Process Of Agricultural Modernization Research Articles

Analysis of the Application Advantages and Technical Characteristics of Agricultural Machinery Automation Technology

With the rapid development of science and technology, agricultural production needs to be modernized in order to improve efficiency, reduce costs and reduce the burden of farmers. However, there are many disadvantages in the traditional agricultural production mode, which is difficult to meet the needs of modern agricultural development. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the application advantages and technical characteristics of agricultural machinery automation technology, and puts forward the strategies of deeply understanding the agricultural production needs, strengthening technology research and development and innovation, and paying attention to talent training and introduction. Through the effective application of agricultural machinery automation technology, it is expected to realize the intelligence, precision and adaptability of agricultural production, so as to promote the process of agricultural modernization in China, ensure the national food security and increase farmers income.

Research on the Dilemma and Optimization Strategy of Rural Digital Governance under the Urban-Rural Co-Governance Pattern

Under the concept of "co-construction, joint governance and sharing", digital technology has become an important driving force for the co-governance of urban and rural communities, which is of great significance to improve the modernization level of governance. At the same time, the digital transformation of rural governance can promote the digital transformation of rural agriculture, ecology, governance, culture, life style and other aspects, and promote the process of agricultural and rural modernization. On the basis of practical investigation, this topic uses AHP-SWOT analysis to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors and strategic choices of rural digital governance, and discusses the application scenarios of digital governance combined with factor analysis, and puts forward an optimization strategy for how to effectively promote rural digital governance at the present stage. This paper aims to explore how digital technology can promote the improvement of rural governance level, and provide practical inspiration for the government's governance decisions in rural life and production.

Trends, Drivers, and Land Use Strategies for Facility Agricultural Land during the Agricultural Modernization Process: Evidence from Huzhou City, China

Trends, Drivers, and Land Use Strategies for Facility Agricultural Land during the Agricultural Modernization Process: Evidence from Huzhou City, China

Agricultural extension debatable issues

Extension, and extension workers in particular, drive the agricultural modernization process and the rest of those in associated professions and positions are ‘support staff.’ Whether you are a lecturer, a professor, a dean, a researcher, an extension director or a head of a non-government organization, if your mission is to develop smallholder agriculture at farmer level, you are supporting the field extension worker to achieve your/farmers’ goals. To this extent, it is no surprise that, when no perceptible improvement takes place at the farmer level, the blame lies squarely on the shoulders of extension. Despite its importance, agricultural extension is the most misunderstood of all agricultural disciplines, and the lack of understanding reveals itself in several ways. This paper discusses some of the misconceptions and debatable issues that affect the way extension is supported, the way it is structured, the way it is staffed and the way extension workers are trained and capacitated. The misconceptions also affect the kinds and levels of expectations people have of extension. The misconceptions include: unending definitions of extension, expanding extension concepts, blaming extension for perceived failures in agriculture, undermining the extension discipline, inadequacies in extension teaching and training, markets and the role of extension and structural changes in extension. The origins of some of these debatable issues can be traced to development partners who come with their conceptions of what is needed while others come from development theorists who have not done any extension work in the field. Unfortunately, there are no strong extension professional associations in many African countries that could: raise the profile of extension as a discipline, interrogate some of the agricultural development interventions before implementation and help clear some of the misconceptions. In the absence of extension platforms, extensionists operate as individuals, each struggling the best way they know how to make a difference at the farmer level. There is no way of harnessing the experiences the individuals are going through for purposes of learning, sharing and developing common positions. The purpose of this paper is to promote debate on, and scrutiny of these extension issues which are often presented as facts and absolute truths. Key words: Extension issues, debatable, agricultural discipline, misconceptions, professionals, smallholder farmers

Influences of Farmland Transfer Transaction Costs on Contract Choices from the Perspective of Differential Order Governance: Based on a Survey of Farmers in Henan Province

