Waste Problem Research Articles

Mapping the position and attitudes of stakeholders towards the utilization of the black soldier fly using MACTOR Tools: A study in Depok City, West Java, Indonesia

Depok City is located between the cities of Jakarta and Bogor. The population of the city has reached more than 2,000,000 people. This has consequences on the issue of waste, especially food waste. Food waste responsible for 8–10% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. To support sustainable development, it is very important to reduce the amount of food loss. In 2019, food waste reached 931 million tons of food worldwide. Retailers and households are the biggest contributors to this waste at 13% and 61% respectively. This food waste exacerbates economic, environmental and social problems. The black soldier fly (BSF) insect (Hermetia illucens) can overcome the negative impact on the environment caused by food waste and at the same time can provide a sustainable source of protein. BSF larvae can digest food waste and convert it into biomass. However, the application of the use of the black soldier is not yet widely known in the City of Depok. For that, we need a comprehensive approach that involves various stakeholders. One of the most important elements in the successful application of the black soldier fly to the waste problems in Depok City is stakeholders mapping.

Solving Solar: How Past Policy Collides With Future Technology

This Comment discusses the importance of developing a solar waste management plan. Specifically, this Comment presents the argument that the United States should not create a large federal regulatory framework that includes expansive subsidies for solar panel recycling, but instead should invest in solar recycling technologies that offer solar recyclers the opportunity to profitably recycle junk panels. Ultimately, the federal government’s role should be limited to one of investment and support as states craft solar waste management systems that work for them.
 In support of this argument, this Comment explores the history and future of solar panel development, the current state of solar production and recycling, and the magnitude of the threat solar waste presents. Additionally, this Comment discusses how nations outside the United States are addressing the solar waste problem, the advent of new solar recycling technologies, how Congress may adapt the existing Resource Conservation and Recovery Act to include solar panels and encourage recycling of junk panels, the success story of lead-acid battery recycling, and what the solar recycling network of the future may look like.
 Ultimately, this Comment concludes that given recent advancements in recycling technology, with proper planning, encouragement, and investment from both state and federal governments, the private sector will be incentivized to recycle used solar panels without burdensome government intervention while sustaining a profitable business. Such a result will create a truly clean and renewable source of energy and relieve American taxpayers from bearing the cost of expensive solar recycling subsidy programs.

PcGC: A Parity-Check Garbage Collection for Boosting 3-D NAND Flash Performance

Garbage collection or GC running in the controller of 3D NAND flash-based solid-state disks -SSDs -plays a critical role in the performance of storage systems. SSD manufacturers have developed various garbage collection solutions based on internal data movement or IDM to mitigate the impacts of garbage collection on request latency. Due to the circuit characteristics of flash memory, existing IDM-based garbage collection strategies are restricted by the page parity during data movement: odd pages must be migrated to odd pages, and even pages to even pages. When migrating two consecutive pages with the same parity, the free page between the two migrated pages will be wasted after the migration is complete. This ever-increasing page waste problem inevitably deteriorates the storage space utilization of flash memory, thereby degrading the overall performance of 3D NAND flash-based SSDs. To address this issue, we propose a parity-check garbage collection scheme called PcGC to revamp SSD performance by alleviating page waste during garbage collection. We build a parity-check unit in PcGC to facilitate checking the parity of migrated valid pages and destination pages. According to the parity results offered by the parity-check unit, PcGC dynamically adjusts the migration order of valid pages during the course of garbage collection. In doing so, PcGC fundamentally averts page waste caused by the page parity restriction, thereby enhancing 3D NAND flash performance. We quantitatively evaluate the performance of PcGC in terms of wasted pages, storage utilization, GC counts, write amplification, and average response time. We compare PcGC against the two state-of-the-art schemes -Amphibian and TTflash. The experimental results derived from the nine real-world workload traces unfold that compared with Amphibian and TTflash, (1) PcGC curtails the number of wasted pages by up to 91.4% with an average of 53.75%, (2) cuts back the number of GC counts by up to 52.2% with an average of 11.9%, and (3) slashes average write response time by up to 77.8% with an average of 13.0%.

