Problems Of Regional Development Research Articles

Regional development corporation in Russia - the problem of functioning

The transition to a market economy for the Russian regions has complicated the old problems of regional development and created new ones. As a result, there was an imbalance in regional development. Some regions received additional incentives for their development, while many regions experienced stagnation. Regional policy measures are required to correct this imbalance. This becomes possible with the use of special mechanisms for regional development. These include Development Corporations. Such corporations were created in the 1960s and 70s and operate in the United States, Colombia, Brazil, Belgium, and other countries. Development corporations have now been established in many Russian regions. According to the organizational and legal structure, most of them are joint — stock companies. Their founders and main shareholders are almost always the regional governments. The main goal of these corporations is to develop the regions by attracting investments for the implementation of various projects. The main task of the functioning of development corporations is the implementation of the mechanism of public-private partnership. However, the effectiveness of this mechanism of regional development for the vast majority of regions is low due to a number of three groups of factors — institutional, exogenous, and endogenous. The result of their combined action is the low efficiency of regional development corporations. The analysis of the reasons for low efficiency allows us to use the potential of development corporations, taking into account the world experience and Russian specifics. This question is currently insufficiently sanctified and this article is intended to eliminate this as far as possible.

Does Energy Tax Subsidy Policy Promote the Development of the Biomass Energy Industry? A Case of Biomass Molding Fuel Industry in China

Global energy crisis and climate change have caused widespread concern about the development of the biomass energy industry. China has committed to exploring feasible policies to promote the development of the biomass energy industry. However, through the partial equilibrium simulation analysis of the impact of existing tax-subsidy policy and optimized tax-subsidy policy on the price, supply-demand, and corporate income of China's biomass molding fuel industry, we found that China's biomass molding-fuel industry is still confronted with the problems of unbalanced regional development, a huge gap between supply and demand and a low level of corporate income. Moreover, it is difficult to meet the 2020 development target at this stage. If China is to achieve the 2020 biomass molding fuel utilization goal set by the government, it needs to adjust the energy tax subsidy policy to a higher level, but such a high level of tax incentives and financial subsidies are not viable in the economic operation. Therefore, to support the sustainable development of the biomass molding fuel industry, relevant departments should not only set the mandatory total target but also pursue production quality and market construction. According to the actual production and consumption capacity of the domestic economy, China’s government should adjust the planning policies for biomass energy production in time.

Applying an entropy method to evaluate regional traffic development from a niche perspective

Developing regional transportation is an important part of the coordinated development of a regional economy. This study addresses the problem of uncoordinated regional transportation development and identifies ways to advance the development of the regional economy. Using a niche model and entropy method, this study analyzed the development status of regional transportation industry from three dimensions: structure, function, and environment. This included constructing an evaluation index system. The results show that the traffic development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in China is continuously improving, but there are clear gaps between the regions, and the development of the three dimensions significantly differs. This highlights the importance of formulating regional transportation integration development measures according to the development status of each city and its own characteristics.

The Impact of the Interaction of Financial and Industrial Structure on Economic Growth – Evidence from China

In recent years, China’s economic growth speed has been slowing down, leading to the problems of overcapacity and unbalanced regional economic development, and the mismatch between industrial and financial structure is becoming intense. This paper, starting with the relationship among economic growth, industrial structure and financial structure, summarizes the research by the former scholars. On this basis, by using data of 31 provincial panel data in China from 2007 to 2016, the article aims to find out the relationship between the industrial structure and economic growth, the relationship between the financial structure and economic growth and the relationship between the interaction of financial and industrial structure and economic growth. Finally, the conclusions of this paper are obtained that the interaction between the financial structure and the industrial structure can promote the economic growth significantly. However, the matching effect of the financial structure and industrial structure in China has not been completely formed, and the industrial upgrading should be guided to be structurally reformed through the policy.