Under the heterogeneous situation of heterogeneity of farmland circulation entities, transaction costs are the key factors to optimize the selection of circulation contracts, and reducing transaction costs is an important realization path to promote farmland circulation in a reasonable and orderly manner and accelerate the process of agricultural modernization. Based on the survey data of 814 farming households in Henan Province, this study explores the transaction costs on contract selection based on the differential order governance. The results show that (a) in the transfer of farmland, farmers’ choice of contracts is restricted by their degree of association with the transaction entity, which is the result of differential order governance. (b) The influence of differential order governance on the selection of transfer contracts is constrained by the governance context. Farmers tend to choose formal written contracts in the context of weak ties governance but choose verbal or informal contracts under strong relationship governance. (c) The impact of transaction costs on the selection of farmland transfer contracts is constrained by the three-stage scenarios as before, during, and after the transaction. In different transaction stages, the higher the transaction costs are, the more likely farmers are to choose a formal written contract. The findings show the importance of the rules of human relations in the society of acquaintances in saving transaction costs. The importance of the formal system and informal institutions, such as trust and reputation, and avoiding one-size-fits-all suggestions should be involved in the formulation and implementation of farmland transfer policies.

Innovation Analysis of Scene Fusion-driven Live Marketing for Agricultural Products

With the development of the economy and society, the process of agricultural modernization in our country is constantly advancing, and agricultural product consumption also presents the momentum of rapid development. In recent years, the live-streaming e-commerce industry has developed rapidly, becoming an important driving force for economic recovery. As a new marketing method, live streaming e-commerce can not only play a positive role in promoting the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture but also provide an important driving force for the development of the rural economy, live streaming to help agriculture will also become a new trend of live streaming of e-commerce. This paper selects the case of "East Buy" as the research object, based on the relevant theories of scene marketing, discusses the innovation points of agricultural products live broadcast service scene and puts forward feasible marketing strategies for the sustainable development of online live broadcast with goods.

Study on Accelerating the Development of Agricultural Modernization by Fiscal Policies in the Context of "14th Five-Year Plan"

This paper analyzes the background of the study of agricultural modernization in Sichuan Province from the aspects of national policy background, and conducts research on agricultural modernization in Sichuan Province from the connotation and characteristics of agricultural modernization, analysis of the current situation, analysis of the influencing factors, and the choice of path. Through the study, in order to hope can provide help to promote the process of agricultural modernization in Sichuan Province. Under the background of the national vigorously promote the modernization of agriculture, in-depth study of the background and path selection of agricultural modernization in Sichuan Province, for improving the efficiency of agricultural production and the quality of agricultural products in Sichuan Province, to protect the national food security and to further promote the perfect solution of the three rural issues and economic development has its practical significance.

Can financial agglomeration curb carbon emissions reduction from agricultural sector in China? Analyzing the role of industrial structure and digital finance

As China enters the process of agricultural modernization, the problem of carbon emissions from agricultural sectors has become increasingly prominent, and the government and academia urgently need to take action. In this context, this study extends the literature through a new perspective of China's financial agglomeration construction that examines the actual role of financial agglomeration on agricultural carbon emissions reduction by using two-way fixed effect model and threshold effect model based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019. Data statistics show that China has formed a multi-center development pattern with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao as highly financial agglomeration under the influence of different locations, factor endowments and development foundations. Further empirical model estimates reveal the following main findings. Firstly, the effects of financial agglomeration on total agricultural carbon intensity (TACI), agricultural greenhouse gas carbon intensity (AGCI), agricultural energy carbon emission intensity (AECI), and agricultural input factors carbon intensity (ASCI) show an inverted U-shaped curve that from irritating to inhibiting. That is, financial agglomeration is conducive to slowing down agricultural carbon emissions. Secondly, financial agglomeration has a significant inhibitory effect on TACI, AGCI, AECI and ASCI in Beijing and Shanghai. Thirdly, when the industrial structure is more reasonable or the digital finance is more developed, the effect of financial agglomeration on reducing agricultural carbon emissions is stronger. Based on the current research results, promoting the construction of financial agglomeration is an effective way to promote agricultural carbon emissions reduction, and it is suggested that the government design effective systems and policies to slow down the carbon emissions in the agricultural sector.

