids so that teachers can be more free in creating a creative learning process.

Determinants of ChatGPT adoption among students in higher education: the moderating effect of trust

Purpose ChatGPT is a cutting-edge chatbot powered by artificial intelligence that could revolutionise and advance the teaching and learning process. Drawing on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and information system (IS) success model, this study aims to investigate determinants of students’ intention to use ChatGPT for education purposes. Design/methodology/approach The partial least squares technique was used to analyse 406 usable data collected from university students in Malaysia. Findings The results confirmed the relationships between perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), attitude and intention to use proposed by TAM. PU and PEU are influenced by system quality. Surprisingly, trust in information moderates negatively the influences of PEU and PU on attitude. Practical implications The findings provide insight for higher education institutions, unit instructors and ChatGPT developers on what may promote the use of ChatGPT in higher education. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by exploring the determinants of ChatGPT adoption, extending the TAM model by incorporating IS success factors and assessing the moderating effect of trust in information.

Post-pandemic impact on a private university in Malaysia: adapting strategies for sustainable education in chemistry

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic marked an unprecedented disruption in global education systems, affecting a vast population of approximately 1.6 billion learners across over 200 countries. Specifically, within Malaysia, where private universities hold a significant role in shaping the educational sphere, the pandemic brought about notable shifts in higher education. This research focuses on the post-pandemic impact on a private university situated in the Malaysian capital, focusing on transformations in teaching and learning approaches, student engagement, and technological integration in chemistry education. Through an in-depth analysis of diverse data sources from students and literatire review, this study aims to shed light on the challenges faced by the teaching and learning process in chemistry and the strategies employed to mitigate the adverse effects. In addition, the study also discusses the potential long-term transformations in higher education that may persist beyond the pandemic and offers recommendations to ensure the resilience and adaptability of private universities in Malaysia. Understanding the post-pandemic impact on private universities is crucial for formulating effective policies and strategies to enhance the quality and accessibility of higher education in the evolving educational landscape.

Common Misconceptions About Absolute Value and Related Thinking Strategies

This research paper seeks to identify the widespread misconceptions held by pre-service mathematics teachers regarding absolute value and the associated thinking strategies. The researchers constructed a comprehension test consisting of thirty-two items, all based on the concept of absolute value. A total of 60 Mathematics majors enrolled in Jordanian universities took the test. After purposeful selection, interviews were conducted with fifteen of the respondents in order to obtain in-depth information and confirm their written test responses. Upon thorough analysis of the data, it was concluded that most subjects encountered difficult in solving the absolute value equations and that there were clear discrepancies in the definitions of absolute value held by the participants. Moreover, it was found that the common errors committed by the students fell into one of six categories: (i) removing the two absolute value symbols; (ii) focusing deeply on rules; (iii) converting the two absolute value symbols into parentheses; (iv) ignoring the number within the two absolute value bars; (v) lack of algebraic treatments; and (vi) inability to graph the absolute value. These findings indicate that there are fundamental pedagogical errors made during the teaching and learning process for certain maths topics.

Self-reflecting strategies applied by EFL high school teachers for teaching quality improvement

ABSTRACT Recent studies in Vietnam found that metacognitive strategies were employed with consistent practice to enhance student learning outcomes significantly. Positive perceptions of reflective teaching practices contribute to teachers’ professional development regarding teaching quality and student outcomes. This study aimed to examine common self-reflecting strategies that were most frequently implemented in the teaching process to improve teaching quality. The tools of the questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were employed to collect quantitative and qualitative data for this descriptive study. The participants were EFL teachers teaching at high schools in most of the provinces in the Mekong Delta. The research findings showed that teachers perceived common strategies of self-reflecting, although they did not often apply them in their teaching performance. Regarding this, they focused on implementing peer observation, students’ feedback, and teachers’ diaries instead of video – audio recordings in their teaching. Some pedagogical implications and research suggestions about the effectiveness of the application of self-reflecting strategies in improving teachers’ teaching or developing their profession were proposed in the study.

