Management Problems Research Articles

Development of a solution search method using the improved emperor penguin algorithm

The objects of the study are decision support systems. The subject of the study is the decision-making process in management problems using the Emperor Penguin Algorithm (EPA), an advanced genetic algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks. A solution search method using the improved EPA is proposed. The study is based on the EPA algorithm for finding a solution regarding the object state. Evolving artificial neural networks are used to train EPA, and an advanced genetic algorithm is used to select the best EPA. The method has the following sequence of actions: – input of initial data; – setting agents on the search plane; – numbering EPA in the flock; – setting the initial velocity of the EPA and thermal radiation of each EPA; – calculation of the position of each EPA on the total search area and its cost; – approach (attraction) of the EPA to another EPA; – changing in the trajectory of EPA movement; – selection of the best individuals from the EPA flock; – ranking the obtained solutions and sorting them; – training EPA knowledge bases; – determining the amount of necessary computing resources for an intelligent decision support system. The originality of the proposed method lies in setting EPA taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, improved global and local search procedures taking into account the noise degree of data on the state of the analysis object. The method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data processing at the level of 13–17 % due to the use of additional improved procedures. The proposed method should be used to solve the problems of evaluating complex and dynamic processes in the interests of solving national security problems

Development of a solution search method using an advanced flying squirrel algorithm

The object of the study is decision support systems. The subject of the study is the decision-making process in management problems using the flying squirrel algorithm (FSA), an advanced genetic algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks. A solution search method using an advanced FSA is proposed. The study is based on the FSA algorithm for finding a solution regarding the state of an object. Evolving artificial neural networks are used to train FSA, and an advanced genetic algorithm is used to select the best FSA. The method has the following sequence of actions. Input of initial data and setting agents on the search plane take place. After that, numbering FSA in the flock and setting the initial fitness function are carried out. Then, the quality of food in the FSA search area is determined, and the classification of trees (food sources) for FSA is carried out. The next step is the creation of new locations by FSA gliding, formation of the FSA action algorithm in the presence of a predator. After that, the FSA seasonal monitoring conditions are checked, the stop criterion is checked, and new FSA positions are generated taking into account the degree of data noise. The originality of the proposed method lies in setting FSA taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, advanced global and local search procedures taking into account the noise degree of data on the state of the analysis object. The method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data processing at the level of 21–25 % due to the use of additional advanced procedures. The proposed method should be used to solve the problems of evaluating complex and dynamic processes in the interests of solving national security problems

PENERAPAN PENGELOLAAN MANAJEMEN KELAS MELALUI PENDEKATAN GROUP PROCESS DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH 4 MALANG

Classroom management is a skill that teachers must have in deciding, understanding, and utilizing class potential to create a conducive classroom atmosphere and achieve learning goals with the aim of creating a classroom atmosphere as a comfortable place for teaching and learning activities so that learning activities can run effectively and efficiently. . Class management at SD Muhammadiyah 4 Malang uses a democratic style which can be interpreted as a leadership style with efforts to develop one's capacity as a leader by directing subordinates to always be successful, open to accepting various suggestions and criticism from subordinates and prioritizing teamwork. The purpose of this article is to (1) explain the process of classroom management and learning and (2) explain the application of the group process approach. This article explains the results of observations made by researchers at the place used as the research location. In the research process, researchers used interview techniques, documents and observations to confirm the results of research conducted at SD Muhammadiyah 4 Malang. The management process discussed in this article is implementation, application and management problems which are expected to provide insight and provide input and suggestions for educational institutions to implement and optimize their services, especially in managing classroom management and learning in their schools. Apart from that, it is hoped that this article can provide an overview of the urgency of Class Management and the application of learning management in the successful management of an educational institution or school

An Exploration of the Risk Management of Financial Derivatives in Chinese Commercial Banks

Financial derivatives are products based on the innovation of financial products, which can be used for risk avoidance, investment management, etc. In recent years, with the rapid development of the financial market, the development of financial derivatives has become more and more diversified in Chinese commercial banks, ushering in new development opportunities. This paper introduces financial derivatives, discusses the risk management of financial derivatives in Chinese commercial banks, and compares the financial derivatives of commercial banks in China with those in the United States. According to the analysis, it can be concluded that the existing problems in risk management include the lack of rational consumers in China's financial trading market, the unregulated market system, the high risk of purchasing financial derivatives products, and the internal management problems of Chinese banks. In view of these problems, three effective methods are proposed for optimization, namely strengthening the training of human resources, establishing a sound financial regulatory system, and enhancing the internal management of banks.

