Problems Of Economic Security Research Articles

Вызовы для экономической безопасности регионов России в период пандемии

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to develop a methodology for analyzing regional development to identify the challenges of the pandemic, as well as the search for effective tools to ensure the economic security of Russian regions, taking into account real and expected threats. The purpose of the article is to identify the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic for the economic security of Russian regions, as well as to substantiate a set of effective measures to overcome emerging problems of regional development. The objectives of the study are: to determine the features of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the socio-economic development of regions; systematization of the pandemic's challenges for the economic security of Russian regions; development of a mechanism to ensure the economic security of Russian regions during the pandemic. The methodology of the research is based on the use of the method of systematization, the method of economic and statistical analysis, the method of comparative analysis, the method of induction and deduction, the graphical method, as well as a systematic approach to achieve the goals and objectives. Results. As a result of the conducted research, the features of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the socio-economic development of the regions of Russia are determined. The authors propose a system of indicators adapted to analyze regional development and identify pandemic challenges for regions, in particular, by introducing indicators of the sanitary and epidemiological situation. The analysis of the state of regional economic systems during the pandemic allowed the authors to identify the real and expected challenges of the pandemic for the economic security of Russian regions. Conslusions. The article proposes measures of state policy to ensure the economic security of Russian regions, taking into account the real and expected challenges of the pandemic. The obtained results develop the theoretical foundations of the study of the problems of economic security of regions, and can also be used in the practical activities of regional authorities as a methodological basis for the formation of tools for leveling threats to economic security.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЯПОНИИ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ

The current geopolitical instability, globalization, the coronavirus crisis, the digitalization of the economy accelerated in these conditions and the increasing competition in the world market have repeatedly exacerbated the problems of economic security both at the international and national levels. In these conditions, the issues of national economic security acquire special importance and become one of the factors of the country's competitiveness on the world market. Japan's approaches to economic security, interpreted as the ability of the country's economy to withstand any external threat, are an essential component of the global security system. They are based on the basic principles of the functioning of the economic system that Japan has been building for the entire post-war period. The purpose of this article is to identify the results of the evolution of the Japanese concept of economic security using analytical and comparative methods. It is established that the legal basis has been formed in Japan and the practical implementation of the national system of economic security has been carried out. It is proved that in the field of economics, the degree of independence of Japan in determining national interests and priorities reaches the boundaries of sovereignty. The national specifics of Japan, manifested in the maritime situation of the country, deprived of most natural resources, specific national features and the quality of labor resources, rich traditions and a special economic model, are fully taken into account both in the conceptual foundations of building a security system and in its institutional support. The main threats are analyzed, the specifics of the Japanese approach to strengthening economic security are traced, trends and prospects for its development within the international system of economic security are identified. The conclusions formulated in the article are of particular importance in connection with the plans of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party of Japan to adopt a Law on the country's Economic Security in 2022, which is due to significant changes in the balance of power on the world stage.

Управління економічною безпекою: аналітико-інформаційний аспект діагностики та прийняття рішень

The process of diagnosing economic security problems; the identification, systematization and assessment of threats and risks are studied. The urgency of determining the mechanisms of processes of formation of analytical and information support of its implementation is established. Scientific and theoretical approaches to the formation of analytical and information support of economic security processes of an economic object based on the use of modeling to determine the dominant threats using fuzzy logic and multifactorial comparative analysis of primary properties are considered. It is established that the formation of effective analytical and information support as a tool to support decision-making in determining the size of the economic object and determining the level of economic security is complicated by a significant number of indicators. This reflects the state of the economic condition of the object. It is proposed to conduct analytical processing of information using a quantitative assessment of the indicators of subjects in the environment of the studied object based on the implementation of approaches in the form of a combination of analyzed models (fuzzy sets and MAI). On the basis of mathematical modeling the methodological approaches of creation of mechanisms of maintenance of formation of analytical and information maintenance in acceptance of administrative decisions are specified and offered. The developed methodological approaches can be used for analytical and informational support of decision support mechanisms and are a tool for determining the scale of the economic object and assessing the parameters of the sources of crisis trends.