Analysis of Measurement, Regional Differences, Convergence and Dynamic Evolutionary Trends of the Green Production Level in Chinese Agriculture

The development of green agriculture is conducive to accelerating the agricultural modernization process, making a significance for the sustainable development of agriculture and the environment in China. This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation model by selecting 17 representative indicators from the perspective of sustainability. Then, this paper uses the entropy value method to measure the level of green agricultural production in 31 provinces from 2011 to 2021. We use Dagum’s Gini coefficient and decomposition method, the kernel density estimation method and spatial Markov chain analysis method to explore the main sources of spatial differences and dynamic evolution trends. The results show that: (1) The overall level of green production in Chinese agriculture is low, and the level in the central region is higher than that in eastern and western regions; (2) There are significant regional differences in the level of green production in China’s agriculture, and this is likely to widen. The interaction of inter- and intra-regional differences is the main reason for overall differences; (3) The trend of polarization in the level of green agricultural production is more obvious in the eastern part of China, while it is weaker in central and western regions; (4) There is a spatial spillover effect in the dynamic evolution of China’s agricultural green production level. And the longer the overall time, the more obvious the spillover effect is. This paper analyzes the past development of green agriculture in China, makes predictions and provides constructive suggestions for the improvement and development of green agricultural production in China in the future.

What causes green efficiency losses in Chinese agriculture? A perspective based on input redundancy

Incompatibility between agricultural production inputs and the resource environment leads to efficiency losses and has an impeding effect on sustainable agricultural development. However, efficiency loss in agriculture is a blind spot in current research. To explore the green development performance and efficiency losses in China's agricultural modernization process, this paper measures the green efficiency of China's agriculture from static and dynamic perspectives. An in-depth analysis of efficiency losses in the efficiency measurement process was conducted. It was found that the overall agricultural green efficiency (AGE) of China showed a continuous upward trend from 2006 to 2019 and the average growth rate is 4.1 %. The utilization efficiency of agricultural inputs in China increased significantly, but the regional variations in the redundancy of agricultural inputs widened. Both agricultural modernization and environmental regulations are associated negatively with labor redundancy, and environmental regulations are associated negatively with fertilizer and machinery redundancy. The effective substitution of labor production factors by agricultural modernization can reduce labor redundancy and release a large amount of rural labor engaged in primary agricultural production, and environmental regulations effectively inhibit the waste of fertilizer, labor, and machinery inputs.

Razvitie i mery po zashchite tradicionnogo sel'skogo turizma Kitaya s pozicii antropologii

Traditional villages have the functions of historical and cultural inheritance, but also have important value in promoting the process of agricultural modernization and the construction of ecological civilization. With the rise of rural tourism, more and more traditional villages are known to people. This article attempts to explore and study the development and protection of traditional village tourism from the perspective of human culture.

Impact of agricultural modernization on agricultural carbon emissions in China: a study based on the spatial spillover effect.

Taking the data of 30 provinces (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions and Tibet) at the provincial level from 2010 to 2019 as the research object, this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of China's agricultural modernization and response to carbon emissions. Agricultural modernization is decomposed into production modernization, management modernization, and ecological modernization. This study uses the spatial Dobbin model to demonstrate the impact of agricultural modernization on carbon emissions and analyzes the impact of agricultural modernization on carbon emissions in the East. The direct effect and spatial spillover effect of the three western regions are to different degrees. The results show that agricultural carbon emissions are spatially dependent. The development of agricultural modernization and transportation of neighboring provinces and cities will have an impact on agricultural carbon emissions in this region. Therefore, under the background of rural revitalization and low-carbon agriculture, this paper further analyzes the impact of agricultural modernization on the spatial distribution of carbon emissions in the eastern, central, and western regions. Recommendations are proposed with a view to giving better play to the process of agricultural modernization.

