Problem Of Surgical Treatment Research Articles

Colitis-associated colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis - current status and problems of surgical treatment

Colitis-associated colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis - current status and problems of surgical treatment

Current problems of simultaneous surgery of the aortic valve and ischaemic heart disease

Surgical policy in treatment of patients suffering from concomitant valvular pathology and ischaemic heart disease is an extremely important problem of contemporary cardiac surgery. With the advent of advanced techniques and due to the improvement of old ones, there have over the last decades appeared new approaches to treatment of this cohort of patients. Presented in the article is a review of current publications regarding the problem of surgical treatment of patients with a combination of pronounced valvular pathology requiring surgical correction and ischaemic heart disease necessitating the need for myocardial revascularization. This is followed by providing the data concerning contemporary strategies of treatment of patients with concomitant pathology, as well as the comparison of various approaches and the effect of the chosen technique on the outcome.

Intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma: diagnosis and treatment (review)

The review is devoted to the latest achievements in laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of the disease, modem problems of surgical treatment and chemotherapy, possibilities of liver transplantation. Literature data confirm advisability of personified approach in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma management. Paramount directions are improvement of the technique of advanced interventions, as well as the search for early markers and new targeted drugs by using of genetic sequencing of the latest generation.

The management of submental flap in the reconstruction of the oral cavity and skin of face defects

One of the most current problems in surgical treatment of the head and neck malignant neoplasms is the necessity for plastic replacement of defects that occur after tumor removal. The management of a submental flap in 34 patients with squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity and skin cancer of the face has been analyzed. There were 29 males and 5 females. The average age of patients was 56.9±5.23 years. The squamous cell cancer of the tongue was diagnosed in 18 patients, the floor of mouth — 7, the mucous of the cheek — 5, the retromolar triangle — 1 and skin basaloma of face in 3 patients. Single-stage reconstruction of postoperative defects after removal of the primary tumor was carried out simultaneously with the neck dissection. The submental flap with orthograde blood supply was used for reconstruction of the oral cavity defects in 31 patients and submental flap with the retrograde variant of blood supply was used to replace skin defects of face in 3 patients. The flap, which included skin, subcutaneous fat and the anterior belly of digastric muscle was used in 25 patients. A submental flap that included skin, subcutaneous fat, anterior belly of digastric muscle, and the fragment of the mylohyoid muscle was used in 9 patients. Total flap failure was observed in 2 patients and partial flap failure was observed in 3 patients. To replace the defect the supraclavicular artery skin and fascial flap were used in patients with total flap failure. Completion of primary plastics was 94%. Salivary fistula was observed in 2 patients and orostoma was not observed. Oral nutrition was restored for all 33 patients with oral cancer after surgery on 7–8 day. The hematoma in the donor’s site was diagnosed in 1 patient and partial sutures failure was observed in 4 patients. The obtained results allow us to recommend the submental flap as an effective way to reconstruct the defects of the oral cavity and the skin of the face after the removal of malignant tumors.

Современные лучевые технологии оценки почечной перфузии у больных мочекаменной болезнью

Urinary stone disease is the current issue for healthcare system worldwide. High prevalence of urinary stone disease (at least 5% of the population of developed countries) determines clinical significance of the studying of its etiology and pathogenesis, improving of diagnostic methods and novel treatment technologies. The development of endoscopic devices, creation of new eswl machines and improvement of endourology interventions under X-ray guidance allowed to solve the problem of surgical treatment. Therefore, one of the actual issue is the choice of X-ray method for predicting and evaluating of treatment efficiency in patients with urinary stone disease. The changes of renal blood flow depend on urodynamic disturbances, stone location and size, the duration of disease, complications, patients age. Therefore, for comprehensive studying of renal function the hemodynamics evaluation is needed. In this review the advantages, drawbacks and perspective on developing of different radiologic methods for renal hemodynamic assessment are given.

