Problems In School Children Research Articles

Criteria for detection of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions in schoolchildren

ObjectivesThe aim was to compare, on the same dataset, existing detection criteria for transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and to select those most suitable for use with school-aged children. MethodsTEOAEs were recorded from the ears of 187 schoolchildren (age 8–10 years) using the Otodynamics ILO 292 system with a standard click stimulus of 80dB peSPL. Pure tone audiometry and tympanometry were also conducted. Global and half-octave-band (at 1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4kHz) values of OAE signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), reproducibility, and response level were determined. These parameters were used as criteria for detection of TEOAEs. In total, 21 criteria based on the literature and 3 new ones suggested by the authors were investigated. ResultsPure tone audiometry and tympanometry screening generated an ear-based failure rate of 7.49%. For TEOAEs, there was a huge variability in failure rate depending on the criteria used. However, three criteria sets produced simultaneous values of sensitivity and specificity above 75%. The first of these criteria was based only on a global reproducibility threshold value above 50%; the second on certain global reproducibility and global response values; and the third involved exceeding a threshold of 50% band reproducibility. The two criteria sets with the best sensitivity were based on global reproducibility, response level, and signal-to-noise ratio (with different thresholds across frequency bands). ConclusionsTEAOEs can be efficiently used to test the hearing of schoolchildren provided appropriate protocols and criteria sets are used. They are quick, repeatable, and simple to perform, even for nonaudiologically trained personnel. Criteria with high sensitivity (89%) were identified, but they had relatively high referral rates. This is not so much a problem in schoolchildren as it is in newborns because with schoolchildren pure tone audiometry and tympanometry can be performed immediately or at a follow-up session. Nevertheless, high referral rates lead to increased screening cost; for that reason, three less rigorous criteria with high values of both sensitivity and specificity (75% and above) are recommended.

PCR for enteric pathogens in high-prevalence settings. What does a positive signal tell us?

Background: Molecular methods, in particular PCR, are increasingly used for the diagnosis of enteric pathogens in stool samples. In high-endemicity settings, however, asymptomatic carriage or residual DNA from previous infections will hamper the interpretation of positive test results. We assessed the quantitative dimension of this problem in schoolchildren in the rural highlands of Madagascar. Methods: Stool samples were collected from 410 apparently healthy Madagascan schoolchildren and analysed by multiplex real-time PCR for enteroinvasive bacteria (Salmonella spp., Shigella spp./enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC), Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia spp.), enteric protozoa (Entamoebea histolytica, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., Cyclospora spp.), and helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma spp., Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis). Symptoms of gastrointestinal disease were assessed. Results: Among the 410 samples, we detected Giardia duodenalis in 195, Campylobacter jejuni in 91, Ascaris lumbricoides in 72, Cyclospora cayetanenesis in 68, Shigella spp./EIEC in 56, and Strongyloides stercoralis and Cryptosporum spp. in 1 case each. Salmonella spp., Yersinia spp. and hookworms were not observed. Relative risk assessment suggested few and incoherent associations with pathogen detections, indicating asymptomatic carriage or DNA residuals. Only 26.1% of the schoolchildren were tested negative for all analysed pathogens. Conclusions: The very high risk of detecting traces of asymptomatic carriage or residual DNA from previous infections limits the value of highly sensitive PCR for the causal attribution of detected enteric pathogens from stool samples to an infectious gastrointestinal disease in the high-endemicity setting. Evaluated standards for the interpretation of such results are needed both for the diagnostic routine and for epidemiological assessments.