Pengolahan Sampah Menjadi Bahan Kerajinan Untuk Mengurangi Sampah di Masyarakat

One way to maintain environmental comfort is to prioritize and prioritize the cleanliness of the environment where you live through cleanliness, especially waste management (Khairunnisa et al., 2019; Wati et al., 2021). Waste management is an inseparable part of environmental cleanliness, because waste is basically thrown away or dumped into the environment by humans, so it can have a negative impact on the environment. (Gelbert, Prihanto, & Suprihatin, 2010). Through good waste management, we can improve environmental quality and public health and convert waste into resources (Khairunnisa et al., 2019; Suryani, 2014). Improper handling of waste problems can endanger public health aspects due to environmental pollution and aesthetic problems.

Peramalan Jumlah Sampah di Kabupaten Lombok Timur dengan Metode ARIMA dan Dekomposisi

AbstractForecasting is the science of predicting events that will occur using historical data and projecting them into the future with some form of mathematical model that aims to handle and policy in the future. In forecasting there are several methods, two of which are Autoregeressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Decomposition. ARIMA is a method developed by George Box and Gwilym Jenkins in 1970. The Decomposition Method is a method that decomposes (breaks) time series data into several patterns, namely trend, cyclical and seasonal, and identifies each of these components separately. Both of these methods can be applied in various fields, one of which is in the field of environmental health, especially data on the amount of waste. Problems related to the amount of waste in East Lombok are still a concern of the government because as the population increases and the needs of the community each year have the potential to cause waste problems. The final disposal site (TPA) in East Lombok is located in Ijo Balit, this TPA is the only one in East Lombok. The purpose of this research is to see which method is the best between ARIMA and Decomposition, and to see the forecasting results of the amount of waste entering TPA Ijo Balit from the best method. Based on the results of the analysis carried out by the Decomposition model, it gives the best performance in terms of the smallest error value so that it can be used for Forecasting and produces an RMSE value of 5201.694, a MAPE of 0.955827 and a MASE of 0.0129691. The results of forecasting using the Decomposition method are that the highest forecast occurs in December, while the lowest occurs in January with a total of 1,439,439 (tons) and 1,117,000 (tons). Keywords: Forecasting, ARIMA, Decomposition, Waste

Strategi Peningkatan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Program Kang Pisman Di Kota Bandung

Community participation is an integrated part of collaborative governance. With collaborative governance, it can increase community participation in regional development and realize social welfare. The waste problem in the city of Bandung is caused by the low level of community participation in reducing waste in households and in the informal sector. So, a strategy is needed to increase community participation in the Kang Pisman program in Bandung City to increase public awareness in managing waste. The aim of this research is to see the strategy for increasing community participation in the Kang Pisman program in the city of Bandung by looking at 4 strategies through collaborative governance, community development, circular economy and digital-based governance approaches through waste processing. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive research type as stated by Newman (2016). The results of this research indicate that the Strategy for Increasing Community Participation in the Kang Pisman program in Bandung City is going well. The strategy to increase community participation is not only influenced by the policies of the Kang Pisman program which uses a community development approach, but there are also triggering factors from the circular economy, increasing collaborative governance and socialization using digital.

Economic Impact in Waste Recycling Activities by the Waste Bank Community Group in Tanjung Siambang, Dompak

The waste problem in Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands Province from April 29th to May 8th 2022 reached 315, 27 tons of garbage. While the waste produced by the community reached 827,570 tons and the average per day of the waste generated by the people and residents of Tanjungpenang reached 114.2 tons. The goal is to reduce the amount of garbage dumped, by the actions of the people themselves to clean up and increase revenue. The methods used are observations, interviews and documentation. This waste management can be beneficial to managers and customers as well as the surrounding community. So the conclusion of this research is that the garbage that damages the marine ecosystem nor this environment can bring benefits of economic, social, environmental value that can add to the income of Tanjung Siambang, Dompak.

