Process Of Educational Reform Research Articles

The Exploration of “Online + Offline” Mixed Teaching Mode of Electrical Automation Technology Professional Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges

With the development of the digital age, information technology (IT) is being gradually applied to all walks of life, especially in the education industry to promote the process of education reform. In this paper, the “online + offline” mixed teaching mode of electrical automation technology courses in higher vocational colleges is discussed, the current teaching status is analyzed, and the targeted teaching implementation strategy is put forward. By putting students as the main body of teaching activities, the improvement of teaching efficiency is promoted and experience for the development of electrical automation technology professional courses is accumulated.

Kingdon의 정책흐름 모형을 활용한 중국 ‘쌍감(双减)’ 정책의 정책의제설정 및 정책결정과정 분석

This study aimed to analyze the policy formation process of the ‘Double Reduction’ Policy (DRP) based on Kingdon’s multiple streams model. As a result of the study, the problems stream refers to the problem of inequity in education, heavy homework burden and overheated extracurricular education destroying the educational order, leading to social problems and becoming a national issue. In order to solve these problems, the government and educational experts discussed, revised, and reunited countermeasures and previous policies and created policy alternatives. The politics stream is the core variable, which solves the academic burden problem in the education reform process through factors such as national emotions and changes in national educational development concepts. The educational development concept of “strengthening moral education and cultivating people” and maintaining educational equity have strongly impacted on the derivation, development, and transformation of policies to reduce student burden. A significant opportunity to create a “policy window” by combining the above three streams was realized through the combination of national ‘Two Sessions’ in 2021 and the opening of the 19th meeting of the comprehensively deepening reform Committee on May 21, 2021. The policy intention to reform school education and regulating off after-school educational training was raised as a policy agenda, and the DRP was eventually formed.

May 31st Educational Reform and the Establishment Process of Educational Reform

May 31st Educational Reform and the Establishment Process of Educational Reform

Implementation And Initiatives of Higher Education Reform to Teaching Management

The implementation and promotion of higher education reform are of great significance for improving the quality of teaching management in higher education. This paper used qualitative research to investigate and study the specific measures of teaching management in Shandong Youth University of Political Science during the implementation process of higher education reform. It aims to identify the problems in teaching management of Shandong Youth University of Political Science in higher education reform, and further construct a scientific feasible optimization strategies and implementation suggestions can help promote the healthy development of the university's teaching management and provide excellent case support for the teaching management and improvement of other universities.

AUTOMATIC EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF EXAMS' QUESTIONS WRITTEN IN ARABIC LANGUAGE BASED ON BLOOM’S TAXONOMY: A SURVEY

Most countries of the world are making great efforts in educational reform processes, and they have established quality departments, which have played a major role in the education reform process in first world countries and also in some developing countries, as it is one of the main pillars of the new management model to keep pace with international and local changes. The studies in the field of Blooms taxonomy in Arabic Language is very rare. However, there is a number of rich different studies conducted in English language using Bloom taxonomy classification of questions. The written exams questions are the most important tool in use among the evaluation tools that teachers use in universities or schools, and that importance increases when the results of those exams indicate that there is a shortage or lack of production, or that there are shortcomings or weaknesses in the production. Previous studies dealing with research on types of teachers’ Questions and mainly the analysis of final exam questions, classroom questions or textbook questions. Also there is a number of studies have applied Bloom’s taxonomy to automatic text classification in English language. The materials being classified, features and classifiers used in these studies are summarized below

Study of the Application of Technology in Teaching Rugby in Colleges and Universities

In the college physical education reform process, many teachers have begun to readjust their teaching directions and ideas, enrich teaching contents and forms while guiding and encouraging students, in order to ensure students to learn more in a free and relaxed learning atmosphere and further improve their overall quality. Currently, some colleges and universities take rugby as the basis for their physical education teaching practices, and also integrate it into my country’s physical education. In the process of guiding and encouraging students, it is essential to cultivate and improve students’ physical qualities, and ensure that they can master the skills and core of rugby. Thus, they can better achieve the individual growth and development. Compared with other sports games, however, Rugby developed late in our country, making many teachers and students have a relatively simple understanding of it. Therefore, in the process of introducing this sport, we teachers should make full preparations to pay attention to different details and influencing factors, as well as actively cultivate students’ awareness of active participation. Gradually, students can master the sports skills and styles suitable for themselves, and form a new understanding of rugby. From a macro perspective, this paper aims to understand the necessity of introducing rugby into college physical education and related measures through combining theoretical analysis and time research. It is expected to provide a certain reference for promoting the reform of college physical education and also improving the teaching quality.