Глобальные вызовы и формирование цифровой экономики: состояние, проблемы безопасности, тенденции развития

At present, the issues of economic security seem to be relevant both for
 the economic development of the state and for complex scientific research.
 A wide range of the vital activities of society includes indicators that reflect
 the potential threats that can be encountered by economic agents. The problem of economic security is now becoming increasingly important, and this
 in turn is caused by the rapid development of a diversified alternative economy that uses the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress. It is quite difficult to predict the development of the country’s economy
 in the long term when the current challenges and threats are not taken into
 account. That is why in the information age, where information technology
 is the main basis for conducting economic activity, and information security
 is one of the main directions of state development, while the state itself
 acts as an economic institution. Therefore, the development of the digital
 economy in Russia poses both opportunities and significant threats.

Economic Security of the Enterprise as an Object of Management

Abstract. Introduction. The article conducts research and defines the essence of the enterprise as the primary link of the economy and an independent business entity and law. The concept of “enterprise” is considered from the standpoint of different branches of knowledge and concludes that the economic essence of the enterprise, as a whole, is that its activities are aimed at making a profit, and its objective conditions are a continuous repetitive process of reproduction. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to explore the specifics of economic security of the enterprise from the standpoint of its consideration as an object of management. Results. The scheme of properties of economic security of the enterprise as an object of management such as reliability, flexibility, efficiency and controllability are constructed. In addition, there is a definition given to each of these properties and their connection is shown. It is determined that today, ensuring the economic security of the enterprise is a priority for any organizational and legal form of the enterprise. Conclusions. The practical meaning of the obtained results is that they can be the basis for further study of the problems of economic security of Ukrainian enterprises. Keywords: economic security; enterprise; threats; management.

Problems of economic security of the financial market

Problems of economic security of the financial market

EAEU Countries: Assessment of Economic Security

The presented study addresses the problems of economic security in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU, Union). The subject of the study covers the following EEU member states: Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Armenia. A system of indicators and threshold parameters for assessing the level of economic security of the EAEU member states are proposed. Aim . The study aims to examine and substantiate optimal approaches and methods for solving economic security problems in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. Tasks . The authors analyze data of the economic security system of the EAEU countries; develop a set of indicators and threshold parameters for assessing the level of economic security in the EAEU countries; formulate recommendations for improving the efficiency of economic security in the EAEU countries. Methods . The theoretical and methodological basis of this study includes works of Russian and foreign scientists and normative documents regulating economic security issues in the EAEU member states. The study uses the systems approach, comparative method, and general scientific methods — analysis and synthesis, juxtaposition and comparison, systematization and generalization of the obtained data. Results. The authors have obtained the following results in terms of approaches and methods for assessing the efficiency of economic security in the EAEU countries and prospects for its improvement. To develop a unified concept (strategy) of safe socio-economic development for the EAEU countries, it is necessary to systematically monitor economic security indicators that reflect the specific features of each country of the Union. For an in-depth study of issues related to ensuring economic security in the EAEU countries, it is advisable to introduce a more detailed list of indicators of safe economic development. The system of indicators for assessing the economic security of the EAEU countries proposed by the authors of this study does not claim to provide an exhaustive characterization of the problems raised, but it is one of the possible approaches to solving them. To improve the quality of monitoring in this field and the objectivity of assessment of processes that could destabilize the economy of the EAEU countries, it is advisable to develop a common methodology for determining the threshold values of the indicators proposed for economic security assessment. In the absence of such a methodology, it is difficult to develop and implement methodological approaches to assessing economic security at all levels of management. Conclusions . The theoretical and practical significance of this study consists in the development of new approaches and methods in the examination of the assessment, indicators, and ways of improving the efficiency of economic security in the EAEU countries. The results and major conclusions are presented in the scientific publications by H.S. Pak, E.V. Ushakova, V.A. Plotnikov, et al. Currently, there is no established set of criteria for assessing the level of economic security. Comparative analysis of the existing methods of economic security assessment has revealed a number of proprietary methodologies (a group of indicators based on two crisis levels by L.A. Abalkin, a set of indicators by S.Y. Glazyev, indicators of economic security by E.A. Oleynikov). However, these methodologies do not fully reflect the development dynamics of the process of improving economic security efficiency with the indicators proposed by the authors. Threshold parameters are established by an expert method, which increases the degree of subjectivity in the assessment. A unified system of indicators needs to be developed to assess the efficiency of economic security management within a specific territory. The system proposed by the authors, which uses the principle of coordinated integration cooperation between the EAEU countries, would make it possible to determine and assess the risk of a potential threat and select the optimal set of preventive measures for a joint response to various threats to the national security of the Union's member states. On this premise, each country of the EAEU should be able to overcome the crisis and set the national economy on the path of sustainable economic growth in accordance with the national economic development strategy.