Adherence to treatment as an integral component of the management of patients with heart failure

The problem of rational management of patients with heart failure (HF) remains extremely relevant due to its increasing incidence and poor prognosis. Based on current guidelines, therapy for patients with HF involves systematic and long-term use of many medications, and their effectiveness largely depends on the quality of the patient’s compliance. Pharmacotherapy of older patients with HF is complicated by metabolism and the coexistence of many diseases associated with polypharmacy, which significantly reduces the response to therapy. Insufficient adherence to treatment has been proven to reduce the quality of life of patients. Currently, three HF phenotypes have been identified, depending on the left ventricular ejection fraction. However, the number of studies examining the characteristics of patient adherence in different phenotypes is limited, which requires further research. The article is an analytical review devoted to various aspects of adherence to treatment in patients with HF. The terms and concepts associated with compliance, the history of its research, the main modern approaches to pharmacotherapy of HF for different phenotypes are briefly covered. The results of a number of large clinical studies are presented, including the assessment of adherence in patients with HF and its relationship with prognosis.

Risk Management and Decision Analysis for Construction Projects

As construction projects continue to grow in size and complexity, risk management and decision analysis are increasingly becoming critical key factors in ensuring the successful completion of projects. The special nature of construction projects requires project teams to be able to comprehensively and systematically assess and deal with potential risks to ensure that the project can be completed with high quality within the scheduled time and budget. Based on analyzing the importance of risk management in construction projects, this paper discusses in depth the current situation and problems of risk management in construction projects, and puts forward countermeasures to strengthen the risk management of construction projects, so as to improve the feasibility and success of the project.

Intelligent Logistics under Artificial Intelligence and Big Data

With the development of science and technology, high-tech technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data are gradually being applied to daily life. Digitalization has become a new driving force for the transformation and upgrading of the logistics industry, and there are many problems in the current logistics market. The logistics industry has developed rapidly, but the problems of low inventory management and transportation efficiency have not been effectively solved. Research in the field of logistics should not be limited to certain aspects, but should take a holistic approach. It is very meaningful to effectively combine existing advanced technology with existing logistics, strengthen the scientific management of employees, and improve logistics efficiency. This article elaborates on the basic concept of intelligent logistics and analyzes the advantages of applying technology to logistics through scientific analysis methods, combining advanced technology with logistics can effectively avoid the shortcomings of traditional logistics, and improve management efficiency and service quality, hopes to explore and provide suggestions for the development of logistics and intelligent logistics.

Problematika Manajerial dan Kurikulum Pesantren

The education system that first appeared in Indonesia was the Islamic boarding school. In its development, Islamic boarding schools have always innovated and transformed themselves, both in terms of the content (material) taught and in terms of methods and management. However, the reality on the ground is that there are still many problems faced by Islamic boarding schools. This research aims to explore managerial problems and Islamic boarding school curriculum. In this research, library research or qualitative methods are used which refer to books and previous research. The results of the research show that Islamic boarding school managerial problems include Islamic boarding school policies being under the authority of the Kyai, the condition of students in terms of clothing, health and behavior as well as the "all mono" administrative pattern. Meanwhile, curriculum problems include providing general lessons that are less effective and a passive learning atmosphere. In conclusion, the development of science and technology creates increasingly high demands on Islamic boarding school educational standards so it is necessary to develop strategies to increase the progress of Islamic boarding schools that promise guarantees of knowledge, personality and skills.

ПРАВОВЫЕ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ГОРОДСКИХ ЛЕСОВ МОСКВЫ

