Problem Of Construction Research Articles

High Accuracy and Low Complexity Lidar Place Recognition Using Unitary Invariant Frobenius Norm

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is used in solving the problems of localization, navigation, and map construction for autonomous vehicles moving in unknown environments. Place recognition is an inevitable subject in SLAM, and the current lidar-based methods have been popularized for their rising environmental robustness. Currently, the place recognition method with lidar has attracted much attention due to its high environmental robustness. However, many 3D laser point cloud methods for place recognition descriptors construction with the local or global point-cloud data omitting some intrinsic properties of the point clouds. In this article, we propose a place recognition method based on the unitary invariance of the Frobenius norm for utilizing different attributes of ground points and non-ground points. Specifically, the interpretable filtering framework and a dynamic threshold adjustment strategy are raised according to different environments and sensors with intensity and geometric information. As commissioning, the comparative experiments are conducted with CHDloop datasets and public KITTI datasets of different scales and access types. Compared to the original Scan Context (SC) and Intensity Scan Context (ISC) methods, our proposed method achieves higher efficiency while maintaining a improved recall rate and precision. This novel method has been integrated into the existing LiDAR SLAM and formed a new framework FSC_ALOAM that reduces drifts in point-cloud mapping. The entire process improves the accordance of maps at the identical position in auto-driving.

“Truth,” “lies,” and beyond: epistemological prerequisites for a constructive political discourse

Building on methodical constructivism, the paper examines the differences between trans-subjectively founded (objective) reality, merely intersubjectively agreed (social) reality, and subjective reality in the narrow sense, and refutes the social constructivist view according to which every representation of reality only offers a distorted image of reality, so that all representations of reality stand side by side on an equal footing. Admitting that socially constructed reality is necessarily selective and therefore an interpreted (meaningful) reality, the paper argues that truth vs. falsehood is not the only criterion by which a construction of reality can be measured. Although the discourse about meanings cannot be a discourse about whether they are true or false, constructions of reality can nonetheless be questioned for their appropriateness for constructive problem solving. Political discourse, however, is all too often not about problem solving, but about gaining power, maintaining power, and using power in order to enforce one’s own positions. Appropriateness then gets replaced by mere expediency, and populist politicians drive this to a perfection in which their careless handling of truth is only the tip of the iceberg. At the base of the iceberg, there is the refusal of coexistence and the destruction of reasonable common ground, and the primary question that arises for social research is that of social pathologies that help populists’ (subjective) reality to become shared by (at least) parts of society.

The Benefits of Uncertainty and Risk Assessment Studies on the M5 Metro Line (Istanbul - Turkey)

Uncertainty is often the most significant source of risk associated with a project in tunnel and underground construction. Unforeseen uncertainties can lead to significant construction problems leading to reduced tunnel advances and delays, cost increases, damage to existing infrastructure and/or damage to building equipment. The M5 metro line, which is the subject of the study, is located in Uskudar – Umraniye - Cekmekoy - Sancaktepe district on the Asian side of Istanbul. The line is approximately 17.5 km long and has 16 cut and cover stations. M5 metro line was used the four earth pressure balance (EPB) tunnel boring machines. The effect of uncertainty on risk assessment and decision-making is increasingly given priority, particularly for large infrastructure projects such as tunnels where uncertainty is often the primary source of risk. This article is intended to explain the tangible benefits of underground uncertainty and risk assessment of the M5 metro construction for underground project stakeholders, local authorities, designers, practitioners and researchers.

