Probabilistic Machine Research Articles

Machine learning prediction of the unconfined compressive strength of controlled low strength material using fly ash and pond ash.

The sustainable use of industrial byproducts in civil engineering is a global priority, especially in reducing the environmental impact of waste materials. Among these, coal ash from thermal power plants poses a significant challenge due to its high production volume and potential for environmental pollution. This study explores the use of controlled low-strength material (CLSM), a flowable fill made from coal ash, cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures, as a solution for large-scale coal ash utilization. CLSM is suitable for both structural and geotechnical applications, balancing waste management with resource conservation. This research focuses on two key CLSM properties: flowability and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) at 28days. Traditional testing methods are resource-intensive, and empirical models often fail to accurately predict UCS due to complex nonlinear relationships among variables. To address these limitations, four machine learning models-minimax probability machine regression (MPMR), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), the group method of data handling (GMDH), and functional networks (FN) were employed to predict UCS. The MARS model performed best, achieving R2 values of 0.9642 in training and 0.9439 in testing, with the lowest comprehensive measure (COM) value of 1.296. Sensitivity analysis revealed that cement content was the most significant factor with obtaining R = 0.88, followed by water (R = 0.82), flowability (R = 0.79), pond ash (R = 0.78), curing period (R = 0.73), and fine content (R = 0.68), with fly ash (R = 0.55) having the least impact. These machine learning models provide superior accuracy compared to traditional methods, particularly in handling complex interactions between mix components. The proposed models offer a practical approach for predicting CLSM performance, supporting sustainable construction practices and the efficient use of industrial byproducts. The novelty of this study lies in the development of precise design equations for evaluating UCS, promoting both practical applicability and environmental sustainability.

Probabilistic Machine Learning: New Frontiers for Modeling Consumers and their Choices

Making sense of massive, individual-level data is challenging: marketing researchers and analysts need flexible models that can accommodate rich patterns of heterogeneity and dynamics, work with and link diverse data types, and scale to modern data sizes. Practitioners also need tools that can quantify uncertainty in models and predictions of consumer behavior to inform optimal decision-making. In this paper, we demonstrate the promise of probabilistic machine learning (PML), which refers to the pairing of probabilistic modeling and machine learning methods, in pushing the frontier of combining flexibility, scalability, interpretability, and uncertainty quantification for building better models of consumers and their choices. Specifically, we overview both PML models and inference methods, and highlight their utility for addressing four common classes of marketing problems: (1) uncovering heterogeneity, (2) flexibly modeling nonlinearities and dynamics, (3) handling high-dimensional and unstructured data, and (4) addressing missingness, often via data fusion. We also discuss promising directions in enriching marketing models, reflecting recent developments in representation learning, causal inference, experimentation and decision-making, and theory-based behavioral modeling.

A minute-resolution downscaling algorithm for high-resolution global irradiance time series

Numerous studies have demonstrated the significant impact of the resolution of solar irradiation data on the outcomes of hourly production models. Accurate integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems sometimes demands a high-resolution global horizontal irradiance (GHI) time series to capture the rapid fluctuations in PV power output induced by swift irradiance changes. Most of the available databases provide data at hourly resolution, leading to a lack of accuracy in PV simulations. Those existing hourly averages of global horizontal irradiance in open sources fail to represent this volatility adequately, especially when PV systems are coupled with fast ramp rate technologies. In the present work, an easy-to-use algorithm is implemented to synthesize high-resolution GHI time series from hourly averaged and clear sky irradiance datasets. By employing Linear interpolation, a technique that helps to achieve the desired time resolution and afterward computing critical factors, the algorithm identifies periods characterized by short-term weather phenomena, thus creating a high-resolution time series that accurately represents these dynamics. Avoiding the probabilistic components and machine learning techniques conserves computational power and reduces calculation time, but this comes at the cost of reduced fidelity in reproducing the results. Improving accuracy in PV simulations is not always directly related to reproducing real phenomena, but enhancing the amount of information contained in the data is sufficient. This study’s approach enhances user-friendliness and facilitates seamless integration into existing energy modeling frameworks, aiming for representation with sub-hourly time steps. The algorithm’s effectiveness is demonstrated by applying the model to hourly averaged data to revert them to a one-minute time step, and finally comparing the synthetically produced one-minute GHI data to the original measured data. The comparative analysis between synthesized and measured data demonstrated a strong agreement, with normalized mean bias error (MBE) values ranging between 1.8% and 9.6% and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) values between 2.7% and 16.1%, depending on weather conditions. Additionally, the coefficient of determination (R2) consistently remained above 0.64. Successful algorithm validation makes our algorithm suitable for use in meteorological datasets and locations, with similar climatic characteristics.

