Processes Of Social Exclusion Research Articles

Dynamics of Social Exclusion in Urban Spheres in India

Urban inequality in India has increased with rising urban population. Urban poor particularly marginalised social groups face multidimensional exclusion in urban areas. The article attempts to engage and understand the multidimensional nature of social exclusion in urban spheres with the theoretical framework of the process of social exclusion. The article also highlights that marginalised social groups experience exclusion and discrimination in various socio-economic spheres. The article attempts to analyse impact of social exclusion on marginalised social groups. The social processes and interactions in urban areas are also determined by the social identities. The article examines the dynamics of multidimensional exclusion in urban spheres based on social identity. The article also suggests policies to make urban landscape more socially inclusive.

“We are the future”: Advant-aged women speak-out through spoken word poetry

This study aims to investigate women between the ages of 50 and 70 who write and perform spoken word poetry, through which they wish to lead positive social change, by turning the culture of silence into open discourse. This period represents a new phase of life. These women are at an “in-between” phase of being no longer young but not yet old and are between life roles. This is a new age group that has not yet been studied. We argue that this stage of life requires a new term. The term chosen for this study is advant-age because it implies the advantages and opportunities that this period of life affords. Although this group of women is growing in relation to the general population, the ageism and sexism they experience are increasing, creating a gradual process of social exclusion and reduction in their agency. Spoken Word Poetry (SWP) is written on a page but performed live in front of an audience. It is a poetic piece that includes rhythm, rhyme, and sometimes humor, which help convey complex messages with finesse. The importance of the current research lies in revealing a new and unresearched social phenomenon that has been developing in Israel in recent years: Advant-aged women are discussing issues that society usually silences, using methods that traditionally have been associated with younger groups. Through SWP, advant-aged women are enabling the possibility of raising these issues for public discussion and creating an opportunity for social change.

The Slow Intimacy of Necropolitics

Human beings seem to have a fascination with pictures of death or what can be called ‘necrovoyeurism’. Circulating pictures of dead bodies has become easier with the use of social media. Necropolitics or the politics of death relates to the careless treatment of the lives of the marginalised, destitute and the ones without voice, the precariat. In late modernity one of the shadow sides of democracy is necropolitics, using processes of social exclusion and devaluing the lives of the poor and the ones in need through the desire to ‘keep them out’ – to curb mobility through the brutality of borders that often leads to death. This article concerns itself with the slow intimacy of necropolitics – how, through looking at pictures of death and redistributing them by retweeting, appropriating, decontextualising and recontextualising them we slowly become acquainted with the intimacy of death that may prevent an authentic empathy or desire to change the conditions of the marginalised.

The events before the event

This article demonstrates how the concept of paratexts can be employed in the analysis of unfolding sports events. Drawing on the work of Jonathan Gray and Matt Hills, it reflects on the “extended presence” of sports events across media, space, and time – how mean- ing is created before, during, and after their apparent conclusion, and how their mediated “centres” appear to move in the process. By way of illustration, it examines a boxing event in early 2023 involving the popular British boxers Chris Eubank Jr. and Liam Smith; how- ever, it focuses on the events before the event – namely, the preceding press conference and weigh-in – and suggests that these “entryway events” were paratextually significant in shaping expectations and attitudes towards the “main event”. The article also demon- strates how sports events feed into wider processes of social inclusion and exclusion, often acting as lightning rods for public discussions of socio-political issues, such as race, class, gender, and (in this case) sexual orientation.

Multimorbidity as chronic crisis: 'Living on' with multiple long-term health conditions in a socially disadvantaged London borough.

Contemporary health services are primarily designed around single diseases. People with multimorbidity (multiple long-term health conditions) often become burdened by accumulated treatments. Through multimodal fieldwork in a socially disadvantaged London borough, we explore how people living with multimorbidity navigate conditions of 'chronic crisis', encompassing ill-health, overmedicalisation, polypharmacy and social exclusion. Participants in our study frequently experience 'existential stuckness', exacerbated by processes of social exclusion. We argue that diagnoses and treatments should account for people's unique aetiologies, and prioritise the notion of 'flourishing' over 'cure' as the absence of disease is not always achievable. To foster this emphasis on flourishing, we advocate for a dialogical turn in diagnostic processes that better support patients' existential needs in the context of long-term illness.