Efektivitas Komunikasi Interpersonal Antara Guru dan Siswa dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar di SMK Negeri 7 Ambon

Effectiveness of interpersonal communication (interpersonal) in the teaching and learning process to realize the ideals of national education, which in the end the quality of implementation lies in the hands of the teacher. As for the teaching and learning process, the source message can be delivered from students, teachers, and so on. With interpersonal communication in a persuasive and effective manner, communication between teachers and students in the teaching and learning process can help motivation and encourage students to move in a positive direction. The purpose of this study was to determine how the effectiveness of teacher and student interpersonal communication in the teaching and learning process at SMK Negeri 7 Ambon and to find out what factors could be a constraint on the effectiveness of teacher and student interpersonal communication in the teaching and learning process at SMK Negeri 7 Ambon. This study uses qualitative research with data collection techniques are observation and interview techniques. From the results of this study, it was seen that students sometimes did not understand the material provided by the teacher and had difficulty in making assignments because the way the material was delivered by the teacher was considered unclear by students. And the personal closeness between students and teachers, so that it also affects the teaching and learning process in the classroom.

Innovative Design and Practical Exploration of Junior Middle School English Unit Teaching Under the Guidance of New Curriculum Standards

This paper aims to explore the innovative design and practice of junior middle school English unit teaching under the background of new curriculum standards. Under the guidance of the new curriculum standards, the establishment of unit teaching objectives should be guided by core literacy, focusing on cultivating students' ability and quality of doing things in English, and improving their language ability, cultural awareness, thinking quality and learning ability in the process of problem solving. When designing the unit teaching content, we should take the big concepts as the core, refine and focus on these big concepts according to the teaching objectives, and build the logical structure and timing structure of the teaching content around them, so as to effectively promote students' understanding of the big concepts. When arranging the unit teaching process, English practice should be taken as the path, and practical English teaching process should be built through project-oriented, task-based and activity-based design methods, so that students can achieve comprehensive improvement of core literacy in the complete English practice process.

HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO E A ORGANIZAÇÃO ESCOLAR: ESTUDO BIBLIOGRÁFICO

Studying the History of Education is essential to understand the transformations that have occurred over time in the Brazilian educational process, as well as to recognize individuals as constituent agents of this history. The present study aimed, through bibliographical research, to revisit historical issues of education in Brazil, from the colonial period to the present day. The methodology adopted was a systematic review of the literature, based on the analysis of articles available on Google Scholar and the Capes database, with the purpose of examining the development of the history of education, school organization and the role of the teacher in contemporary times. . Several works on the topic were identified, of which nine were selected to compose the analyzed sample. It was found that, over time, Brazilian education has undergone numerous changes since the colonial period, and that teachers have constantly sought to update themselves to improve the teaching and learning process. It is concluded that, by understanding the educational processes, the school and the ways of maintaining education in line with its history, it is possible to identify the points necessary for a more conscious and appropriate methodological action, favoring more participatory decisions in the educational context.

Types of Questions Asked by Teachers at Primary School 077786 Tuhembaruzo in Classroom Interaction

This study aims to analyze the types of teacher questions in the teaching and learning process in three study groups and to analyze student activeness in the learning process at SD Negeri 077786 Tuhembaruzo. To obtain the results of this research, a descriptive qualitative method was used because this research focuses on phenomena that occur in the classroom. After analyzing it was found that there were 3 types of questions used by teachers in the study groups, namely procedural, convergent and divergent types of questions. the type of teacher questions in the three study groups at SD Negeri 077786 Tuhembaruzo was more convergent type than divergent and procedural types, namely 57, 23% of questions. While the teacher's procedural type questions amounted to 19.07% and the divergent type amounted to 23.68%.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar dalam Sub Materi Media Sosial di Kelas VII pada SMP Negeri 2 Darma

The low learning outcomes of Information Engineering (ICT) students in grade VII of SMP Negeri 2 Darma are caused by several factors, including students who are less motivated to learn ICT and also the factor of teachers who still use conventional methods or lecture methods so that in the teaching and learning process students tend to be passive. This study aims to find out whether there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on learning outcomes in social media sub-material in grade VII at SMP Negeri 2 Darma. The research approach used is a quantitative approach with an experimental research design type. The population in this study is 35 students with a sample of grade VII of SMP Negeri 2 Darma. The data collection technique uses a test. Data analysis using t-test. The results of the study showed that the pretest results had a mean of 46.42 and a posttest result of 68.71. Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning media has an influence on the learning outcomes of information technology (ICT) social media sub-materials. This is shown from the results of data analysis that the value of, t count = 10.911 > t table = 2.650, so that the hypothesis proposed in the study is accepted, so that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on learning outcomes in social media sub-material in grade VII at SMP Negeri 2 Darma

The Implementation and Students Perceptions of Corpora Utilized in Teaching and Learning Agreement and Disagreement Expressions

This study explored using English Corpora as a media in teaching and learning process. This study aims to know how the British National Corpus is used as a media in the teaching and learning process and how students' perceptions of it. This research was conducted at Junior High School in Karawang. The researcher used a case study approach with a questionnaire to collect the data. The data were processed in the descriptive, descriptive, and table. Based on the findings, using English corpora, especially British National Corpus, is worthwhile as a media in teaching and learning agreement by providing students with the actual usage of agreement and disagreement and examples of agreement and disagreement expressions. This study also shows that using British National Corpus can engage students in expanding their examples of agreement and disagreement expressions. The questionnaires also showed that after used the British National Corpus, students were satisfied, BNC increased students’ autonomous learning, and BNC helped them learn agreement and disagreement expressions by increase their comprehension.