HECARE: SUSTAINABILITY START-UP INNOVATION BASED ON CIRCULAR ECONOMY THROUGH PROCESSING FOOD WASTE INTO PRODUCTS WITH HIGH USE VALUE

Indonesia become a country with the largest food waste producer in ASEAN in 2021 with the amount of waste reaching 20.9 tons per year and will increase every year has a significant impact on the environment. Food waste produces methane and carbon dioxide gas compounds which result in decreased oxygen levels in the earth's atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to have special handling of the problem of food waste so that it does not increase in the future. Handling this environmental problem is closely related to the implementation of the 13th SDGs goals related to tackling climate change. Develop startups that can answer these problems can be one of the solutions, in line with this, startup companies that are part of the digital economy contribute to the digital economy as part of the digital economy contributed 4% of GDP. Therefore, it is necessary to know how to plan for the development of circular economy-based startups, identify the influence and role of star-ups, and how to take steps to design strategies to build consumer brand awareness of the Start-Up developed. The subjects of this study were respondents who were taken by random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation Afterwards, it was analyzed using qualitative methods by conducting credibility tests (time triangulation and member checks), transferability tests and dependability tests, and then the interview results were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. From the results of the research conducted, the results of HECARE Start-up planning based on a circular economy, the influence and role of HECARE in sustainable development plans, and strategies for building consumer brand awareness in supporting startup sustainability. Research on HECARE focuses on three problem formulations, consisting of how to plan in developing start-up, operating and production processes in creating products with high use value, and strategies to build consumer brand awareness in supporting a start-up that are developed. Based on this, the development of HECARE was designed which has a scope on product innovation from food waste. The development of this startup is in line with the 8th SDGs goal, namely the goal to encourage sustainable and inclusive economic growth, employment and decent work for all by being sustainably managed based on a circular economy that has not existed in previous studies.

Waste Management Design in Dusun Ngablak Rejo, Desa Gempolkurung, Kecamatan Menganti, Kabupaten Gresik

Background: Garbage is a difficult problem to control. Factors affecting the waste problem is the development of the era which is not followed by the waste management knowledge. In Kabupaten Gresik, garbage problems arise from lack of final disposal capacity and poor knowledge of the waste impact. Therefore people manage their waste by burning, stockpiling, or dumping it into rivers. Objectives: This research aims to design the waste management system in Dusun Ngablak Rejo. Methods: The type of research used was descriptive by using case sudy design. Total population of this research was about 936 people from Dusun Ngablak Rejo. Purposive sampling was used to determine the reserach subject. Results: Based on analysis using system approach and community participatory, it was found that Dusun Ngablak Rejo had enough resources to do waste management properly. Counseling, advocacy, and FGD were conducted to improve awareness of residents in managing waste. The output of the process was the community leader had been chosen to be in charge in waste management of the community. Garbage transportation system will be handled by the residents with an agreed contribution amount of Rp 7,213 per month. The driver is a people of his own with a specified schedule. Karang Taruna participates as the person in charge of contribution fee collection. In August 2017, it has implemented 220 garbage bins, wheelbarrows with 2-wheeled motor vehicles, log books for each household and garbage bank. Conclusions: Continuous evaluation and monitoring needs to be done by the leader for the sustainability of the program.

Sosialisasi Pengolahan Sampah Organik Menjadi Eco-Enzyme dan Produk Turunannya di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Bagek Kembar, Sekotong, Lombok Barat

Environmental problems, especially waste, are still an issue that has not been resolved to date. Apart from household activities, tourist activities are also a source of waste generation. Sekotong is an area in West Lomob that is starting to develop mangrove ecotourism, one of which is Bagek Kembar mangrove ecotourism. Waste management in the Bagek Kembar mangrove ecotourism area is still not available. Garbage is only collected and some is not processed and burned. This can be caused by the lack of information and learning from managers and local communities regarding the importance of waste management. One approach to overcoming this problem is by conducting waste management outreach and training to the community. The community must be involved in planning and operating waste management activities. This community service activity consists of three stages, namely the preparation stage by conducting a location survey, the second stage by holding outreach with the aim of socializing the management and processing of waste into environmentally friendly products and the final stage is evaluating the activity by assessing the effectiveness and level of community participation in waste processing. . The method used is participatory discussion and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) combined with direct practice of processing organic waste into Eco-Enzyme and Eco-Enzyme liquid soap. The activity went well and smoothly, where the community was enthusiastic during the activity with many people asking questions and actively participating during the making of Eco-Enzyme liquid soap. It is hoped that the results of this activity will increase public awareness of waste problems and public knowledge in processing the waste produced at both household and community levels. So, the community can start and take an active role in processing waste and reducing waste thrown into the environment.

Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga di Desa Dawung Kabupaten Magelang

Its was recorded that in 2019 the residents of Magelang Regency produced 580 tons of waste. This fact illustrates that waste is still a problem in Magelang Regency, including in Dawung Village. Waste management with the principles of reduce, reuse and recycle (3R) offers a solutiom to alleviating waste problems. howwver, its implementation is still not optimal. The reason, not evenly distributed public insight about the discourse. Therefore, programs to strengthem communjty knowledge relate to 3R waste management and waste management into gooda with new values are interesting to implement. There are four strages of implementing this community service peogram namelu situatiok analysis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The result of the implementation of this program is that Dawung Village residents’ insights have opened up about the 3R waste managemen proses and enriched residents’ skills in managing waste into goods with new value.

Transformation of Local Government Technical Management Unit Waste Management Implements Regional Public Service Agency to Overcome Waste Problems in Indonesia

Financing in local governments is an important point in dealing with the waste problem in Indonesia. Converting waste into goods or materials that can be used in other forms is a solution to the waste problem. At the Bagendung Cilegon TPSA, waste can be processed into solid jumputan fuel which is a companion fuel to coal, of course this process requires quite a lot of capital and operational costs, while regional budget funding will not be sufficient. So it requires a financing scheme outside the regional budget but still one chain of command of the regional government, the Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD) which is the best choice to overcome financing problems in the region. By implementing flexible BLUD, you can overcome various problems at UPTD related to financial governance, one of which is financing. In the UPTD transformation to implement BLUD, there are several requirements that must be met, namely: substantive requirements, technical requirements and administrative requirements. These three conditions must be met which will then be reviewed by the regional government assessment team. In this research, it was conducted qualitatively, using primary and secondary data, obtained by in-depth interviews and data collection and documents, there were 8 informants from the regional government, environmental services and UPTD TPSA Bagendung, Cilegon city. The aim of this research is to understand the process of transforming UPTD into UPTD BLUD, how to fulfill all requirements and understand the commitment of all relevant stack holders to changes in BLUD policy. UPTD BLUD will have a lot of flexibility in managing revenue so that it is hoped that TPSA waste processing operations can run according to government targets. In the formation of BLUDs, there is autonomous regional government participation and policy which greatly influences whether or not BLUDs are formed in a region. Commitment and understanding of BLUDs is very important so that harmonization occurs in all lines of regional government

INISIASI KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT PENGELOLA SAMPAH ORGANIK DENGAN BUDIDAYA MAGGOT BSF (BLACK SOLDIER FLY) DI PADUKUHAN DUKUH, SINDUHRJO, NGAGLIK, SLEMAN, D.I YOGYAKARTA

Waste is an unresolved government problem. The largest waste collection site (TPS) in Yogyakarta, TPS Piyungan, is starting to get tired of collecting waste from various corners of Yogyakarta. One of the efforts to overcome this problem, the government instructed the Waste Sorting Movement. Based on the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK), the composition of waste in Indonesia is dominated by organic waste, which reaches 57% of the total landfill. Organic waste can be processed by cultivating BSF Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens). BSF is a black fly whose maggots (larvae) can degrade organic waste. Maggots (maggots) produced from black fly eggs are very active in eating organic waste. This bioconversion process by maggots can degrade waste more quickly, is odorless, and produces organic compost, and the larvae can be a good source of protein for poultry and fish feed. Maggots have the ability to break down organic waste 2 to 5 times their body weight for 24 hours. One kilogram of maggot can consume 2 to 5 kilograms of organic waste per day. Maggots that have become prepupae and BSF fly carcasses can still be used as animal feed because they are rich in protein. The cocoons can also be used as fertilizer. This process was socialized to Sub Urban groups in the Padukuhan Dukuh, Sidoharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman areas, as a response to the unresolved waste problem. Activities are carried out by: Carrying out outreach related to waste problems and BSF maggot cultivation, Carrying out waste sorting training, Carrying out training on BSF maggot cultivation, Distribution of rubbish bins to residents (partners) as containers to accommodate organic waste, Creation of organic waste storage areas, Construction of BSF Maggot houses , Breeding activities, maintenance and harvesting of BSF maggots, Packaging of BSF Maggot products, Sales of BSF Maggot products