The subject of the article is both legal and social aspects of the use of urban forests in Moscow among which are the destruction of urban forests, the uncertainty of the definition and status of urban forests. The article considers the question of how the urban forests of the capital of the country are used and how this correlates with legal norms and social needs of citizens.
 The concentration of population in cities is becoming a global trend. The level of urbanization is reaching higher and higher indicators every day. Living in urban agglomerations isolated from nature leads to many health problems of citizens. The task of increasing the comfort of the urban environment could be solved by arrays of urban forests. It is known that forest vegetation has a huge positive impact on human health and emotional state. However, their use does not always correspond to legal norms and the interests of citizens.
 The article aims to investigate the relationship between the state of urban forests and the level of comfort of the urban environment, to identify specific factors that negatively affect the state of green spaces as well as to analyze social opinion about the problem. The article reveals the ecological significance of urban forests: they are a place for recreation, recreation, sports, and walks, in addition, they perform an important ecological function, maintaining balance in the natural environment and improving air quality, and describes the features of the dangerous state in which they are located.
 To study the legal and social aspects of the use of urban forests, the following methods were used: analysis of legislative acts regulating the use of urban forests and the study of the practice of their application, the study of expert opinions in the field of ecology law and sociology monitoring the use of urban forests in Moscow (identification of social aspects of forest use) a survey of residents of Moscow to find out their opinion about the use of urban forests and to assess the social significance of forests for city residents, analysis of statistical data on the importance of urban forests for city residents. 
 As a result of the research legal and managerial problems were identified and practical solutions were proposed. Futhermore, it is important not to forget about the cooperation of city authorities, environmental organizations and the public in order to create an effective urban forest management system that would take into account the interests of all stakeholders and allow preserving this important resource for urban ecology and the health of residents. The results of the study can be used to develop recommendations for improving the use of urban forests, additionally for making decisions in the field of management and protection of the urban environment.
 The forest as an ecosystem located within a megalopolis is under threat of destruction. It is important that the use of urban forests is regulated by legislation and carried out within the framework of established rules and regulations. The use of Moscow's urban forests should be carried out taking into account their legal status and social significance, which will help ensure the preservation of these valuable environmental resources. The problem requires an integrated approach, including management measures, public involvement, scientific research and information campaigns. The sum of these decisions and the changes associated with them will help ensure the preservation of valuable environmental resources for future generations.

Decision-Making and its Impact on Managerial Accounting in a Peruvian Mype

Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the impact of managerial accounting on decision making in a small company in the food sector in West Lima. Theoretical framework: small companies in this sector have serious problems of administrative management, production, high talent turnover and precarious financial controls because their owners do not take into account the risks of investing in order to grow rapidly. Methodology: The study was based on a quantitative, applied, non-experimental, causal correlational, cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of the organisation's financial statements. Documentary analysis and the documentary guide were used as techniques. The questionnaire was used as an instrument. In addition, the coefficients of the structural model to clarify the impact of management accounting on decision making will be used for hypothesis testing. In order to consequently establish the goodness-of-fit indicators of the structural model to establish the degree of incidence between the variables. This will be achieved by using the statistical software Amos V.20. Results: Managerial accounting has a significant and positive impact on decision-making in a small company in the food sector in West Lima, since the observed significance 0.000 is less than the theoretical significance 0.05 and positive or direct since the value of the standardised coefficient is 0.893, from which it is concluded that managerial accounting contributes 89% to decision-making. Conclusions: The impact of managerial accounting on decision making and the contribution of each dimension was observed. the financing decision contributes 86% to decision making, the decision on risk contributes 84%; and, the decision on profitability contributes 93% in decision making. In addition, the contributions to the decision-making dimension are shown as; infringing 80%, intolerant 87% and distrustful 94%. Originality/value: Decision-making is of vital importance in every company as it helps management to make good choices.

Application of the Rapid Application Development Model to a Web-Based Library Information System

This study aims to overcome several problems in library management at SMA Negeri 7 Tambun Selatan by designing and developing a web-based library information system using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method. The background of the problem includes the use of information technology, which is still limited in the library, so the process of recording, borrowing, and returning books is still done manually and takes a long time. In addition, the lack of an effective book search system is also an obstacle to using library collections. This research identifies these problems and formulates aims and objectives to create the right solution. In order to achieve this goal, the research method used involved data collection techniques, such as direct observation in the library, interviews with librarians, and a literature study to obtain relevant information. The result of this research is a web-based library information system that includes managing data on borrowing and returning books, book data, book category data, fines data, and making library data reports. This system allows librarians to record borrowing and returning books more efficiently, as well as facilitate students and staff in finding the desired book quickly and accurately through the search feature provided.

