Lifestyle Problems Research Articles

Neuro vigilance of Syzygium Cumini plant phytochemicals

According to WHO international and national status, Central Nervous System (CNS) problems (neurological disorders: Alzheimers, dementia, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, neuroinfections, neurological disorders associated with malnutrition, pain associated with neurological disorders, Parkinson’s disease, stroke and traumatic brain injuries) are getting worse day by day because of lifestyle, environmental imbalance and genetic problems. In 2015 WHO reported that the prevalence of CNS problems is 27.8 in 1000 and 3 people in every 100 are facing any of these CNS problems. However, unfortunately, chemically synthesized drugs used to control these problems in patients poses side effects, and therefore we need natural neuroprotective agents to avoid such complications. Syzygium cumini is herbal, a medicinal plant with reported medicinal properties in various traditional and modern medicines. Plant phytochemicals from stem bark, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds of Syzygium cumini were using to treat many diseases in modern medicine also. So far, it is used mostly to treat diabetes mellitus, pain, inflammation, ulcers, and diarrhea, and in the recent studies, it was proven that Syzygium cuminicould be used as chemopreventive, radioprotective and antineoplastic. Although the therapeutic efficacy of SZ is studied well for many systemic diseases including diabetes, much needs to be explored on its role in neurological diseases. The phytochemicals present in different parts of SZ were showing evidence that it can show neuroprotection effectively. Those phytochemicals which were already studied as neuroprotection in them, a fine number of those phytochemicals are present in Syzygium cumini. It is intimating us that Syzygium cumini can be used as an effective neuroprotective natural medicine. In this review, we elaborated there may be a possibility of potentially effective treatment with different phytochemical that has the neuroprotective effect in one plant.

Assessment of diabetic risk among non-diabetic workers of a tertiary care hospital

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterised by high blood sugar levels and is one of the major causes of premature illness and death worldwide. There is an inflation in number of people with diabetes from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014. WHO has projected that DM is going to be 7th leading cause of death in 2030. 80% of diabetics live in low and middle income countries thereby increasing burden on their economy. Among the working population due to stress and lifestyle problems the toll is climbing in terms of morbidity, mortality and costs of society.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital. Sample size was 200 with class 1 and class 2 workers 100 each. Data was collected using pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire after taking informed consent (IDRS). Data entered in Epidata v3.1 and analyzed using IBM SPSS v20.Results: Of the 200, majority 71% belonged to 36-49 years age group. Majority 67% were males and 73% had normal BMI. A high IDRS profile was found among 18.5% of study participants. Majority 68% had moderate risk profile in relation to IDRS.Conclusions: High risk score was found in 18.5% of study subjects and moderate risk score in 68% of study subjects who were non diabetic. This is the scenario among the class I and class II staff in health care industry. Intervention needed to prevent development of diabetes among the nondiabetic working population.

Od jabłka do „chińczyka”. Praktyki żywieniowe bohaterek prawniczych seriali stacji TVN

In this article I try to analyze the dietary habits of the female protagonists of TVN legal TV series Magda M. and Agata’s Law. Although there’s been only a five year gap between original broadcasts of Magda M. and Agata's Law and action of both takes place in Warsaw lawyers environment, their lifestyle, food styles and upper-middle class problems are presented in a completely different way. Those TV series start a reflection on whether the protagonists of the series are paying attention to what they eat and whether food can be a determinant of social relationships. Analyzing the jungle of conflicting signals about diets, the growing trends for cooking and healthy nutrition, I ask the question about choices of independent and self-sufficient female protagonists of drama series, whose creators recognize that pro-health attitudes should be promoted among viewers.

“Save the Men!”

In 1968, the Soviet economist and demographer Boris Urlanis started a national conversation in the Soviet Union with his article “Beregite muzhchin!” or “Save the Men!” in the popular journal Literaturnaia gazeta. The essay, translated here, points out the increasingly troubling imbalance in male and female health as men were dying, on average, eight years earlier than women. Urlanis calls for attention to accidents and lifestyle problems (smoking and drinking, as featured in propaganda posters) as well as a nationwide set of health institutions centered on male health. The essay precipitated a flood of essays, letters, commentaries, cartoons, and even a movie under the same title.