Smart chemical industry parks in China: Current status, challenges, and pathways for future sustainable development

The chemical industry has been pivotal to the rapid economic expansion and high standards of living in China. As an important carrier of the chemical industry, China has designated as many as 723 chemical industrial parks (CIPs). Unfortunately, safety concerns have become an obstacle to the sustainability of China's CIPs. Ever since the two devastating hazardous chemical accidents, namely “Tianjin Port 8·12 Explosion” and “Jiangsu 3·21 Explosion,” which occurred in 2015 and 2019 respectively, China has prioritized the safety of CIPs. The smart chemical industrial parks (SCIPs) are considered the optimal strategies toward the goal of sustainable development in China's CIPs. However, there has been a lack of research and subsequent discussion on the role of SCIPs in the forthcoming years. The period between 2020 and 2025 is considered a crucial period for the future development of CIPs and SCIPs in China mainly because the country has released a series of important government documents and national standards (such as “Fourteenth Five-Year (2020–2025) Plan for Hazardous Chemical Safety” and “Guidelines of SCIPs construction”) to promote hazardous chemical safety. With the aim of analyzing the future sustainable development for the construction of SCIPs in China, this paper proposes a systematic methodology in order to conduct an integrated and in-depth review on the standardization construction status (framework with Chinese characteristics, key events, spatial features, and national pilots), future tasks, problems, and sustainable development pathways of China's SCIPs. The method is implemented in accordance with the current scenarios of hazardous chemical safety in China and the latest government documents, regulations, and standards. Furthermore, this study provides basic data and a basis for future studies associated with the safety and sustainability of the SCIPs construction and chemical industry, both within China and in other countries.

Analysis of engineering and construction students’ perceptions to explore gender disparity

ABSTRACT Gender disparity is an enduring problem in engineering and construction (EC) areas. The main purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of female students in EC programs in the US toward factors impacting their situations and investigate barriers to their academic and professional paths. A quantitative research method was used to measure the perception of participants. In the first phase of this project 369 students participated in a paper-based survey. The results emphasized the effect of role models, by engineering students. The results also highlighted several similarities and differences between male and female students in regard to factors impacting the selection of major and career, such as career characteristics, familiarity with the industry, expected growth, and discrimination that facilitate or impede women’s presence in educational and professional positions.

Construction of FANETs for user coverage and information transmission in disaster rescue scenarios

In this paper, we consider a flying ad hoc network (FANET) construction problem in a post-disaster scenario where ground users (GUs) lose contact with the outside world. The main objective of the FANET is to provide communication coverage for as many as GUs, and to transmit disaster information back to the rescue center as soon as possible. To solve this FANET construction problem, we first propose a FANET construction algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. To improve the performance of the PSO-based FANET construction algorithm, we further model the FANET construction problem as an ordinary potential game (OPG), and propose a better-response-based FANET construction algorithm. Several simulation experiments are presented to evaluate the effectiveness of these proposed two algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate that both the PSO-based FANET construction algorithm and the better-response-based FANET construction algorithm can be used to maximize the coverage rate of GUs and minimize the average transmission delay from rescue UAVs to the gateway UAV. Moreover, the better-response-based FANET construction algorithm has a fast convergence rate, and performs better than the PSO-based FANET construction algorithm and other baselines in terms of coverage rate and average transmission delay.

On the Problems and Prospects of Construction and Reconstruction of Storages for Hay, Haylage, Briquettes and Granules

The problems of construction and reconstruction of storages for hay, haylage, briquettes and granules, the prospects for increasing the scale of construction and reconstruction using new structural models and composite building materials are considered. It reflects the need to update the regulatory and methodological documentation for technological design, construction and reconstruction of storage facilities for hay, haylage, briquettes and granules.

Urban Image Communication Strategy under the New Media Environment

The promotion of city visibility cannot be separated from the spread and shaping of city image. The rapid development of the Internet provides new means and ideas for the spread of many city images. In recent years, in order to promote the development of tourism and shape the city image, the city has adopted various strategies. The main approach is to publicize various regional characteristics of the city through the Internet new media technology, so as to build an Internet celebrity city. Cities such as Xi 'an, Chengdu and Changsha have been transformed into "Internet celebrity cities", becoming hot cities on the Internet and the places where people want to hit the time card, gaining extremely high visibility and thus enhancing the soft power of cities. Of course, while new media bring popularity to cities, they also face many new problems. This paper mainly takes Changsha's successful shaping of city image in the context of new media as an example, analyzes the existing problems of Changsha's city image construction and communication, and puts forward some strategies.

