Probable Date Research Articles

Middle and Late Iron Age Occupation at Cadnam Farm, Alton, Hampshire

Three individual areas, totalling 0.55ha, were excavated at the Cadnam Farm site, following evaluation. Area 1 contained a D-shaped enclosure of Middle Iron Age date, associated with the remains of a roundhouse, and a ditched drove-way. Other features included refuse pits, a four-post structure and a small post-built structure of circular plan. Area 2 contained the superimposed foundation gullies of two Middle Iron Age roundhouses, adjacent to a probable third example. Area 3 contained a small number of Middle Iron Age pits, together with undated, post-built structures of probable Middle Iron Age date, including a roundhouse and four and six-post structures. Two large boundary ditches extended from the south-west corner of Area 3, and were interpreted as the funnelled entrance of a drove-way. These contained both domestic and industrial refuse of the late Iron Age date in their fills.

Epidemiological profile of pregnant women in a basic health unit in Sinop-MT

This study aims to verify the epidemiological profile of the pregnant women attending the Basic Health Unit (BHU) of the Jardim Botânico in Sinop Mato Grosso, who presented the probable date of delivery until January 2017. Tracing the epidemiological profile of pregnant women, we hope to obtain pertinent information to identify possible gestational problems, to list their social conditions that may negatively influence pregnancy, to identify possible gestational risk factors and to identify the main complaints of this population. The research has a descriptive profile, with quantitative and qualitative approach. Twenty women, aged 18 years and over, regardless of their obstetric history, were treated at BHU Jardim Botânico, who were registered at Sispre-natal and who agreed to participate in the study. Pregnant women under the age of 18 years, who are not registered in Sispre-natal, and those who are not willing to participate in the survey were excluded. Data collection was done through a structured questionnaire with closed and open questions, being performed individually or with the companion's company during pre-scheduled interviews that were performed at the health unit or at a place indicated by the pregnant woman. The quantitative data obtained during the study were analyzed, structured in spreadsheets and graphs through the programs Microsoft Office Excel and Word 2010, and the qualitative data were analyzed and distributed in categories according to Bardin method. To begin the data collection, the Ethics Committee of the Institution was requested in accordance with Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council. Participants signed the Free and Informed Consent Form, ensuring anonymity, confidentiality of data collected, right to withdraw from the study without any prejudice and authorization of access to the researcher and the results of the study.

Nadgrobni spomenik obitelji Qveresii iz Varvarije

Nadgrobni spomenik obitelji Qucresii potječe iz Varvarije, a nc. kako je prilikom prve objave obznanjeno, iz Burnuma. Članovi te obitelji su svježe romanizirani Li burni: Volusia M. f. Aei(ria?), majka, pripada barem drugoj generaciji s rimskim građanskim pravom, dodjela kojeg bi se mogla povezali s namjesnikom provincije Dalmacije L. Volusijcm Satuniinom. Otac, T . Queresius Aei. f, Latin, zadobija rimsko građansko pravo tek nakon rođenja sina, C. Volusija Maxima, u prije rođenja kćeri Queresiae T. f. Maximae i Queresiae T. f. Terliae. Uslijed toga sin zadobija građanski status po majci, a kćeri, vcč rođene u zakonitom braku dvoje rimskih građana, potpadaju pod očevu vlast. Gentilicij Queresius, koji bi mogao pripadati autohtonom imenskom fondu, prvi put se javlja na ovom spomeniku, koji se može datirati oko sredine 1. st. n. e.