Изучение табакозависимости среди школьников 13–14 лет на базе МБОУ «СШ №19» г. Нижневартовска

With the increasing number of smokers and smoking-related diseases, especially among adolescents, the forms and methods of effective prevention of smoking are becoming particularly relevant. The problem of health and healthy lifestyle of the younger generation is the need for a comprehensive approach to the study and search for new means and measures that form the setting for a healthy lifestyle of a teenager, as in adolescence, impaired health is reversible and amenable to correction. tobacco smoking, addiction, healthy lifestyle.

DEFINITION ANALYSIS OF THE NOTION «HEALTHY LIFESTYLE»

In the article the urgency of healthy lifestyle problem related to the state policy aimed at improving the health of Ukrainian youth that is implemented in the system of education and requires the solution of particular theoretical aspects has been grounded. The aim of the article is to perform definition analysis of the notion «healthy lifestyle». Analysis and systematization of scientific literature, comparative analysis and definition analysis of the «healthy lifestyle» notion were chosen as the leading methods. The logic of definition analysis of «healthy lifestyle» notion has been revealed. The aspects that are basic in the process of analytical research are presented, specifically: 1) defining health as a complex of somatic health that constitutes the biological program of individual development; physical health; mental health; spiritual health as a complex of characteristics of value and motivational sphere of vital activity that is based on the system of values, aims and motives of the behavior of the individual in society; 2) the necessity to define healthy lifestyle, taking into consideration all the factors affecting it and determine its development. The definitions of the concept of «healthy lifestyle» are presented in accordance with the leading directions of its research, namely, such as: social phenomenon; integral outlook; leading social value; value setting, personality orientation to the organization of healthy vital activity; an integral mean of people`s life, aimed at harmonious unity of physiological, mental and labor functions; activity, activity of the individual himself that provide the relative unity and consistency of several levels of human life: social, psychological and physical; active work of people aimed at preserving and improving health; absence of harmful habits in human life. Significant features of the «healthy lifestyle» notion are highlighted, which are: the type and way of activity; a form of material and spiritual life; an expression of conscious activity of the individual in the implementation of biological and social functions, achieving longevity; human vital activity for health promotion, prevention of harmful habits.

Medication and physical activity and physical fitness in severe mental illness

Anti-psychotic medication has emerged as the primary medical treatment for people with severe mental illness, despite the great risks involved in the use of this medication. In addition, this population suffers from problems of obesity, sedentary lifestyle and poor physical fitness, which is aggravated by the use of this type of medication. The objective of this study is to explore the influence of the most commonly used antipsychotics in this population (Olanzapine and Risperidone) on physical activity and the physical fitness of people with severe mental illness. Sixty-two people between 26 and 61 years of age with severe mental illness were assessed. All participants were evaluated with a battery of 11 physical tests to assess their physical fitness and with the IPAQ-short version questionnaire to determine their level of physical activity. The doses of Risperidone and Olanzapine were also evaluated in all participants. Significant differences were found for physical activity, with higher levels reported in those patients with severe mental illness who did not take any of these medications. Regarding physical fitness, significant differences were only found for the consumption of Risperidone, with better physical fitness levels seen in patients who did not consume this medication; on the other hand, for the consumption of Olanzapine, differences were found in muscular strength, balance and aerobic condition with better values in non-Olanzapine consumers compared with Olanzapine consumers.

Chronic health and lifestyle problems for people diagnosed with autism in a student-led clinic

PurposePeople with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at greater risk of developing chronic health and risky lifestyle problems. This is exaggerated further for people living in rural settings and from cultural backgrounds traditionally underserved by healthcare services. The purpose of this paper is to describe an evaluation of health and behavioural lifestyle outcomes of people diagnosed with ASD in a student-led clinic in rural/regional Australia.Design/methodology/approachRoutine clinical outcomes and lifestyle measures were routinely collected at a primary acre student-led Clinic in rural/regional Australia. Participants were all attending the clinic who provided consent for their routine date to be reported. Participants ranged in age from new born to 100 years and were representative of the local community.FindingsThe results indicate there is an increased risk for people with ASD developing chronic conditions compared to those without a diagnosis. This also resulted in higher body mass index and blood sugar levels linked to diabetes and hypertension. Mental health problems were common in people diagnosed with ASD especially anxiety disorders. Smoking was problematic for people with ASD but mainly in non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. Alcohol use was not an increase risk in ASD.Originality/valueLittle is reported on the health and lifestyle experiences of people with ASD in rural/regional settings, especially from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. This paper gives an initial insight to the presentation of chronic conditions and harmful lifestyle choices. Possible insights into adapting or modifying care for people with ASD in rural/regional Australia are given.

