Operation Process Research Articles

Idea generation in exploitative and explorative business process redesign techniques

AbstractBusiness process redesign has received considerable attention in research and practice. An important task contributing to redesign is idea generation. It has been argued that the choice of technique influences redesign outcomes, but empirical evidence is largely missing. In this paper, we examine the role of idea generation in business process redesign by comparing two different kinds of techniques: exploitative and explorative redesign techniques. Often, exploitative techniques are expected to yield more appropriate solutions, while explorative techniques are associated with more creative outcomes. To investigate such propositions, we consider the Best Practices of Process Redesign as an example of an exploitative redesign technique and the Business Process Design Space as an explorative redesign technique. We conducted a free-simulation experiment to study the empirical impact of the choice of redesign techniques on outcomes. We find that the Business Process Design Space leads to a higher number of redesign ideas, which are also more diverse. These are more creative and novel than ideas produced by the Best Practices of Process Redesign. Against expectation, the best practices as an exploitative approach do not produce more appropriate nor impactful ideas in our task design. Since both approaches cover different areas of improvement, a key implication of our work is that they should not be seen as isolated approaches to redesign; rather, they should be purposefully combined to not only create novel but also operational business process redesigns.

Assessment of altitude effects based on the consumption behavior of a piston-prop engine by entropy approach

PurposeThe altitude and weather conditions affect directly fuel consumption and engine efficiency of the aircraft engines. The thermo-physical properties of the weather of altitude play a significant role in this process. Unfortunately, engine performance based on altitude conditions also causes waste heat and environmental pollution due to engine entropy generation. However, environmental impact assessment is needed to improve environmental sustainability. This study aimed to analyse the energy and environmental performance of a piston engine based on altitude conditions.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the entropy approach, and it aims to assess the environmental impact of the engine. Exergy analysis with together two new indices to evaluate the environmental effects caused by the engine under altitude conditions was used.FindingsThe analysis reveals that the exergy efficiency of the piston engine is 23.9% on average for the three referenced altitudes, while the exergy efficiency difference between altitude boundary conditions is 11%. In addition, the entropy production of the engine is on average 10.55 kW/K. In this case, the environmental pollution potential resulting from the entropy production of the engine is on average 3.29 times higher due to reversible conditions, while the improvement rate was found to be 58%.Originality/valueThis analysis shows that engine efficiency increases as altitude increases. Similarly, it can also be said that the environmental impacts are reduced and the improvement of the engine has opportunities for operational processes. Besides, in the study, some suggestions for motor performance impact analysis were presented.

Digital twin technology training and research in health higher education: a review

Healthcare strives to ensure overall physical, mental, and emotional well-being for individuals while managing limited resources efficiently. Digital technologies can offer cost reduction, improved user experience, and expanded capacity. In addition, modern automation technologies, which were implemented in industrial control systems or industrial automation control systems, are essential for ensuring the availability of societies’ critical cyber-physical systems (CPSs) and the services they provide, such as healthcare. This narrative literature review produces information that can be applied when planning and implementing an interdisciplinary biomedical and health informatics (BMHI) master’s education focused on the challenges of digitalization in the health sector. The review results that virtual human twins (VHTs) are revolutionizing healthcare by addressing people’s complex medical problems with real-time monitoring and precision care while digital twin (DT) technology can make the hospital’s operational processes resilient and efficient. Thus, future BMHI education must address these technologies with a multidisciplinary approach, including computer science, information science, engineering, basic sciences, health sciences, socio-behavioral sciences, and ethical, legal, and policy aspects. Collected and cumulative data is essential for cognitive DTs. A prerequisite for this data is information sharing between different CPSs. Better information sharing and the development of scalable cognitive DTs and VHTs, the provision of critical services, quality, and cost-effectiveness, as well as health, safety, and resilience, will improve. Similarities between peoples’ health information exchange and information needed for ensuring the resilience of CPSs exist. Since humans are in many ways more complex than CPSs, security engineers have a lot to learn from VHTs in maintaining the resilience of CPSs. Cross-sectoral research and cooperation with different disciplines are essential for the progress of both human health and the resilience of CPSs. Along with interdisciplinary research cooperation, educational cooperation should also be intensified.