THE ORIGINS OF TRADESCANT’S ‘INDIA OCCIDENTALI’ WOODEN CLUBS:14C DATING, MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION AND STRONTIUM ISOTOPE STUDIES

This paper focuses on the material study (radiocarbon dating, wood identification and strontium isotope analyses) of four large ‘India occidentali’ clubs, part of the founding collections of the Ashmolean Museum, in Oxford, and originally part of John Tradescant’s ‘Ark’, in Lambeth (1656). During the seventeenth century, the term ‘India occidentali/occidentales’ referred not only to the ‘West Indies’ (its literal translation), but to the Americas as a whole; hence, the Ashmolean clubs and, indeed, thecforty examples of similarly large, decorated clubs known in international museum collections had no firm provenance and lacked even the most basic information. Previous attempts at attribution, based on stylistic comparisons with nineteenth- to twentieth-century Brazilian and Guyanese clubs, have proved inconclusive given the unique features of this club style, raising the intriguing possibility that these may be exceptionally rare examples of ‘Island Carib’ (Kalinago) material culture, particularly as images of such clubs appear in seventeenth-century ethnographic accounts from the Lesser Antilles. This paper provides new data for these poorly known objects from early collections, revealing not only the type of wood from which they were carved (Platymisciumsp. andBrosimumcfguianense) and their probable dates of manufacture (c AD1300–1640), but also their possible provenance (strontium results are consistent with a possible range from Trinidad south to French Guiana).

The first possible evidence of the Aceramic Neolithic in the Iranian Central Plateau

Salvage excavations in Tehran have provided a small lithic assemblage of probable Aceramic Neolithic date. This may offer the earliest evidence for the spread of Neolithic culture across the vast Iranian Central Plateau.

Reconsidering a Sternean Attribution: Cambridge University Library's ‘Sterne Volume’

Sterneans have long accepted that a six-word annotation scrawled on ‘The Ballyspallan balad’, a manuscript poem found in a collection of Irish pamphlets, ballads, and other items, was penned by Laurence Sterne who, it has been assumed, compiled what is now commonly known as ‘the “Sterne volume”’. This identification, however, principally rests on the flimsy evidence of a one-sentence marginal note provided by the donor of this collection to Cambridge University Library, Henry Bradshaw, who calls it ‘my Sterne vol.’. The authors identify Bradshaw’s ‘Sterne’ not as Laurence, but as John Stearne, Bishop of Clogher, and close friend of Jonathan Swift. Both the probable date of the annotated poem and its connection with the trend for writing ‘Ballyspellan ballads’ places it within Stearne and Swift’s circle.

The Arizona Openwork (Tonto) Shirt Project

In 1923 a pair of hikers came across a series of objects in a cave near the Salt River in Arizona. Among the objects was an elaborate sprang shirt, later given to the Arizona State Museum where it remains to this date. The cotton yarn in the shirt was subjected to Carbon Dating and assigned a probable origin date of the 12th century. In order to better understand the shirt, a replica was made in early 2015. Diverse technical challenges included hand spinning an appropriate cotton yarn, mapping the pattern, accurately copying the irregularities, and creating the neckline. The project yielded surprising insights.

Between parson and poet: a re-examination of the Latin Continuation of William of Tyre

ABSTRACTAlthough historians of the crusades and the Latin East are familiar with the Old French translation and continuations of William of Tyre’s Historia, very little has ever been written about the narrative of the Third Crusade generally known as ‘the Latin Continuation of William of Tyre’. This article re-examines the probable date and sources of the Continuatio. Challenging long-standing assumptions about when the Continuatio was written and where the continuator drew his information from, it argues that the evidence points to an original date of composition in the early thirteenth century, not c.1194, as is commonly believed, and that the continuator used Roger of Howden’s Chronica, not his Gesta, as a principal written source. Furthermore, analysis of numerous parallels between the Continuatio and the vernacular Estoire de la guerre sainte attributed to the poet Ambroise reveals a possible relationship between the two texts that has hitherto gone largely unnoticed.

Romance and the Gentry in Late Medieval England. Michael Johnston. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Pp. xvi+301.

<i>Romance and the Gentry in Late Medieval England</i>. Michael Johnston. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Pp. xvi+301.

