Waste Problem Research Articles

ҚАТТЫ ТҰРМЫСТЫҚ ҚАЛДЫҚТАР ПОЛИГОНЫНЫҢ ҚОРШАҒАН ОРТАҒА ӘСЕРІН БАҒАЛАУ

Abstract. The most acute issue is the disposal of solid household waste in the territory of Taraz. The city does not have a developed and modern infrastructure for their processing and disposal. Almost all waste produced at the zhasyl-El Taraz and Aldi and K landfills is placed in landfills without processing, most of which do not meet the sanitary, hygienic and environmental requirements for the placement, arrangement and operation of such specialized facilities. To solve environmental pollution, it is necessary to create a suitable waste management system. For the disposal of solid household waste, there are no garbage processing plants and unauthorized landfills.In this regard, in the near future, it is necessary to create a special technology for mass cleaning of urban and rural areas, as well as land along unauthorized landfills, fields. Currently, one of the main factors of environmental pollution is the increase in urban economic activity, which, in turn, provokes an environmental crisis. In Kazakhstan, the problem of solid household waste is very important, because only 8-9% of garbage is recycled, and the remaining 90% is stored in landfills, which causes enormous damage to the environment. And in other countries, more than half of the waste is recycled, and they also earn significant income in this area. Such an acute environmental situation in our country is complicated by the lack of environmental capacity and the lack of a legal and technological solution associated with waste management of the system. So far, the vast majority of solid waste landfills remain technologically and technically imperfect, unproductive, environmentally dangerous, inefficient and legally unsecured.The problem of Kazakhstan's landfills is associated with the burning of garbage. Keywords: Solid Waste, Landfill, thermometer, fluorescent lamps, plastic.

Creative economic assistance in Ecobricks craft empowerment reviewed from the perspective of Islamic Economics

Garbage that accumulates will cause a lot of losses for us, therefore we need Waste Management. If we are able to manage waste properly, we will get a positive impact on the environment and also benefits in the economic aspect. To overcome the problem of waste, it is necessary to make changes that view waste as a resource that has economic value and can be utilized. Which was originally just throwing garbage frivolity place changed to waste management by applying 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). One of the efforts in waste management in a good and right way is to use the Ecobricks concept which is able to reduce the amount of plastic waste that is difficult to decompose. The aim of writing this scientific work is to find out the causes of the accumulation of waste and to find solutions to the accumulation of waste in Banyuwangi Village. This research was conducted using qualitative research. This is because qualitative research methodology is a scientific research that aims to understand a phenomenon in a natural social context by prioritizing the process of in-depth communication interaction between the researcher and the phenomenon under study. One of the goals of Ecobricksing is to change habits that have not previously been a special concern in maintaining environmental cleanliness. This can be used as an opportunity and make it an alternative solution for the people of banyuwangi village in developing and improving knowledge about plastic waste management and the creativity of local residents in utilizing materials that exist in the surrounding environment that have a positive value in the lives of residents, such as utilizing plastic waste to make it a valuable product.

Collaborative Leadership in Waste Management: A Case Study of Watampone City, Indonesia

The concept and practice of leadership is continuously evolving. In public administration literature, collaborative leadership is a serious discussion and collaborative leadership is encouraged to be applied at all levels of leadership including the leadership of the Regional Head. Waste management as a very serious public problem is a challenge to modern civilisation and Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest populations in the world, producing more than 19 million tons of waste in 2022, while Watampone is one of the cities in Indonesia that certainly contributes to the waste pile. As a developing city, preventive measures must be taken before following in the footsteps of big cities that are dealing with waste problems because there is no inherent prevention. Therefore, its leadership model can be a key factor. In these terms, it is important to study waste management policy using a collaborative leadership approach. This study aims to look at the characteristics of collaborative leadership in waste management. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and data collection techniques in interviews with relevant stakeholder leaders as informants combined with documentation studies. The results show that the collaborative leadership model in waste management has a positive impact; this is because the involvement of multiple parties helps manage waste problems and share roles. The characteristics of collaborative leadership expressed by Wilson as a reference in this study show that waste management must involve many parties with the characteristics of awareness of functions, division of authority, cooperation for a common vision, and mutual trust by all operators involved. As a suggestion, waste management using a collaborative leadership approach should be conducted by clearly mapping the roles of all stakeholders involved. Another aspect that supports and strengthens waste management collaboration in Watampone City is the culture of gotong royong (mutual aid) that has been rooted in the lives of the people of Watampone City.