Сучасні тенденції розвитку туристичного бізнесу в регіонах України

The article is aimed at studying the trends in tourism development in the regions of Ukraine. By analyzing, systematizing and generalizing statistical data and research works of many scientists, the author considers the state and trends of travel industry development in various regions of Ukraine, reveals problems in regional tourism development, substantiates areas of travel industry development in Ukraine, in general, and its regions, in particular. As a result of the study, current trends in tourism development in the regions of Ukraine are outlined, namely: the revival of tourism alternates with recessions; Ukraine’s image remains uncertain in the global market environment; the outbound tourist flow prevails over the inbound one; the private tourism share is the largest one in the structure of tourist flows both from Ukraine and to Ukraine; the neighboring countries share is the largest one in the geographical structure of tourist flows; tourism is most developed in the following regions of Ukraine: the city of Kyiv and Kyiv, Lviv, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa and Zaporizhzhia regions; tourism is least developed in Luhansk, Kirovohrad, Zhytomyr, Ternopil, Rivne, and Sumy regions. The study reveals such problems of tourism development in the regions of Ukraine: logistics imperfection; ignoring environmental, sanitary and epidemiological issues; non-transparency of tourism business; social and political instability; global coronavirus pandemic; lack of effective demand, etc. The research in question has made it possible to determine such prospects for developing travel industry in the regions of Ukraine: the achievement of European and world standards for the ratio of service quality and prices for tourism services; adaptation of regulatory and legislative acts of the travel industry to the standards accepted in the European and world community; attracting investment in the tourism business; creation of an attractive tourist image of the regions and promotion of regional tourist products in the national and international tourist markets; development of the infrastructure of regional tourist markets, etc.

Research on the Coordination of Protection Coupling of Ecological Environment and Tourism Development

While tourism has become a strategic pillar industry, adding vitality to regional development, ecological and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Based on the evaluation index system of ecological environment and tourism development, the paper takes Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as an example and uses entropy weighting method to reduce the dimension of the original data. Then, the coupled coordination model is used to compare and analyse the comprehensive development index of the two systems from 2009 to 2018, as well as the development level of the coupling coordination degree between the systems. The results are as follows: (1) Ecological environment and tourism development are interrelated and mutually restricted, with positive and negative feedback. (2) The comprehensive development level of ecological environment system and tourism development system is generally on the rise. The coupling degree fluctuates between the two systems, but the coordination degree and the comprehensive development index show a trend of steady growth on the whole, which accords with the characteristics of high coupling and not high coordination. (3) Finally, according to the development of the coupled coordination model, some suggestions on future ecological environment and tourism development are put forward.

The Role of the All-Russia “People’s Front — for Russia” in Developing Civil Society in the Region

The article finds out the main directions of activity of the All-Russia social movement People’s Front For Russia (All-Russia People’s Front) in implementing principles of civil society on a regional level. The main research objectives are as follows: finding out the main activities of the All-Russian People’s Front in Russia and the Republic of Udmurt; defining the main ways of activists’ identification with civil society. The specific of Russian civil society is the enhanced state control of the ‘third sector. As a result, there emerge organizations, which identify themselves as the mediator between the state and civil society. Despite the close linkage with the state, they accumulate civic activity and exercise public control. Among these organizations is the All-Russian People’s Front. It was founded in 2011 on the initiative of Vladimir Putin. As methods of empirical analysis, the authors exploited the content analysis of websites, social network VKontakte, and semi-structured interviews with leaders and activists of the movement. The main activities of the Udmurt regional branch include addressing the following problems: housing and public utilities; constructions; improvement of territories; educational and environmental projects; youth policy, etc. Active social position, the attractiveness of the movement’s goals in solving the problems of regional development determine the activists’ motivation of being involved in the cause. They indicated the realization of principles of civil society in the framework of All-Russian People’s Front activities such as the development of civic activeness, public control, volunteering, and improving social trust. By consolidating political and public resources, the movement integrates civil society into a vertical of authority. By Representing and protecting public interests, this cause becomes an effective mediator between the state and civil society.