Embedded feature selection for robust probability learning machines

Methods:Feature selection is essential for building effective machine learning models in binary classification. Eliminating unnecessary features can reduce the risk of overfitting and improve classification performance. Moreover, the data we handle typically contains a stochastic component, making it important to develop robust models that are insensitive to data perturbations. Although there are numerous methods and tools for feature selection, relatively few studies address embedded feature selection within robust classification models using penalization techniques. Objective:In this work, we introduce robust classifiers with integrated feature selection capabilities, utilizing probability machines based on different penalization techniques, such as the ℓ1-norm or the elastic-net, combined with a novel Direct Feature Elimination process to improve model resilience and efficiency. Findings:Numerical experiments on standard datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed models in classification tasks even when using a reduced number of features. These experiments were evaluated using original performance indicators, highlighting the models’ ability to maintain high performance with fewer features. Novelty:The study discusses the trade-offs involved in combining different penalties to select the most relevant features while minimizing empirical risk. In particular, the integration of elastic-net and ℓ1-norm penalties within a unified framework, combined with the original Direct Feature Elimination approach, presents a novel method for improving both model accuracy and robustness.

Improving the classification of rock samples with diffusion probabilistic machine learning

Machine learning is a powerful data-driven technology for regression and classification tasks in numerous branches of science and technology. With probabilistic machine learning, we can approximate the probability density function of a given digital data set, unlocking the sampling of new and realistic data. We implement probabilistic machine learning as a statistical-based data augmentation tool to effectively improve the performance of a classifier on scarce data sets. Limited data are the norm in most practical situations, as is the case with core samples retrieved from unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Obtaining and properly labeling rock sample images is a manual and time-consuming task. This leads to scarce data sets that make the lithologic classification of rock samples challenging. We illustrate the technology on images taken from well cores from the Argentinean Neuquén and Austral basins, where by introducing generated samples in the training stage of a machine-learning classifier, we achieve a 5% higher accuracy with respect to the baseline obtained using the same number of samples from the original data set. We reach these results by proposing a lightweight workflow that can be run on very limited hardware. Our workflow is an alternative to classical data augmentation strategies for dealing with incomplete information, such as geometric transformations.

State-of-the-Art Probabilistic Solar Power Forecasting: A Structured Review

In recent years, the installed capacity increment with regard to solar power generation has been highlighted as a crucial role played by Photovoltaic (PV) generation forecasting in integrating a growing number of distributed PV sites into power systems. Nevertheless, because of the PV generation’s unpredictable nature, deterministic point forecast methods struggle to accurately assess the uncertainties associated with PV generation. This paper presents a detailed structured review of the state-of-the-art concerning Probabilistic Solar Power Forecasting (PSPF), which covers forecasting methods, model comparison, forecasting horizon and quantification metrics. Our review methodology leverages the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach to systematically identify primary data sources, focusing on keywords such as probabilistic forecasting, Deep Learning (DL), and Machine learning (ML). Through an extensive and rigorous search of renowned databases such as SCOPUS and Web of Science (WoS), we identified 36 relevant studies (n=36). Consequently, expert scholars decided to develop three themes: (1) Conventional PSPF, (2) PSPF utilizing ML, and (3) PSPF using DL. Probabilistic forecasting is an invaluable tool concerning power systems, especially regarding the rising proportion of renewable energy sources in the energy mix. We tackle the inherent uncertainty of renewable generation, maintain grid stability, and promote efficient energy management and planning. In the end, this research contributes to the development of a power system that is more resilient, reliable, and sustainable.