Permasalahan Pengelolaan Sampah Desa Tegal Sari Kel. Mandala I Medan Denai, Kota Medan

Waste is a problem that often occurs in an area, one of which is the village of Tegal Sari Mandala I. Waste management that is not complex will create a problem for the village and will require innovative solutions to overcome the problem of waste in the village. The aim of this research is to identify waste management issues and the reasons why waste cannot be managed properly by the people of Tegal Sari Village. This research method uses a qualitative approach, sampling is carried out by interviewing information identified according to their identity and problems related to the area studied. Data analysis used in data reduction research, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The main cause of the waste problem in the village is that the local community's livelihood is scavengers and this causes large piles of rubbish to be piled up by the community, lack of public awareness of managing waste or sorting waste and turning it into a craft with economic value. This research can be used as a guide for villages that have similar problems, by utilizing participatory and innovative waste management in rural areas.

Comprehensive evaluation for the sustainable development of fresh agricultural products logistics enterprises based on combination empowerment-TOPSIS method.

To solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the rapid development of cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products and improve the competitiveness of logistics enterprises in the market, a performance evaluation method of cold chain logistics enterprises based on the combined empowerment-TOPSIS was proposed. Firstly, from the five dimensions of cold supply chain capacity, service quality, economic efficiency, informatization degree and development ability, a comprehensive evaluation system of logistics enterprises' sustainable development is constructed, which consists of 16 indicators, such as storage and preservation capacity, distribution accuracy, and equipment input rate. Then, G1 method and entropy weight method are used to calculate the subjective and objective weights of the evaluation indicators, and the combined weights are calculated with the objective of minimizing the deviation of the subjective and objective weighted attributes. Finally, the TOPSIS method is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation indicators. The results show that the established performance evaluation model can effectively evaluate the performance of fresh agricultural products logistics enterprises and provide theoretical basis for enterprise logistics management.

The presence of confirmation bias in the recycling habits of individuals in Indonesia resulted in the occurrence of motivated reasoning

The complexity of Indonesia's waste problem can be attributed to the lack of awareness among the general public regarding the potential repercussions of garbage. Another element that contributes to the issue is the increasing standard of living within the community. However, there is a lack of agreement on waste management practises and a lack of community engagement in maintaining cleanliness and effective trash disposal. The data utilized in this study were collected by several methods, including direct observation, semi-structured interviews, review of secondary material, and a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. There are numerous factors that contribute to the unreasonable behaviour exhibited by respondents. The decision-making process and behavioural patterns of individuals are significantly influenced by various internal elements, particularly those of a psychological nature. The research showed that highly significant number of respondents have adequate knowledge regarding waste separation and the notion of what they should do for environmentally sound village, but 64% still burn their garbage and 76% not separating it. Various individual variables and psychological situations, such as confirmation bias, might contribute to environmentally unfriendly behaviour, despite individuals possessing adequate knowledge. Even the presence of appropriate trash disposal options may have limited impact on altering their behaviour. The subsequent topic of discussion pertains to the presence of biassed behaviour, which can significantly influence individuals' decision-making processes, particularly in relation to activities such as burning waste. While individuals may possess a cognitive awareness and express their thoughts explicitly in this regard, it is often the case that their motivations unconsciously shape their judgements, often without their own realisation. For instance, individuals who refute the degradation of their surroundings sometimes remain unaware of how their inclination towards maintaining a clean home or backyard bias their evaluation of the available in-formation they already gain. Based on the findings of the research, it can be observed that a significant proportion of individuals residing in Bendungan Village engage in the practise of waste disposal.