Specifics of objectification of the social exclusion, social inclusion categories (territorial aspect) in German

The article deals with specific features of objectification in German related to the categories of social exclusion and social inclusion in the territorial aspect on the example of the concepts «Kaff» and «Einöde». As a result of the definitional analysis of the similar lexemes, denoting these concepts, the author establishes nuclear semantic features – the absence of appropriate social conditions, low-population density area /uninhabited area (Einöde) and its small length, aimlessness of the subject’s existence (Kaff). These notions are described as the semantic field. The study found that the core of the semantic fields of the concepts «Einöde» and «Kaff» are the linguistic units directly indicating the nuclear semantic features and the periphery – the units actualizing the processes of social exclusion and in separate (rare) cases of social inclusion. The author identifies the units expressing spatial remoteness from the center, as well as static, absence of movement, changes as common leading language means expressing the category of social exclusion; as different – the units indicating a small spatial extent, verbs of socially determined movement with certain efforts of the subject (semantic field «Kaff»); verbs of unnoticed, aimless existence of the subject within the given object (semantic field «Einöde»).The results of the research suggest that the lexeme Kaff to a greater extent as compared to the lexeme Einöde objectifies the processes of territorial social exclusion in the context. The author notes that the language units Kaff and Einöde do not have unambiguous equivalents in Russian. As a result of the contextual analysis the author reveals additional semantic features, specifying these concepts, which are not reflected in the glossary of the German language.

Inequity in palliative care: class and active ageing when dying

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to explore social inequity in palliative care in Denmark, a country that is seen as a stronghold of universal health care. Using data stemming from 2 years of research, we have selected two cases for analysis. They consist of palliative conversations with two quite different patients. Drawing on sociocultural class theory, we find that the conversations involve social exclusion processes due to discourses of active ageing. We find that one privileged patient performs in line with an entrepreneurial self and is supported by the nurse. The other, disadvantaged patient performs in a passive way, and the conversation mainly alleviates the disrespect he has experienced in healthcare encounters. We conclude that palliative care reinforces classifying practices and distinctions between “good” and “bad” patients, when active ageing becomes a dominant factor. We suggest improving the quality and sensitivity of medical training and call for increased reflexivity among professionals on the unequal situation of patients in order to reduce inequity in access to health care when close to death.

Особенности объективации категорий социальной эксклюзии – социальной инклюзии в русском языке (на примере понятий «глубинка» и «глушь»)

The article is devoted to the consideration of the objectification peculiarities of the social exclusion and social inclusion categories in the territorial aspect in the Russian language on the case of the "glubinka" ("hinterland") and "glush" ("wilderness") concepts. As a result of the definitional analysis of the eponymous lexemes denoting these concepts, nuclear semantic features are identified – large distance from an object with different social conditions (hinterland) and a large distance from the center and sparse population (wilderness). The concepts are characterized from the standpoint of the semantic field. It is established that the core of the semantic fields of the "glubinka" ("hinterland") and "glush" ("wilderness") concepts are linguistic units that directly indicate nuclear semantic features. The periphery is comprised of the units that actualize the processes of social exclusion and in some cases social inclusion. Verbs with negation and predicative No are noted to be the common prevalent linguistic means that express the category of social exclusion, while the units of the thematic group "social difficulties"; quantitative qualifiers which indicate a low (up to a minimum) degree of something (semantic field "hinterland"); verbs of socially conditioned displacement, and deictic units (semantic field "wilderness") are viewed as distinctive ones. It is concluded that the "glush" ("wilderness") lexeme objectifies the processes of territorial social exclusion in the context to a greater extent than the "glubinka" ("hinterland") lexeme.