Formation And Implementation Of Digital Transformation The Companies: A Conceptual Aspect

The concept of formation and implementation of digital transformation for the development of the company is considered. The article analyzes the digital transformation of a company as a process by which digital technologies are introduced into the digital economy and business to achieve fundamental changes. It has been found that the digital transformation of a company during its formation leads to changes in three areas: customer service quality, operational processes, and business models. At the same time, the digital transformation process requires coordination across the organization and involves a change in business culture. The author outlines approaches to the company’s work that can improve the quality of customer service, stimulate employee innovation, and drive the company’s growth at a fundamental level. At the same time, the most important task of the company’s CEO is to stimulate digital transformation at all levels of the company: in processes and procedures; organizational structures; development of digital marketing and sales; offering digital services and digital business models, etc. The need to support an innovative culture that focuses on what new digital technologies should be introduced and how best to integrate them into everyday life is emphasized. At the same time, the software will help companies implement digital innovation strategies. The following stages are recommended for implementing digital transformation in a company: business transformation; developing own strategy and organizational changes; breaking down barriers to change; developing own partner ecosystem; using a flexible approach; and financing. It is determined that digital technologies, as the basis of digital business, have been integrated with business and have become more than just hardware or software. As digital technologies become more pervasive and companies move further along the path of digital transformation, digital strategy and business strategy will converge. All of this requires a change in the company’s business culture. It is proposed that in the formation and implementation of digital transformation, the possibility of integration into the European Statistical System (ESS) should be considered as a means of increasing the visibility of digital transformation.

Preliminary study of a new magnetic compression technique for circumcision in dogs: An experimental animal model

IntroductionTraditional/ritual/medical circumcision can be associated with considerable intraoperative blood loss and a prolonged postoperative healing course. This study investigated the feasibility of the magnetic compression technique (MCT) for circumcision in beagle dogs. MethodsA set of magnetic rings including a daughter magnetic ring (DMR) and a parent magnetic ring (PMR) were designed for circumcision. In eight beagle dogs as the animal model, the DMR was placed between the penis and the foreskin through the glans, and then the PMR was placed outside the penis. The DMR and PMR automatically attracted together to compress the foreskin. The necrosis of the prepuce of the anterior penis was observed daily. The operation time and time to magnetic ring shedding were recorded. Healing of the foreskin stump was visually observed. ResultsThe magnetic rings were successfully installed in all eight dogs, and the operation process was without complication. The average operation time was 3.13 ± 0.92 min (range, 2–4.5 min). Postoperative X-rays showed good attraction of the magnetic rings. Daily post-operative observation showed progressive ischemic necrosis of the anterior foreskin and mild edema of the proximal foreskin. The dogs were generally in good condition and urinated freely. The magnetic rings fell off spontaneously 8–12 days after the operation, and the stump of the foreskin healed well. ConclusionThe MCT may be a new approach for circumcision in a canine model, which suggests its potential for use in humans.

Carbon nanotube thin film pn junction diode with high-temperature tolerance using chemical dopants

Abstract Chemical doping of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by adsorption with high-temperature-tolerant molecules is required for the fabrication of various types of electronic devices for their performance maintenance under harsh thermal conditions during the fabrication and operation processes. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of CNT thin film pn junction diodes using a combination of 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile as a p-dopant and a complex salt of potassium hydroxide and benzo-18-crown-6 ether as an n-dopant. The fabricated devices demonstrated a reasonably stable rectifying behavior, even after heating to 200 °C for 300 min.

