Method For Solving Problems Research Articles

Deep clustering framework review using multicriteria evaluation

The application of clustering has always been an important method for problem-solving. In the era of big data, most classical clustering methods suffer from the curse of dimensionality and scalability issues. Recently, deep clustering models have garnered more attention due to their capabilities in dealing with complex, high-dimensional, and large-scale datasets. They offer intriguing perspectives owing to their outstanding representative capacity and fast inference speed. The remaining major problem in clustering scenarios with high-dimensional data revolves around determining an appropriately compressed representation that semantically preserves cluster structures. Without labels, defining an objective function to encourage a suitable representation becomes a critical question. After several years of stagnation, impressive results have been achieved in the last two years. This paper proposes a comprehensive and up-to-date review of deep clustering methods. We first introduce the basic concepts shared by several deep clustering algorithms, available network architectures, and optimization strategies. Then, a detailed review is presented for each family by analyzing their most representative algorithms. These algorithms are then assessed based on their classification accuracy and from a multi-criteria perspective to aid investigators in selecting the most appropriate solution. Finally, an overview of the diversity of tasks and application domains is provided, and current issues and challenges are discussed.

Interrelation of urban farming and urbanization: an alternative solution to urban food and environmental problems due to urbanization in Indonesia

Urbanization is the process of increasing the population migrating to urban areas, and urban farming is a farming practice carried out within the city. Both concepts have significant impacts on urban life and the environment. This research aims to analyze the interrelation of the positive impacts of urban farming and the negative impacts of urbanization. The analysis focuses on food and environmental aspects as alternative problem-solving methods in the cities of Bandung, Denpasar, and Palembang. This research uses qualitative method. Data collection uses field interview techniques with 30 informants, as well as a review of several scientific articles, previous research results, and reports from data-providing agencies such as the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman Model, with the stages of reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis show that there is an interrelation between the positive impacts of urban farming and the negative impacts of urbanization in the cities of Bandung, Denpasar, and Palembang. In terms of food aspect, urban farming can provide various types of easily accessible food for urban dwellers, such as vegetables, fruits, fisheries, and small-scale livestock. The food produced is relatively close to residential areas, so the quality is still fresh and healthy and the price is affordable as well. In the environmental aspect, urban farming can optimize the use of limited or vacant land in residential areas into productive land, such as for green spaces, farming activities, gardening, fisheries, and livestock. Other functions include enhancing the beauty of the environment, reducing household waste, and preserving organism biodiversity.

How can we generate ideas for a project event and how is this process experienced? Delving into students’ learning experiences and perceptions of usefulness in an idea and concept development process

This study demonstrates ways of teaching creative methods in order to generate ideas for a project event and reveals project management students’ learning experiences and perceptions of usefulness during the process. Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight students on a project management course at a higher education institution in Norway. We provide a description and a detailed illustration of how the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) model can be used as a navigation tool in the planning and implementation of idea and concept development workshops, and how different forms of creative work methods can be used at different stages of an iterative process. The students find that using different ways of working with creative methods results in high idea generation, which is then processed into different concepts to form the basis for the content of a project event. All the students see the value of and want to use different forms of creative methods in various development projects in their workplace. Following the idea and concept workshop, several students successfully used creative methods in problem solving and development work in their organization and say that they will continue to practice using more of these working methods in different work situations.

Interrelation of cultural intelligence and problem solving method in students of different educational profile

Interrelation of cultural intelligence and problem solving method in students of different educational profile

The effectiveness of pubertal health group counseling based on problem-solving, on body image concerns and anxiety in adolescent girls: Study protocol.

Body image concerns are accepted as a pervasive problem by a large segment of society. Problem-solving counseling is one of the practical counseling techniques that mainly focuses on improving people's adaptability in stressful situations. We intend to determine the effectiveness of pubertal health group counseling based on problem-solving on body image concerns and anxiety in adolescent girls. A semi-experimental study will be conducted on 12-13 years old students in Babol (Mazandaran, Iran). One hundred people were determined as the final Sample size (50 people in each group) and will be selected to enter the study. A multistage sampling method will be used. The students of the intervention group will receive the necessary training in the problem-solving method regarding pubertal health, once a week for six weeks. Students in the control group will not receive education during the intervention period. Sociodemographic questionnaire, Littleton's body image concern, and Zong's anxiety will be used to evaluate students' body image concerns and anxiety. Analyzes will be done by statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 25 software and a significance level of 5% will be considered. Descriptive statistics and frequency percentage will be determined for classification variables. Median, range, and mean along with standard deviations (SD) will be calculated. The Chi-square test, Repeated Measures ANOVA and ANCOVA test will be used in this study. Percentage prevalence for each categorical variable is calculated with 95% confidence interval (CI). The effectiveness of counseling based on problem-solving has been reported in various studies on adolescent puberty health concerns and common adolescent mental health problems, hence its application on girls' body image can be effective.