Образ глубинки в российских и немецких СМИ

The article considers the media image of the hinterland as objectifying the categories of social exclusion, social inclusion based on the material of the National Corpus of the Russian Language newspaper subcorps and the system of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences digital dictionaries (German). For the purpose of a more in-depth description of this media image, the article also provides a characteristic of a close media image of the province. The research paper establishes synonymic row of units representing the media image of the hinterland, it considers the lexeme of the same name in Russian (glubinka) and the Hinterland lexeme in German as key ones; within the media image of the province key lexemes are provintsiia and Provinz. In the structure of the hinterland media image in both languages, nuclear and peripheral zones and their constituent groups of linguistic means are distinguished: adjectives (derived from horonyms); spatial qualifiers; units nominating the subject; descriptives; deictic units; constructions of opposition (within the framework of the opposition «center – not the center»), verbal units of various actions; constructions of negation. The paper establishes that the media image of the province, compared with the media image of the hinterland, is structured to a lesser extent in the factual material and is positioned mainly within the framework of the opposition «capital – province» (Russian), «city – province» (German), while the socio-cultural stereotyping of this image in the German language is noted. A certain pattern of the social exclusion and social inclusion actualization processes in media texts is revealed. In the Russian language, the media image of the hinterland in the texts of the central media reflects both the processes of social exclusion and inclusion (to a lesser extent); in the texts of regional media – mainly the processes of social inclusion. In German, the reflection of these processes is directly related to the designated territory. The article comes to a conclusion about the national and cultural coloring of the hinterland media image. In the Russian language, this image is characterized by ambivalence (static, problematic / “Russianness”, authenticity, cultural potential). In the German language, the national and cultural specificity of the media image is due to the geographical and spatial location of the territory described.

The University and Social Work Under Neoliberalism: Where’s the Social Inclusion for Disabled Faculty?

There is an urgent need to increase the social inclusion of postsecondary faculty with disabilities by reducing the need to adapt to ableist and sanist neoliberal standards. In this article, two social work faculty with disabilities argue that their social exclusion is inevitable under systemic neoliberal priorities of individualism, efficiency, and productivity. We engage in a systems analysis of how educational institutions, namely universities, engage in practices and processes of social exclusion of faculty with disabilities through neoliberal ideologies, policies, and practices. Using an autoethnographic case study method, guided by an intersectional and disability justice theoretical framing, the authors challenge the ahistorical and non‐relational tendencies of neoliberalism in its many forms. Using lived experience as data, the authors elucidate strategies to promote social inclusion aimed at universities and at the discipline of social work. In conclusion, the authors advocate for change at the structural level for the social work profession and for postsecondary institutions.

Social Exclusion as Spiritual Inclusion

Abstract Through ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 2020–2021, this paper investigates how people experiencing poverty and social exclusion process their collective in-group/ out-group identity as the urban ‘others’ in faith-based food assistance in Finland. By building on the concept of collective identity and employing narrative construction, the analysis shows that not only does perceived social exclusion function as a stigmatizing self-category and symbolic boundary maker but also as a resource for resistance, especially in the theological accounts of the informants. When looking through the lenses of urban theology, the informants do not just tell a story about themselves, but they do theology as well. All in all, the others may be excluded from society and yet included in Spirit.

Mixedness and Intersectionality: The Use of Relief Maps to Understand the Experiences of Multiracial Women of African Descent in Spain

This article analyzes the experiences of multiracial women of African descent in Catalonia, Spain—looking at their identity processes, social relations, experiences of racialization and discrimination, and strategies of resistance—using a novel qualitative research method called “Relief Maps,” a very useful tool for the study of social inequalities from an intersectional and multilocational perspective. Relief Maps are a data collection tool and a means of visualizing and analyzing data—providing a graphical representation of interviewee narratives that discuss processes of social inclusion and exclusion. The maps represent three dimensions of experience: (1) psychological (indicating the respondent’s level of discomfort or well-being); (2) geographical (including at least five physical or experiential locations: e.g., home, street, work, school); and (3) social (examining seven social variables or aspects of identity: i.e., gender, ethnicity/skin color, age, sexual orientation, social class, physical appearance, and religion). In this way, the maps show where greater or lesser well-being or discomfort is experienced by the respondent based on each aspect of identity, thus indicating personal places of oppression, places of controversial intersections, neutral places, and places of relief. We argue that this supplementary investigative technique is highly relevant to research in the social sciences, particularly in the field of mixed-race, critical race, and ethnic studies, as it provides an intersectional, reflective, nuanced, and contextual lens for understanding complex social phenomena, leading to information of greater analytical strength.