FROM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS TO ECONOMIC SECURITY

The article is devoted to the research of the economic security problems within the context of life safety conception. Economic sense of concepts of laminarity and turbulence is researched. The article also shows that economical security is a significant part of life safety, as economy defines human’s life activity.

CYBER OFFENSE AS A THREAT TO ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Purpose: the objective factors arising from the specificity of cybercrime, threats and their negative impact on the economic security of the state are considered, criminal offenses in the field of bank payment cards are characterized, features that distinguish cybercrime from other criminal offenses, the definition of «cybercrime» a cyber security system that must be based on certain principles, objects and entities that provide it. Methods: the study was conducted using methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison. Results: it is concluded that cybercrime poses a threat to Ukraine’s economic security, so measures are taken at the legislative level to prevent and counteract such manifestations. Discussion: cybersecurity issues and prevention of cybercrime in the economic sphere. The widespread use of modern information technology in economic relations puts the solution of problems of economic security of society in the first place. Currently, the number of offenses committed in the industry is increasing in proportion to the number of users of computer networks. Such growth is an inevitable process for both the development of information technology and the improvement of the professionalism of offenders in the sphere of economic relations. In Ukraine, measures are being put in place at the legislative level to ensure cybersecurity in all spheres of society, including in the economic sphere. The manifestations of criminal use of high information technologies in the economic security of society is one of the main directions of counteracting cybercrime in the country. Cybersecurity should be an ongoing process for the activities of relevant government agencies to prevent and counteract cyberspace threats to Ukraine. It should be based on the principles of: the rule of law; ensuring the balance of rights and interests of a person, citizen, state; interaction between government agencies and the public. On the basis of the foregoing, we propose to identify cybercrime in the field of economic security as a system of cybercrime that encroaches on vital public relations in the economic sphere using computer systems and computer technologies.

Economic security in the field of public and commercial procurement

This article discusses the problem of economic security in public and commercial procurement. The current methods of applying the accounting (financial) statements and other reporting documents of the organization when identifying signs of fraud during public and commercial procurement are presented.

REGULATION OF OFFSHORE CENTERS AS A MECHANISM FOR DE-SHADOWING INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

The article examines the key problems of economic security caused by the shadowing of global business. The place of offshoring in international financial security is determined, and the impact of offshore centers on the growth of the shadow economy is ana

Problems of Economic Security in the Arctic Region

The current problems and features of ensuring the economic security of the Arctic territories as part of national security are analyzed in the article. At the same time, economic security is of paramount importance, as it is the basis for the financing of other security measures.
 Specifics of the Arctic zone include its enormous resource and transport communication potential. The Arctic, most of which belongs to Russia, is rich in such types of strategic minerals as nickel, platinum, natural gas, diamonds, oil, etc.
 The economic risks of the Arctic zone are associated with its insufficient innovative potential and low competitiveness, high resource intensity and low efficiency of extractive activities, as well as underdeveloped infrastructure.
 The strategic areas of ensuring the economic security in the Arctic zone include improvement in the methods of state management of the Arctic region through the formation and implementation of state target programs and the transition of the Arctic economy to a new technological level.
 The modern aspects of the industry and technology development in the Arctic in the modern conditions of climate change are highlighted in the article. Special attention is paid to the formation and implementation of the interdepartmental integrated target program "Arctic technologies", as the article is based on the scientific results of its formation and implementation.