Widely Employed Constitutive Material Models in Abaqus FEA Software Suite for Simulations of Structures and Their Materials: A Brief Review

The structural response of masonry/concrete structures depends upon the load-carrying mechanism and subsequently deformations produced by loads carried. In masonry/concrete structures, identification of the stress/strain imposing stress conditions and strain hardening/softening makes the structural response more complicated. Elastic damage models or elastic-plastic constitutive laws are inadequate to simulate masonry/concrete response under high strain-rate loadings. Further, irreversible or plastic strain cannot be realized using the elastic damage model. Several constitutive damage models are available in the literature. In this article, a concise explanation of the functioning of different material models in the Abaqus software package has been provided. These models include concrete damage plasticity for concrete and masonry, traction separation constitutive laws for brick-mortar interface, Hashin's criteria for CFRP, Johnson-Cook plasticity for steel, and crushable foam plasticity hardening for metallic foams. Researchers frequently utilize these models for numerical simulations and modeling of infrastructural elements and their respective materials when subjected to various structural loads. Besides, this paper presents a discourse on problem-solving methods and a comparison between explicit and implicit analysis. The research provides valuable input to researchers and practitioners in the field of structural engineering for an in-depth understanding of the functioning of Abaqus' pre-existing material models.

Mathematical Critical Thinking Profile Of Students On Pisa Framework Space And Shape Content Questions Reviewed From Self-Efficacy

The critical thinking skills of students in Indonesia are still low. This is attributed to teachers emphasizing solving mathematical problems with given formulas. Therefore, the PISA framework's space and shape content was used in this study to test students' abilities to identify similarities and differences in different objects, analyze the components of objects, and recognize different dimensions and representations. This research aims to describe and obtain students' cognitive knowledge at each stage of the mathematical critical thinking ability in working on PISA's space and shape content framework problems. The five indicators of mathematical critical thinking skills used are demonstrating problem understanding, explaining arguments according to mathematical concepts, using appropriate problem-solving methods, providing systematic modeling or explanations, and using alternative solutions in problem-solving. This qualitative research employed a grounded theory approach. Data were obtained through self-efficacy questionnaires, critical thinking ability tests on spatial geometry, and interviews. The self-efficacy questionnaire results were analyzed and categorized (high, medium, and low), with two students selected from each category as subjects. The research finding show that the indicator of using alternative solutions in mathematical problem-solving is not fulfilled in all three subject categories, which have high, medium, and low self-efficacy. Another aspect found in this study is the need for optimalization of reflective thinking for critical inquiry (contemplating) with effective communication among students or groups. This is necessary for identifying problems, detecting the correctness and errors of answers, and correcting them to draw accurate conclusions.

Purpose-centered design of rehabilitation robots: a case study of a hand exoskeleton for assessing spasticity

Hand exoskeletons offer promising solutions for hand function rehabilitation. Despite considerable research on novel exoskeleton technologies and the commercial availability of many hand exoskeletons, most hand exoskeletons can only perform motor training and assistance, rather than treatment or diagnosis of hand diseases. This limitation is also observed in other rehabilitation robots. Designing a rehabilitation robot for medical purposes necessitates the integration of existing technologies, tailored to the symptoms, clinical conditions, and management methods of the target disease. To facilitate such design, this study presents a design strategy for rehabilitation robots that assist in the therapy and assessment of specific diseases. The strategy first systematically gathers prior medical and engineering knowledge on the management of the target disease and clarifies comprehensive design requirements, including medical goals and user needs. Next, modified Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) methods are used to identify the core requirements and the optimal design scheme based on existing technical solutions. Lastly, the optimal design scheme is prototyped, tested, and refined iteratively until the product satisfies the design purpose. As an illustrative case study of this design strategy, the design of a hand exoskeleton for assessing hand spasticity is discussed. This strategy is adaptable for designing hand exoskeletons for other diseases or developing other types of rehabilitation robots, thereby extending the potential of rehabilitation robots in diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Review of problem solving methods for simultaneous localization and multi-object 3D tracking by using technical vision