Ocular morbidity screening among school children in Chennai

Background: Child’s vision is most essential for their successful learning. Poor vision in childhood affects performance in school and thereby their future. the A study of pattern of ocular disorders in children is very important because some eye conditions like high Myopia, congenital anomalies invariably lead to Blindness. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of various ocular disorders among school going children in the age group 5-15 years in an urban population. Methods: This cross sectional study was done among school going children of age 5-15 years. The criterion for classifying as visually impaired was visual acuity less than 6/9 in one or both eyes. The sample size was calculated by the prevalence of refractive errors in school children as 20% with an alpha error of 5% and relative precision 10%. Prevalence of ocular morbidities and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. By applying Chi-square tests, the differences in proportions were considered significant at 5% level. Results: This cross sectional study was conducted among 1580 children aged 5- 15 years. Among the selected children, 55.1% were males and 44.9% were females. Children with visual impairment due to various ocular morbidity were 22.3% (353). Among them, 19.3% had refractive error; amblyopia in one eye was 0.9%, followed by vitamin A deficiency 0.6% and congenital anomalies 0.1%. Conclusions: Early detection and treatment of eye health problems in school children is essential for the prevention of blindness.

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge on Behavioral Problems of School Children among Diploma in Education Students in Selected Colleges of Belgaum City, Karnataka

Teachers have always had the ability to determine the tone and direction of a school, to create exemplary world within the classroom. Behavioural problems in school children can be mild, moderate or severe and are at a higher risk of school failure, suicide and mental health problems. If you can see that child's behavioural problems are worsening, take steps to help sooner rather than later. Therefore the researcher is interested to conduct “A Descriptive study to assess the level of knowledge on behavioral problems of school children among diploma in education students in selected colleges at Belgaum”

Dental caries and associated factors among primary school children in Bahir Dar city: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundDental caries is the most common chronic infectious disease of childhood caused by the interaction of bacteria, mainly Streptococcus mutans and sugary foods on tooth enamel. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries among primary school children at Bahir Dar city.MethodsA school based cross-sectional study was conducted at Bahir Dar city from October 2013 to January 2014. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the children. Structured questionnaire was used to interview children and/or parents to collect socio demographic variables. Clinical dental information obtained by experienced dentist using dental caries criteria set by World Health Organization. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were computed to investigate factors associated with dental caries.ResultsOf the 147 children, 82 (55.4%) were girls. Majority of the children (67.6%) cleaned their teeth using traditional method (small stick of wood made of a special type of plant). The proportion of children having dental caries was 32 (21.8%). Primary tooth decay accounted for 24 (75%) of dental caries. The proportion of missed teeth was 7 (4.8%). The overall proportion of toothache and dental plaque among school children were 40 (27.2%) and 99 (67.3%), respectively. Grade level of 1–4 (AOR = 3.9, CI = 1.49 -10.4), poor habit of tooth cleaning (AOR = 2.6, CI = 1.08 - 6.2), dental plaque (AOR = 5.3, CI = 1.6 - 17.7) and toothache (AOR = 6.3, CI = 2.4 – 15.4) were significantly associated with dental caries.ConclusionDental caries is a common public health problem in school children associated with poor oral hygiene, dietary and dental visit habits. Therefore, prevention measures such as health education on oral hygiene, dietary habits and importance of dental visit are obligatory for children.

Fatores de proteção associados a problemas emocionais e comportamentais em escolares

O estudo teve como objetivo verificar associações entre fatores de risco e proteção e problemas emocionais/ comportamentais em escolares. A amostra foi composta por 181 alunos do 2º a 5º anos (6 a 12 anos de idade) e seus respectivos cuidadores. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram o Inventário de Comportamentos para Crianças e Adolescentes de 6 a 18 anos, um questionário de avaliação socioeconômico familiar, de médias finais de Matermática e Português fornecidas pela escola. Foram investigados problemas emocionais/comportamentais e competências sociais com base no inventário, no desempenho acadêmico e na classificação socioeconômica familiar. Foi conduzida uma análise de regressão logística para gerar um modelo que buscasse associações entre o desfecho (problemas emocionais e comportamentais) e idade, sexo, classificação socioeconômica familiar, desempenho acadêmico e indicadores de socialização. Os resultados indicaram associações entre melhor desempenho acadêmico e indicadores positivos de socialização, com menor probabilidade de as crianças apresentarem problemas emocionais/comportamentais.

PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) DI SMK NEGERI 1 LAIS KECAMATAN LAIS KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN

Abstract : The problem for school children usually do not like the lessons he considered difficult. This issue will certainly affect the ability of understanding the concept of learning itself. Therefore must be considered principles of good teaching so that learning is always a problem for students can be overcome. The principles include: 1) the need to prepare children for learning, 2) starting from the concrete to the abstract, 3) providing opportunities for children to practice and repeat, 4) generalize to new situations, 5) departed from the strengths and weaknesses students, 6) the need to build a strong foundation in the concepts and skills, 7) the provision of a balanced program, and 8) the use of media (Amilda 2010, p. 159). It should be understood by the teacher when the learning process, the teacher in the classroom not only provide knowledge or values of the teacher as a storehouse of knowledge and students are like empty bottles are filled, but should be able to provide stimulus and intelligently implemented in the classroom, but students should be able to be made to think eduktif and can build a good human types and plenary (complete and incomplete) (Kartono, 2001, p. 10). The teacher is the holder of a leading role in the implementation of learning. The process of learning is a process that contains a series of acts or teachers and learners basic reciprocal relationships that take place in an educational situation to achieve a certain goal. In simple terms, the teacher is the one who gives knowledge to the students (Djamarah, 2005, p. 31). Keywords: Teacher competent, effective, and responsibilities of shareholders leading role in the implementation of learning.

Prevalence, risk factors, and predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among schoolchildren: A hospital-based study in Alexandria, Egypt

Background and study aimsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging problem in children and adolescents worldwide. This study was done to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD in children and adolescents as well as to determine the associated risk factors of fatty liver and to explore the ability of some obesity indices to predict and consequently be used as a screening method of fatty liver disease at certain cutoff points in schoolchildren. Patients and methodsA cross-sectional, nested case–control study was carried out. Cases and controls were randomly selected from outpatient schoolchildren aged 6–18years attending the radiology clinic at Sporting Health Insurance Paediatric Hospital in Alexandria. They were subjected to ultrasonic examination as well as complete anthropometric and laboratory measurements including fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, fasting insulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, and lipid profile. ResultsFatty liver was prevalent in schoolchildren (15.8%) and increased significantly with age (p=0.004). Positive family history of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), obesity, and liver disease were all statistically significant risk factors for fatty liver. Waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and its Z-score were significantly sensitive predictors. BMI was considered the best predictor of paediatric NAFLD at a cutoff=22.9. NAFLD was significantly associated with high triglycerides (TGs), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), homoeostatic model assessment (HOMA) percentile, and the number of metabolic syndrome (MS) components. ConclusionPaediatric NAFLD is a substantial problem in schoolchildren and has a close relationship with obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance (IR), and consequently MS. BMI and WC can be used as useful predictors and screening tools for NAFLD in schoolchildren.

RISK GROUP CHILDREN: CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR SOCIAL-PEDAGOGICAL COUNSELLING

Social-pedagogical counselling is one of the key forms of social-pedagogical assistance. In dealing with the issues of quality educational assistance, the characteristics of pedagogical and psychological counselling and the problems of schoolchildren’s training and learning difficulties at different age stages are most frequently discussed. However, the characteristics of social-pedagogical counselling in the solution of other than learning social-pedagogical problems of risk group children receive insufficient attention. On the basis of the qualitative research outcomes, the article discloses the characteristics of the social-pedagogical counselling of risk-group children. The summary of the theoretical and empiric research proves that pedagogues and social pedagogues identify partly limited opportunities of social-pedagogical counselling when addressing the problems of risk group children. KEYWORDS: counselling, social-pedagogical counselling, risk group children.