Вызовы для экономической безопасности регионов России в период пандемии

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to develop a methodology for analyzing regional development to identify the challenges of the pandemic, as well as the search for effective tools to ensure the economic security of Russian regions, taking into account real and expected threats. The purpose of the article is to identify the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic for the economic security of Russian regions, as well as to substantiate a set of effective measures to overcome emerging problems of regional development. The objectives of the study are: to determine the features of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the socio-economic development of regions; systematization of the pandemic's challenges for the economic security of Russian regions; development of a mechanism to ensure the economic security of Russian regions during the pandemic. The methodology of the research is based on the use of the method of systematization, the method of economic and statistical analysis, the method of comparative analysis, the method of induction and deduction, the graphical method, as well as a systematic approach to achieve the goals and objectives. Results. As a result of the conducted research, the features of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the socio-economic development of the regions of Russia are determined. The authors propose a system of indicators adapted to analyze regional development and identify pandemic challenges for regions, in particular, by introducing indicators of the sanitary and epidemiological situation. The analysis of the state of regional economic systems during the pandemic allowed the authors to identify the real and expected challenges of the pandemic for the economic security of Russian regions. Conslusions. The article proposes measures of state policy to ensure the economic security of Russian regions, taking into account the real and expected challenges of the pandemic. The obtained results develop the theoretical foundations of the study of the problems of economic security of regions, and can also be used in the practical activities of regional authorities as a methodological basis for the formation of tools for leveling threats to economic security.

On some regional policy issues

The article analyzes the criteria used to assess the level of socio-economic development in regions for their compliance with the objectives of regional policy. It is concluded that it is necessary to specify the objectives of this policy in the legislation. The author says that the existing systems for evaluating the performance of high officials and executive bodies of the constituent entities are not adapted as development goals for the region. The paper notes that for the policy of the regions, the issue of the demarcation of powers between the center and its territories is of fundamental importance. From this point of view, current trends in regional politics of the European Union and Russia are analyzed. The author makes a forecast on prospective changes in the policy of regional development and the conclusion about the need to stimulate regional competition, expand regional powers and resource base. The article proposes to make large urban agglomerations the basis for promoting a new regional policy. Also, the author touches on the question of allocating the problems of regional development into a separate block of competencies with priority powers within the Government of the Russian Federation.

Interdependence of Demographic and Economic Problems of Regional Development on the Example of Orel Region

Interdependence of Demographic and Economic Problems of Regional Development on the Example of Orel Region

Significance of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor for the Irkutsk Region and Mongolia

The paper considers the issue of implementing the Silk Road Economic Belt and especially the China-Mongolia-Russia transport corridor and its influence on the development of the Irkutsk Region and Mongolia as intracontinental peripheries. According to customs statistics, the Irkutsk Region mostly exports aluminum to the well-developed countries of the West and mineral fuel, timber, and cellulose to the East (China, Japan, and South Korea), and after increasing the throughput of railways, it will strengthen its export-resource dependence subject to the current trends. Mongolia has the same problems because the Mongolian economy has limited diversification and is strongly dependent on the extracting industry. Routes of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic belt fit the objects of the promising project “New Angarstroy” that makes the Irkutsk Region a full-fledged member of this concept. The convergence of the commodity markets of Siberia and Mongolia resulted from the shortened economic distance makes it possible to develop efficient end-use production facilities up to the creation of cross-border Russian-Mongolian territorial production complexes. On the other hand, distances are not so critical circumstances for building an innovative economy. However, the main problems of regional development within the framework of the initiative lie in the institutional and political field, i.e. the mechanisms of financing suggested in the concept of the Silk Road Economic Belt are not efficiently used in the territories of Siberia and Mongolia.