Lifestyle practices, health problems, and quality of life after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Severe coronary artery disease continues to be a major health problem in India, and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the accepted modality of treatment. Post-operative long-term quality of life depends on the healthy lifestyle practices and appropriate control of risk factors. We tried to bring out the patient awareness and their practices after the surgery and their implications on their quality of life (QOL). Five hundred patients who completed 6months after isolated CABG were interrogated for their lifestyle practices, health problems, and quality of life using a structured questionnaire. Those who underwent additional cardiac procedures, redo CABG, and coronary interventions after CABG were excluded. Eighty percent were in good functional class (NYHA I, II). Detailed evaluation showed that only 11.6% adhered to healthy lifestyle practices. Obesity, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia continued to be problems in 9.6, 20.2, 35, and 48.4%, respectively. Quality of life was assessed to be good in 27.6%, average in 46.4%, and poor in 26%. Psychological evaluation showed that 23% were significantly anxious and 20% had significant depression. Pre-operative diagnosis and left ventricular function at discharge influenced the QOL. Unhealthy lifestyle practices and failure to attain risk factor reduction adversely affected the quality of life. This study emphasises the need for aggressive counselling as well as continuing health education to improve patient awareness about adopting healthy lifestyle practices after CABG to improve the quality of life.

Mobile Lifestyle of Latvian and Belarusian Youth in the Aspect of Employment

Mobile lifestyle is a comparatively little studied phenomenon, although the development of information and communication technologies significantly changes almost all manifestations of our life. Mobility, network capital, social and humanitarian technologies are becoming substantial conditions for successful employment. The purpose of the article is to analyse the results of the sociological project where youth of Latvia and Belarus became the object of research, in order to determine problems of mobile lifestyle in the aspect of employment through general and special perception of young people of two countries with differing economic systems.

Fizičko vaspitanje i antropološki status dece predškolskog uzrasta

The level of physical activity is a very important educational and health-related aspect of working with preschool-age children. The problems of a sedentary lifestyle, which also affect children, have increasingly come into focus. The solution to these problems is adequate and frequent implementation of physical exercises as part of physical education, or other forms of physical activity. A number of studies in different countries, including Serbia, have focused on this issue, also exploring children's anthropological status and how physical exercise can be used for its advancement. The present study presents an overview of 43 papers on the subject of physical education and the anthropological status of preschool-age children. The papers have been analyzed using the descriptive/explicative method and the method of theoretical analysis, and then classified according to several parameters (type and duration of research, participant sample, sample of measurement instruments, research findings), interpreted and discussed. The paper also presents the various issues explored by the authors, their results and the conclusions they have reached. Research on physical education conducted to date can point to the direction for further research of this topic.

Unhealthy lifestyle and sleep problems as risk factors for increased direct employers' cost of short-term sickness absence.

Objectives Unhealthy lifestyle (eg, smoking) as well as sleep problems are associated with increased risk of sickness absence, but the financial impact of these associations beyond risk ratios is not well known. We aimed to estimate the additive contribution of lifestyle and sleep problems (risk factors) to direct costs of short-term (<15 days) sickness absence. Methods The Helsinki Health Study is a longitudinal cohort of employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (N=8960, response rate 67%). During 2000-2002 the participants were mailed a survey questionnaire that gathered information on their lifestyle and sleep. A sum of the risk factors was calculated: participants received one point for being a smoker; high alcohol user (>7 servings/week for women and >14 servings/week for men); physically inactive [<14 metabolic equivalents (MET) hours/week]; having low fruit and vegetable consumption (<1 times/day); or suffering from frequent insomnia symptoms. Sickness absence, salary, and time of employment were followed through the employer's register between 2002-2016. Individual salary data were used to calculate the direct costs of short-term sickness absence. Data were analyzed using a two-part model. Results Direct costs of short-term sickness absences were on average €9057 (standard deviation €11 858) per employee over the follow-up. Those with ≥3 risk factors had €3266 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) €2114-4417] higher direct costs for the employer over the follow-up compared to those without any risk factors. Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyle and sleep problems may increase the costs of short-term sickness absence to the employer by 10-30%. Consequently, programs addressing lifestyle and sleep may yield to significant savings.

Cardiovascular Disease-related Health Beliefs and Lifestyle Issues Among Karen Refugees Resettled in the United States From the Thai-Myanmar (Burma) Border.