中国近代学制建⽴过程中的书院改制

The late Qing Dynasty saw two significant events in education: the restructuring of academies and the establishment of a new educational system. These marked a shift from importing Western education to constructing a comprehensive Chinese education system by imitating Western systems. The restructuring of academies laid the foundation for the comprehensive implementation of China's modern educational system. Schools were established at various levels using academy resources, forming the basic hierarchy and main body of the primary form of modern national education. In Hunan province, the process of traditional educational institution reform showed a complex coexistence of the old and the new. The new educational system brought internal changes to institutions and an overall transformation, with both old and new elements. The experiences, methods, and resources from the old academy system have been revitalized in the new system.
 
 改制书院, 建立学制是除停罢科举以外, 淸末敎育的两个重大事件, 标志着近 代以来中国的敎育制度改革的探索, 从引西入中, 最终走上以西改中, 全面模仿 西方建设中国敎育体系的道路, 书院改制为中国近代学制方案的全面推行打下了 基础, 集中书院资源改制建设的各级学堂, 构成了近代国家敎育系统的最初的基 本层级和主体, 以湖南省为中心进行考察, 可见传统敎育机构变革的过程, 呈现 出旧中立新, 新中存旧的复杂状态, 新学制所牵涉的有关敎育机构内部的变化与 整体的转型, 表现出新旧杂陈的连续性, 旧的书院制经验, 方式, 资源在新的制 度中得以延续, 在新的敎育体制中焕发生命力,

PENGELOLAAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KURIKULUM MERDEKA BAGI GURU OLAHRAGA JSIT WILAYAH BENGKULU

Freedom to Learn is an educational terms that is currently being promoted by the Minister of Education and Culture. It is hoped that the principle of Freedom to Learn can accelerate the process of education reform in Indonesia, which has so far been considered to be slowly withering. Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar is motivated by the results of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) which shows that 70% of students aged 15 years are below the minimum competence in understanding simple reading or applying basic mathematical concepts. This community service activity focuses on sports teachers in JSIT Bengkulu who are given training on the content of Kurikulum Merdeka and Profil Pancasila, then the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka and Profil Pancasila in PJOK learning. The method used in this activity is Lectures on the Content of Kurikulum Merdeka and Profil Pancasila students, the Implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka and Profil Pancasila in PJOK learning). Evaluation of the success of this activity is carried out smoothly and well. The response of the participants during this activity was very positive and very enthusiastic. Where the theme of this activity is useful for all sports teachers who are members of JSIT in carrying out kurikum merdeka belajar learning.

Pedagogical change and innovation culture in secondary education: a Delphi study

Secondary education in Spain is being the most controversial educational stage in educational reform processes, in relation to youth cultures and ways of learning and knowing in the emerging digital society. We present the results of the application of a Delphi methodology, as the first phase of a broader research on disruptive practices in Secondary Education. Its aim was to gather the opinion of 20 experts on how educational innovation processes are perceived at this educational level, as well as the mediations on which they are based. The Delphi questionnaire was applied in 3 Spanish regions (Andalusia, Castile and Leon, Extremadura) and was carried out in two consecutive rounds. Subsequently, focus groups were held with these experts in each of the regions. The results are grouped around 4 axes: the school institution, learning in non-formal contexts, educational innovation and innovation culture, and technological mediation. The conclusions reveal the main limitations of Secondary Education in Spain: lack of curricular flexibility, leadership for change and openness to the community, technocentric vision of educational innovation and insufficient training in digital competence of teachers.

The military involvement and extraordinary policymaking in higher education: evidence from Turkey

ABSTRACT Armed forces have been involved in higher education reform processes as either the sole or dominant reform actors in various regions of the world throughout the twentieth century and onwards. During the rule of (interim) military governments or juntas, higher education institutions and systems have been considerably affected by top-down reform initiatives. However, we know relatively little about what role they have played in reform processes and what kind of change outcomes these reforms have produced. Against this backdrop, this study brings two largely unexplored phenomena into the forefront of higher education policy: extraordinary policymaking and military involvement in policy reforms. Theoretically, it crystallizes certain propositions about the nature and actors of policymaking and develops some insights into change expectations based on historical institutionalism and the available empirical research. Empirically, it examines three illustrative case studies, i.e., higher education reforms in Turkey, which came after the 1960, 1971, and 1980 military interventions, in terms of institutional and systemic governance. Even though the analysis offers empirical knowledge only on the case of Turkey, its conceptual and theoretical underpinnings may have relevance for further studies on other countries that have experienced similar processes in higher education policymaking.