THE STRUCTURE AND PROFITABILITY OF WHOLESALE MARKETING OF COCOYAM IN SOUTHEAST, NIGERIA

Wholesale marketing plays an important role in improving agricultural marketing efficiency, developing rural economy and promoting the process of agricultural modernization. To this extent, wholesaling tries to close the gap in supply chain between surplus (production site) and deficit areas (urban areas). Using cocoyam wholesale marketing, the study tends to examine how structure and profitability of the market contribute to the product availability, price formation and rural economic growth. The study employed multistage, purposive and random sampling techniques to generate relevant data using a structured questionnaire administered to 216 cocoyam wholesale marketers in eighteen markets in three states of the southeast (Anambra, Enugu and Imo). Herfindahl Index (HI) and Gini Coefficient (GC) were used to determine the market concentration or nature of competition in the market i.e. market structure; descriptive statistics was used to determine market conduct and enterprise budgeting analysis was used to analyse the profitability . Gini Coefficient value of 0.5642 indicated an oligopolistic market structure, implying that greater portion of market revenue is concentrated in the hands of few wholesale marketers and HHI with the value of 0.14, implied a low degree of inequality among the wholesale marketers. Findings on the market conduct revealed that prices of cocoyam in the market were mostly fixed based on bargaining power of the marketers (61.1%). The variance in the selling price among the marketers also suggested that the marketers have some level of control over the price of their products though associations influence the price determination in some areas. Net return on investment indicated that wholesale cocoyam marketing returned 35 kobo for every ?1.00 invested which is an indication of a profitable business venture.

Citrus Specialization or Crop Diversification: The Role of Smallholder’s Subjective Risk Aversion and Case Evidence from Guangxi, China

Specialization may lead to higher income for small-scale farmers but comes with increased risks, while diversification can mitigate risks and foster agricultural sustainability. Considering the influences of complex risks and farmers’ subjective risk aversion, the decision for small-scale farmers to specialize in citrus cultivation or diversify with multiple crops remains uncertain. There is currently limited understanding of this issue among citrus smallholders in rural China. This study aims to fill this empirical gap by examining the impact of smallholder farmers’ subjective risk aversion on their choice between citrus monoculture and crop diversification. It utilizes a subjective risk assessment approach that incorporates farmers’ risk perceptions and risk attitudes towards citrus farming. Farm crop diversification is assessed through the utilization of both the count index and Shannon index. The empirical analysis employs survey data obtained from citrus growers in Guangxi, China, and applies an instrumental variable regression method with endogeneity consideration using the IV-Probit model and 2SLS model estimation. The results reveal that both risk perceptions and risk attitudes play important roles in citrus smallholders’ land allocation decisions. Specifically, citrus farmers who perceive higher risks and adopt risk-averse attitudes are statistically more inclined to engage in land use diversification practices, including the practice of growing citrus as well as other crops, which contributes to reducing the risks of citrus farming and promoting local environmental conservation. These results contribute to a better scholarly comprehension of the relationship between risk perceptions, risk attitudes, and crop diversification among small-scale citrus farmers. They provide valuable insights for enhancing the sustainability of land use systems with citrus farming while also emphasizing the importance of maintaining essential diversification in small-scale farming throughout the process of agricultural modernization.

The Influence of Agricultural Production Mechanization on Grain Production Capacity and Efficiency

As an important production factor of grain production, agricultural machinery can effectively provide a theoretical basis for agricultural modernization development strategies by exploring its impact on grain production capacity and efficiency. This research starts from the two aspects of grain production capacity and grain production efficiency, takes rice, wheat, and corn as the research objects, and uses the C–D production function and Tobit model as the basis, respectively, to establish two impact models of production capacity and production efficiency. At the same time, according to the different emphases of the two models, this research designs different variable systems and finally uses the data from 2017 to 2021 for empirical analysis. The research results show that the influence coefficients of machinery service income and machinery power resource input on the total grain production capacity are 0.0976 and 0.0437, respectively, with a significant positive impact. At the same time, for rice crops, wheat crops, and corn crops, the amount of mechanization cost per mu has a significant positive impact on the yield capacity of crops, with impact coefficients of 0.0311, 0.0827, and 0.0233, respectively. The supply level of agricultural machinery services and the utilization rate of agricultural machinery services per mu have a significant positive impact on grain production efficiency. The impact coefficients of the supply level of agricultural machinery services per mu are 0.0192, 0.0587, and 0.0241, respectively. The impact coefficients of the agricultural machinery service utilization rate are 0.0059, 0.0148, and 0.0607, respectively, with a significant positive impact. It can be seen that agricultural production mechanization can effectively promote the improvement in grain production capacity and efficiency and promote the process of agricultural modernization. At present, most of the research on industrial mechanization services is biased toward the choice of agricultural mechanization services by farmers. However, this research has carried out the impact mechanism analysis from the perspective of time and space and the perspective of crops, rationalizing the impact mechanism of agricultural production capacity and agricultural production efficiency under agricultural mechanization.