Evaluating the variance of individual halo properties in constrained cosmological simulations

ABSTRACT Constrained cosmological simulations play an important role in modelling the local Universe, enabling investigation of the dark matter content of local structures and their formation. We introduce an internal method for quantifying the extent to which the variance of individual halo properties is suppressed by the constraints imposed on the initial conditions. We apply it to the Constrained Simulations in BORG (CSiBORG) suite of 101 high-resolution realizations across the posterior probability distribution of initial conditions from the Bayesian Origin Reconstruction from Galaxies (BORG) algorithm. The method is based on the overlap of the initial Lagrangian patch of a halo in one simulation with those in another, measuring the degree to which the haloes’ particles are initially coincident. This addresses the extent to which the imposed large-scale structure constraints reduce the variance of individual halo properties. We find consistent reconstructions of $M\gtrsim 10^{14}~\mathrm{M}_\odot \, h^{-1}$ haloes, indicating that the constraints from the BORG algorithm are sufficient to pin down the masses, positions, and peculiar velocities of clusters to high precision, though we do not assess how well they reproduce observations of the local Universe. The effect of the constraints tapers off towards lower mass, and the halo spins and concentrations are largely unconstrained at all masses. We document the advantages of evaluating halo consistency in the initial conditions and describe how the method may be used to quantify our knowledge of the halo field given galaxy survey data analysed through the lens of probabilistic inference machines such as BORG.

Mechanical properties and probabilistic models of wood and engineered wood products: A review of green construction materials

Wood and engineered wood products are green construction materials with excellent mechanical properties, widely utilized in various buildings and bridges. This paper reviews their short-term and long-term mechanical properties and probabilistic models. Short-term mechanical properties analysis reveals strong tensile (up to 165 MPa) and bending strengths (up to 264 MPa), contrasted by lower compressive strength (up to 103 MPa) and minimal shear/rolling strength (up to 14 MPa). These properties vary based on species type, lay-up angle, and dimensions, and are mutually influential. It also demonstrated that innovative techniques such as compression and cross-laminated lay-ups enhance the strength and sustainability of wood products, utilizing smaller logs effectively and reducing carbon emissions. For long-term mechanical properties, empirical models typically used for creep strength assessment fail to account for load duration variability, a gap partly addressed by damage accumulation models which require further development. The considerable time for long-term tests underlines the need for developing accelerated load tests to more effectively assess durability. As for probabilistic models, numerical methods and machine learning provide advanced probabilistic models by analyzing extensive data, offering significant improvements over traditional experimental methods.The global contribution of the work is mainly to enhance the understanding of wood and engineered wood products for properly design and extensive application of timber structures in civil engineering and promoting sustainable development.

Probabilistic machine learning to improve generalisation of data-driven turbulence modelling

A probabilistic machine learning model is introduced to augment the k−ωSST turbulence model in order to improve the modelling of separated flows and the generalisability of learnt corrections. Increasingly, machine learning methods have been used to leverage experimental and high-fidelity simulation data, improving the accuracy of the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence models widely used in industry. A significant challenge for such methods is their ability to generalise to unseen geometries and flow conditions. Furthermore, heterogeneous datasets containing a mix of experimental and simulation data must be efficiently handled. In this work, field inversion and an ensemble of Gaussian Process Emulators (GPEs) is employed to address both of these challenges. The ensemble model is applied to a range of benchmark test cases, demonstrating improved turbulence modelling for cases involving separated flows with adverse pressure gradients, where RANS simulations are understood to be unreliable. Perhaps more significantly, the simulation reverted to the uncorrected model in regions of the flow exhibiting physics outside of the training data.

Collaborating across government agencies to combine linkage processes and algorithms to create an Australian National Linkage Spine (NLS) to facilitate cross-jurisdictional linkage

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) are co-technical lead agencies for developing the National Disability Data Asset (NDDA) which will bring together data across jurisdictions to build a more complete picture of the lives of people with disability. ABS and AIHW are collaboratively building a National Linkage Spine (NLS), a high-quality high-coverage population dataset to be shared under new legislation to facilitate cross-jurisdictional linkage and build the NDDA. ABS and AIHW each have extensive data integration experience, however our linkage methods have evolved differently in response to the needs of our respective researcher client bases and the datasets we work with. An ABS-AIHW cross-agency team was established to align terminology and share data processing methods, linkage approaches, and locally built linkage tools. The team collaborated on the design of an NLS that combines the best aspects of each of our approaches. The NLS build methodology delivers aligned processing of input data and applies a combination of ABS’s deterministic linkage algorithm and AIHW’s probabilistic linkage and machine learning algorithms. The NLS was peer reviewed by its future jurisdictional users and is considered fit for purpose for delivering the NDDA. The open sharing of knowledge and tools has significantly benefited both agencies and the broader NDDA project. Takeaways from this project extend beyond it, with improved data process approaches being considered by each agency in other work, and a growing common agreement of linkage best practice.