Construction and Application of English-Chinese Multimodal Emotional Corpus Based on Artificial Intelligence

Multimodal corpus is a new type of multimedia teaching aid tool that was born and widely used in the current social development and educational reform process. It is mainly based on computer technology and network technology, and uses various multimedia materials as corpus to establish a more comprehensive English database. Corpus is increasingly used in English-Chinese multimodal teaching. Combining the content of the corpus with modern information technology will help to better understand the meaning, usage and collocation of English and Chinese multimodality, and then improve the initiative of autonomous learning. Furthermore, English-Chinese multimodality is a fixed or semi-fixed programmed language, which can be directly extracted from memory according to the context during use, which can effectively improve learners’ writing efficiency and overcome the negative impact of native language transfer. Facing the task of sentiment analysis, this article has taken the text semantic representation technology based on representation learning as the main method, and carries out a series of researches from the definition of implicit emotion, the characteristics of language expression and the recognition method. Finally, in the language system of modern Chinese, it is found that there are many sentence patterns that are very similar to the middle verb structure in language expression, but the efficiency is still improved by 3.6%. Compared with traditional methods, the English-Chinese multimodal sentiment corpus method based on artificial intelligence can better reflect the application value of language, which also helps to feel the real context, change the way of thinking, and make the way of thinking more suitable for the language awareness of native speakers, thereby improving the vividness of language expression.

Development and Reform of Chinese Education

From the early 1990s, the educational system in China has been subjected to a never-ending process of reform and modernization. In this article, the obstacles that were faced during the process of education reform, as well as the practice and impact of reform, the twofold reduction approach, and the future development route of education reform, are examined. The most important precondition for people's continued survival and development across time is the ability to acquire new knowledge. The evolution of education in the future calls for a healthy dose of introspection and self-assurance. It is imperative that we move quickly to build plans for education governance and work toward becoming a global education authority as soon as this is practically possible.

ІНДИКАТОРИ НУШ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ОСВІТНЬОЇ РЕФОРМИ ВЧИТЕЛЯМИ ЗАКЛАДІВ ЗСО

The general secondary education reform is an innovative process, which requires a "renewed" specialist for its successful implementation. In this context, a teacher should be a creative individual who is able to solve educational problems innovatively. To achieve this, teachers should constantly improve their professional skills. A teacher with higher education and relevant professional experience can help develop creative individuals who are capable of achieving career success and withstanding life's challenges. Therefore, our research on providing pedagogical staff for the New Ukrainian School reform identified various factors, including the educational background and pedagogical experience, to address this challenge. For the analysis, we compiled a list of educational indicators, which allow us to validate the collected and analyzed statistical data, used for their calculation. For example, the indicator "Distribution of the number of teachers by educational and qualification levels and type of area" shows that the five-year reform of general secondary education, starting from the 2017/2018 academic year, has positively influenced the educational level of school teachers. In particular, the measures implemented as part of the reform to increase the prestige of the teaching profession led to a 1,3% increase in the proportion of teachers with a master's degree in cities and a 4,6% increase in rural areas. However, although the indicator "Distribution of class size by type of area" shows positive trends, the performance of the general secondary education network needs further optimization. The maximum value of this indicator, as stated in the law "On complete general secondary education", is 30. Thus, we can see that the educational indicators in accordance with the provisions of the "New Ukrainian school" Concept allow us to draw certain conclusions and formulate recommendations for adjustment of the educational reform process.