Reinforcement Learning Methods and Algorithms for Modeling Individual Trajectories of Professional Development

Corporate human capital is one of the most important drivers of sustainable economic growth that is becoming increasingly important under changing nature of work. Due to the expansion of various areas of human activity, an employee portrait is getting multifaceted. Therefore, the problem of human capital management based on the individual trajectories of professional development, aimed at increasing the labor efficiency and contributing to the growth of he corporate operational efficiency, is relevant, timely, socially and economically significant. The paper proposes an approach for the dynamic regimes for human capital development (DRHC), to design individual trajectories for the employees professional development, based on reinforcement learning methods. The DRHC develops an optimal management regime as a set of programs aimed at developing an employee in the professional field, taking into account their individual characteristics (health quality, major and interdisciplinary competencies, motivation and social capital). The DRHC architecture consists of an environment — an employee model as a Markov decision making process and an agent — decision making center of a company. The DRHC uses Double Deep Q-Network algorithms to maximize the agents utility function. The implementation of the proposed by DRHC policies would enhance the corporate HC quality, improve its resource efficiency and ensure the performance growth

“Lies My Teacher Told Me”

AbstractA major problem in collections management is the lack of training about collections in all facets of archaeology. Ignorance about both ethical obligations and practical steps associated with collections is arguably the leading contributor to the ongoing curation crisis. This work summarizes shortcomings in collections training in academia and in cultural resource management, and it proceeds to identify some steps that can be taken to provide training for students and professional archaeologists. The overriding argument is that more training in all aspects of collections is absolutely essential to addressing and beginning to mitigate the overwhelming problems the discipline faces in caring for archaeological collections.

Enhanced thermal conductivity of electrically insulating polydimethylsiloxane composites with boron nitride nanosheet and aluminum oxide for thermal management on flexible electronics

AbstractWith the trend of integration and miniaturization of stretchable electronics, thermal management has been a crucial issue. Developing novel materials with high thermal conductivity (TC) and flexibility is urgent. Herein, we report a stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS)@spherical aluminum oxide (Al2O3) composite with high TC and electrical insulation prepared by a two‐step strategy of sucrose‐template and hot‐pressing. An effective foam‐pressing route benefits the composites to form a three‐dimensional thermally conductive networks, improving the in‐plane TC value of the resultant composite to 4.03 W/(mK) at the filler mass fraction of 35.7 wt% and enhancing to 4.66 W/(mK) under 40% stretching ratio. Meanwhile, the composites can be restored to their former state and retain thermally conductive stability with repeated bending and twisting tests. Moreover, the composites were applied in LED with stretching, exhibiting good heat dissipation performance. These results demonstrate this PDMS composite can be potentially utilized as a high‐performance material to solve thermal management problems in flexible electronics.Highlights The heat conduction network is prepared by sucrose‐template and hot‐pressing. BNNS@P‐Al2O3 fillers are self‐assembled via the electrostatic interaction. The composites exhibit good thermal conduction and superior flexibility. The thermal conductivity of the composite increases after stretching. The composites can retain thermal conductive stability after deformation.

The place of the higher education system in the innovation sphere in solving the problem of staffing the innovative economy. Part II

This article continues the study of the Innovation sphere role in the higher education system for innovative economy personnel training. It is devoted to the problem of the network project-based learning development within the framework of the entrepreneurial university model implementation. The core of the problem is development of entrepreneurial competencies in technical universities to promote technological startups through usage of expertise acquired by the Innovation students. The following article, as well as the previous one, is based on Basadur simplex method to find a range of factors which contribute to the solution of non-standard management problems. Identification of barriers to interaction is the most important factor in the development of a successful collaboration. Barriers of insufficient acquaintance with a partner, or low innovation susceptibility to the collaboration, are considered serious. The purpose of the study is to determine the external factors of innovative susceptibility to network interaction by universities that provide innovations. Low demand in the labour market is said to be the main barrier to the innovative susceptibility towards an innovation manager. There is no standardisation of his activity under the conditions of a high role of the Russian labour market regulation aspect. As a result, the author’s vision of key requirements set for the development of professional innovation standards is proposed to promote the innovation manager and increase innovative susceptibility of the market to his qualification level.

Haar wavelet approach to study the control of biological pest model in Tea plants

n this study, we consider a novel approach called the Haar wavelet collocation method (HWCM) toexamine the mathematical model of pest propagation in tea plants and how biological enemies might controlthem. This model is in the form of a system of coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). When studyingthe system, we consider tea plants, pests that harm the plants, biological enemies that are their reasonablecompetitors of pests, self-reproduction of the tea plants, natural death of pests and natural enemies, etc. Byturning the Mathematical model into a system of non-linear algebraic equations, we use the properties ofthe Haar wavelets. The opted method can solve the biological pest management problem in tea plants. Thevalues of the unknown coefficients are recovered using the collocation method and Newton Raphson method.The Mathematica program acquires the numerical results, nature, and uniformity. The acquired findings showthat the current method is more accurate than those indicated in tables and graphs.