Интеллектуальная составляющая экономической безопасности предприятия

The intellectual component of economic security of the enterprise in close interrelation with a personnel component is investigated. External and internal threats to economic security of the enterprise on intellectual and 
 personnel component are detailed. It is concluded that the problem of economic security of the enterprise on the intellectual component, in modern conditions, will be solved by implementing a number of measures to counter 
 external and internal threats in the intellectual sphere of the enterprise.

Продовольча безпека в умовах пандемії

Coronavirus pandemic, which unfolded in the modern world, became a trigger for the development of economic crisis. Its most acute manifestation is the food crisis. There are a number of fundamental reasons for this: firstly, the world of the XXI century is a «full world» (Herman Daly), which is populated by almost 8 billion people, which results in a contradiction with the resource potential of the planet; secondly, the food crisis belongs to structural crises, which cannot be solved in the conditions of the established system of economic activity; thirdly, the world faced the before unrealized level of inequality – in human development, income, consumption and other forms, which is reflected primarily in gaps in the level of food consumption; fourthly, there is a growing requirement for quality of life in the world, which leads to new approaches to quality, calorie content and food balance. The problem of economic security is complex, aggregated, interdisciplinary, the solution of the problem requires a fundamental transformation of thinking, the development of a new system of values and civilizational shifts. The use of the latest technologies for the first time creates an opportunity to achieve a high standard of living for all people of the planet, not just for the «golden billion». However, the system of economic activity in the capitalist system is not able to provide this type of development. It is the food crisis that shows the «failures» of capitalism. Based on this, we believe that the solution to this problem should unite the countries of the world, complementaryly link them in the achievement of food security. Actualization of the solution of the food crisis requires not only the participation of the entire world community, but also a rapid response to the novel challenges. The latest technologies with enormous potential must be used rationally to enhance the welfare of all mankind, eliminate hunger and poverty. If we do not provide humanitarian guidance for new technologies, they will contribute to further deepening of food disparities and undermining food security.

Economic System Simulation With Big Data Analytics Approach

The economic system is a complex adaptive system (CAS), which is composed of many heterogeneous, dispersed and interconnected actors. Because of ignoring these features, traditional macroeconomic models have many defects. In view of the fact that economic security problems are characterized by multiple and miscellaneous source data, wide range of involvement and complex behavior, an economic system needs to be simulated. In this paper, based on big data technology, we conduct china’s economic security simulation from three aspects: economic security simulation method, economic security simulation modeling and calibration technology, and economic security early warning simulation visualization technology. In the end, we apply the method of this paper to a case study of a rare earth new material company, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various safety investment schemes based on the simulation results. Case analysis proves that the method proposed in this paper can simulate economic dynamics to achieve dynamic assessment of economic development and economic security prediction.

Економічна безпека підприємств в умовах цифрових технологій і пандемії

The article is devoted to solving scientific problems of economic security of economic entities of various forms of ownership, in particular in the conditions of digital technologies and pandemics. The essence of "economic security of the enterprise" is defined, the review of leading scientists-economists concerning the specified research topic is made. The significance of economic security of enterprises is substantiated, the ways of solving problems in activity of enterprises are offered. Based on the analysis of the publications of scientists, we have identified in the classical form: international, state, regional, sectoral, private or economic level of economic security. In our opinion, the economic security of any enterprise is an opportunity to carry out activities, maintain normal working conditions, development, and in cases of external and internal challenges, threats, risks, dangers to resist and resume their activities. Among the proposals to strengthen the economic security of each enterprise, we recommend: diversification and expansion of production, which will increase economic efficiency, namely the profitability of the enterprise, the range and additionally attract existing employees; reduce operating costs by optimizing online and offline operation, implementation of energy savings - day and night, etc; introduction of aggressive marketing, namely increase of net income due to occupation of new market segments; introduction of investment attractiveness of the enterprise, introduction of new technologies, creation of more qualitative production; input quality control of raw materials, control over technological operations, development of control system and quality assessment for individual technological operations - search for analogues; participation in exhibitions, presentations at various levels; constant monitoring and adjustment of data; conducting promotional discounts and attracting new potential consumers of the company's products

INDIVIDUAL ISSUES OF ECONOMIC SECURITY: THE STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN MIGRATION PROCESSES ON COUNTRIES ECONOMIC AND INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