Critical Appraisal of Institutional Solid Waste Management: Case Study of Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

By implementing an adaptable sanitary landfill for an efficient solid waste management system any institution can reduce the risk to the environment and public health while promoting social inclusivity and urban sustainability through resource conservation and material recovery. As a result of Lead City University of Ibadan's extraordinary student growth, the university was forced to scramble to find practical solutions to its waste management problems because sustainable development and environmental sustainability are the primary goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The adaptive sanitary landfill was therefore designed on the basis of waste control, which was characterized by the presence of a liner and a leachate collection system to prevent groundwater contamination and a capping system to prevent air contamination. As a result, the management of solid waste beneath the university system was the focus of this experimental study.
 After the waste was sorted, quantified, and characterized, an experimental method was used to measure the four major liquefied gases (LFGs): carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ammonia gas (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and nitrogen gas (NH3) using a gas monitoring meter. The measurements were taken both before and after the construction of an adaptive sanitary landfill. The concentrations of liquefied gases (LFG) were measured in the morning and afternoon. Adding activated charcoal had the effect of increasing the liquefied gas production. Lastly, adding animal manures resulted in a greater liquefied gas production than when it was not added.
 In order to provide a planning mechanism for creating a cohesive, financially secure, ecologically conscious, and socially inclusive university environment through sustainable waste management, the research project aims to strengthen the basic framework for inclusive waste management through the construction of an adaptive sanitary landfill at Lead City University, Ibadan.

Exploration of the effects of electrolytic manganese residue on the environmental, economic, and engineering performance of magnesium oxychloride cement: A possible utilization method of electrolytic manganese residue

The widespread use of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) can effectively solve the waste problem in the potash industry. However, its poor water resistance limits its practical application. Electrolytic Manganese Residue (EMR), as a solid waste from manganese metal smelting, requires an effective utilization method. In this work, we have attempted to incorporate EMR into MOC after its treatment in order to improve the water resistance of MOC and increase the utilization rate of EMR. The addition of EMR to MOC increased the density of MOC. The incorporation of EMR did not significantly reduce the strength of the MOC samples. The incorporation of EMR reduced the relative content of magnesium oxide in the specimens and EMR can be used as a source of soluble Al, Si and Fe to produce insoluble amorphous gels. The combined effect resulted in an effective improvement in the water resistance of the samples. The 28-day water immersion strength of the EMR100 can reach 38.3 MPa, and its water resistance coefficient was 82.10%. The appropriate doping of EMR can improve the pore structure of the specimens, reduce the porosity and refine the pore size distribution. Carbon emission per unit compressive strength and cost per unit compressive strength were used as evaluation indices of environmental and economic benefits. A high dosage of EMR-incorporated MOC resulted in low cost and carbon emission, especially the strength of the specimen after water immersion as a strength index. Taking into account the strength after 14 days of air curing and 28 days of water immersion, the advantages of cost per unit compressive strength and carbon emission per unit compressive strength of EMR100 were further extended and reduced by 86.23% and 22.15% respectively compared to the benchmark group. The heavy metal curing of EMR was evaluated by ion leaching test, and the result showed that MOC effectively cured the heavy metal ions in EMR and reduced the environmental risk of EMR. The good performance of EMR in MOC systems not only provides an effective breakthrough for the efficient utilization of EMR and its heavy metal curing, but also effectively improves the performance of MOC and reduces the production cost.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Cair Organik dan Kompos dari Limbah Sampah Rumah Tangga

Purpose: Buluh Cina Village is a tourist village located on the banks of the Siak River. The problem of waste among residents living on the banks of the river is throwing garbage directly into the river, causing water pollution. The purpose of this community service is to provide information on how housewives can manage household waste into liquid organic fertilizer (POC) and compost in a simple manner. Methodology: The method used was focus group discussion (FGD) on the theory of good waste management and a workshop demonstration of the practice of making POC and compost directly. This event was in collaboration with the health cadre partners of Puskesmas Pangkalan Baru and Buluh Cina village officials. Results: The results of this community service were attended by 31 cadres, who understood that the behavior of littering into the river must be stopped by utilizing waste from the household scale. POC and compost training, so it is hoped that cadres will apply to themselves and teach their members. Limitations: Owing to the limited time, funds, and members involved in this research, the training was only conducted for one day, but it is hoped that it will be sustainable. Contribution: This activity is useful to increase community awareness about managing household waste to make it more useful for fertilizing plants around the house and also have economic value if sold