Health-conscious deep reinforcement learning energy management for fuel cell buses integrating environmental and look-ahead road information

The escalating level of vehicle electrification and intelligence makes higher requirements for the energy management strategy (EMS) of fuel cell vehicles. Environmental and road conditions can significantly influence the power demand of the load, thereby affecting the lifespan and efficiency of vehicular energy systems. To ensure that the vehicle is always in optimal working condition, this study innovatively proposes a health-conscious EMS framework based on twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm for fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB). First, the environment and look-ahead road information obtained through vehicle sensors, GPS and Geographic Information System is used to establish the energy management problem formulation. Secondly, a TD3-based data-driven EMS is developed with the objective of optimizing hydrogen fuel economy, fuel cell durability and battery thermal health status. Finally, the strategy validation is performed in a developed validation environment that contains terrain information, ambient temperature, and real-world collected driving conditions. The validation results indicate that compared to the state-of-the-art TD3-based EMS, the proposed EMS can improve battery life by 28.02 % and overall vehicle economy by 8.92 %.

Bicycle Sharing Demand Analysis and Operation Community Division based on Riding Spatial-Temporal Data -Taking Beijing as an Example

Under the background of vigorously building sustainable cities, shared bicycles have developed rapidly, and some operation and management problems have gradually become prominent. In recent years, the research based on spatial-temporal big data of shared bicycles mostly focuses on the analysis of hotspots in time and space, and the current management of shared bicycle is mostly divided into operating communities by administrative divisions. The construction of bicycle operation management is not carried out in combination with the characteristics of spatial-temporal data and actual needs. Based on the shared bicycle order data in Beijing, this paper analyzes the basic spatial and temporal characteristics of shared bicycles, and uses geographically weighted regression model to analyze the impact of various types of built environments on the demand distribution for shared bicycles. Finally using Fast Unfolding algorithm to identify communities with close demand for shared bicycles. The study finds that the overall utilization rate of bicycle resources is currently low, and various types of POIs have different ranges and degrees of impact on parking demand, as well as the division of bicycle communities does not fully coincide with administrative divisions. This study helps to understand the overall demand and impact characteristics of shared bicycles, provides a basis for the development of differentiated strategies for the delivery, management, and scheduling of shared bicycles, and helps urban managers to optimize the design of the shared bicycle system.

Rapid coastal erosion, its dynamics and cause – an erosional hot spot on the southern Baltic Sea coast

Coastal erosion is one of the major problems in coastal management. To adapt to it, and prevent it where possible and needed, it is important to recognize the temporal and spatial scale of the phenomenon as well as its causes. This paper describes the rapid erosion rate along an approximately 2.25 km stretch of the southern Baltic coast. The erosion occurs within a nature reserve, which is not subject to direct anthropogenic impact. Historical maps and modern remote sensing were used to trace changes in the shoreline position from 1875 to the present, and detailed DTMs derived from airborne LiDAR were used to trace elevation changes of the beach and dunes over the past years. The weighted maximum annual erosion rate since 1875 averages 2.3 m. An increase in this annual erosion rate has been observed since the turn of the millennium. The maximum average erosion rate from 2001 to 2005 was 15 m/year. The erosion has caused serious changes in elevation within the inland part of the coastal zone, manifested by a reduction in the width of the beach and a decrease in the height of the beach and dunes.

The role of competitive intelligence in achieving participatory management within sports organizations

Competitive intelligence is a process carried out by the institution to acquire, process, and distribute information related to competition and market. Its importance lies in the information and the knowledge collected by the organisation about its competitors. This study aims to determine the nature of the relationship between competitive intelligence and participatory management. We used a random sample of employees in the Directorate of Youth and Sports Foundation - Tebessa, Estimated at 40 employees, and to collect data, we used the questionnaire and analyzed it through the statistical program SPSS. We found that competitive intelligence provides information and data about the organisation's external environment and keeps it abreast of development, prosperity, and growth. It has an effective role in the process of evaluating competitors and thus reduces competitive surprises. The importance of participatory management lies in allowing employees to develop their skills and talents by facing the management's problems.