A Proposed of the Job Description Card for Educational Supervisors (Technical Supervisors) in Public Education Areas in Kuwait

In order to achieve the educational reform process and invest in human cadres as a base for improving educational quality in planning, implementation and evaluation, the present study aimed to identify the reasons that require the development and preparation of a job description card for the occupants of supervisory positions and the requirements to achieve it in Kuwait. Then, to reach a proposal for a mechanism for implementing the job descriptions card with the relevant institutions and authorities. To achieve the object of the study, the analytical approach was used by adopting the method of content analysis based on collecting and analyzing information contained in documents, literatures, researches, dissertations and theses related to the subject. The proposal that has been reached will lead to raising in the quality of job performance and increasing the spirit of competition and distinction among the candidates for supervisory positions through the job description card form in order to avoid duplication and overlap between concepts and roles assigned to them and to preserve their functional rights. The study resulted in a number of suggestions that will help researchers in the field of job description and its role in raising the efficiency of performance in particular to continue the educational reform process and raise the efficiency of the educational system.

A Proposed of the Job Description Card for Educational Supervisors (Technical Supervisors) in Public Education Areas in Kuwait

In order to achieve the educational reform process and invest in human cadres as a base for improving educational quality in planning, implementation and evaluation, the present study aimed to identify the reasons that require the development and preparation of a job description card for the occupants of supervisory positions and the requirements to achieve it in Kuwait. Then, to reach a proposal for a mechanism for implementing the job descriptions card with the relevant institutions and authorities. To achieve the object of the study, the analytical approach was used by adopting the method of content analysis based on collecting and analyzing information contained in documents, literatures, researches, dissertations and theses related to the subject. The proposal that has been reached will lead to raising in the quality of job performance and increasing the spirit of competition and distinction among the candidates for supervisory positions through the job description card form in order to avoid duplication and overlap between concepts and roles assigned to them and to preserve their functional rights. The study resulted in a number of suggestions that will help researchers in the field of job description and its role in raising the efficiency of performance in particular to continue the educational reform process and raise the efficiency of the educational system.

The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa by Peter Kallaway

Reviewed by: The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa by Peter Kallaway Tiana Nowzari The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa. By Peter Kallaway. New York: Routledge, 2020. Peter Kallaway is a South African professor emeritus at the University of the Western Cape. He has published several works on education and society in Africa within a colonial context. His new book provides an extensive analysis of the authority figures that held power over policymaking and which knowledge prioritized over others. The Changing Face of Colonial Education in Africa offers a comprehensive and nuanced examination of colonial history in South Africa and its influences on educational policies during the last phase and formal end of colonialism. Although the research focuses on a South African context, the author applies the narrative to the general context of African history to illustrate infrequently explored topics of development and education in Africa. The research explains the process and evolution of educational reforms that have aimed to change perceived social and educational problems. More importantly, it describes the intent to reform African culture and way of life through a Eurocentric lens. This book provides extensive knowledge of colonial education in Africa and touches on sociological concepts of colonialism and postcolonialism. The author delivers a compelling description of African history based on scientific research and development. This book contributes to sociological research, particularly to colonial and postcolonial theories. These theories can be applied throughout the author's research as it underlines the main social and educational influences throughout the development of education in Africa. At the beginning of the book, Kallaway offers a broad social background of Western capitalist and imperialist goals that ultimately had an impact on the decisions made within policymaking in education. International organisations, such as the International Missionary Council, helped configure the initial objective of "civilising the natives" by westernising them. Based on Eurocentric ideologies, the aim was to assimilate South Africans into a Christian society. The main principle sought to create Christian Africans at school who could implement Christian values in everyday life. The book considers the socialisation process within schools through colonialism and displays the relevance of using education as an agent for social change. It further exhibits how education acted as a tool to propagate colonial discourses throughout other civilizations. African knowledge and customs were undervalued compared to the inclusion of Eurocentric and, primarily, white-led strategies. Kallaway's work thus offers a demonstration of how education served to shape a society influenced by Western culture. Kallaway's work provides historical examples that are important when compared to other sociological research and knowledge. He compares policymaking to other international events of assimilation and colonialism, such as Indian and African-American educational reform, that sought to create an emerging culture contingent on Christian values in South Africa. In other words, his book offers an insight into general colonial theories and practices that are a grander narrative of colonial and Eurocentric discourses imitated across continents that aimed to colonise societies. Policymakers used pre-existing knowledge and experiences from international and historical examples that designed the approach to sketching educational policies. His work issues a comprehensible conception of the social changes that would ultimately influence the developing goals and policies in education. The author produces an in-depth insight into the underlying problems stemming from the gap between education and greater African society. From a Eurocentric lens, educational policies excluded African culture and traditions. However, this book sheds light on the advocacy for the inclusion of African values and customs in the decision-making process of policy implementation. The removal of culture and tradition in education emphasised the separation of Africans from their Indigenous lifestyles and knowledge. It also fuelled the advocacy for the reclamation of culture with the argument that it would promote the reintegration of Africans into changing societies. The mission developed through the emergence and contribution of scientific research-based methodology. The importance of scientific methodology in policy development demonstrates a continuously changing phenomenon needing to evolve to produce promising results. It introduced a new way to assess policymaking and reconstructed methods that create academic institutions. Kallaway writes about a chronological timeline of the methodology that narrated South...