Hartapu and the Land of Maša

AbstractThe paper presents a re-interpretation of two longer Hieroglyphic-Luwian inscriptions from the group attributed to king Hartapu (KIZILDAĞ 4, § 2 and KARADAĞ 1). It is argued that this king should be identified as a king of Maša rather of Ḫatti or Tarḫundašša, which, in view of the probable dating of his monuments to 12

A PROBABILITY ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT SCHEDULE USING RISK MANAGEMENT TOOL

The construction industry tumbled along with the other industry/sectors during the recent economic crash. Construction business could not regain thereafter and is still passing through a slowdown phase, resulting in time and cost overrun of many real estate as well as infrastructure projects. There are many theories, tool and techniques with software packages available in the market to analyze construction schedule. This study focuses on the construction project schedule and uncertainties associated with construction activities. The infrastructure construction project has been considered for the analysis of uncertainty on project activities affecting project duration and analysis is done using @RISK software. Different simulation results arising from three probability distribution functions are compiled. This study helps construction project managers to plan and prepare more realistic schedules for construction projects and document probable project completion date in the contract to avoid compensations or claims arising due to missing the planned schedule. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/mijst.2017.31.104109 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

Atrapados sin salida: de nuevo con Sor Juana en Los empeños de una casa

Es tal la seducción de Los empeños de una casa de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, que una vez más volvemos a la lectura del texto y queremos saber más acerca de su primera representación. ¿Cuándo y cómo sería ésta? Las referencias al contexto histórico mencionadas en la comedia dieron pie a que se propusiera una fecha de representación; lo mismo su alusión en la propia obra a autores y personajes de otras comedias, que dio lugar a una fecha distinta. ¿Se ha resuelto lo relativo a la primera vez que se representó la comedia? Y debido a su larga extensión, ¿se representaría completa la primera vez que se llevó a cabo? Las piezas menores que acompañan a las tres jornadas de la comedia –una loa, tres canciones, dos sainetes y un sarao– ofrecen claves para situar la comedia en el contexto de la cartelera teatral de la época. Si bien no se resuelve plenamente lo relativo a la fecha de representación de la comedia, sí resulta clara su relación con otras dos comedias novohispanas puestas en escena en años cercanos. El tríptico teatral tiene en el centro Los empeños de una casa, y sus piezas menores son imprescindibles en el conjunto del festejo, espectacular y barroco.

Grouped Cases of Pulmonary Pneumocystosis After Solid Organ Transplantation: Advantages of Coordination by an Infectious Diseases Unit for Overall Management and Epidemiological Monitoring.

OBJECTIVE To determine the origin of grouped cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia in solid-organ transplant recipients at our institution. DESIGN A case series with clinical examinations, genotyping, and an epidemiological survey. SETTING A university hospital in France. PATIENTS We report 12 solid-organ transplant recipients with successive cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia that occurred over 3 years; 10 of these cases occurred in a single year. METHODS We used molecular typing of P. jirovecii strains by multilocus sequence typing and clinical epidemiological survey to determine potential dates and places of transmission. RESULTS Between May 2014 and March 2015, 10 solid-organ transplant recipients (5 kidney transplants, 4 heart transplants, and 1 lung transplant) presented with Pneumocystis pneumonia. Molecular genotyping revealed the same P. jirovecii strain in at least 6 patients. This Pneumocystis strain was not identified in control patients (ie, nontransplant patients presenting with pulmonary pneumocystosis) during this period. The epidemiological survey guided by sequencing results provided information on the probable or possible dates and places of contamination for 5 of these patients. The mobile infectious diseases unit played a coordination role in the clinical management (adaptation of the local guidelines) and epidemiological survey. CONCLUSION Our cardiac and kidney transplant units experienced grouped cases of pulmonary pneumocystosis. Genotyping and epidemiological surveying results suggested interhuman contamination, which was quickly eliminated thanks to multidisciplinary coordination. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:179-185.