Agricultural Modernization and Rural Development: Reference to Traditional Agriculture Transformation in Nepal

This study has aimed to analyze the process of agricultural modernization and rural development in Nepal that focused on the issue, the contribution of agricultural growth and rural development in the case of agriculture modernization. It is qualitative in nature based on secondary literatures such as theory of agriculture modernization and some relevant literatures of Nepalese economy were reviewed to analyze the level of agriculture modernization of Nepal; agriculture has significantly contributed in its national economy as one of the dominant sectors; the sector found not being transformed even the numbers of policy measures implementing for its modernization. Still the most of the Nepalese people depends upon traditional agriculture sector as their major source of income, struggling in a adverse situation in this sector both in economic growth and farm productivity. In the context of agriculture modernization, the country has brought various policy measures and programs before and after establishing democracy in 1990.Various policies and programs aimed, Nepal would go through the process of agricultural transformation even though, and the result found to be remained the same. It is happening because of the policy gap in the process of formulation and implementation; still most of the Nepali farmers are engaged in the traditional agriculture that is subsistence. There is also found the situation of high ratio of unemployment, underemployment, seasonal unemployment and disguised unemployment in the country. Thus, the country Nepal has probably found to be failing in the process of agriculture modernization and the ratio of economic growth contribution in the gross national economy has gradually been decreasing instead of being radical increase from a decade 2011 to 2021.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KELAYAKAN INDUSTRI KERIPIK SUKUN PADA RUMAH INDUSTRI CITRA LESTARI PRODUCTION DI KOTA PALU

In Palu City, quite a number of industries use breadfruit as the main raw material in their 
 production. Based on the research results, the Citra Lestari Production Industry is one of the industries 
 in Palu City that produces breadfruit chips in several industries in Palu City. Agro-industry is an effort 
 to increase the efficiency of the agricultural sector to become a very productive activity through the 
 process of agricultural modernization. This study aims to, analyze the amount of costs, revenues, and 
 income at the Citra Lestari Production Industrial house in running the breadfruit chips business. 
 Knowing the feasibility of home breadfruit chips Industry Citra Lestari Production. This research will 
 be conducted at the Citra Lestari Production Industry house in Palu City, having its address at Jl. 
 Kimaja No. 9 Sub-district of West Besusu, East Palu District. The location was determined 
 purposively with the consideration that the Citra Lestari Production industrial house is a chipprocessing industry in the city of Palu. This research was conducted in August-September 2019. 
 Respondents in this study were leaders and workers of the Citra Lestari Production Industry. 
 Respondents were determined purposively, with the consideration that company leaders know the ins 
 and outs of the company, such as the company's history, production capacity, financial condition, and 
 so on. Thus the number of respondents consists of 1 leader and 1 worker. The data used in this study 
 came from primary data and secondary data. Primary data collection was carried out by means of 
 observation and direct interviews with the leadership and home workers of the Citra Lestari 
 Production Industry house using a questionnaire, and secondary data was obtained from various 
 literatures and several related agencies that could support this research activity. Based on the results 
 of the research and discussion that has been described, it can be concluded as follows. The results 
 showed that the production of breadfruit chips was 3,000 packs/150 grams at a price of 
 Rp.13,000/package, so that the total revenue to the Citra Lestari Production industry was 
 Rp.30,000,000/month. It is known that the fixed costs are Rp.9,408,082/month, while the total variable costs 
 incurred is Rp.4,299,500/month. So the total costs incurred by the Citra Lestari Production Industry 
 Rp.13,707,582/month with an income of Rp.30,000,000 minus the total cost of Rp.13,707,582 is 
 Rp.25,292,418/month. The comparison of the total amount of revenue with the total cost is known to 
 be Rp.39,000,000, while the total cost incurred by the Citra Lestari Production Industry house is 
 Rp.13,707,582, thus the R/C value of the Citra Lestari Production Industry house is 2.84.