A Cross-Cultural Analysis for Plastic Waste Perception of Students from Romania and Turkey

The article brings to attention a cross cultural model related to the perception of students in relation to the current problem of plastic waste. To create the model, a questionnaire was applied online in two countries at the same time, among students from different specializations. The survey was structured in several parts, with the first part meant to identify individual characteristics of the responders, the second part to identify their knowledge about plastic, determine their beliefs in the new material—bioplastic, their preference in using plastic or bioplastic, and the last part meant to determine students’ attitude towards the environment. The model wants to highlight the preferences and knowledge of students about plastic, the degree of information and students’ knowledge about plastic waste, and if these are influenced by culture; in our case, the country was considered. Also, we established that gender or specialization have no influence on the perception of bioplastic. A total of 39.79% of the students from both countries participate in and attend conferences about nature protection and plastic waste, and only 58.69% of the students do not participate in any conferences about nature conservation or recycling materials. As a conclusion, we can mention that Turkish students are more responsible and more active in environmental activities regarding plastic waste in comparison with Romanian students. In comparison with Romanian students, Turkish students are more careful when it comes to recycling waste plastic and when choosing products that are less harmful to nature. The young generation is open to selective recycling, even if they sometimes do not follow the established rules. Based on this model, common problems can be identified and universities, as incubators of ideas, can welcome the use of the necessary methods and tools to stimulate care and students’ awareness of the environment and its protection.

Peningkatan Ekonomi Desa melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pengolahan Limbah Menjadi Pupuk Organik

Samar Village was located in Pagerwojo District, Tulungagung Regency. The majority of residents in Samar Village focus in the livestock sector. The average cow waste produced 20 – 30 kg in one day. Handling of livestock waste needs to be done immediately so that waste accumulation does not have a negative impact on the surrounding environment. The problem is, the community does not have expert knowledge in processing the livestock waste produced. If left unchecked, it will cause a continuous and mounting buildup of livestock waste. Based on the problems faced by partners, the community service team collaborates with the village government to try to educate and empower the community in processing livestock waste into manure with high economic value. The method of implementing manure start from planning, implementing and evaluating the program which includes practical activities for making manure, testing the effectiveness of fertilizer and socializing the packaging and marketing of the products produced. This program also utilizes appropriate technology, namely a sieving machine that was recently handed over from the State University of Malang Service to Samar Village. Making this fertilizer requires a fermentation process mixed with an activator (EM4) and molasses (cane molasses) mixed evenly. In the process of making the fertilizer, it is closed tightly so that it is not exposed to air from outside and reopened within ± 2 weeks. The results of the effectiveness test by comparing plants given manure were proven to have benefits in increasing plant growth. This community empowerment program was successful because of the high enthusiasm of the community in efforts to increase community income and overcome the problem of livestock waste.

Dynamics of Local Government Policy in Waste Management in Indonesia

This article is written on the basis of the current condition of waste management problems in Indonesia, where problems in major cities in Indonesia have experienced a position in the waste emergency phase. Various forms of waste management that have been carried out by regions in Indonesia do not necessarily reduce the volume of accumulated waste generation and have become a common daily sight. This paper uses case studies from various major waste management cities in Indonesia. In general, the findings found that waste problems in various major cities in Indonesia are not spared from the dynamics that develop in their respective regions. It takes not only the ability but also the ability of local governments to commit to waste control in their respective cities through local government policies that are oriented towards clean, environmentally friendly, and innovative cities.