Our Surgical Strategy for Adult Spine Deformity with Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a major social problem in Japan, which is becoming a super-ageing society. Spinal deformity in the elderly causes various symptoms such as neurological deficits, pain, gastroesophageal reflux disease, etc., which impair QOL of the patients. Osteoporosis is one of major etiologies for elderly spinal deformity. At the same time, osteoporosis often causes serious problems in surgical treatment for elderly spinal deformity including instrumentation failure, proximal and distal junctional kyphosis, etc. This presentation will summarize our surgical strategy for prevention of instrument failure, including our original surgical techniques and osteoporosis treatments.

Актуальные проблемы хирургического лечения врожденных пороков сердца с одножелудочковой гемодинамикой по методу Фонтена.

Актуальные проблемы хирургического лечения врожденных пороков сердца с одножелудочковой гемодинамикой по методу Фонтена.

ПАНКРЕАТИЧНІ НОРИЦІ ЯК УСКЛАДНЕННЯ ХРОНІЧНОГО ПАНКРЕАТИТУ. ДІАГНОСТИКА Й ЛІКУВАННЯ

Вступ. Хронічний панкреатит (ХП) зумовлює виникнення різних ускладнень: функціональних розладів, прогресування недостатності екзо– та ендокринної функції підшлункової залози (ПЗ), формування панкреатичних нориць (ПН), цукрового діабету. Як правило, захворювання виявляють у пацієнтів молодого віку (у середньому 20 – 50 років), що суттєво впливає на соціально–економічний стан у суспільстві.
 Мета дослідження. Покращити результати лікування пацієнтів за ускладненого перебігу ХП, у яких сформувались внутрішні та зовнішні ПН, шляхом індивідуального підходу до діагностики та хірургічної корекції.
 Матеріали і методи. Оперовані 148 пацієнтів з приводу ускладнених форм ХП.
 У 31 (21%) пацієнта виявлені зовнішні та внутрішні ПН. Причиною утворення ПН у 10 (32%) хворих був гострий панкреатит, панкреонекроз, у 20 (64,5%) – ХП, в 1 – травма. У 9 (43%) пацієнтів, яких раніше оперували з приводу гострого панкреатиту, загострення ХП, панкреонекрозу, сформувалася зовнішня ПН, у 5 (55,5%) з них – стійка часткова, у 4 (44,4%) – повна зовнішня ПН внаслідок деструкції протоки ПЗ, дебіт соку понад 400 мл на добу.
 Результати та обговорення. Оперативні втручання виконані у 9 (43%) пацієнтів з приводу ПН.
 Несвоєчасне хірургічне лікування ускладнених форм ХП зумовлює формування внутрішніх та зовнішніх ПН. Для доопераційної верифікації зовнішніх ПН слід проводити ендоскопічну ретроградну холангіопанкреатографію (ЕРХПГ) та фістулографію, для інтраопераційної діагностики та верифікації норицевого ходу – інтраопераційну панкреатовірсунгографію. Основним оперативним втручанням з приводу будь–яких нориць є дренування протоки ПЗ, у деяких ситуаціях – у поєднанні з резекційними методами.
 Висновок. Проблема хірургічного лікування внутрішніх та зовнішніх ПН є актуальною, потребує індивідуального підходу до діагностики, обгрунтування показань до виконання операцій, інколи – етапних оперативних втручань.

てんかんの診断と外科治療の適応と課題

てんかんの診断と外科治療の適応と課題

Технические аспекты модифицированной тотальной экстраперитонеоскопической герниопластики у больных с паховой грыжей

A number of technical shortcomings has been revealed recently despite huge inguinal hernias treatment progress according to numerous studies in modern herniology. The problem of surgical treatment results improving is considered to be a part of technical aspects issue in which videoendoscopic TEP-repair is extremely important. Aim. Our goal was to improve surgical treatment results of inguinal hernia repairs by modifying totally extraperitoneal hernia repair. Methods and results. 67 patients underwent modified totally extraperitoneal hernia repair. In every patient we used meticulous step by step dissection of the extraperitoneal space which substitutes dangerous and expensive balloon dilation and prevents from excessive extraperitoneal space sack formation and bleeding. Intraoperative anatomic landmarks and hernia defect measurements specify and individualise a mesh size and help to avoid any torsion and migration of the mesh and subsequent rough scar and chronic pain formation. We used inguinal bandage postoperatively for early mesh shift prevention. Conclusion. No hernia recurrence, low complication rate and good life quality in postoperative period after modified TEP-repair proved its high efficacy and superiority.