AMİSOS’DA SIRADIŞI BİR YERALTI OYGU ODA MEZAR

An important type of grave in Amisos and its vicinity has been underground rock-cut burial chambers. In-situ findings from these chambers provide valuable data conceerning the Hellenistic and Roman Period burial traditions in Amisos. Undoubtedly the most important of such graves was encountered in 1995 during the road building work at Cedit neighbourhood, Ebusuud Street. The findings encountered in this chamber grave have been published enormously especially the golden finds attracted interest however no publications regarding the original situation of the grave, the in-situ locations of the grave gifts with a detailed description of the gifts, probable dating of the items and an evaluation of the chamber grave and findings with regard to Hellenistic burial traditions in Amisos were made. A detailed study of such a grave with abundant grave gifts and peculiar architectural characteristics which were not observed in other chamber graves in Amisos is essential as it would provide important clues about the economical structure of Amisos both during and after the Hellenistic Period. Moreover, the existence of similar chamber graves and findings in other Hellenistic colonies in Black Sea Region suggests strong political, social and trade links among the maritime cities in the region. Within the study the discovery of the chamber grave is given in detail. The grave gifts were carefully classified and the in-situ locations of these were 3-D drawn and the findings were dated using their parallels. The findings were catalogued and the building techniques were discussed. Lastly, which traditions were prevalent in Amisos during the Hellenistic Period as illustrated by the chamber grave and the grave gifts were discussed.

Case Study: A Sample of Slip Painted Buff Ware to Treasury of Tehran BONYAD Museum

Pottery production within Islamic lands including Iran in Samanid era went through profound changes. At this time, slip painted pottery is among the most beautiful and, at the same time, mysterious pottery in Islamic eras having various ornamental patterns. At museums and diverse collections of the world, there exist so many samples of this pottery kind, some of them having certificate and some have not been studied yet. At Treasury of Tehrn’s Bonyad Museum, a sample of slip painted Buff ware by a motif in the form of a man holding a cup is preserved that to date no information around it has been published. In this study, this object will be introduced. The study was conducted through a corresponding – descriptive method and its date collection was done by field and attributive method within which corresponding the object under study with certificated samples in other collections was done with the aim of introducing and answering to these two questions where and when the probable construction site and date of this pottery is. Finally, this result was achieved that this sample is among Nishapur’s productions and relating to the third and fourth centuries (LY).

‘When Going to Saint James’: An Old Russian Graffito from the 12th Century in Aquitania

In 2015 in Pons, in the former province of Saintonge, an Old Russian pilgrim graffito was found on the wall of the parish church of St. Vivien, a monument of the mid-12th century. It is the second graffito found in France after the one discovered at St. Gilles Abbey. The town of Pons is located on the westernmost route of Santiago de Compostela (via Turonensis) and is noteworthy because of the preserved pilgrim almshouse of the latter half of the 12th century. On the walls of its long archway are horseshoe drawings made by medieval pilgrims, the latest of which, dating from the 16th–17th centuries, bends around a name that is also apparently written in Cyrillic script. The earlier inscription, which appears at the base of the northern end wall of the original façade of the St. Vivien church, is made in the name of one Ivan Zavidovich: “Ivano ps[а]lo Zavi|doviche ida ko | svętomu Ię|kovu” (= ‘Ivan Zavidovich wrote this when going to Saint James’). The most probable palaeographic dating is in the 1160s–1180s. As suggested by birch bark manuscripts, the name of Ivan’s father, Zavid, was popular among Novgorod boyars. Novgorod is also the place with the greatest indirect evidence of the occurrence in Old Russia of the western cult of St. James. This well preserved inscription is an important epigraphic discovery, but its main value lies in the direct evidence of pilgrimages by Russians to the shrine of St. James in Galicia.