Exploring Digital Multimodal Composing in English Writing: A Conceptual Paper

The most recent technologies have assisted educators in simplifying the process of teaching and learning; for example, they have expanded the writing course into an activity that is no longer restricted to the combination of words, phrases, and sentences to express the meaning in place of collaborating audio, video, and web-based elements in teaching-learning, which are all considered to be examples of digital technology. In particular, this conceptual paper focuses on the nature of multimodal digital composition, how digital multimodal is utilized in the teaching and learning processes of writing as well as the challenge and its solutions. Initially, a definition of what precisely digital composing is will be provided. The researcher conducts an in-depth investigation of recent studies on multimodal digital composition (MDC) and the function of multimodal digital composition (MDC) in improving comprehension and enhancing acquisition. Furthermore, pedagogical implementations are explored, in which the researcher outlines a multimodal digital composition (MDC) process that language teachers might utilize as a guide for the teaching-learning process of writing. A discussion of pedagogical implications follows this section. In conclusion, the obstacles and potential remedies leading to a deeper understanding are examined.

ICT in biology education: teachers’ readiness and implementation challenges in the context of Bangladesh

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is commonly employed in biology classes to facilitate students' comprehensive comprehension of biological processes and enable them to see living phenomena. The purpose of the study was to explore the use of ICT in enhancing the teaching and learning process of biology in the secondary schools of Bangladesh. In our study, sequential explanatory mixed method design has been followed. Data was collected from purposively selected ten secondary schools of Dhaka city. The study reveals that teachers have a positive attitude towards incorporating ICT in biology lessons and possess operational understanding of data processing tools and online browsing. Nevertheless, it also emphasizes the fact that teachers are devoid of personal computers in their houses and have restricted availability to school computers. Furthermore, the existing curriculum and teachers' guides lack adequate instructions for integrating ICT into biology lectures. The study also suggests that the process of developing ICT-based curriculum is complicated, which deters teachers from incorporating ICT into their classes. Furthermore, there is a limited availability of educational materials related to ICT in the Bangla language. This study recommends continuous in-servicing training on ICT to teachers, interest free loan to teachers for purchasing laptops, developing interactive biology educational ICT contents in Bangla and include specific instructions in the curriculum and teachers’ guide on how to use ICT in biology classes. These findings have important implications for policy makers, educators, and researchers who are dedicated to expanding the use of ICT in education.

The Role of Staffing and Safety in Improving Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in Nsukka Education Zone Enugu State

This study was conducted on the role of staffing and safety in improving teachers’ job satisfaction. The study was guided by three research questions and three hypotheses. The study was carried out in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. A correlation research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of 193 (6 principals and 187 teachers) the population served as sample because the population is manageable and accessible. The study adopted three instruments for data collection which include staffing questionnaire (SFQ), safety Questionnaire (STQ) and teachers’ job satisfaction questionnaire (TJSQ). The internal consistency reliability indices of SFQ, STQ and TJSQ were determined to be 0.72, 0.76 using Cronbach alpha. Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression were adopted to answer the research questions and test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result shows that task persistence and students’ engagement significantly predict students’ academic achievement in Economics. From these findings, it was recommended among others that, Teachers should make sure that students are actively involved in teaching and learning process by so doing, the academic achievement of the students will be improved.

A Case Study on the Application of Socio-cultural Theory in International Chinese Language Classrooms

Research on sociocultural theory in second language acquisition is common, but there are few concrete methodological results for frontline teachers. In this paper, we first summarize the development of Vygotsky's sociocultural theory as the theoretical support of this paper; secondly, we use the sociocultural theory as the guide to design the teaching of the lesson "Learning Chinese with a Teacher", and describe in detail the implementation of the teaching process. Finally, it analyzes how to apply such a basic theory as socio-cultural theory to the practice of language teaching in a more grounded way from the perspective of teachers.