Underlying Problems in Surgical Treatment of cT1-2N1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background Obtaining an accurate preoperative diagnosis of N1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major difficulty. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the pathological and long-term outcomes of NSCLC patients clinically staged with N1 disease, to aid in the search for better treatment strategies. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 1,180 consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent surgery for curative intent from 1991 to 2011 in our department. Data on 96 (8.1%) patients who had cT1-2N1 disease and underwent lobectomy or more extensive surgery were available. Results Only 32% of patients (n = 31) were confirmed to have pathological N1 disease, and 34 and 33% of patients were proven to have pN0 and pN2 disease, respectively. Female gender, ≤ 30 pack-year tobacco smoking history, adenocarcinoma, and left-sided disease were significantly associated with pathological upstaging (χ2 test). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression revealed left-sided disease to be independently associated with upstaging (relative risk 4.00, p = 0.015). Left-sided disease was more likely to be underestimated by clinical N staging than right-sided disease (χ2 test, p = 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses demonstrated that left-sided disease was an independent prognostic factor associated with poor outcomes (Cox proportional hazards regression: hazard ratio 2.27, p = 0.037). Conclusion The diagnostic accuracy of clinical N1 status was poor. Left-sided disease appeared to be understaged by the preoperative assessment of N status, and therefore, patients who might benefit from preoperative induction treatment would not receive it.

Surgical treatment in extremely aged patients with gastric cancer.

163 Background: Average life expectancy is increased to 82.6-year-old nowadays in Japan, and there is the increase of the number of elderly patients diagnosed with gastric cancer. Methods: From 1991 to 2011, 5330 operations have been performed for patients diagnosed with gastric cancer in our hospital, and 78 patients (1.5%) were over 85-year-old (elder group). To analyze the problems of surgical treatment for the extremely aged patients, the clinic-pathological findings were investigated retrospectively and compared with those in 4494 patients under 75 years old (control group). Results: Median age of elderly group was 86 (85-95) and control group was 63 (19-75). Preoperative morbidity was higher in the elderly group than in control group (73.1% vs 23.2%,p<0.001). The operative prosedures such as local/proximal/distal/total were 9/0/49/20 in elderly group and 216/172/2983/1123 in control group. The ratio of D2/D3 nodal dissection was lower in elderly group than in control group (30.8/0% vs 48.1/5.4%). Operation-time/blood-loss was less invasive in elderly group (135min/70ml vs 165min/100ml,p<0.001), but the postoperative morbidity rate was higher in elderly group (24.4% vs 15.3%,p=0.029). Although the frequency of postoperative complications was similar in surgical field, (14.1% vs 13.1%), other morbidity such as pneumonia, cerebral infarction and renal impairment were more common in elderly group. There was no difference in postoperative hospital stay in two groups (15 days). The ratio of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was lower in elderly group (Stage II/III; 10.0/13.3% vs 54.2/67.9%). The best supportive care is highly selected in elderly group in case of recurrence (66.7% vs 11.9%). The overall 5-year survival rate of Stage I/II/III/IV was 70.6/70.0/30.3/0% in elderly group and 92.0/80.0/60.5/13.3% in control group. The ratio of non-cancer death was higher in elderly group (41% vs 14%,p<0.001). Conclusions: The postoperative morbidity and non-cancer death is higher in elderly group. With the restriction for treatment failure, appropriate surgical procedures such as minimally invasive surgery and attentive care for the morbidity would need for the extremely aged patients for their better quality of life.

Does Obesity Affect Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy?