RESEARCH OF OPTIMAL TECHNOLOGICAL SEQUENCES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION

The article discusses some problems of economics and organization of construction, which can be solved by linear programming using PTC Mathcad Prime, Excel Microsoft365 and data ranking. The authors analyzed the literature, which presents the existing optimization methods in various industries and the field of construction production. Shows the basic principles of using linear programming in various software tools. The authors analyzed in detail the comparison of different methods for the selection of optimal technological sequences. Examples of solving optimization problems in construction production by means of linear programming and data ranking method are presented. To solve the problem, the technology of applying the mixture to a vertical surface was used. Namely: cleaning the facade, plastering the surface, painting the surface. Three technologies were considered. For applying to a vertical surface using standard equipment are scaffolding, ladders and cradles. The process flow consists of the following processes: This is surface preparation. It can be performed in three ways: manual cleaning, sandblasting apparatus, hydrojetting. The next process is the technology of plastering the surface. At this stage, two options are considered: manual plastering and mechanized plaster application. Next, you perform a surface grouping process. This process can be performed either manually or using a pulvelizer. And the last process is painting the surface. Considered manual painting or mechanized device. The next step was to analyze the possibilities of each of the optimization search methods and provide recommendations for their possible application in solving similar problems. Created a mathematical model that can be scaled to implement optimization search in groups of technological sequences with different methods of work. Conclusions were also made regarding the use of the presented methods in solving similar problems of construction production.This article may be an analog for calculating not only the mechanization processes, but it may become a meeting for automating the construction processes.

Space Based Assessment of Base Transceiver Stations in Kwamba, Niger State, Nigeria

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) started operations in Nigeria on the 16th of May, 2001. An important feature of the communication system is the Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). However, their installations have brought about public concerns and fears, specifically to issues relating to environmental risk, public health and sometimes construction problems that might result to mast collapse. This study is aimed at identifying the spatial distribution of BTS in Kwamba, analysing the terrain of the study area and examining their level of compliance to NESREA standards for siting a BTS. The data for the Kwamba study was collected from two sources; Primary and Secondary sources. The primary data include the use of GPS to obtain coordinates of the GSM base stations and their respective elevations. The Secondary and geographic data includes Google Earth imagery obtained from Google Earth, Landsat images, SRTM data from USGS Earth Explorer and shape files (roads etc) from OSM data. ArcMap was used to plot a map showing the distribution and slope extraction of the study area to provide information on the terrain. Also, using NESREA stated standard, 10metre buffer test on all existing BTS in Kwamba was carried out using ArcMap. Findings from the research revealed that there are 24 BTS distributed randomly in Kwamba. 7 out of the 24 failed the 10metre buffer test, meaning they were not in compliance with 10m setback distance as stated by NESREA for locating a BTS close to residential homes. The study recommends that stakeholder(s) imbibe the use of GIS techniques in the siting of BTS as it will assist in monitoring of non-compliance to the regulated standard of NESREA by the service providers. The adaptation of use of GIS techniques will also assist the regulatory bodies in effectively carrying out constant supervision of the service providers.

Robust optimization with order statistic uncertainty set

In this paper, we propose a new uncertainty set for robust models of linear optimization problems. We first study data-free and distribution-free statistical properties of continuous and independent random variables using the Probability Integral Transform. Based on these properties, we construct a new uncertainty set by placing constraints on the order statistics of random variables. We utilize the quantiles of random variables to depict the uncertainties and then adopt the formulation of the assignment problem to develop a tractable formulation for the order statistic uncertainty set. We show that the robust optimization models with the interval uncertainty set, the budget uncertainty set, and the demand uncertainty set can be obtained as special cases of the robust optimization model with the order statistic uncertainty set. Finally, using a robust portfolio construction problem as an example, we show via numerical experiments that the order statistic uncertainty set has better performance than other uncertainty sets when the sample size is small and the correlation between random variables is low.