Wave refrigeration control via deep reinforcement learning

Abstract Wave refrigerating technology is a new type of refrigerating technology that performs more efficiently and is more environmentally friendly. Nowadays, the commonly used control method is the PID control method. However, although the above control methods are simple in structure, they have the problems of difficult parameter tuning, large overshoot, and unstable and inaccurate output response. Therefore, to improve the above problems, we propose a framework of deep reinforcement learning-based wave refrigerating control system. An improved SAC algorithm is used to learn the control system. The evaluation method is established according to the working condition requirements as well as the safety requirements in the operation process. Experiments show that this method can effectively improve the control efficiency as well as the control quality, which can make the control system operate stably.

Additional damping control for multi-terminal AC-DC hybrid system based on reachability analysis

Abstract The application proportion of multi-terminal AC-DC hybrid power distribution systems is constantly increasing. In order to describe the operation status and trajectory of the system and judge whether the system can maintain stable and safe operation, in this paper, the differential algebraic equation is firstly established by mathematical and physical methods for a typical multi-terminal AC-DC hybrid power distribution system. Then, the reachable set in the operation process is analyzed according to the reachability analysis calculation method to judge the stable operation status. An additional damping control method is proposed, which can effectively restrain the negative impedance characteristics of the DC micro-grid and improve the operation stability of the system. Finally, the improvement performance of the control method is verified by combining the reachability analysis results.

Precision and Robust Models on Healthcare Institution Federated Learning for Predicting HCC on Portal Venous CT Images.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, poses significant challenges in detection and diagnosis. Medical imaging, especially computed tomography (CT), is pivotal in non-invasively identifying this disease, requiring substantial expertise for interpretation. This research introduces an innovative strategy that integrates two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) deep learning models within a federated learning (FL) framework for precise segmentation of liver and tumor regions in medical images. The study utilized 131 CT scans from the Liver Tumor Segmentation (LiTS) challenge and demonstrated the superior efficiency and accuracy of the proposed Hybrid-ResUNet model with a Dice score of 0.9433 and an AUC of 0.9965 compared to ResNet and EfficientNet models. This FL approach is beneficial for conducting large-scale clinical trials while safeguarding patient privacy across healthcare settings. It facilitates active engagement in problem-solving, data collection, model development, and refinement. The study also addresses data imbalances in the FL context, showing resilience and highlighting local models' robust performance. Future research will concentrate on refining federated learning algorithms and their incorporation into the continuous implementation and deployment (CI/CD) processes in AI system operations, emphasizing the dynamic involvement of clients. We recommend a collaborative human-AI endeavor to enhance feature extraction and knowledge transfer. These improvements are intended to boost equitable and efficient data collaboration across various sectors in practical scenarios, offering a crucial guide for forthcoming research in medical AI.

Nursing Experience Applying Transition Theory to Assist the Family of an Infant With Complex Congenital Gastroschisis

This article describes the application of transition theory to assist a family with an infant with congenital complex gastroschisis. The nursing period, from March 3, 2023 to May 9, 2023, encompassed care from hospitalization to discharge. The author employed transition theory as a guide and used physical assessments, observations, and interviews for data collection as well as behavioral processes records. The primary nursing problem was identified as "preparation for family operation process enhancement/child's congenital disease and complex care needs, and the family's response to the challenges of the disease and care adaptation." The three phases of nursing care were summarized as: (1) the family adjustment to uncertainty, (2) undertaking caregiving roles and responsibilities, and (3) role development and family reconnection. The author established specific goals for each phase and provided corresponding interventions for the family. In the first phase, the author guided the family in expressing their concerns, and offered personalized health education information as well as psychological support to help them understand the progression of their child's disease and alleviate related anxiety and confusion. In the second phase, the author offered sleep guidance and customized home care schedules to support coping skill development and role functioning. In the third phase, the family was encouraged to explore the meaning of life while accompanying their child's growth in order to achieve spiritual growth and deepen the reconnection within the family. Ultimately, the family strengthened their confidence and capabilities in caregiving and embraced optimism and expectations for the future, enabling them to adapt smoothly to life after their child's return home. When families are confronted with their child's diagnosis with a congenital disease, they often find themselves in a state of self-doubt and faced with continuous challenges. Nurses may employ transition theory throughout the nursing process to better understand and address the evolving needs of both children and their families during the transition phase. Furthermore, transition theory may be applied to help nurses better assess, plan, and care for their patients, which can enhance the capabilities of families and facilitate their successful navigation through the challenging transition journey.

Investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of the entire operation process of the car–counterweight system within the annular flow field of ultra-high-speed elevators

The ultra-high-speed elevator car–counterweight system will experience substantial aerodynamic effects when operating at high speeds in the annular flow field, particularly at the moment of intersection. These effects will have a considerable impact on the stability of the elevator's operation. This study utilized the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the car–counterweight system's entire operation process. The ultra-high-speed elevator three-dimensional transient model is created using dynamic layering mesh technology and then validated through experiments. We investigate the impact of three crucial factors—acceleration, car height, and contact ratio—on the aerodynamic characteristics of the car and the ventilation effect in the hoistway. Specifically, we analyze the instantaneous variations in the aerodynamic force of the car during the intersection process. The results indicate a rapid change in the car's drag and lift at the moment of intersection, with a greater magnitude of change observed in the pressure drag. The acceleration increases gradually, while the drag peak at the intersection time decreases by 1.8%, 3.0%, and 3.6%, respectively. Additionally, the hoistway exhaust volume ratio decreases by 0.9%, 1.5%, and 2.0%. Compared to the drag peak, the lift peak is more responsive to variations in car height. The contact ratio exhibits a sequential increase, but the lift peak demonstrates an uneven upward pattern with increments of 3.07%, 10.35%, and 16.88%. This study greatly enhances the investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of ultra-high-speed elevators and offers a crucial point of reference for optimizing elevator design in engineering.

Concept of operations for increasingly autonomous space operations

Concept of Operations (ConOps) documents provide a common view of future system functions to all stakeholders. This ConOps focuses on deep space missions, such as a mission to Mars. While Earth experts will be continuously monitoring operations during crewed deep-space missions, there will be communication delays and disruptions that will impede the rapid assistance required by the crew in time- and safety-critical situations. An argument will be made that the crew will require (some kind of) assistance to quickly understand the situation enough to safe the system. This document describes a notional vision of the operational processes, practices and capabilities needed by a deep space mission crew for them to autonomously respond to anticipated and unanticipated, time-critical anomalies. A descriptive model of a Crew Performance Support System (CPSS) is used to illustrate what will be required for a safe and successful manned mission to Mars. Scenarios will address crew, Earth-Support and technology roles/responsibilities, task prioritization, teaming strategies, complex procedure development and execution, assumptions, asynchronous collaboration under communication time delay and limited data exchange to illustrate potential operational needs and approaches. Scenarios are responsive to known human risks identified during and after long duration spaceflight and incorporate transition plans as space travel moves from ISS to Lunar to Mars operations specifically identifying test bed and research activity needs. The envisioned CPSS will alter the current operational paradigm of crew reliance on Earth experts to resolve anomalies. The intent of this ConOps is to advance the research and development of a CPSS.

Pengembangan Digitalisasi Inventaris Berbasis Web Untuk Meningkatkan Manajemen Aset Tetap Pada PT ANTAM Tbk UBPE Pongkor

PT Aneka Tambang (ANTAM) Tbk. operates several business units, including the Pongkor Gold Mining Business Unit (UBPE Pongkor). Currently, UBPE Pongkor relies on the SAP (System Application and Products) system and manual reconciliation for fixed asset management. The current system, relying on SAP and manual reconciliation, lacks automated tracking of physical location, asset ownership, and depreciation calculations. To optimize fixed asset management, ANTAM is implementing a QR-Code-based system for asset identification. This research aims to investigate how a digital inventory system can enhance the company's efficiency, accuracy, and operational performance. Specifically, it evaluates the effectiveness of inventory and asset reconciliation activities to ensure data consistency between the system and physical conditions in the field. The research employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. Additionally, it utilizes the Waterfall development methodology. The findings of this research project report indicate that the fixed asset management through digital inventory at PT ANTAM Tbk. UBPE Pongkor operates effectively and aligns with the overall operational process. This includes system planning, system design, implementation, system development, testing, system compatibility testing, and usage and maintenance phases.