Photonic probabilistic machine learning using quantum vacuum noise

Probabilistic machine learning utilizes controllable sources of randomness to encode uncertainty and enable statistical modeling. Harnessing the pure randomness of quantum vacuum noise, which stems from fluctuating electromagnetic fields, has shown promise for high speed and energy-efficient stochastic photonic elements. Nevertheless, photonic computing hardware which can control these stochastic elements to program probabilistic machine learning algorithms has been limited. Here, we implement a photonic probabilistic computer consisting of a controllable stochastic photonic element – a photonic probabilistic neuron (PPN). Our PPN is implemented in a bistable optical parametric oscillator (OPO) with vacuum-level injected bias fields. We then program a measurement-and-feedback loop for time-multiplexed PPNs with electronic processors (FPGA or GPU) to solve certain probabilistic machine learning tasks. We showcase probabilistic inference and image generation of MNIST-handwritten digits, which are representative examples of discriminative and generative models. In both implementations, quantum vacuum noise is used as a random seed to encode classification uncertainty or probabilistic generation of samples. In addition, we propose a path towards an all-optical probabilistic computing platform, with an estimated sampling rate of ~1 Gbps and energy consumption of ~5 fJ/MAC. Our work paves the way for scalable, ultrafast, and energy-efficient probabilistic machine learning hardware.

Choosing the right treatment - combining clinicians' expert knowledge with data-driven predictions.

This study proposes a Bayesian network model to aid mental health specialists making data-driven decisions on suitable treatments. The aim is to create a probabilistic machine learning model to assist psychologists in selecting the most suitable treatment for individuals for four potential mental disorders: Depression, Panic Disorder, Social Phobia, or Specific Phobia. This study utilized a dataset from 1,094 individuals in Denmark containing socio-demographic details and mental health information. A Bayesian network was initially employed in a purely data-driven approach and was later refined with expert knowledge, referred to as a hybrid model. The model outputted probabilities for each disorder, with the highest probability indicating the most suitable disorder for treatment. By incorporating expert knowledge, the model demonstrated enhanced performance compared to a strictly data-driven approach. Specifically, it achieved an AUC score of 0.85 vs 0.80 on the test data. Furthermore, we evaluated some cases where the predictions of the model did not match the actual treatment. The symptom questionnaires indicated that these participants likely had comorbid disorders, with the actual treatment being proposed by the model with the second highest probability. In 90.1% of cases, the hybrid model ranked the actual disorder treated as either the highest (67.3%) or second-highest (22.8%) on the test data. This emphasizes that instead of suggesting a single disorder to be treated, the model can offer the probabilities for multiple disorders. This allows individuals seeking treatment or their therapists to incorporate this information as an additional data-driven factor when collectively deciding on which treatment to prioritize.

Sparse Bayesian learning using TMB (Template Model Builder)

Sparse Bayesian Learning, and more specifically the Relevance Vector Machine (RVM), can be used in supervised learning for both classification and regression problems. Such methods are particularly useful when applied to big data in order to find a sparse (in weight space) representation of the model. This paper demonstrates that the Template Model Builder (TMB) is an accurate and flexible computational framework for implementation of sparse Bayesian learning methods.The user of TMB is only required to specify the joint likelihood of the weights and the data, while the Laplace approximation of the marginal likelihood is automatically evaluated to numerical precision. This approximation is in turn used to estimate hyperparameters by maximum marginal likelihood. In order to reduce the computational cost of the Laplace approximation we introduce the notion of an “active set” of weights, and we devise an algorithm for dynamically updating this set until convergence, similar to what is done in other RVM type methods. We implement two different methods using TMB; the RVM and the Probabilistic Feature Selection and Classification Vector Machine method, where the latter also performs feature selection. Experiments based on benchmark data show that our TMB implementation performs comparable to that of the original implementation, but at a lower implementation cost. TMB can also calculate model and prediction uncertainty, by including estimation uncertainty from both latent variables and the hyperparameters. In conclusion, we find that TMB is a flexible tool that facilitates implementation and prototyping of sparse Bayesian methods.