ObjectivesRefugees resettled in the US may be at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about CVD-related issues among Karen refugees who have migrated to the US from the Thai-Myanmar border. The purpose of this study was to examine CVD-related health beliefs and lifestyle issues among Karen refugees resettled in the US.MethodsKaren refugees resettled in the US from the Thai-Myanmar border (n=195) participated in a survey study on health beliefs related to CVD, salt intake, physical activity (PA), and smoking in the fall of 2016.ResultsA high-salt diet, physical inactivity, and smoking were major lifestyle problems. Participants who adhered to a low-salt diet considered themselves to be susceptible to CVD. Most participants did not engage in regular PA. Regular PA was associated with less perceived susceptibility to CVD and greater perceived benefits of a healthy lifestyle for decreasing the likelihood of CVD.ConclusionsEach refugee population may require individualized strategies to promote PA and a healthy diet. Future studies should develop health education programs that are specifically designed for Karen refugees and evaluate such programs. In addition to health education programs on healthy lifestyle choices, tobacco cessation programs seem to be necessary for Karen refugees. At the same time, it is important to foster strategies to increase the utilization of preventive care among this population by promoting free or reduced-fee resources in the community to further promote their health.

A Family Affair: Family Typologies of Problems and Midlife Well-Being.

Midlife adults are a "pivot" generation, responding to parents' and grown children's problems. Yet, some midlife adults may have families where multiple members suffer sorrows, whereas other midlife adults may have families with few problems. This study examined: (a) typologies of problems across generations and (b) associations between profiles of problems and midlife adults' well-being. Midlife adults (N = 633) reported their own, each parent's (n = 868), and grown child's (n = 1,785) physical (e.g., injury, cancer), psychological (e.g., anxiety, addiction), and lifestyle problems (e.g., divorce, job loss), and parents' functional disabilities. Midlife adults reported their own depressive symptoms. Latent profile analysis revealed four family typologies: (a) lowest problems across generations (n = 364), (b) offspring and midlife adult moderate problems, parent high physical problems and disability (n = 165), (c) offspring and parent moderate problems (n = 90), and (d) offspring highest problems (n = 14). Midlife adults in the lowest problems group (Profile a) reported higher income and fewer depressive symptoms than midlife adults in the other groups. Midlife adults cope with challenges when grown children or parents suffer problems, and their well-being may suffer as a result. In this study, regardless of the profile, higher problems in either generation were associated with more depressive symptoms for midlife adults.

Lacking a Primary Care Physician Is Associated With Increased Suffering in Patients With Severe Mental Illness.

We evaluated the relationship between lack of a primary care physician (PCP) and patients with severe mental illness (SMI), who have poorer health and experience more suffering. Using a blinded retrospective record review of 137 patients with SMI, divided between inpatients (n=70) and outpatients (n=67), we compared the two groups to determine if lack of a PCP is associated with increased suffering and worse overall health. We included history of preventive services, having a PCP, and comorbid conditions. Multiple linear regressions determined the relationship between lacking a PCP and lifestyle problems, lack of preventive care, and Burden of Suffering. We found that in SMI patients, lack of a PCP is associated with increased lifestyle problems, lacking preventive care, increased Burden of Suffering and cervical dysplasia. Health policy changes are needed to improve outcomes for patients with SMI by increasing access to PCPs and preventive services.

To Assess the Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Prevention of Osteoporosis among Nurses of Jinnah Hospital and General Hospital Lahore Pakistan

Knowledge about disease its risk factor, sign/symptoms and different aspect of prevention and treatment with accurate information help the professional to make informed decision about the health practice. Average rate of the knowledge regarding prevention and treatment of Osteoporosis has been found among the different health professional over the world, including female Nurses. Aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of Nurses regarding prevention of osteoporosis. Cross-sectional design was used in research. Two Government hospitals Jinnah Hospital and Lahore General Hospital choosed for setting. Simple random sampling technique was used. Data was collect through written Questionnaire consist of 24 close ended question. Data analyzed by SPSS version 21. It was concluded that Nurses have moderate knowledge about risk factor and prevention of osteoporosis. The staff nurses who were young and clinical experience 5-10 years have positive about their role and skill about prevention and management of osteoporosis. Nurses believed that they have an important role in educating the public on osteoporosis prevention and management. One in four women over the age of 60 will develop osteoporosis 84.2% were agreed about that statement. Heredity plays role in development of osteoporosis; in response of this question 60% nurses were disagreed. Yet, their knowledge on different issues (e.g. signs of the disease, medication, and lifestyle problems) was moderate. Measures should be taken in order to expand nurses’ knowledge, such as education programs and postgraduate courses.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-3: 202-209