Analysis on Development Efficiency of Rural E-commerce Based on DEA in Sichuan Province

Under the background of the new era, the development efficiency of rural e-commerce is closely related to the context of rural revitalization. As a big agricultural province in China, Sichuan Province has actively developed rural e-commerce in recent years. Based on the two-year field survey data, government website data, select talent reserve, logistics construction, policy support as input indicators, e-commerce development level, poverty alleviation effect as output indicators, the DEA analysis method is used to analyze the problems of regional development of rural e-commerce in Sichuan, such as imbalance, unreasonable input resources, etc. Based on this, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the development of rural ecommerce talents, the matching of capital injection and demand, and the orientation of rural e-commerce in order to provide reference for the development of rural e-commerce in Sichuan counties.

Financial innovations in testing the mechanism of environmental insurance at industrial enterprises in Russia and the world

The article provides an assessment of the development of the innovative mechanism of environmental insurance in the world and in Russia, identifies the main problems of regional development, and suggests a set of organizational and regulatory innovations for the introduction of the environmental insurance market. The article identifies the features of the implementation of environmental risk insurance in Russia and in the world and identifies the need to determine the key factors and indicators of sustainable development of the environmental insurance market. As a result, of the conducted research, a set of requirements for insurance companies planning to introduce the mechanism of imputed environmental insurance into their business processes is proposed. The financial and economic instruments for stimulating the greening of the economic activities of Russian industrial enterprises are justified.

КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИСТИЧНО-РЕКРЕАЦІЙНОЇ СФЕРИ РЕГІОНУ

The purpose of the article is to analyze approaches to the concept of development in the context of its adaptation to the recreational and tourist sphere of the region. Regional development of tourism and recreation has its own structural and functional aspects, which are justified in the article. Method. The study was conducted in stages. At the initial stage, the problem was posed. The next stage was the accumulation of scientific information on the problems of methodological approaches to the development of tourism and recreation at the regional level. Then the information was processed using the following methods: comparative, statistical, analysis, synthesis, correlation, scientific systematization. Then there was a systematization of processed information and scientific substantiation of research results. Results. The results of our study can be expressed in several aspects: scientific, organizational, functional and practical, systematization. From the point of view of the scientific aspect, we conducted a search and analysis of the literature on development issues at different levels of the organization of territorial and spatial and socio-economic systems. Therefore, the subject-subject nature and purpose of regional development are determined. It is established that the regional development of the tourist and recreational sphere at the present stage is aimed at competition for the consumer of relevant services, greening, socialization in the context of job creation, living comfort. Organizational and functional-practical aspects of the study are reduced to the possibility of taking into account different types of development of tourism and recreation in the region depending on the available resource and infrastructure component, historical aspects of management, tactical and strategic prospects, geographical, socio-economic situation of the region. The systematization aspect is based on the attempt to systematize approaches to understanding development and their adaptation to the development of tourism and recreation at the regional level. The scientific novelty. The systematization of signs and types of development of the tourist and recreational sphere of the region is carried out. The subject-subject essence, and also the purpose and tasks of regional development are defined. The practical significance. The classification will help to structure information on development problems by certain features and types, to determine the priority in the formation of strategic documents for optimal planning of the development of tourism and recreation in the region. The results of the study will help increase the efficiency of innovation management in the tourism and recreation sector at the regional level. The key argument for this is that the main problem of regional development is the choice of modern regulatory strategy and tools for the implementation of management activities in the tourism and recreation system of the region as a priority area of regional economy.