Educational Reform in Contemporary China: An Autobiographic Ethnographic Study of a Local University in Gansu Province

This paper reviews the educational reform process in contemporary China based on an autobiographic ethnographic case study of Tianshui Normal University (TNU) in Gansu province. It examines the relationship between Chinese culture and education, probes the modern education model in China, and offers some operational suggestions for further education reforms in China. The author adopted qualitative research methods to study the critical issues related to educational reform in contemporary China and demonstrated the accomplishments of educational reform in China.

Analysis on the Effect of Wushu Project Propagation in Nonmaterial Cultural Field of Environmental Protection Based on Artificial Intelligence Analysis Technology.

Since the beginning of the new century, the party and the government have always attached great importance to youth sports work and cared about the healthy growth of youth. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued the opinions on strengthening youth sports and strengthening youth physique, which has initially formed a social consensus on promoting the healthy growth of young students. With the process of school education reform and the promulgation and implementation of the Ministry of Education's opinions on implementing and ensuring the time of daily sports activities for primary and middle school students, especially the official launch of the “national sunshine sports for hundreds of millions of students” in 2021, the school sports work in China has entered a new historical stage. Under this premise, the status and importance of Wushu in the intangible cultural field of schools have been gradually improved. As an important part of school sports, Wushu in the field of intangible culture plays an important role in strengthening students' physique, improving students' health, and promoting students' intellectual development. It is also one of the basic ways to realize school sports. How to better play its role has attracted the attention of many experts and scholars. This study focuses on the current situation of Wushu projects in the field of intangible culture in Weixian Middle School of Xingtai City, trying to understand its advantages and existing problems through the current situation, and put forward targeted solutions, so as to enable Wushu projects in the field of intangible culture to play their educational and fitness functions in school sports and provide help for the comprehensive development of middle school students.

Stoking the Flames: A Community Cultural Wealth Analysis of Black Parents’ Engagement in an Empowerment Organization

While parent involvement has been shown to have positive academic outcomes for their children, for structural changes to be made, parents have to go from being active to taking on a more activist role, thus “stoking the flame” of the norm. Parent advocacy and empowerment groups play a vital role in the transformation of parent activists, yet their contributions are often overlooked in the literature on parent involvement. Using Yosso’s Community Cultural Wealth Framework, findings from this qualitative study examine how a parent empowerment group embraced the cultural assets and strengths of Black parents, served as the spark to engage them in the educational reform process, and built a platform for them as activists. This research expands conceptualizations of parent involvement to include activism and asserts parent advocacy and empowerment groups as vital stakeholders in educational change.

MOVEMENT TEACHER

Abstract: This discussion aims to increase understanding of the driving teacher who is part of the education reform process towards a better change and has a fundamental role in implementing independent learning. The ambitious teacher is a program of identifying and training future educational leaders. Motivating teachers are required to have more capabilities than teachers in general. A Motivating Teacher must have the characteristics of a good teacher, but a good teacher is not necessarily a Motivator. A good teacher is a teacher with good performance but only in the classroom. They can improve student achievement, teach creatively and innovatively, and develop their competence. Meanwhile, the role of the driving teacher is not only limited to being successful in managing the class they are teaching. In addition to being a good teacher, a Motivating Teacher must also have the will to lead, innovate, and make changes. As a teacher, the teacher must still integrate character values ​​into the learning process, whether it is included in teaching materials, assignments or daily tests. We always communicate with students in various teaching applications such as WhatsApp links, Google Classroom, Zoom Meeting, Google Meet, and others in teaching and learning activities. There are things to communicate that may be considered trivial and usually happen. Still, it turns out to be very important for us to cultivate good character for students when we talk in online media. Motivating teachers are expected to encourage student growth holistically and become Pancasila students. The driving teacher will be an inspiration for other teachers, have teaching innovations and varied teaching media, and become peer tutors at school.