Epidemiological survey of Rheumatic fever, Rheumatic heart disease and Congenital heart disease among school children in Kathmandu valley of Nepal

Background and Aims: Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatic Heart Disease and Congenital Heart disease are the most common cardiac problems in school children. Prior studies have reported different prevalence rate of Rheumatic Heart Disease among different groups of population of Nepal. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatic Heart Disease and Congenital Heart Disease among school children in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. Methods: Cardiac screening of 34,876 school children from 115 randomly selected public schools from two cities of Kathmandu Valley (Kathmandu and Lalitpur) was done. Cases with abnormal findings in auscultation underwent echocardiography and the diagnosis was confirmed. Results: The prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease was noted to be 1 per thousand and prevalence of Rheumatic Heart Disease was found to be 0.90 per thousand (in the age group 5-16 years) with the most common lesion being Mitral Regurgitation. No significant statistical difference was noted between male and female students in both the cases of Rheumatic Heart Disease and Congenital Heart Disease. No cases of Acute Rheumatic Fever were noted. Conclusion: The prevalence of Rheumatic Heart Disease among school children in Kathmandu valley was noted to be lower than reported in similar previous studies. Primary and secondary prevention programs of RF/RHD have been effective in Nepal and are needed to be strengthened and expanded to further reduce the burden of these diseases. Nepalese Heart Journal | Volume 10 | No.1 | November 2013| Pages 1-5 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v10i1.9738

Behavioral problems in school children as recognized by untrained teachers

Introduction: Behavior problems in a student at school interfere with his lessons and may disturb other students. In spite of teacher’s best effort, not all children rise up to the expectations. Behavioral problems are a major challenge for teachers. This study was undertaken with the aim of looking into the awareness of teachers into the existence of psychological problems in their students and to find out the type of problem present in the student. Materials and Method: This study was conducted in various districts of western region when the primary author was conducting teachers training for mental health project during the period of 2001 to 2003. Questionnaire developed during the first stage of research was used in the second part. Semi-structured interview was done with 212 teachers (from Eastern Terai, Western Terai and the mid hills) dealing with 23,320 students to find the different symptoms suggesting emotional and behavioural problem. Results:Out of the total 23320 students indirectly covered in the study, 8999 (38.58%) were found to have some sort of psychological problem. ‘Slow learners’ was reported to be present by 77.83% of teachers in 4.98% of their students, suddenly degrading school performance was reported by 75% of teachers in 3.65% of students.Conclusion: An average school teacher in Nepalese government schools can identify behavioural problems in their classroom. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i2.9722 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol.2, No.2, 2013 26-28

Which specific skills developing during preschool years predict the reading performance in the first and second grade of primary school?

The aim of this study was to examine if specific skills that are developed during preschool years could predict the reading performance in the first and second grade of primary school. Two hundred and eighty-seven children participated in this longitudinal study. At the kindergarten level, phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatised naming, phonological short-term memory, auditory processing, motor skills and oral language were evaluated. Reading performance was evaluated in Grades 1 and 2 of the primary school. Results showed that not only total reading performance, but the accuracy and the fluency of reading as well, are predicted in the first grade of school by the PA and the phonological memory scores during kindergarten. Oral language plays the most important role in the prediction of text comprehension. Total reading performance and fluency of reading in the second grade were predicted by the PA and the phonological memory scores. In this grade, the PA, the phonological memory and the copy of shapes seem to be important for the accuracy of reading. Our results suggest that the utilisation of such early evidence through intervention programmes at the preschool age and during the first school years could contribute to the prevention of possible reading problems in school children.

The Impacts of Childhood Epilepsy in School Children

This literature review highlights the psychological and social impact of epilepsy, as well as the behavioral problems in school children with epilepsy. From the study of the literature it is found that children with epilepsy have an increased risk of psychological disorders and hyperactivity compared with healthy children, in particular, they have a greater risk for developing emotional disorders.