A review of existing approaches to the development of reliable visual localization systems in dynamic environments is carried out. Two schemes for solving the problem of simultaneous localization and multi-object 3D tracking, based on motion information and semantic information, respectively are described. Existing approaches to the problem of motion segmentation are briefly reviewed. Classic options for solving this problem are listed and their advantages and disadvantages are enumerated. Keywords visual localization, multi-object 3D tracking, motion segmentation, semantic information

"A Somewhat Remarkable Letter": Chambers, Poe, Whitman, Thoreau, and the Invention of the Prose Poem in Antebellum America

ABSTRACT: This essay explores the far-reaching influence on antebellum American literature of the January 1845 publication of Robert Chambers's anonymous Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation , the first fully articulated exposition of evolutionary theory to appear in English. In Explanations , published in New York in 1846, Chambers replied forcefully to his scientific and theological critics and then correctly claimed that his work represented nothing less than a complete conceptual revolution, not only in science but in our understanding of the nature and purpose of existence itself. Focusing on Poe, Whitman, and Thoreau, this essay argues that Vestiges provided not only essential subject matter for these writers, but also provoked each to develop a productive set of heuristics, or open-ended methods of problem-solving. The revolutionary moment sparked by Vestiges led each to engage in a rethinking of the nature and purpose of literature and to develop stylistic innovations that came to change the direction of American literature itself.

Rural Revitalization Enabled by Traditional Culture – A Case Study of Chenghe Willow Weaving

Under the general acceptance of the concept of cultural self-confidence, the proposal of the protection policy of traditional cultural heritage, the cultural background of the trend of traditional Chinese culture and the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization initiative in China in recent years, this paper combines the promotion of provincial intangible heritage Chenghe willow weaving technology and the development of related industrial chains to promote rural revitalization and development of specific cases. By analyzing the problem solving methods and the highlights of cultural promotion in the development process of Chenghe Willow weaving, this paper summarizes the organic methodology of China’s rural revitalization and the collaborative development of traditional culture in the current era.

Accelerating human-computer interaction through convergent conditions for LLM explanation.

The article addresses the accelerating human-machine interaction using the large language model (LLM). It goes beyond the traditional logical paradigms of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) by considering poor-formalizable cognitive semantical interpretations of LLM. XAI is immersed in a hybrid space, where humans and machines have crucial distinctions during the digitisation of the interaction process. The author's convergent methodology ensures the conditions for making XAI purposeful and sustainable. This methodology is based on the inverse problem-solving method, cognitive modeling, genetic algorithm, neural network, causal loop dynamics, and eigenform realization. It has been shown that decision-makers need to create unique structural conditions for information processes, using LLM to accelerate the convergence of collective problem solving. The implementations have been carried out during the collective strategic planning in situational centers. The study is helpful for the advancement of explainable LLM in many branches of economy, science and technology.

Predicting the level of resilience of adults aged 25-65 relation to the elderly according to their interpersonal problem-solving methods.

Elderly home caregivers are among the first and most important people involved in elderly care. Since the process of caring for the elderly affects the mental, physical, and life conditions of the caregivers, it is of utmost importance to study interpersonal problem-solving methods and the role they play in the resilience of caregivers. In this regard, the study was conducted to predict the resilience of adults aged 25-65 years compared to the elderly according to their interpersonal problem-solving methods. This is a descriptive correlational study. Two-hundred and sixty-two adults aged 25-65 living in Iran in different genders, marital status, majors, and occupations participated in this study. The data obtained from responding to questionnaires of resilience and interpersonal problem solving of respondents were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression correlation coefficient. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between resilience and some problem-solving methods (frankness and transparency, realism, exposure, sympathy, pursuit and challenge, and incentive agreement) of elderly home caregivers. According to the result of linear regression, among the respondents' interpersonal problem-solving methods, realism was the only predictive variable for resilience (P = 0.006). That is, being more realistic is related to more resilience in caring for the elderly. Some interpersonal problem-solving methods of adults are related to their resilience in caring for the elderly. Paying attention to these resilient practices and behaviors can be effective in improving the quality of care for the elderly and reducing their difficulties. The results of this study can be used in long-term and practical planning for elderly home caregivers.