Ponovno otkriveni srednjovjekovni rukopis Codex Filippi i zadarska redakcija Pasije sv. Anastazije*

Zadar’s medieval manuscript known as Cod. Lat. Iaderensis Filippi (S. Mariae) has been rediscovered after its whereabouts were unknown following its translocation from Zadar during World War II and its acquisition in London in 1997. The most recent research on the manuscript, which was familiar to the older experts on Zadar’s hagiography, has confirmed many of the previous conclusions and suggestions, but the possibility to work on the manuscript itself after almost a century has also brought new insights about its nature and the nature of the legends contained therein. As the older experts argued, it is a segment of a once far larger liturgical codex (of some 300 pages) owned by the Benedictine monastery of St Chrysogonus. The author has accepted the conclusions of the previous researchers and suggested that the manuscript should be described as Legendarium. In its present form (consisting of only 21 sheets), the Cod. Lat. Iaderensis Filippi (S. Mariae) contains two hagiographic legends: a late antique Passio Sanctae Anastasiae and a local legend called Translatio Beati Grisogoni martyris. Based on a codicological and palaeographic analysis, as well as the stylistic and iconographic features of the preserved miniatures and other decorative elements, the author has suggested the period between the late 13th and late 14th centuries as the probable date of its making. Having thus delimited the approximate terminus ante quem for this redaction of the two legends about the saints of Zadar, the author has further suggested a link between this variant of the Passio Sanctae Anastasiae and other known medieval versions of that originally late antique legend. Based on the content, palaeography, and style of the manuscript, the codex has been compared to similar liturgical books from a wider northern Adriatic area. Having observed some analogies (primarily in terms of content and language) with a group of manuscripts from a wider Aquileian area, the author has further suggested a link between the Passio Sanctae Anastasiae preserved in the manuscript and a northern Italian redaction of the legend, thus paving the way for further research on the origins of Zadar’s cult and hagiography of St Anastasia and St Chrysogonus.

A Spatiotemporal Stochastic Framework Of Groundwater Fluctuation Analysis On The South - Eastern Part Of The Great Hungarian Plain

Abstract The current study was performed on a Hungarian area where the groundwater has been highly affected in the past 40 years by climate change. The stochastic estimation framework of groundwater as a spatiotemporally varying dynamic phenomenon is proposed. The probabilistic estimation of the water depth is performed as a joint realization of spatially correlated hydrographs, where parametric temporal trend models are fitted to the measured time series thereafter regionalized in space. Two types of trend models are evaluated. Due to its simplicity the purely mathematical trend can be used to analyze long-term groundwater trends, the average water fluctuation range and to determine the most probable date of peak groundwater level. The one which takes advantage of the knowledge of expected groundwater changes, clearly over performed the purely mathematical model, and it is selected for the construction of a spatiotemporal trend. Model fitting error values are considered as a set of stochastic time series which expresses short-term anomalies of the groundwater, and they are modelled as joint space-time distribution. The resulting spatiotemporal residual field is added to the trend field, thus resulting 125 simulated realizations, which are evaluated probabilistically. The high number of joint spatiotemporal realizations provides alternative groundwater datasets as boundary conditions for a wide variety of environmental models, while the presented procedure behaves more robust over non-complete datasets.

An Unknown English Translation of Virgil's Third Georgic (c.1800)

This article supplies the 757 lines of this never-before-printed translation into English couplet verse found in BL MS Add. 38448A. The author's identity is currently unknown, but circumstantial detail suggests that Robert Jenkinson, the second Lord Liverpool, was his patron. An introduction explains the manuscript's context and probable date.

Candida: An Ante-Nicene Martyr in Persia

The Syriac passion account of Candida, a third-century Christian wife of the Persian king, has received scant acknowledgement in modern scholarship. The account of her martyrdom is valuable as an unexplored parallel to the better-known female martyrs from the Roman world, for its probable early date relative to other Persian martyr narratives and for providing a valuable window into the obscure world of early Syriac Christianity. This article aims to bring this sequestered martyr into the broader scholarly conversation about martyrdom in early Christianity through an analysis of its historical context and its literary character.