Intestinal Parasitic infections and Demographic status of school children in Bhopal region of Central India

Background: School going children of age 6-12 years are the prime victims of intestinal parasitic infections. There is scant information available on the prevalence and distribution of intestinal parasites among school children in Bhopal region of Central India. Aim: To study, (a) prevalence and types of intestinal parasites in school children (b) Demographic status and sanitary habits of school children. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in 300 rural and 300 urban school children of age 6-12 years. Data collected from their parents on demographic factors and behavioral habits. As consent was obtained only from rural school, stool samples of rural school children were examined for parasites by saline and iodine wet mount. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 40.7%. Giardia intestinalis was the commonest protozoa found (43.44%). Among helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides was predominantly detected (9.84%). Literacy rate of head of family was 85% and 1.67% in rural and urban school children respectively. 49.33% used cloth filter and 41.66% used plain water for drinking in rural area while 15% used cloth filter and 34.66% used plain water for drinking in urban area. 7.33% of children from rural area and 3.0% children from urban area used open field for defecation. Dirty untrimmed nails were found in 86.23% of rural and 28.66% of urban school children. Conclusion: Burden of parasitic infections and poor sanitation are still important public health problems in school children of our region. Creating awareness about health, improving sanitation level and promotion of de-worming could reduce intestinal parasitic infestation.

A Study to assess the effect of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Behavioral Problems in Children among Mothers

The term behavior refers to the way a person responds to ascertain situation or experience. Most of the Behavioral problems in school children occur due to lack of parental knowledge, inconsistent discipline, over criticizing, neglect, problem between parents, sibling rivalry, and bad habit of mothers during pregnancy. This study was conducted to assess the effect of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding behavioral problems in children among mothers. A Quantitative approach and a Quasi-Experimental research design were used to assess the effect of structured teaching programme regarding behavioral problems in children among mothers. The target population of study was mothers of school age children residing in village Paddi, Ludhiana, Punjab. Sample of 60 mothers chosen by purposive sampling technique. 30 mothers were kept in experimental group & 30 in control group. Data was collected by self structured multiple choice questionnaire. Data collection was done in March, 2014.

Associations of Internalizing and Externalizing Problems with Facial Expression Recognition in Preschoolers: The Generation R Study

AbstractAltered patterns of facial expression recognition (FER) have been linked to internalizing and externalizing problems in school children and adolescents. In a large sample of preschoolers (N = 727), we explored concurrent and prospective associations between internalizing/externalizing problems and FER. Internalizing/externalizing problems were rated by parents at 18 and 36 months using the Child Behavior Checklist. FER was assessed at 36 months using age‐appropriate computer tasks of emotion matching and emotion labeling. Internalizing problems were associated with emotion‐specific differences at both ages: at 18 months they predicted more accurate labeling of sadness; at 36 months they were associated with less accurate labeling of happiness and anger. Externalizing problems at both ages were associated with general FER deficits, particularly for matching emotions. Findings suggest that in preschoolers, internalizing problems contribute to emotion‐specific differences in FER, while externalizing problems are associated with more general FER deficits. Knowledge of the specific FER patterns associated with internalizing/externalizing problems can be proven useful in the refinement of emotion‐centered preventive interventions.

Assessment of Mental Health Problems of School Children Aged 11-17 Years Using Self Report Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ)

Introduction: It is now recognized that psychological disorders, among children and adolescents have high prevalence rate. Currently, there is limited data on the prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents especially in the developing country like Nepal. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mental health issues among school children aged 11-17 years. Materials and Methods: The self rated version of Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ-YR1) were given to the students and answers were collected and the data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.1. The questions were in the Likert scale 0(not true), 1(somewhat true) and 2(certainly true). The data collected also included parent’s educational and occupational status. Results: A total of 159 students participated in the study after receiving well informed consent from the parents. There were 96(60%) boys and 63 (40%) girls’ participants in the study. Among all the participants in this study 18.6% had a total-Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) score that can be classified as abnormal by published cutoffs. The emotional problems (24.5%) and peer relationship problem (22%) were the two common problems screened as an abnormal SDQ score. Girls were significantly more likely to have emotional problems than boys (p value <0.05) where as boys were significantly more likely to have Hyperactivity/inattention score in SDQ than girls (p value<0.05).Gender difference was also significant statistically as girls had higher abnormal total SDQ score than boys (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of mental health issues in children but a study in large sample is recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i3.8752 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 2013;33(3):172-176