Interplay between Media and Player Engagement: A Study of Media’s Effect on the World of Warcraft Gaming Experience

In the dynamic realm of online gaming, sustaining player engagement and immersion within a virtual environment is paramount for both the player community and game developers. World of Warcraft (WoW), a prominent massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG), has experienced considerable evolution since its inception in 2004. As gaming technologies advance and player expectations shift, a variety of media platforms, such as forums, social networks, and streaming services, have surfaced, playing a pivotal role in augmenting the WoW gaming experience. This study delves into the impact of different versions of WoW on the players' content experience, focusing on how these media platforms influence player engagement, communication strategies, and problem-solving approaches. Employing qualitative research methods, particularly in-depth interviews, this paper weaves a comprehensive narrative that sheds light on the intersection of technological evolution and gaming experiences. Our findings indicate that the specific version of WoW plays a critical role in shaping player interactions and problem-solving methods. The Classic WoW iteration fosters a sense of community and interaction, necessitating collaboration and the use of external resources. In contrast, Modern WoW has streamlined gameplay mechanics, thereby reducing the emphasis on collaborative efforts and the role of community within the game. This research underscores the fluid nature of social dynamics within the game, evolving in response to the changing preferences and expectations of the player base.

북한이탈주민과 남한주민 간의 갈등대처방식에 영향을 주는 요인에 관한 연구: 상호문화역량의 영향을 중심으로

The purpose of this study was to understand the conflict experiences and conflict management styles encountered by South Korean and North Korean defectors in the community and to explore alternatives for social integration. We analyzed that the relationship between North Korean defectors and South Korean residents, including conflict experiences, coping types in neighboring and social life areas, and intercultural competencies. It was found that North Korean defectors were more aware of conflicts than South Korean residents. It was confirmed that both South and North Korean residents predominantly chose the problem-solving method as one of the conflict management styles, while North Korean defectors favored the dominating method more than South Koreans. The conflict management style of the dominating method was influenced by the comfort of relationships, language and cultural differences, and the mutual respect capabilities of cultural competencies. The problem-solving method was influenced by conflict management, respect, and reflection capabilities amidst cultural differences and intercultural competencies. Based on these research results, a proposal was formulated for a detailed application of intercultural competencies in social welfare practice to enhance social integration and a specific approach for a resident awareness improvement program.

중학생의 민주적 의사소통 수행 수준별 특성 분석

This study aims to investigate how different levels of student performance are distinctively characterized in a scenario-based democratic communication assessment, applying a series of text-mining analyses. Responses written by 543 middle school students were categorized into higher, middle, and lower levels according to their scores, and the performance characteristics of the groups were compared. The main findings are as follows. First, the keyword frequency analyses showed that words describing the problem situation in the scenario were frequent at the lower level, while words describing methods and procedures for solving the problem were frequent at the upper level. Second, as a result of keyword network analysis, words describing the situation were loosely connected at the lower level, while words describing the principles of problem solving showed higher centrality. Third, the topic modeling analysis showed that at the lower level, the presented problem situation emerged as a latent topic, while at the upper level, mutual respect and problem solving methods emerged as latent topics. Finally, we discuss the usefulness and future challenges of using text mining techniques to scrutinize qualitative differences in student performance in constructed response questions.

RUH SAĞLIĞI ve GEZEGEN SAĞLIĞI

Aim: While the mental health burden of the COVID-19 pandemic is turning into a public health problem, the global dimension of the problem makes it necessary to address the issue in the context of planetary health for a solution. The goal of this study was to examine the contents and challenges of managing mental health issues at the planetary health level during COVID-19. 
 Method: The bibliographic method was used. Theses were searched by searching YOKSIS and PubMed for reviews with the keywords "mental health, planetary health, and COVID-19."
 Results: In the search made in June 2021, from 2018 till 27.02.2022; 19 related articles have been found. The most proportion of published reviews was about patients’ mental health via telehealth; only three of the reviews were about healthcare workers. Two of the researches were excluded because they were not reviewed. The same keywords are used for searching among the thesis of YOKSIS, only one research was found about fuzzy cognition maps and decision making. 
 Conclusions: Research on managing mental health problems and planetary health during pandemics in the family medicine discipline is far from providing sufficient literature diversity. Advances in data analytics and information technologies are opening up new medical clinical problem-solving methods. In order to measure the effects of the COVID-19 pandemics and to establish global well-being and higher planetary mood in the future, research at the level of the individual, society and planet are required.