Scalable interpolation of satellite altimetry data with probabilistic machine learning

We present GPSat; an open-source Python programming library for performing efficient interpolation of non-stationary satellite altimetry data, using scalable Gaussian process techniques. We use GPSat to generate complete maps of daily 50 km-gridded Arctic sea ice radar freeboard, and find that, relative to a previous interpolation scheme, GPSat offers a 504 × computational speedup, with less than 4 mm difference on the derived freeboards on average. We then demonstrate the scalability of GPSat through freeboard interpolation at 5 km resolution, and Sea-Level Anomalies (SLA) at the resolution of the altimeter footprint. Interpolated 5 km radar freeboards show strong agreement with airborne data (linear correlation of 0.66). Footprint-level SLA interpolation also shows improvements in predictive skill over linear regression. In this work, we suggest that GPSat could overcome the computational bottlenecks faced in many altimetry-based interpolation routines, and hence advance critical understanding of ocean and sea ice variability over short spatio-temporal scales.

Developing probabilistic ensemble machine learning models for home-based sleep apnea screening using overnight SpO2 data at varying data granularity.

This study aims to develop sleep apnea screening models with overnight SpO2 data, and to investigate the impact of the SpO2 data granularity on model performance. A total of 7,718 SpO2 recordings from the SHHS and MESA datasets were used. Probabilistic ensemble machine learning was employed to predict sleep apnea status at three AHI cutoff points: ≥ 5, ≥ 15, and ≥ 30 events/hour. To investigate the impact of data granularity, SpO2 data were aggregated at 30, 60, and 300s. Our models demonstrated good to excellent performance on internal test, with average area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.91, 0.93, and 0.96 for cutoffs ≥ 5, ≥ 15, and ≥ 30 at data granularity of 1s, respectively. Both sensitivity (0.76, 0.84, 0.89) and specificity (0.87, 0.86, 0.90) ranged from good to excellent across three cutoffs. Positive predictive values (PPV) ranged from excellent to fair (0.97, 0.83, 0.66), and negative predictive values (NPV) ranged from low to excellent (0.43, 0.87, 0.98). Model performance on external test slightly dropped compared to internal test, but still achieved good to excellent AUC above 0.80 across all data granularity and all the three cutoffs. Data granularity of 300s led to a reduction in performance metrics across all cutoffs. Our models demonstrated superior performance across all three AHI cutoff thresholds compared to existing large sleep apnea screening models, even when considering varying SpO2 data granularity. However, lower data granularity was associated with decreased screening performance, indicating a need for further research in this area.

A probabilistic machine learning framework for stiffness tensor estimation of carbon composite laminate

The potential uses of carbon composite material are vast, particularly in the civil, mechanical and aero-structures. Nonetheless, the practical utilization of carbon composite faces challenges due to complex experimental methods and imprecise algorithms for inverting material properties. Characterization of full set of stiffness tensor for an anisotropic material in particular orthotropic material can be considered as a complex non-linear inversion problem. The inversion process requires a robust optimization algorithm and forward models. The complexity of this inversion process impedes the practical utility in large-scale automation and in real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) application. To cater this, in this work an advanced probabilistic machine learning framework based on multi-output Gaussian process regression (moGPR) is proposed as an inversion algorithm. The inversion algorithm proposed is based on probabilistic framework that utilises the dispersion of Lamb waves as an input for optimal estimation of stiffness tensor. Experimental measurements of full wavefield data of propagating waves are conducted by scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Further, an optimal training dataset is generated by employing a forward model based on stiffness matrix method (SMM). In the presence of measurement uncertainties, the effectiveness of the optimal prediction algorithm is showcased through a comparison between the estimated parameter and its ground truth. This comparison reveals that the proposed inversion algorithm is both efficient and robust, delivering satisfactory performance even in the presence of substantial measurement uncertainties.