Headache in School Children

Recurrent headache is a common problem in school children. Evaluation generally leads to the diagnosis of a primary headache syndrome (migraine or tension-type headache). This review is addressed to the question whether headaches in school children are becoming more common and, if so, what risk factors are associated with the rise in frequency. We selectively searched the PubMed database for pertinent publications that contained the terms "primary headache AND children/adolescent AND risk factors/prevalence." Articles published in either English or German up to April 2013 were considered. Articles on secondary types of headache were excluded. Headaches are becoming more common among school children. At present, 66% to 71% of 12- to 15- year-olds have at least one headache every three months, and 33% to 40% have at least one per week. Headache is often accompanied by other physical and/or emotional manifestations. Studies from Scandinavia reveal increasing prevalence in age groups from 8 years of age and upward. Various studies have identified the following risk factors for headache or for its chronification (up to 5.8-fold elevation of risk): a dysfunctional family situation, the regular consumption of alcohol, caffeine ingestion, smoking, a low level of physical activity, physical or emotional abuse, bullying by peers, unfair treatment in school, and insufficient leisure time. Headaches are becoming more common among children and adolescents. They are often associated with other physical and emotional complaints.

Behavioral Problems in School Children: Assessment of Stress in Schools

Introduction: Adolescence is the period in human development during which several dramatic changes at biological, social, psychological and cognitive levels take place. Hardly any research has been done in the area of adolescent’s mental health in Nepal, especially in the area of adolescent stress. In the study, an effort has been made to find the level of stress in the school students in Kathmandu. Method: Study sample was 250 students drawn from government and private schools of the valley. Self-report measures were used for the child. Student Stress Scale was used for the research. Results: This study showed that the male students of government school faced highest level of stress (413.99) in comparison to any other group of adolescents. In the same way the female students from government schools were facing lesser level of stress (307.98), than female students from Private schools (318.78). Children of the second birth order of the broken families were facing maximum level of stress (518.67). Children of the joint families were facing more stress (424.67) than children living in other types of family. Conclusion: Stress level was higher in both male and female children of mothers who were housewives and lower in the female children of working mothers. Stress level was below the cutoff range in female children of working mothers (258.09). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i1.8570 J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol .2, No.1, 2013 20-25

Pediculosis Capitis: Prevalence and Its Associated Factors in Primary Schoolchildren Living in Rural and Urban Areas in Kaiseri, Turkey

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of pediculosis capitis in schoolchildren living in rural and urban areas in Kayseri, a city located in central Anatolia in Turkey. This cross-sectional school-based study was performed in 24 randomly selected public schools. A total of 8,122 schoolchildren aged 5-16 years, from kindergarten to eighth grade, were examined for the presence of pediculosis capitis. A child was defined as being infested by the presence of live or dead lice or eggs/nits. The results were analyzed using the chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of head lice infestation was 13.1%. Pediculosis was more frequent in girls (25.2%) than in boys (0.86%) (p < 0.001). The prevalence was lower in children aged 5-8 years than in those aged 9-11 or 12-16 years (p < 0.001). In multiple regression analyses, the variables demonstrating statistically significant association with pediculosis were: being a girl (OR = 40.93; 95% Cl = 29.06-57.66), being 9-11 years old (OR = 1.54; 95% Cl = 1.25-1.89), residing with > or = 3 siblings (OR = 1.98; 95% Cl = 1.57-2.50), having a mother with no education (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.29-2.33), having a father with no education (OR = 1.45; 95% Cl = 1.08-1.94), living in a rural area (OR = 2.34; 95% Cl = 2.02-2.71) and living in a one-room house (OR = 2.39; 95% CI = 1.41-4.08). Pediculosis capitis remains a health problem in schoolchildren in Kayseri, Turkey. In addition to improvement in socioeconomic status, collaborative and participation efforts among physicians, nurses, teachers, and parents are necessary to maintain effective epidemiological surveillance and provide treatment.