FAMILY PERCEPTIONS IN COASTAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN BAKALA VILLAGE, SOUTH BUNGKU DISTRICT, MOROWALI REGENCY

Bakala Village is one of eight coastal villages that cannot be separated from the waste problem. Limited amount of land available for waste management, the absence of officials handling waste management, limited access to sea transportation, the culture of throwing waste on the beach also exists in the community, the absence of a waste management agency responsible for the waste management, the absence of fees for the management of waste released by the community, both during the process of transportation, collection, and disposal of waste, and the community cannot yet be involved on its initiative, there are still indications and need advice. It cannot be denied that household participation in waste management significantly impacts the success or failure of waste management. This study analyzes households' perceptions of coastal waste management in Bakala Village. The study was conducted in July 2023 using a survey research method with a quantitative analysis approach. The sample size was 68 household heads. Descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS). The study results show that parental locus of control, distribution of parental roles, and attitude towards waste management influence the household head's perception of managing coastal waste in Bakala Village.

The Effect of Carbon on Chitosan-ZnO Composites as Fabric Mask Coating Materials

Increasing the effectiveness of cloth masks can reduce the use of disposable medical masks which creates a new waste problem. In this research, the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles was carried out using the precipitation method through the reaction between zinc nitrate and phosphoric acid as one of the ingredients in the chitosan-ZnO/C composite mixture. The carbon source is obtained from activated coconut shell carbon using sodium hydroxide. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) testing was carried out to determine the phase content of the synthesized carbon powder. XRD testing was also carried out on synthesized ZnO particles to determine the occurrence of phase transformations and to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the material. Fourier Transform Infrared testing was also carried out to observe functional group bonds formed in carbon compounds. Composite materials that have been successfully made will then be tested for hydrophobicity by calculating the contact angle. The results of this study indicate that the synthetic base material has been successfully carried out and the composite has been successfully made. The highest water contact angle is 106o was found in the chitosan/ZnO composite sample with a ratio of 2:1 and a mass variation of 0.05 gr active carbon.

Removing barriers to plastic waste valorisation in Africa: Towards policies for value creation and capture in business ecosystems

AbstractStimulating plastic waste valorisation is suggested as an important way to address the growing waste problem in low‐income countries. However, policy interventions have not led to substantial waste valorisation, and the reasons for this have not been thoroughly analysed. We address this through a qualitative study of plastic waste in urban Zambia, which is representative of the policy and practice challenges in African plastic waste management. Using extensive data gathered through interviews, site visits and stakeholder meetings, we first conduct a business ecosystem analysis which provides a holistic view on value creation, capture, and destruction processes across all actors involved in the plastics lifecycle. Next, we map the barriers to value creation and capture by the system's main actors. Aggregation of these barriers reveals a low‐value trap, in which individual actors are disincentivized to increase waste valorisation activities. Finally, we analyse the reasons why policies aimed at waste valorisation have failed to break through this status quo. We find that policies have insufficiently addressed the barriers that keep the low‐value trap in place. Hence, they have not acted effectively on the root causes of systemic stagnation. By combining a business ecosystems analysis with an identification of barriers facing the individual actors in that ecosystem, our study is able to show why substantial plastic waste valorisation has not emerged despite policy incentives. Our analysis points toward concrete policy actions aimed at value redistribution and value increase, as key leverage points in the system to increase valorisation.