Obesity presents a challenging problem in surgical treatment and has led to poorer postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether hip arthroscopy in the obese patient influences postoperative clinical and patient-reported outcome scores. From February 2008 to February 2012, data were collected prospectively on all patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy. A total of 680 patients were included. All patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively with four patient-reported outcome measures. Pain was estimated on the visual analog scale. The patient satisfaction score was measured. Three groups were stratified by body mass index. The non-obese group, those with a body mass index of <30 kg/m(2) (mean, 23.61 kg/m(2)), included 562 patients with a mean age of 34.78 years. The class-I obese group, those with a body mass index of ≥30 to 34.9 kg/m(2) (mean, 33.85 kg/m(2)), included ninety-four patients with a mean age of 44.02 years. The class-II obese group, those with a body mass index of ≥35 to 39.9 kg/m(2) (mean, 39.11 kg/m(2)), included twenty-four patients with a mean age of 39.33 years. In the non-obese group, the score improvement from the preoperative assessment to the two-year follow-up visit was 63.41 to 83.81 points for the modified Harris hip score, 60.86 to 83.62 points for the Non-Arthritic Hip Score, 66.24 to 86.24 points for the Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living, and 44.01 to 73.26 points for the Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale. In the class-I obese group, the score improvement from the preoperative assessment to the two-year follow-up visit was 54.81 to 75.95 points for the modified Harris hip score, 48.98 to 72.51 points for the Non-Arthritic Hip Score, 53.22 to 72.99 points for the Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living, and 30.56 to 60.75 points for the Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale. In the class-II obese group, the score improvement from the preoperative assessment to the two-year follow-up visit was 50.81 to 80.01 points for the modified Harris hip score, 42.36 to 72.50 points for the Non-Arthritic Hip Score, 48.11 to 74.73 points for the Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living, and 28.25 to 62.56 points for the Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale. Traction time did not vary significantly between groups (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that obese patients started with lower absolute scores preoperatively and ended with lower overall absolute postoperative scores. However, obese patients showed substantial benefit from hip arthroscopy and demonstrated a degree of improvement that was similar to that of the control non-obese group.

Diagnostic value of serial measurement of C-reactive protein in serum and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in drainage fluid in the detection of infectious complications and anastomotic leakage in patients with colorectal resection.

Postoperative infectious complications are one of the most important problems in surgical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), being present in up to 40% of patients. The aim of this paper was to establish the significance of serial measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in drainage fluid for the detection of infectious complications and anastomotic leakage (AL) in patients with colorectal resection. CRP and MMP-9 values in serum and drainage fluid, respectively, were measured on the first, third, fifth, and seventh postoperative day (POD) in 150 patients with colorectal resection and primary anastomosis. The values obtained were compared between the patients without complicatons and those with surgical site and remote infections and AL. Surgical site infections (SSIs) were observed in 41 (27.3%), and remote infections in 10 (6.7%) patients. Clinically evident AL was observed in 15 (10/6) patients. In 82% of the patients with SSIs, serum CRP value on POD 5 exceeded 82 mg/L, with 81% specificity. AL was reported in 85% and 92% of the patients on PODs 5 and 7, respectively, with CRP values of 77 mg/L and 90 mg/L, respectively. The specificity was 77% for POD 5 and 88% for POD 7. All the patients with CRP values exceeding 139 mg/L on POD 5 had some of SSIs and/or AL. The mean values of MMP-9 were not statistically different between the group without complications (n = 99) and the group with AL (n = 15). Serial measurement of CRP is recommended for screening of infectious complications of colorectal resection. Patients with CRP values above 139 mg/L on POD 5 cannot be discharged from hospital, and require an intensive search for infectious complications, particularly AL. MMP-9 measurement in drainage fluid is not relevant in the detection of AL in patients with colorectal resection.

無症候性頚動脈狭窄症に対する手術治療の現状と課題

無症候性頚動脈狭窄症に対する手術治療の現状と課題

THE COMBINED OPERATIONS AT PATIENTS WITH MORBID OBESITY

The material of this work presents the problem of surgical treatment of patients with severe obesity. The assessment of the methods applied by authors in combined bariatric operations is given on the oun material.

THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (BECHTEREW'S DISEASE)

Система комплексной поддержки и сопровождения научного журнала Elpub позволяет запустить двуязычный сайт журнала со встроенной системой электронной редакции в соответствии с лучшими издательскими практиками, а так же предусматривает техническую и методическую поддержку со стороны специалистов НЭИКОН.