Modified Biochar as a More Promising Amendment Agent for Remediation of Pesticide-Contaminated Soils: Modification Methods, Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Perspectives

With the acceleration of the process of agricultural modernization, many pesticides (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides) are applied to the field and finally brought into the soils, causing serious damage to the environment. The problem of pesticide pollution has become increasingly prominent. This has highlighted the urgent need for effective and efficient remediation treatment technology for pesticide-contaminated soils. Biochar has a high specific surface area, high porosity, and strong adsorption capacity, making it a soil amendment agent and carbon fixation agent that can improve soil health and enhance adsorption capacity for pesticides to remediate contaminated soils. Recently, efforts have been made to enhance the physicochemical and adsorption properties of biochar by preparing modified biochar, and it has been developed to expand the application of biochar. Specifically, the following aspects were reviewed and discussed: (i) source and modification methods of biochar for pesticide remediation; (ii) the effect of biochar on the environmental fate of remediating pesticides; (iii) the effect of biochar on pesticide-contaminated soils; and (iv) potential problems for the large-scale promotion and application of biochar remediation of pesticides. In conclusion, this review may serve as a reference and guide for pesticide remediation, hence reducing the environmental concerns associated with pesticides in soil.

Effects of Farmland Landscape Fragmentation on Agricultural Irrigation in Hotan Oasis

Farmland landscape fragmentation is an important problem affecting the agricultural modernization process in China. However, farmland landscape fragmentation leads to land being wasted and increases management costs, particularly in the dryland’s oasis regions. Therefore, investigating the impact of farmland landscape fragmentation on agricultural irrigation is of great significance in developing oasis agriculture. This paper used the landscape quantitative index (DIVISION), the moving window method, and gradient analysis methods to study the temporal and spatial pattern changes in farmland fragmentation in the Hotan Oasis. Additionally, the impact of fragmentation on irrigation in the oasis was elaborated upon by exploring the relationship between evapotranspiration and its components in farmland fragmentation. The results showed that the farmland area of the Hotan Oasis increased from 1546.19 km2 in 2000 to 2068.23 km2 in 2020, and farmland landscape fragmentation increased with the expansion of the Hotan Oasis. In addition, a significant relationship between farmland fragmentation and evapotranspiration and its components was evident. A lower DIVISION value corresponded to a higher ET value, a lower ETs/ETc ratio, and a higher water use efficiency. When the total farmland area is assumed to remain unchanged, the irrigation water consumption is reduced by 4.82 × 108 m3 according to the size and proportion of arable land with the lowest degree of fragmentation (L1, division value of 0.46). In addition, with the increase in the proportion of farmland, the scale of oasis decreases by 2431.56 km2 for the reduction in field roads, shelterbelt, and bare land. These findings suggest that solving the problem of farmland fragmentation can effectively reduce irrigation water consumption, realize the internal expansion of the oasis through intensive land use, and relieve the pressure of the external expansion of the oasis.

The Impact of High-Standard Farmland Construction Policy on Rural Poverty in China

As the core component of agricultural development projects, high-standard farmland construction is a reliable measure of agricultural production, and can be used to improve the economy in rural areas. Based on provincial panel data, this paper adopts the continuous difference-in-differences (DID) method to analyze the impact of China’s high-standard basic farmland construction policy on the incidence of rural poverty and its mechanisms. The results show that this policy can significantly reduce the incidence of rural poverty by 7.4%, and if, after using robust standard error and bootstrap sampling 1000 times for a robustness test, the regression results are still robust, this also shows that this inhibitory effect is stable and persistent. It can be seen from a heterogeneity analysis that the implementation of the policy has a more significant effect on poverty reduction in areas with a higher incidence of rural poverty and a larger scale of land remediation, as well as areas in the eastern and western regions. A mechanism analysis shows that natural disasters, output value and technological progress play a partial intermediary role in the poverty reduction effects of high-standard basic farmland construction policy, and the intermediary effects are 5.79%, 44.03%, and 14.13%, respectively. This paper suggests that we should continue to promote the construction of high-standard basic farmland, explore suitable construction modes of high-standard basic farmland for different regions, continuously promote the process of agricultural modernization, and broaden the ways through which rural residents are able to accumulate capital to promote rural poverty reduction and revitalization.