Региональный подход к классификации инфраструктуры

The relevance of studying the issues of infrastructure classification is due to the problems of regional asymmetry of Russian regions and the need to assess their infrastructural potential, identify infrastructural facilities that meet the needs of organizations of both the region and territorial entities of different levels. In connection with the processes of changing technological structures, the intellectualization of the economy, the formation of approaches to assessing the educational and scientific and educational infrastructure of the region becomes relevant. The purpose of the article is to describe the regional approach to the classification of infrastructure, as well as to substantiate the influence of educational infrastructure on the development of the economy. The analysis of existing approaches to the definition of the concept of «infrastructure» and its classification is applied. The proposed classification is based on the idea of structuring the infrastructure in accordance with the requests of researchers of the regional economy and the needs arising at different levels of state and corporate governance. As a result of the study, a regional approach to the classification of infrastructure objects was proposed. The advantages of this approach are described. A hierarchical structuring of infrastructural potential based on the identification of different regional levels is proposed. Based on the application of the stakeholder approach with identifying the list of users of the infrastructure object, the following types of regions were identified: «regions — infrastructure donors» and «regions — infrastructure recipients». The argumentation of the thesis «educational infrastructure is an industrial infrastructure» is given, which is based on the analysis of indicators included in the methods of assessing the innovative development of the economy; analysis of the parameters used by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia for forecasting the rate of economic growth; analysis of the potential of higher education as an important element in the development of the knowledge economy. The approaches of researchers to the concept of «scientific and educational infrastructure» are analyzed and the author’s approach to the analysis of the regional potential of scientific and educational infrastructure as an element of the industrial infrastructure of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is proposed. The materials of the article can be used by researchers of regional development problems, heads of organizations and government bodies for structuring infrastructure facilities in the region, identifying the infrastructural potential of individual facilities, highlighting objects of scientific and educational infrastructure. Key words: regional economy, classification of infrastructure, higher education, infrastructure potential of the territory, scientific and educational infrastructure.

ФІНАНСОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ В СИСТЕМІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНИХ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ

UDC 336:338; JEL Classification: R 13 Purpose. The aim of the study is to improve the system of application of financial instruments in the processes of increasing the competitiveness of industry, regulation and stabilization of regional industrial and economic development. Research methodology. To achieve this goal, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the work, which were used in the study of the current state of use of financial levers to stimulate the industry of the regions. Findings. The system of financial tools for ensuring the competitiveness of industry and intensifying the development of regional industrial complexes is studied in the work. The mechanisms of increasing the competitiveness of the region's industry in connection with the financial stabilization of the regional economy are studied. It is established that the financial stability of industrial enterprises is an equilibrium state, in which the industrial complex is able to form financial resources in sufficient quantities and ensure socio-economic development, to respond quickly to changes in market conditions. The tools and the mechanism of increase of competitiveness of the industry of regions are offered. The main problems of regional development of regions of Ukraine are summarized (uneven socio-economic development of regions, imbalance in technogenic load on separate territories, considerable volumes of primary resource consumption, orientation of separate territories on raw and processing industries, cost type of production). The existence of a direct relationship between the levels of industrial competitiveness and financial stabilization of the regions has been revealed. The complex use of financial tools to intensify the activities of industrial enterprises is proposed, the systematic application of which will positively affect the regulation and stabilization of regional industrial development. Originality. In the course of scientific research the theoretical and methodological bases of financial tools for the activation of regional industrial complexes were improved, in particular, the author's vision of the system of stabilization effects of the use of financial tools for regional industrial development was proposed. Practical value. The scope of the research results is the system of industrial management at the level of the state and regions, which can contribute to the economic development and functioning of the state at the modern level. The results can be used by state and local authorities in developing programs to stimulate and develop industrial complexes and regional economic development programs.

TRENDS FOR OPTIMIZATION OF TERRITORIAL GOVERNANCE AND MODELING OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN BULGARIA

The report reviews the existing problems of regional development through the prism of the necessary territorial changes. This article is devoted to the consideration of some territorial problems in the Republic of Bulgaria. The exhibition analyzes some of the author's views on spatial planning policies, as well as the possibility to take steps to introduce a new level of regional governance. Proposals have been made for a new structuring of the regions for planning and change in the functional structure of the settlements and respectively the Bulgarian village. Some new trends in regional development related to the spatial development of our national territory have been captured. KEYWORDS: regional development, space, territory, structure, economy, management JEL Codes: R10, R15

Legal and economic problems of improvement of the control system of the medical waste