Металлоостеосинтез при переломах бедренной кости у больных с функционирующим эндопротезом тазобедренного сустава

Работа посвящена проблеме лечения перипротезных переломов бедренной кости у больных с функционирующим эндопротезом тазобедренного сустава. Отмечено, что проблема хирургического лечения перипротезных переломов крайне актуальна, что связано с прогрессивным увеличением количества имплантаций протеза тазобедренного сустава. Цель работы — определить направления разработки методов лечения переломов бедренной кости у резидентов с функционирующим эндопротезом тазобедренного сустава. В качестве варианта выбора рассматриваются методики металлоостеосинтеза на ножке эндопротеза. Проведен анализ лечения 17 больных с перипротезными переломами бедренной кости. Во всех случаях получены хорошие функциональные результаты в сроках наблюдения пять и более лет. Показано, что адекватный остеосинтез при перипротезном переломе бедренной кости на функционирующем эндопротезе тазобедренного сустава позволяет восстановить полную функцию протезированного сустава.

Proximal Junctional Problems in Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Sagittal Imbalance Patients and Relevant Risk Factors

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objectives: As we analyze the incidence and the risk factor for proximal junctional problem after surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative sagittal imbalance, we want to contribute to reducing the junctional problem of surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative sagittal imbalance. Summary of Literature Review: Surgical treatment of degenerative spinal deformity has increased. Rigid fixation was a risk factor for degenerative change of adjacent segment and failure, and it remains a big challenge for the junctional problem of surgical treatment. However, research on the correlation with risk factors is rare. Materials and Methods: Forty four patients (mean age 66.5; range, 50-74) who had surgery due to lumbar degenerative sagittal imbalance were evaluated by the risk factor associated with junctional problems from January, 2005 to December, 2011. The risk factors were analyzed by surgical factor (proximal fusion level, using iliac screw, correction or undercorrection of lumbar lordosis compared with pelvic incidence) and patient factor (age, bone marrow density, body mass index). Results: Junctional problems occurred in 18 patients (41%) out of 44 patients. Among these problems, there were 10 cases of fractures, 8 cases of junctional kyphosis, and 4 cases of proximal screw pull out. . Among the risk factors, only the correction or undercorrection of lumbar lordosis compared with pelvic incidence in surgical factor was statistically significant. Other surgical factors and patient factors were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Junctional problems after a surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative sagittal imbalance were common. However, we could not know the exact risk factor of junctional problems except the degree of correction of lumbar lordosis compared with pelvic incidence, because most of the risk factors were not statistically significant. So, further evaluations of the risk factor of lumbar degenerative sagittal imbalance are required.

Intraoperative parathyroid hormone in strategy of surgical treatment of a primary hyperparathyreosis

Problem of surgical treatment of patients with a primary hyperparathyreosis – normalisation of level of a parathyroid hormone and calcium after operation. Any of diagnostics methods before operation does not allow to prognosticate authentically necessary volume of an operative measure in each specific case in this connection, was considered obligatory bilateral intraoperative revision of regions of a typical locating of parathyroids. Appearance of a method of definition of an quick parathyroid hormone during operation has allowed to estimate adequacy of a surgical intervention already on an operating table. Besides, it is a method allows to minimise an operational trauma and duration of a surgical intervention, and also widely to use the video-assisted operative measures in treatment of a primary hyperparathyreosis. We make the retrospective analysis of results of definition intraoperative parathyroid hormone at 230 patients with the primary hyperparathyreosis, operated in Endocrinologic centre of science in Moscow (Russia) from 2006 for 2009. Depending on success of the operative measure, all patients are parted on 4 bunches, according to the received results of concordance and research discordance. The analysed results have shown high sensitivity (93.3%), high specificity (85.7%), and also high predictive value of a positive take (99.5%) definitions intraoperative parathyroid hormone that allows to be oriented on its indexes at a choice of operational strategy in surgical treatment of a primary hyperparathyreosis.