Behind the Splendor of Big Data-The Problem of Youth Identity Construction in the Era of Big Data

Data represents value in the age of big data. Teens are easily impacted by popular aesthetics when forming their identities. Due to fragmented knowledge, teenagers struggle to develop a complete knowledge system to establish their identities. They are also enslaved by network traffic and data, producing identities that conform to the aesthetics of others.

Current status of public health system in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and improvement suggestion

Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) has three public health systems under different systems, which plays an important role in the construction of the public health system in China. Further strengthening the construction of the public health system in the GBA will play an important reference role in the optimization and upgrade of China's public health system in the future. Based on the key consulting project of "research on the strategy of the modern public health system and capacity building in China" by Chinese Academy of Engineering, this paper deeply analyzes the current status and existing problems of public health system construction in GBA and suggests to improve and innovate the mechanisms of collaborative prevention and control of public health risks, resource coordination and joint research and result sharing, information sharing and exchange, personnel training and team building in order to comprehensively improve the capacity of public health system in GBA, and promote the construction of Healthy China.

P-CSN: single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis by partial cell-specific network.

Although many single-cell computational methods proposed use gene expression as input, recent studies show that replacing 'unstable' gene expression with 'stable' gene-gene associations can greatly improve the performance of downstream analysis. To obtain accurate gene-gene associations, conditional cell-specific network method (c-CSN) filters out the indirect associations of cell-specific network method (CSN) based on the conditional independence of statistics. However, when there are strong connections in networks, the c-CSN suffers from false negative problem in network construction. To overcome this problem, a new partial cell-specific network method (p-CSN) based on the partial independence of statistics is proposed in this paper, which eliminates the singularity of the c-CSN by implicitly including direct associations among estimated variables. Based on the p-CSN, single-cell network entropy (scNEntropy) is further proposed to quantify cell state. The superiorities of our method are verified on several datasets. (i) Compared with traditional gene regulatory network construction methods, the p-CSN constructs partial cell-specific networks, namely, one cell to one network. (ii) When there are strong connections in networks, the p-CSN reduces the false negative probability of the c-CSN. (iii) The input of more accurate gene-gene associations further optimizes the performance of downstream analyses. (iv) The scNEntropy effectively quantifies cell state and reconstructs cell pseudo-time.

Promoting the Construction of the Ideological and Political Teaching Materials from the Perspective of the Three-wide Education

Excellent teaching materials can enhance the overall education level of the country, promote the quality of education, and achieve the fundamental tasks of establishing moral education. This paper involves issues of teaching materials construction in colleges and universities based on the background of three-wide education. Firstly, the five stages of development of three-wide education and some national documents on teaching materials from 2016 to 2022 are summarized. Secondly, the problems of teaching materials construction in the work are analyzed. Thirdly, the ideas of further promoting the construction of teaching materials and implements the initiatives of teaching materials use and management are discussed in hoping to help deepen the subsequent work in the background of the three-wide education.

Learning trajectory of geometry proof construction: Studying the emerging understanding of the structure of Euclidean proof

This paper presents a learning trajectory of geometry proof (LTGP) for Indonesian prospective mathematics teachers (PMTs) during their first year of studies at an Indonesian university. The trajectory aims at PMTs’ progression of their understanding of the structure of proof and their proof construction abilities. We designed and implemented teaching materials with geometry problems based on the use of the flow-chart proof format and the model of understanding of proof structure from Miyazaki et al. (2017). We present an analysis of data from pre- and post-tests of proof construction problems, written answers to proof problems during intervention with 60 PMTs, and individual interviews with eight PMTs. We found that the intervention supports PMTs’ understanding of the structure of proof and their proof construction abilities. Our findings contribute to knowledge about teaching strategies to support students in their understanding and construction of a proof. From our findings, we suggest the use of the flow-chart proof format together with other more formal proof formats in creating, reading, and rewriting proof of geometric propositions and the use of open problems to encourage students to think forward and backwards interactively to help students plan for proof construction.