Reliability‐based state parameter liquefaction probability prediction using soft computing techniques

The state parameter (ѱ) accounts for both relative density and effective stress, which influence the cyclic stress or liquefaction characteristic of the soil significantly. This study presents a ѱ‐based probabilistic liquefaction evaluation method using six soft computing (SC) techniques. The liquefaction probability of failure (PL) is calculated using the first‐order second moment (FOSM) method based on the cone penetration test (CPT) database. Then, six SC techniques, such as Gaussian process regression (GPR), relevance vector machine (RVM), functional network (FN), genetic programming (GP), minimax probability machine regression (MPMR) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), are used to predict PL. The performance of these models is examined using nine statistical indices. Additionally, plots such as regression plots, Taylor diagrams, error matrix and rank analysis are shown to assess the SC model's performance. Finally, sensitivity analysis is performed using the cosine amplitude method (CAM) to assess the influence of input parameters on output. The current study demonstrates that SC models based on state parameter predict PL effectively. RVM and MPMR models closely follow the GPR model in terms of performance, which is superior to the other models. Notably, two equations are generated using GP and MARS models to predict PL. The results of the sensitivity analysis reveal the magnitude of earthquake (Mw) as the most sensitive parameter. The outcomes of this research will offer risk evaluations for geotechnical engineering designs and expand the use of state parameter‐based SC models in liquefaction analysis.

AI-based derivation of atrial fibrillation phenotypes in the general and critical care populations

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart arrhythmia worldwide and is linked to a higher risk of mortality and morbidity. To predict AF and AF-related complications, clinical risk scores are commonly employed, but their predictive accuracy is generally limited, given the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of patients with AF. By classifying different presentations of AF into coherent and manageable clinical phenotypes, the development of tailored prevention and treatment strategies can be facilitated. In this study, we propose an artificial intelligence (AI)-based methodology to derive meaningful clinical phenotypes of AF in the general and critical care populations. Our approach employs generative topographic mapping, a probabilistic machine learning method, to identify micro-clusters of patients with similar characteristics. It then identifies macro-cluster regions (clinical phenotypes) in the latent space using Ward's minimum variance method. We applied it to two large cohort databases (UK-Biobank and MIMIC-IV) representing general and critical care populations. The proposed methodology showed its ability to derive meaningful clinical phenotypes of AF. Because of its probabilistic foundations, it can enhance the robustness of patient stratification. It also produced interpretable visualisation of complex high-dimensional data, enhancing understanding of the derived phenotypes and their key characteristics. Using our methodology, we identified and characterised clinical phenotypes of AF across diverse patient populations. Our methodology is robust to noise, can uncover hidden patterns and subgroups, and can elucidate more specific patient profiles, contributing to more robust patient stratification, which could facilitate the tailoring of prevention and treatment programs specific to each phenotype. It can also be applied to other datasets to derive clinically meaningful phenotypes of other conditions. This study was funded by the DECIPHER project (LJMU QR-PSF) and the EU project TARGET (10113624).

Can we learn from matter creation to solve the H0\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$H_{0}$$\\end{document} tension problem?

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Physical Education Teaching Quality Assessment Model Based on Gaussian Process Machine Learning Algorithm

Physical education is an integral component of academic curricula focused on promoting overall health and well-being through physical activity and exercise. It encompasses a range of activities designed to enhance students' physical fitness, motor skills, and knowledge of healthy lifestyle habits. In addition to fostering physical development, physical education contributes to the development of social skills, teamwork, and discipline. Students engage in various sports, fitness routines, and educational modules that encourage a lifelong commitment to an active and healthy lifestyle. This demand for improvement in the teaching quality assessment of physical education among the students. Hence, this paper proposed a novel Gaussian Hidden Chain Probabilistic Machine Learning (GHCP-ML). The proposed GHCP-ML model estimates the features for the teaching quality assessment using the Gaussian Hidden Chain model. With the proposed GHCP-ML model features related to the teaching assessment of the physical education are computed. The proposed GHCP-ML model uses the machine learning model for the assessment and computation of the factors related to the teaching quality of students in physical education. With the Gaussian Chain model, the factors related to physical education are evaluated for the classification of the relationship between physical education and teaching quality assessment. Simulation analysis demonstrated that with the proposed GHCP-ML model physical education is improved significantly with teaching quality by ~12% than the conventional techniques. The student physical education performance is improved by more than 80% with the proposed GHCP-ML model compared with the conventional techniques.