The investigation of traditional models and machine learning models in dynamic facial expression recognition

In everyday life, dynamic facial expressions are merely continuous human responses to external events. However, in human-computer interaction, rapidly recognizing changes in facial expressions from video streams is a relatively complex process. This complexity renders Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition (DFER) a critical research task in the domains of computer vision and image processing. This paper analyses the correlations and contrasts between static and dynamic facial expression research, highlighting key issues in the study of dynamic facial expressions, such as dynamic feature extraction and frame extraction. After that, it enumerates significant algorithms in both traditional models and deep learning models, providing an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these two major approaches. At the same time, it investigates the reasons behind the transition of research models for DFER from traditional methods to deep learning approaches. The paper focuses on two notable models from each approach: Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) for processing raw images, Support Vector Machine (SVM) for data classification in traditional models. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for spatial feature extraction and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for temporal feature extraction in deep learning models. These models are discussed in detail concerning their strengths and weaknesses, operational processes, and performance outcomes. In the concluding section, the author summarizes the main factors influencing research in this field and the current challenges encountered. By focusing on future research directions, the paper also presents a review of recent methodologies and offers insightful research directions for further investigation.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Operasional Dilengkapi dengan Penjualan Sparepart pada Bengkel MJM

MJM is a leading workshop in Malang that focuses on car repairs and is known for its reliable reputation and quality service on Jl. Lake Tondano Raya F5/A26, Sawojajar. These workshops offer a variety of services, from engine to car body repairs, which makes manual transactions difficult and time-consuming due to increased service and cost complexity. This research aims to simplify transaction and operational processes in MJM workshops by developing supporting applications that include recording customer transactions, spare parts stock management, monitoring employee attendance, and mechanic payroll. The information technology provided can improve service quality, optimize operations, strengthen competitiveness, enable a sustainable approach, increase data accuracy, and support more timely decisions. The methodology used is waterfall, which follows a certain flow process starting from requirements analysis, planning, design, software development, testing, to the maintenance stage. The research focus is on the initial development of the system to ensure that the system functions well in the maintenance phase. The Operational Management Information System designed for MJM workshops includes important features such as recording spare parts, purchase and sale transactions for spare parts, service and car wash transactions, stock taking records, management of damaged or lost goods, stock cards, cash flow, and reports. transaction. This system is expected to reduce manual errors, provide better service, and improve overall operational performance.

Japan's nuclear water disaster on international law

With the development of human science and technology, the ecological environment is also destroyed. One particularly big source of contamination recently is the release of contaminated water from Japan's nuclear reactors. The nuclear waste generated in the operation of nuclear facilities and reactors is radioactive and inevitably causes environmental pollution. If there are mistakes in the operation process and operation procedures, it will lead to nuclear accidents, cause huge environmental disasters, damage human health and cause difficult to estimate property losses. After the cabinet meeting, the Japanese government announced that it will start to discharge contaminated water from the reactors of the Fukushima nuclear power plant from the 24th. According to this idea, the Fukushima nuclear power plant will continue to discharge contaminated water for at least the next 30 years. According to this incident, many media and experts are judging the consequences of this incident and what to do in the future. So, how should we deal with and view this incident? So the first thing to look at is how this is regulated or violated in international law. In the future, more international solutions and actions will be needed to maintain world peace and health.

INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HOTEL SERVICES: TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS (THE ISRAELI CASE)

The integration of artificial intelligence in hotel services is an important and rapidly developing field. The article "Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Hotel Services: Trends and Developments" explores the current possibilities and trends in utilizing advanced artificial intelligence technologies in the hotel industry. The article discusses the use of smart algorithms for data analysis, the implementation of robots and smart technologies to enhance guest experiences, the utilization of support systems and personalized self-service, and the improvement of management and operational processes in hotels . It presents examples and research from the industry that demonstrate the benefits of leveraging AI and machine learning in hotel services and offers scenarios and tools for successful implementation of this advanced technology in the field. The article provides an in-depth and up-to-date insight into the use of artificial intelligence in the hotel industry and offers ideas and recommendations for experts and businesses in the field to effectively implement this technology in hotel operations.

Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Nagari Syariah Menggunakan Metode RGEC

The purpose of this study was to measure the health level of Bank Nagari Syariah using the RGEC method. The research method used is descriptive quantitative method. The data collection technique used is documentation. The data analysis technique uses ratio analysis contained in the assessment of the bank's health level using the RGEC method. The results showed that the health level of Bank Nagari Syariah in 2017-2022 was in a good rating. In 2017-2018, the Financing to Debt Ratio was in an unhealthy state. But in 2019-2022 the bank has been able to improve its performance. The Net Performing Financing ratio is in a healthy state from year to year. The profitability factor shows that the bank is able to make a profit from its operational activities. Operating Expenses to Operating Income are categorized as healthy. The Good Corporate Governance factor shows that the implementation of the bank's operational structures and processes is in accordance with the regulations set by the OJK. The Capital factor is calculated by the Capital Adequacy Ratio and is in a very healthy state. The health level of Bank Nagari Syariah is in a healthy position.

Helium plasma operations on ASDEX Upgrade and JET in support of the non-nuclear phases of ITER

For its initial operational phase, ITER has until recently considered using non-nuclear hydrogen (H) or helium (He) plasmas to keep nuclear activation at low levels. To this end, the Tokamak Exploitation Task Force of the EUROfusion Consortium carried out dedicated experimental campaigns in He on the ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) and JET tokamaks in 2022, with particular emphasis put on the ELMy H-mode operation and plasma-wall interaction processes as well as comparison to H or deuterium (D) plasmas. Both in pure He and mixed He + H plasmas, H-mode operation could be reached but more effort was needed to obtain a stable plasma scenario than in H or D. Even if the power threshold for the LH transition was lower in He, entering the type-I ELMy regime appeared to require equally much or even more heating power than in H. Suppression of ELMs by resonant magnetic perturbations was studied on AUG but was only possible in plasmas with a He content below 19%; the reason for this unexpected behaviour remains still unclear and various theoretical approaches are being pursued to properly understand the physics behind ELM suppression. The erosion rates of tungsten (W) plasma-facing components were an order of magnitude larger than what has been reported in hydrogenic plasmas, which can be attributed to the prominent role of He2+ ions in the plasma. For the first time, the formation of nanoscale structures (W fuzz) was unambiguously demonstrated in H-mode He plasmas on AUG. However, no direct evidence of fuzz creation on JET was obtained despite the main conditions for its occurrence being met. The reason could be a delicate balance between W erosion by ELMs, competition between the growth and annealing of the fuzz, and coverage of the surface with co-deposits.

Accelerating SIREKAP Digital Transformation in the 2020 Natuna Regency Election

The aim of this research is to analyze the implementation of digital transformation in the use of Sirekap in Pilkada 2020 district of Natuna. This type of research is qualitative, using a single case study research strategy, which involves an individual in one company or office, namely the Natuna Regency KPU office. The research design used is qualitative research. The acceleration of digital transformation is essential in the operational process of acquisition and as a support tool while minimizing risks from the early stages of the elections, the election day, and the post-election period. (post-election). The over-implementation of the Sirekap in the election of the head of the Bupati district and the Deputy Bupati District of Natuna district in 2022 increases transparency and accountability to increase public confidence in the results of the election calculations. The Sirekap application makes the working time of the KPU more effective than manual calculations. The KPU, with the presence of the Sireap application, also makes the information disseminated to the public no less rapidly than the survey agency because the region can monitor the data entered in the place of direct voting. The Sirekap application also has a high level of rigor and minimizes the error rate of voting calculation