Self-reflective talk in group counselling

Reflective processing is a joint social action that develops in interaction. Using conversation analysis and discursive psychology, this article focuses on self-reflective turns of talk in group counselling for adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. We show how reflective processing unfolds in patterns of interaction, wherein group members take an observing, evaluating or interpreting position towards their own actions and experiences. Self-reflective talk is neither exclusively dependent on counsellors’ actions nor limited to the niches the counselling programme structure offers. Self-reflective talk is one method of generating joint reflective processing. Such talk makes a topic available for discussion by connecting details of counselling with individuals’ experiences and enabling sharing. Self-reflective talk thus serves as a way for group members to participate in constructing a lifestyle problem, to invite or provide sharing of experiences and to display their orientation to the institutional task at hand.

Rape: Is it a lifestyle or behavioral problem?

Introduction:In India, girl is raped every 20 min. The majority of reports reveals youth is vulnerable group for rape victimization. A set of prejudicial, stereotyped, or false beliefs about rape, rape victims, and rapist exist in the community.Aims/Objectives:To study the attitude and myths toward rape among college going students of Surat City.Materials and Methods:College students of various streams were participated in the study based on attitude toward rape scale (21 items) and updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (22 items). A total of 332 participants from three different colleges of the city took part in the survey. Data analysis was done with the SPSS version 19.Results:Among the responders, 61.75% were female. Mean age of participants was 20.22 ± 1.27 years. Almost two-third (73%) of female participants and 42% of the male participants disagreed with the myth that “When a woman says ‘no’ she really means ‘yes’.” Around 30% of the participants were uncertain about the myth that “A woman cannot be raped by someone she previously knew or had sex with.” While almost 35% of participants believed that “Most rapes are carried out by strangers.” Strong sexual desire of guys, drunkenness, and girl's clothes were reported to be factors that provoke rape by 50%, 40%, and 33% of respondents, respectively, around 95% of female and 92% of male participants think that 7-year imprisonment for rape is not enough.Conclusions:Rape myths are found to be highly prevalent among youth and higher among males.

Exam anxiety: Its prevalence and causative factors among Indian medical students

Background: Medical students confront stress throughout their course. It has been reported that 60% of students suffer from anxiety and depression during their study period. The leading cause for anxiety is an examination stress. A poor academic performance has been observed in students with high test anxiety than in those with low test anxiety. Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of exam anxiety among medical students, to evaluate any significant difference in exam anxiety level between male and female students, and to assess the factors causing it. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 300 medical students of three phases in the age group of 18-23 years. The prevalence of exam anxiety was determined by westside test anxiety scale. The factors causing exam anxiety included in the survey questionnaire were related to examination system, lifestyle, study style, and psychological problems. Results: The prevalence of high exam anxiety among Phases I-III were 37%, 28%, and 32%, respectively. The high exam anxiety level was more in males than in females. Examination system, lack of time management and extensive course load was the major contributing factors for anxiety related to the examination. Conclusion: Medical teachers need to be aware of the factors causing exam anxiety, and the university needs to develop curriculum and examination pattern keeping in view the difficulties students face.

The role of alcohol in the management of hypertension in patients in European primary health care practices - a survey in the largest European Union countries.

BackgroundEven though addressing lifestyle problems is a major recommendation in most guidelines for the treatment of hypertension (HTN), alcohol problems are not routinely addressed in the management of hypertension in primary health care.MethodsInternet based survey of 3081 primary care physicians, recruited via the mailing lists of associations for general practitioners (GPs) in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. Clinical practice, attitudes, knowledge, education and training were assessed. Logistic regression to predict screening, brief intervention and treatment for alcohol dependence in the management of hypertension were assessed.ResultsOverall, about one third of the interviewed GPs reported sufficient screening in cases with HTN (34.0 %, 95 % confidence interval (CI):32.1–35.8 %). One out of five GPs screened and delivered brief interventions in HTN patients with hazardous consumption (22.2 %, 95 % CI: 20.6–23.8 %) and about one in 13 GPs provided treatment for HTN patients with alcohol dependence other than advice or brief intervention (7.8 %, 95 % CI: 6.8–8.9 %). Post-graduate training and belief in their effectiveness predicted interventions. There were marked differences between countries.ConclusionsWhile current interventions were overall low, marked differences between countries indicate that current practices could be improved. Education and post-graduate training seems to be key in improving clinical practice of including interventions for problematic alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence in primary health care.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12875-016-0529-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.