URBAN PUBLIC TRANSIT’S TERRITORIES: THE CASE OF ECOBUS IN CIUDAD JUAREZ, MEXICO

The concrete use that traditional social groups make of Latin American urban mobility infrastructures stands as a great unknown in the social sciences and humanities. This use obeys both specific needs and ways of understanding the city similar to subaltern cosmogony. The denial or marginalization of these cultural practices by the public powers affects the processes of precariousness and social exclusion but, in this case, also it generates forms of symbolic resistance. To understand these specificities, I design an ethnography on wheels for a year in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. The strategy includes observation-participation and various conversation techniques. The data were contrasted from a subaltern approach, including some concepts from human geography and the sociology of mobility. The most outstanding findings were the demonstration of the symbolic appropriation of public space through two mechanisms that I call in mobility and by mobility.

Zaíta não será esquecida: a vida em fragmentos e as crianças em Conceição Evaristo

This study seeks to reflect on violence in impoverished Brazilian communities with a strong criminal presence, as portrayed by contemporary Brazilian author Conceição Evaristo, based on the analysis of the short story «Zaíta forgot to put the toys away» (2014). Considering the extreme form of aggression against children, such as the use of physical or psychological force to impose a will and control, this goes through a conditioning that is manifested by processes of authoritarianism, repression, segregation and social exclusion. The short story analyzes the consequences of a way of thinking, acting and placing oneself in relation to the other marked by direct and indirect experiences of violence that are replicated in a vicious circle and that result in lives that are like the mutilated and lost toy of the little girl Zaíta.

La representación social de los migrantes durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Un estudio de caso italiano sobre narrativas hostiles y comunicación política visual

The present research investigates the social categorisation and construction of immigrants in Italy during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, hostile political narratives deployed on Twitter by three monitored Italian political forces (Matteo Salvini - La Lega party -Giorgia Meloni - Fratelli d’Italia - and the neofascist movement Casa Pound) and their visual representation of migration and migrants were analysed. Following a defined theoretical framework on the phenomena of othering, moral panic, processes of social exclusion and the role the “new” digital media play in such processes - especially in terms of negative and emotional political communication - the analysis deconstructs and identifies the founding elements of the political narratives on migrants, focusing on their visual component. The review of the sociological literature on the construction and representation of diversity and otherness introduces the empirical case study of the digital and visual communication monitoring performed from March 2020 to December 2021. Through the qualitative analysis of the visual content retrieved from the tweets collected, recurrent themes and communication strategies were investigated, determining the identification of four macro-categories upon which the construction and representation of immigrants and migration was carried out in the chosen context.

Exclusion of Scheduled Tribes in Access to Digital Services in India: Bottlenecks and the Way Forward

The digital India initiative was launched in 2015 with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. Digital India strives to bring inclusive growth and bridge the digital divide by leveraging technology solutions that are low cost, developmental, and transformative and designed to empower ordinary Indians. However, digital services are not being uniformly distributed and accessible to all segments of the society. Some communities, the Scheduled Tribes (STs) in particular-face considerable obstacles in accessing digital services and are either completely or partially excluded. ‘Exclusion’ in the socio-political context may be defined as the process through which individuals or groups are wholly or partially excluded from full participation in the society in which they live. The ST population represents one of the most economically backward and socially excluded groups in India. As per 2011 Census, ST population constitute 8.6% of the total population of the India. They generally live in remote areas mainly forests, hills and inaccessible areas and speak a different language. The tribes have been confined to low status and are often physically and socially isolated. The process of social exclusion in STs are closely associated with the factors like geographical isolation, high level of poverty, low level of education, economical exclusion, socio-cultural exclusion, socially least awareness, miss out government services and welfare programmes, less exposure in society, etc,. In this backdrop, the present paper is to analyse major issues and challenges faced by Indian tribal community in access to digital services and digital platforms.