Social housing in Tomsk: Prospects of development, architectural and typological diversity

Purpose: The development of recommendations for the architectural design of the housing stock of social use.Design/methodology/approach: Before the residential house design, it is necessary to understand who are end-users. One of the main criteria to be considered in the design process is a family and its life. The statistical analysis of the data and graphic development of architectural and planning elements for each type of residential house based on the socio-demographic characteristics of families being in need for better housing conditions.Research findings: Research demonstrates architectural and planning solutions of a typological range of residential houses of social use in the city of Tomsk.Practical implications: Feasible parameter determination of architecture and planning of residential houses will ensure the mass construction of comfortable and healthy dwellings, which will contribute to the successful solution of an important social problem of the housing construction.

Mathematics Literacy of Grade 4 Elementary School Students in Solving HOTS Type Mathematics Problems

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of mathematical literacy possessed by students related to the completion of HOTS-type questions found in FPB and KPK content. Written exams, interviews, and documentation are the three data collection methods used in this study. The participants in this study were three children at Grade 4 Elementary School 001 Air Tiris. The level of the students' mathematical abilities ranged from high, medium, and low. The ability to solve problems and frame problems, the ability to apply mathematics, and the ability to communicate are the three components of mathematical literacy skills used in this study. The results of the study show that the use of HOTS-type math problems for learning mathematics improves problem solving, application of mathematics, and communication. According to the introduction to the section, There are still wrong answers, so each student's mathematical literacy is unique. Students have demonstrated the ability to understand and construct problems, particularly in the areas of problem solving and problem formulation. Students' conceptual and procedural problem-solving abilities in mathematics are limited, and this limits their ability to adequately apply mathematics to real-world situations. In terms of communicating, not all students are able to write responses in a logical way. In addition, they do not write down clear problem-solving strategies and do not include conclusions.

Dual‐objective optimization for petroleum molecular reconstruction based on property and composition similarities

AbstractPetroleum molecular reconstruction method can be used to calculate molecular composition from limited analytical data, which is the basis of the molecular‐level process modeling of petroleum refining. However, due to the problem of multiple solutions, it is difficult to obtain accurate and stable molecular compositional models. Therefore, based on the traditional bulk property constraints, composition similarity was proposed and a new petroleum molecular reconstruction method was proposed. In this article, diesel is taken as the study object, and the method was applied to construct various diesel compositional models. The results showed that the models' bulk properties and molecular fraction distribution were consistent with the experimental data. Finally, the method was applied to construct diesel compositional models of an actual refinery. With the reference oil compositional model as the molecular reference data, the problem of accurate construction of compositional models in a long‐term production process without detailed characterization data was solved.

The conservation of modern architectural heritage buildings in Turkey: İstanbul Hilton and İstanbul Çınar Hotel as a case study

This article contributes to the conservation of modern architectural heritage buildings by emphasizing the retrofitting of their construction systems. Modern architectural heritage buildings in Turkey are crucial in terms of transferring not only the cultural identity of the nations to further generations but also architectural sustainability of its distinguished period. By time, where these buildings can have constructional problems with its original structural systems, proposing a new system related with new earthquake regulations is inevitable in order to conserve them. Because most of the buildings are under threat of being demolished. The purpose of the research is to evaluate existing modern architectural heritage buildings in terms of its existing structural system and to develop a constructional model for renewal of them. As a case study, two hotel examples in İstanbul as a modern architectural heritage is selected, one is Hilton Hotel and the other is Çınar Hotel respectively. Then, the architectural plans and sections of the buildings as a data has been collected through literature survey by content analysis. At the end, the model proposal has been developed for each hotel buildings according to existing structural systems. The proposed models can be applied to sustain the life of the hotel buildings with a retrofitted structural system. So, the paper tries to conserve/protect the modern architectural heritage buildings by retrofitting its construction via presenting a remarkable study of two hotel buildings.