The Processing of Household Waste by Residents of Griya Serpong Housing Complex, Serpong Sub-District, South Tangerang, Indonesia, in Compliance With Law Number 18 of 2008 and Law Number 32 of 2018

The Waste Management Law Number 18 of 2008 mandates waste management at various levels, including producers, communities, industrial areas, traditional markets, and malls. Local government administrations in regencies and cities need to create or revise regional regulations (Perda) and design a communal-based waste management masterplan. Until now, waste management has largely been centralized, with an open dumping system at the final disposal site, which ended in 2013. There are three forms of urban waste management: centralization, decentralization, and centralization-decentralization. An ideal waste management pattern is neither purely centralized nor decentralized, but rather a combination of both. Organic Waste Management Facilities (OWMF) are established at the source of dominant waste generation (initial stage), with a recycling system similar to City Waste Management Facilities (CWMF) to support and assist in marketing the products of the OWMF established by Joint Business Groups (KUB) formed by the community, known as the "self-sustaining concept." Addressing the waste problem requires an examination of the current waste management practices to identify areas where improvements and enhancements can be made, so that only waste that truly cannot be recycled ends up in the final disposal site, such as hazardous waste (B3) that is incinerated directly. This research aims to provide a solution to the waste disposal issue, which is largely centralized in Indonesia.

Social Service Activity 'Collect Your Waste' Together in Waste Collection on Car Free Day at Slamet Riyadi Solo

Abstract : The problem of waste has not been completely resolved to date, despite many efforts, especially in large cities like Solo. The Car Free Day (CFD) activity on Slamet Riyadi Solo, which takes place every Sunday, contributes to the waste problem in Solo. The implementation of this community service focuses on collecting waste in the CFD Solo area with the goal of raising awareness among the public about proper waste disposal, making them aware of the dangers of littering, and promoting personal and environmental cleanliness. The method of implementation involves providing guidance to CFD Solo users, collecting waste together according to its type, and disposing of it properly. The approach is to encourage community members to join together in taking responsibility for the cleanliness of the CFD Solo environment. The result of this implementation is the creation of a clean and healthy environment, ensuring that all CFD Solo users feel safe and comfortable.
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 Keywords: waste, CFD Solo, clean, healthy, safe, and comfortable

INOVASI PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH DI DESA NGESTIHARJO UNTUK MENDUKUNG GERAKAN BANTUL BERSAMA

Padukuhan Tambak, Ngestiharjo Urban Village, Bantul, has a high population density and has a waste problem which is the main issue. Narrow land makes it more difficult for residents to dispose of garbage around their homes, besides that residents throw garbage carelessly, even in river basins, which causes the river to overflow during the rainy season and causes an unpleasant smell. The urgency of this PKM activity is the need to unravel and overcome waste problems to support the Bantul Bersama program, by empowering the community from the lowest level (village level). Partners in this activity are the Mitra Melati Garbage Bank Group (KBS) in Padukuhan Tambak. Priority problems faced by partners are 1) they do not understand waste management, 2) waste segregation is not optimal, 3) lack of skills in managing waste savings/alms, and 4) waste residues are not managed properly. The purpose of this PKM activity is to unravel the problems of waste management in Padukuhan Tambak, to assist partners in dealing with waste management to support the realization of the 2025 Bantul Bersama program. Keywords: Waste management, Bantul Bersama, Empowerment, Garbage Bank

Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Udang Asal Sampah Rumah Tangga Sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) di Daerah Rawamangun

Shrimp waste is one of the household waste products that has prospects as a liquid organic fertilizer (POC). The content of the macronutrient CaCO3 plays an important role in plants. Making organic liquid fertilizer can overcome odour problems that may arise due to the presence of this waste in the environment. The society service methodology used counselling and training to create POC for residents and business opportunities. Community service activities were carried out at RW 03 Rawamangun, the number of respondents was 12 people, carried out by lecturers and students of the Biology Study Program-Jakarta State University. Counselling and training on making POC from shrimp waste in RW 03 Rawamangun was able to increase participants' standing by up to 83%. The results of the training activities produced a liquid organic fertilizer product packaged in 300 mL bottles which is useful as plant fertilizer in the household. POC products can also be sold as additional income. Conclusion: P2M activities need to be carried out in a sustainable manner and help the government to overcome the problem of household waste that smells bad.