교직과목에서 PBL 활용에 대한 예비교사의 인식과 문제해결방안 도출에 관한 연구

Objectives This study examined to explore what kind of experiences and perceptions pre-service teachers had after applying problem based learning (PBL) to the teaching subjects. In addition, this study tried to verify what the pre-service teachers' specific problem solving skills were and how they evaluated the participation of themselves and their peers.
 Methods In the study, 99 pre-service teachers participated, and they brainstormed on topics that could occur in the educational field in problem based learning (PBL), and created problem scenarios based on the contents derived from this. The pre-service teachers formed a group based on a topic of high interest among these scenarios and performed according to the stages of problem-oriented learning (PBL). In this process, reflection journals, self-evaluation, and peer evaluation data were collected for each scenario. Qualitative data was analyzed based on reflection diaries, and descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, and standard deviation based on self-assessment and peer evaluation were conducted.
 Results The experiences and perceptions that pre-service teachers gained through problem-based learning (PBL) had both positive and negative aspects. Looking at the problem-solving methods derived from the scenarios by pre-service teachers, they did not yet have teaching experience, so they talked about ideas that were difficult to apply to the field, but realistic solutions were derived. Third, it was found that pre-service teachers rated peer evaluation higher than self-evaluation.
 Conclusions By using problem based learning (PBL) in the teaching subjects, we were able to derive prospective teachers' sense of reality, and problem solving, at the same time, practice their role as techers while immersing themselves in problem scenarios, and encourage reflective reflection.

Factors Affecting the Implementation of Nursing Care Plans in Patient Care

Abstract: Background: Nursing Care Plan (NCP) is used in practice as a systematic and scientific problem-solving method to determining the care needs of individuals. There is lack of research on factors affecting regarding utilization of nursing care plan in patient care. Objective: The objective of this study were to evaluate the implementation of the nursing process and to determine the factors that may influence the implementation of the nursing process. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a private hospital during February to June, 2023. The study protocol was reviewed and approved. Permission from institutional heads was sought. Informed consent was obtained before data collection. Simple random sampling method was employed. The data were collected with structured questionnaires whose responses were rated on Likert scale. Data were coded and analyzed using SPSS v25.0. Result: A total 108 nurses participated in the study. Study findings revealed 89% of the nurses were female nurses and 82% possessed diploma in nursing. The knowledge 50.5%, confidence 50.9% and willingness 54.2%, were at borderline good level. Whereas, assessment and diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation, and nurses’ views about nursing care planning implementation were at < 50% as poor. There was a moderate positive correlation between knowledge and implementation R-Value 0.312 and confidence and evaluation R-Value 0.246. Barrier to implement nursing process included uncooperative patients, lack of awareness about nursing process, lack of preparedness, low satisfaction level, lack of in-service training, lack of time, and high patient flow. Conclusion: Study’s findings revealed knowledge, confidence and willingness of the nurses determine the use of nursing process in their nursing practice.

A method for recovering linear block codes over an arbitrary finite field from sets of distorted code words

The article is devoted to one of the practically important problems of information security and cryptanalysis, which consists in recovering an unknown linear block code over an arbitrary field from a set of distorted code words. This is a hard computational problem, and the known problem-solving methods are proposed only for codes over the field of two elements and are based on the algorithms for searching words of small weight in (undistorted) linear block codes.
 The main result of the article is a method for solving the problem posed, which differs in essence from the known ones and consists in recovering the desired code by solving the LPN (Learning Parity with Noise) problem, namely, recovering the solutions of systems of linear equations with distorted right-hand sides and a random equally probable matrix of coefficients over specified field. The LPN problem is well known from the Theory of Computational Algorithms and Cryptanalysis. It is equivalent to the problem of random linear block code decoding, and the security of many modern post-quantum cryptosystems are based on its hardness.
 The proposed method provides an opportunity to apply a wider class of algorithms for recovering linear block codes in comparison with the previously known methods, in particular, algorithms like BKW and also the low weight words search algorithms in co-sets of linear block codes. Moreover, in contrast to previously known ones, the complexity of the proposed method depends linearly on the length of the required code (and increases with increasing of its dimension according to which algorithm for the LPN problem-solving is applied). Thus, the basic parameter determined the complexity of recovering a linear block code is its dimension (not its length), which, in principle, makes it possible to speed up known algorithms for recovering linear block codes from a set of corrupted code words.