Determinants of municipal‐level household food waste

AbstractThis research investigates the long‐run determinants of per capita food waste, using a monthly time series dataset collected from the Taipei City Food Scraps Recycling Program, covering a span of 19 years. In addition, this research introduces a new proxy for the food wastage rate, gauged by the ratio of edible‐to‐inedible food scraps. The results of time‐series cointegration analysis show that per capita edible food scraps and socioeconomic factors are bound together over the long run. Specifically, per capita edible food waste displays a positive co‐movement with food price, the working‐age share, and household size, while exhibiting a negative co‐movement with the old‐age share. This insight empowers policymakers with the ability to foresee and tackle the food waste problem by acting on the municipality's demographic and economic structural change. Our analysis complements the existing studies that depend on cross‐sectional individual‐level data by adopting a long‐run municipal‐level time series perspective. [EconLit Citations: Q11, Q13, Q18, D1].

Molecular design of recyclable thermosetting polyimide and its composite with excellent mechanical and tribological properties

Recyclability of thermosetting polymers and their composites is a challenge for alleviating environmental pollution and resource waste. In this study, solvent-recyclable thermosetting polyimide (PI) and its composite were successfully synthesized. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus of PI are 108.70 ± 7.29 MPa, 19.35% ± 3.89%, and 2336.42 ± 128.00 MPa, respectively. The addition of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) not only enhances the mechanical properties of PI but also endows it with excellent tribological properties. The PI illustrates a high recycling efficiency of 94.15%, but the recycled composite exhibits inferior mechanical properties. The recycling and utilization of PI and its composite are realized through imine bonds (–C=N), which provides new guidance for solving the problem of environmental pollution and resource waste and is potential application in the field of sustainable tribology.

Technical landfills sites are an effective tool for waste valorization, recovery and disposal

Projects such as technical landfill centers, waste conversion and sorting units, and inert landfills play a crucial role as significant solutions, especially in the absence of alternative projects or during their establishment, such as waste valorization initiatives, including the innovative project in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme. These initiatives have objectives in line with the principles of sustainable development, promoting the circular economy, generating financial returns, combating climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. They achieve this by involving citizens and associations in management, allocating a dedicated budget for funding, and creating ample space to address the challenge of unplanned landfills. This approach aims to solve the problem of unplanned landfills, create wealth and employment opportunities while preserving the environment. Activating such projects can solve the waste problem that has burdened the specific case of Constantine by addressing the issue of unplanned landfills. This initiative is facilitated by the fact that a significant portion of the waste is organic and recyclable, which bodes well for the region.

EDUKASI PEMILAHAN SAMPAH DENGAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF PADA SISWA KELAS 1 SD NEGERI PENANGGUNGAN

Waste problems are often encountered in the surrounding community. Penanggungan Village is one of the tourist villages located in Trawas District, Mojokerto Regency. Environmental cleanliness is certainly in the spotlight because many tourists visit the village. In minimizing littering, it is necessary to provide early education about waste sorting, especially for elementary school students. Through community service activities, Bina Desa Trawas of MBKM Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur conducted teaching activities for grade 1 students of SD Negeri Penanggungan. Learning activities are carried out using interactive media in the form of board games about waste sorting. In addition to interactive board game media, learning activities also use supporting media such as animated videos.

Effect of pro‐oxidants on the aerobic biodegradation, disintegration, and physio‐mechanical properties of compostable polymers

AbstractBiodegradable polymers are gaining momentum to resolve the globally acknowledged plastic waste problem. Understanding, characterizing, and developing new generations of biodegradable plastics is crucial to provide industries with alternative green materials that can fully satisfy biodegradation rates and lifetime specifications. This study evaluates the influence of metal pro‐oxidant additives on the degradation properties of various biodegradable polymer systems. For this purpose, iron (III) stearate (FeSt3) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), as oxidant agents, were incorporated into poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT), cellulose acetate (CA), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), and thermoplastic starch (TPS) bioplastics. The material performances and biodegradability properties due to the additives on the resulting bioplastic formulations were investigated. A mechanism was proposed in which both pro‐oxidant additives can accelerate the thermo‐oxidation processes under composting conditions and cleave the polymer chains into smaller fragments to stimulate the biodegradation rate through microorganisms' activity. The study revealed that both pro‐oxidant additives, FeSt3 and Bi2O3, effectively improved the biodegradation process for all tested polymers except TPS, which already had a very high biodegradation rate. The observed change in the barrier and mechanical properties due to the additives were within tolerable limits of corresponding neat polymers.