One of the most important factors influencing the economic security of the country is the circulation of labor resources, especially given the constant growth of volumes, vectors, and forms of migration. This impact can be both positive and negative for the national welfare of an individual country and the world economy as a whole. Accordingly, the scale of the problem determines the relevance and need for research to solve the problem of economic security. The article aims to study the primary factors and areas of influence of the migration processes of highly qualified specialists on the economic and innovative development of countries. The article used analytical methods, which were shown by a graphical method of trend analysis and a descriptive approach. Also, a comparative analysis was used, a structural analysis of classification features that allow achieving the goal of studying the impact of migration on various areas of government. The applied methods will enable us to reach the set purpose. The leading indicators of the impact of migration processes on the countries of departure (donor countries) and the countries of departure (recipient countries) in terms of economic and innovation components are grouped. The analysis presents the results in qualitative and quantitative terms.

ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ — ВАЖНАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА ИННОВАЦИОННО-ЦИФРОВЫХ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЙ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИИ В РАМКАХ РАЗВИТИЯ И РАСШИРЕНИЯ ЕАЭС

Subject. The article considers ways to ensure economic security as the most important problem of innovation and digital transformation in the Russian economy in the framework of the development and expansion of the EAEU. Purpose of work. The purpose of this article is to study the General theoretical problems that determine the development of economic security mechanisms in Russia within the framework of the development and expansion of the EAEU in the conditions of the digital economy. Methodology of the work. The research uses methods of evolutionary and institutional theory, econometric modeling, and analytical evaluation. Result of work. Revealed a new aspect in the study of problems of economic security as an important issue innovation-digital transformation in the Russian economy in the framework of the development and expansion of the EAEU - the need to restore national scientific-technical and production engineers in the field of innovative digital technologies. Conclusions. Conceptual approaches have been formed to develop a new paradigm for improving the economic security of Russia within the framework of the development and expansion of the EAEU in the formation of the infrastructure of the digital economy, which should be implemented through the implementation of import substitution with the innovation-digital reconfiguration of systems and procedures for managing any types of industrial activities in the economy. Scope of the results. The results of the research can be used by the authorities of Russia and other EAEU countries to eliminate existing problems in the digital technology system and implement structural reforms.

Оценка уровня экономической безопасности эксклавного региона России — Калининградской области

An exclave position makes the economic security problems of the Kaliningrad region more complex as compared with other Russian territories. Deteriorating relations between Russia and the West compound the situation. This has been especially so since 2014 when economic sanctions were imposed against Russia, and the country retaliated. Global geopolitical instability adds to the conundrum. This study aims to assess the economic security of the Kaliningrad region. Its objectives include defining the concept of regional economic security and measuring its level in the Russian Baltic exclave. Possible ways to improve the economic security of the region are considered as well. Official statistics on the dynamics of industrial production and GRP and 28 other socio-economic indicators are used to assess the level of economic security. The region performs well on nine indicators and much worse on 19. Proposals for economic restructuring aimed at more intensive exploitation of regional natural and labour resources are examined along with the region’s prospects as part of the Great Eurasia (Bolshaya Eurasia) project and as an ‘international development corridor’.

Russian Citizens' Attitude toward Insurance Policies as a Factor of Individual Economic Security.

Today, insurance enables the functioning of the market system. In modern Russia, such a mechanism of protection against internal and external threats exists to ensure the economic security of each citizen. Indeed, individual insurance policies continue to gain importance as the most effective risk management tool to guarantee the safety of the health and property of private citizens. The goal of this study was to investigate Russian citizens’ attitudes towards insurance policies and investment bearing in mind the concept of personal economic security. Preparations for this study were focused on theoretical understandings of economic security problems, taking the field of insurance as an example. Our research consisted of four stages, with a total of 1794 participants. The results of this study can offer insight to improve the functioning of the insurance market in accordance with the framework of the Insurance Industry Development Strategy for the Russian Federation—2020. The obtained results can be used from both a political and economic standpoint in the development of a set of measures dealing with the control of financial institutions, promotion of financial literacy, preparation of courses for universities, and trainings for participants in the insurance market. Policyholders can also use this information to advocate for improved insurance programs for citizens.