Introduction. The article is devoted to the current problem of regional development - to the address with the waste of medical origin and the creation of a control system of medical waste as an element of internal quality control and safety of the medical activity. Functioning of a control system of medical waste and ensuring introduction in the medical organizations of progressive, cost-effective methods of hardware disinfecting of dangerous medical waste in the epidemiological relation are the priority factors forming the level of population health of the population of Russia. Safe utilization - the key direction of functioning of a system of the address of medical waste - at the same time the potential epidemiological and ecological danger determines the need of legal and financial and economic support of a control system of medical waste, both on federal, and at the regional level. Creation of environmentally friendly ways of the address with medical waste, effective management of these processes, their legal support belongs to the system of ensuring national security.Material and methods. Authors carried out the analysis of current state of the address with medical waste in a number of regions of the Russian Federation, application of an integrated approach to utilization and neutralizations of waste of this type within regional environmental policy is reasoned. Gaps of legal regulation of a control system of medical waste on the basis of the analysis of law-enforcement practice are revealed. A methodical approach is proposed, the peculiarity of which is the legal and financial justification of the territorial schemes used in the regions for the treatment of medical waste. The methodological tools of the study include statistical methods of processing data on the disposal and disposal of medical waste. Approbation of methodical tools is carried out on the example of the Moscow region.Results. The Moscow region pays close attention to the methods of medical waste management, the desire to ensure environmental safety, preventing the violation of the law in matters of disposal of medical waste. On the other hand, low satisfaction of the authorities with the pace of solving the problem of recycling, not included in the process of medical activity of health care institutions, the consequences of which may be medical waste requiring disinfection and treatment. The result of the study are recommendations of the need for interregional interaction in the field of placement and construction of complexes on processing, utilization, and neutralization of medical waste of different hazard classes.Conclusion. Authors consider the perspective direction of scientific and technological development creation of the hi-tech equipment for utilization of different types of medical waste with receiving secondary raw materials and also neutralization of extremely hazardous and highly hazardous medical waste.

Challenges of structural shifts in regional economic systems

The article highlights the challenges, causes and need for structural modernization of regional economic systems. It is established that the problem of ensuring the balance of structural proportions is not limited to the issues of stimulation positive structural transformations, but also covers the issues of deep theoretical analysis of existing trends in order to identify the prerequisites for global paradigm shifts in the economic system itself. Structural modernization of various levels systems is a worldwide problem of economic systems development. The reasons for the need for structural modernization of the regional economy are highlighted. The problems of Ukraine regional development have been clarified.

EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF MODERN REGIONAL POLICY: A MESOECONOMIC APPROACH AND THE PROSPECTS OF UKRAINE

The European experience of regional development policy is based on three basic principles: systematic, institutional, complementary. Moving away from the dichotomous position of "donor or outsider", "centralization or decentralization" to a broader platform "community-state" allows us to form a kind of theoretical starting position on the development and implementation of a set of state reforms at which a higher level of socio-economic development can be achieved. The methodological basis for studying institutional complementarity for regional development analysis may be the use of mesoeconomic analysis. It is the mesoeconomic level that can be seen as an opportunity to pass between two methodological extremes: individualism and holism. The current problems of regional development of Ukraine are caused by considerable micro- and macroeconomic constraints. The main constraints are demographic negatives, de-industrialization, high consumption of production resources, in particular, low energy efficiency, and an increased burden on debt. The most destabilizing role is played by military events in the East. The experience of combining centralization and decentralization eliminates the dichotomy and emphasizes the contradictory unity of both processes. The priority of regional policy must be to develop the scientific, technological and innovative potential of the regions. The process of dissemination of innovation must go from centralized to regional. It is important to combine state support funds with their own resources and direct them to implement regional and local development strategies, support the implementation of innovations, the development of new production, small and medium-sized businesses. An example of using a mesoeconomic approach as a theoretical compromise on centralization and decentralization is the training of higher education professionals. Reform of the emergency medical care system should also be based on the complementarity of old and new forms of organization, especially in remote areas. We consider it appropriate to use the European experience of mesoeconomic approaches to confirm the possibility of complementary development of the regions of Ukraine. Keywords: regional policy, institutional complementarity, mesoeconomics, non-uniformity, decentralization