Out of Sight, Out of Mind

Abstract Waste is an increasingly significant environmental concern in Singapore in light of the shortening lifespan of the nation's Semakau Landfill, which is expected to reach full capacity by 2035. In order to provide a fresh perspective on the age-old problem of waste management and open different conversations regarding waste, we posit that the obscurement of waste promotes the production of waste in Singapore by desensitizing Singaporeans to their waste and disconnecting them from the waste problem. This article aims to uncover the factors that contribute to the obscurement of waste in Singapore and to explicate how this obscurement disconnects Singaporeans from their waste. Through qualitative interviews and field observations substantiated by secondary data, this article seeks to study how the intangible and tangible factors—educational, sociocultural, and situational—exert a collective influence on waste obscurement and hinder the adoption of waste minimization practices.

Perencanaan Teknis Operasional Pengelolaan Sampah

BTN Rajawali Residence has 88 building units with type 45 (commercial), if the assumption is that each house is occupied by 5 people, 440 people will produce waste. BTN Rajawali Residence has waste problems such as the lack of available infrastructure so that many people throw garbage out of place. The purpose of this study is to identify waste generation, waste composition and analyze the existing conditions of waste management operational techniques in the housing and then plan waste management operational techniques. Sampling was carried out for eight (8) consecutive days in accordance with SNI 19-3964-1994 on methods of collection and measurement of urban waste and interviews for data collection on the existing conditions of technical waste management operations. The results of this study show that the waste generation of BTN Rajawali Residence Housing is 71.601 kg with an average of 11.934 kg/day/source which is equal to an average of 0.0850 kg/day/person. Based on the results of observations and interviews at the research location, the existing conditions of operational waste management techniques, the BTN Rajawali Resindence housing community has not implemented good waste management operational techniques according to existing regulations. Operational technical planning includes segregation, containerization, collection/transportation, processing and temporary disposal sites (TDS). The planned sorting is based on SNI 19-2454-2002 by sorting wet waste (organic), dry waste (inorganic) and residual waste by each household (from the source), referring to SNI 19-2454-2002 (procedures for urban waste management operational techniques) So, a container with a capacity of 40 liters is planned, with a barrel height of 60 cm, length 40 cm and width 40 cm. Then, it is planned for a waste transportation tool with a capacity of 200 kg of cargo, a tub height of 80 cm, a tub width of 130 cm and a length of 180 cm. The planned waste processing is composting with the individual method and the natural process with a composter barrel height of 50 cm diameter 30 cm. The TPS used to dispose of community waste is a communal TDS developed by the Government of the Environment and Forestry Service (GEFS) of Kendari City.

The Role of Environmental Law in Encouraging Reducing the Use of Plastic Waste in Indonesia

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest waste producer in the world, Indonesia is listed as one of the largest contributors to marine plastic waste in the world. It is recorded that the amount of plastic waste from Indonesia into the oceans reaches 56,333 metric tons every year. This is due to the excessive use of plastic waste and the ineffective decomposition of plastic waste in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the role of environmental law in encouraging the reduction of the use of plastic waste in Indonesia by using the library study method. This research was conducted by collecting and analyzing various literature sources related to plastic waste and the role of environmental law in reducing plastic waste in Indonesia. Library sources used include journals, books, papers, conferences, and related legal documents. The results of the analysis show that the role of environmental law in encouraging the reduction of the use of plastic waste in Indonesia is still not effective. The presence of environmental law has not been able to be a solution to overcome the problem of plastic waste in Indonesia. Through this literature study, efforts can be made to reduce the population of plastic waste in Indonesia by using various methods, ranging from the use of regulations and regulations, and ways of processing plastic waste that can be done to reduce the amount of plastic waste in Indonesia.