In search of a cool identity: how young people negotiate religious and ethnic boundaries in a superdiverse context

In this paper, we aim to study how young people navigate a super-diverse majority-minority context, and how they negotiate bright religious and ethnic symbolic boundaries. Our study is based on 40 in-depth interviews with young people from various ethnic, social and religious backgrounds in the super-diverse city of Antwerp. Our analysis shows that young people generally draw on a cultural repertoire of commonplace diversity to navigate various peer relations and present diversity as a normal element of everyday life. However, our analysis also shows how ethnic minority youth experience bright ethnic and religious boundaries and need to navigate social exclusion processes. While minority youth rework bright boundaries by inverting their othered position and redefining coolness through a repertoire of ethnic hybridity, white majority youth face new challenges as their previously taken-for-granted dominant position becomes questioned and contested within a super-diverse setting. Our analysis shows how white majority youth manage their changing social position by drawing upon cultural repertoires of ethnic purity and ‘normal’ youthfulness, yet this also raises the question of whether they can draw on cultural repertoires, which do not imply nativist white identity politics.

Complex identities in ethical social work practice and research

ABSTRACT Identity, a socially constructed concept, makes sense of who we are, and how we relate to others and define our places in the world, including the physical environment. Identity formation and maintenance are complex, transactional relationships negotiated through interpersonal interactions and constantly adapting to the people we meet. Identity is culturally specific and changes through exchanges between and across cultures. Identity formation is fluid, dynamic, and reproduced through interaction with others. Identity is negotiated through power relations to create feelings of “belonging” and acceptance in specific situations and locales. Being accepted as belonging establishes an individual’s and community’s entitlement to human rights in society through social inclusion and exclusion processes. Working with those who do not “belong”, social workers aware of the impact of the social construction of identity should treat people with respect and dignity and provide necessary services.

Architectures of contemporary digital platforms in education: analysis of exclusion processes.

The Internet is a wide, open and dynamic ecosystem of digital platforms where people and technologies contribute to the creation and consumption of digital information. The convergence of the Internet and the accelerated change of technological innovation have been the engines of society and its development, and all this has caused transformations in the social, economic and educational context. In this context, this work analyzes contemporary digital platform architectures and their influence on the processes of educational exclusion. To meet the objectives, the crucial changes brought about by digitally mediated life are studied; the conceptual and technological aspects that characterize contemporary digital platform architectures; and its influence on exclusion processes. This research is supported by qualitative research methodologies; the analysis and synthesis methods, the PRISMA model, and a meta-analysis of data extracted from the Scopus databases and the Web of Science-WOS is also carried out. The work shows changes in the social and educational context given the consolidation of the Internet through contemporary digital platform architectures and its influence on the processes of social, digital and educational exclusion. The need to promote equal opportunities, active participation and the capacity for professional insertion between women and men is visualized.

Shame, Anger and the Lived Experience of School Disengagement for Marginalised Students: A Recognition Theory Approach

Experiences at school are fundamental in shaping young people’s worldviews, sense of worth and willingness to engage, not only at school but also with wider society. This article seeks to gain a deeper understanding of processes of inequality and social exclusion by qualitatively investigating Australian young people’s narratives about their school experiences, paying attention to how relationality shapes schooling subjectivities. The framework of recognition theory is applied to analyse social relations embedded in and across these sites. The article underscores the difficulties disadvantaged students face in challenging their marginalised positioning, as these positions were relentlessly reinforced in their encounter with the educational system and institutional judgement. A student’s apparent ‘apathy’ and ‘disengagement’ towards school can in many cases be seen as resistance to exclusionary social relations. Schooling structures and processes taking account of young people’s relational struggles and strivings to belong may more successfully engage students at risk of disengaging.