Private Teachers Research Articles

Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Financial Technology, dan Gaya Hidup terhadap Perilaku Keuangan Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak

The current teaching profession is very promising in terms of income, especially for those who have obtained a professional diploma. The government provides additional income or allowances for public and private teachers through a teacher qualification certification program. The government is trying to improve the professionalism of teachers, but in reality, there are not a few teachers who view from the wrong point of view that the professional allowance is a teacher's right and a government obligation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of financial literacy, financial technology, and lifestyle on financial behavior in kindergarten teachers in the Sukolilo District, Surabaya City. Determination of the sample using the slovin method with purposive sampling technique resulted in a total sample of 74 respondents. The data analysis technique used is Partial square (PLS). The results of this study indicate that financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on financial behavior, financial technology is not significant to financial behavior, and lifestyle has a positive and significant effect on financial behavior.

Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in Female Elementary School Teachers of Karachi, Pakistan

Background: Female teachers like other professionals, also face stress and exhaustion due to their jobs, which may lead to burnout. Objective: To investigate the various degrees of burnout and its association with demographic factors on female teachers of private and public sector elementary schools, Karachi Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 800 female teachers in Karachi Pakistan, from January to May 2017. MBI-HSS was used as an instrument for this extensive study, data was stored and analyzed on IBM-SPSS version 22.0. Pearson chi-square was done to see the association of demographics with burnout, one-way ANOVA to compare scores of MBI with marital status and zone, Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons between the groups, and Cronbach's alpha to evaluate the measure of internal consistency. Results: The results revealed that among the female elementary school teachers, a total of 96.9% reported burnout (13% mild, 58% moderate, 19.6% severe, 6.3% extreme) and 3.1% had no burnout. Burnout varies with marital status (highest in married participants) and zone (highest in east zone) (p values<0.05) only. One-way ANOVA demonstrate that the separated women had higher mean scores on MBI scales compared to married & unmarried women (p-value =0.48), furthermore, East zone respondents have higher MBI scores as compared to all other regions. Tukey’s test showed that East zone gave significant mean differences for south and west zone (P-value <0.05). Cronbach’s alpha was found to be (0.384) for the overall scale confirming the reliability of subscales and MBI. Conclusion: Our results show a high prevalence of burnout and the positive association of Burnout with marital status and zones.

Consequences of COVID-19 Confinement for Teachers: Family-Work Interactions, Technostress, and Perceived Organizational Support.

The confinement experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a rethink of the teaching–learning process to which teachers have responded without planning and instead used their resources. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between work–family interactions, technostress, and perceived organizational support in teachers during the confinement period in Spain that began in March 2020. An online survey was administered to 640 pre-school, primary, and secondary school teachers. Positive reciprocal work–family interactions and their relationship with organizational support were found, with differences according to gender, with women showing a more negative perception of the impact on the family. There were no marked levels of technostress in the overall sample, although higher levels of perceived ineffectiveness and skepticism were found in teachers aged 46 years or older. Teachers in private and subsidized schools showed a higher level of perceived support than those in public schools. There is a need to continue this work to verify the values of these dimensions in other contexts and to apply institutional measures and public policies to improve these indicators in this group.

Peran Guru Private Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Desa Paya Perupuk Kecamatan Tanjung Pura Kabupaten Langkat

The role of private teachers can be a place to mprove the quality and achievement of students. The teacher is seen as a person who is responsible for the success or failure of learning activities for each individual change, both in terms of providing motivation, forstering moral values and also as a controller for each student. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of private teachers in increasing learning motivation in pandemic covid 19 paya perupuk village, Tanjung Pura district, Langkat Regency. The research method with an approach in conducting research that is oriented toward fenomena, observation, interview and study documentation. This research shows that in general it can be described that the role of a new private teacher is created by involving various parties internal and external and applying systematic and appropriate steps. With private lessons, it provides convenience and helps children in the village of Paya Perupuk in overcoming learning problems that they consider difficult. The problems faced by every child in Paya Perupuk Village will be solved by private tutors, making it easier to understand lessons.

Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among School Teachers in Chitwan District, Nepal.

Background Oral health is dependent on the knowledge and awareness of the individuals. Teachers as individuals influence the children in every aspect including oral health maintenance. The objective of this study was to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude, practices, and oral health status among school teachers in Chitwan District, Nepal. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 550 school teachers of private and government schools in Chitwan District, to assess the knowledge, attitude, practices, and oral health status. Descriptive analysis was done and data were analyzed using chi-square. A five-point Likert Scale was applied to compute knowledge, attitude, and practices of the school teachers. Results Most of the school teachers had good knowledge about periodontal diseases in comparison to dental caries. Private school (20.7% : 57) teachers had higher good oral health knowledge as compared to government school teachers (9.8% : 27). An almost equal percentage of private and government teachers (73.5% : 202 and 74.2% : 204, respectively) were found with fair knowledge about oral health. Males had a higher percentage for good oral health knowledge as compared to females. Conclusion There is an incredible need to improve oral health knowledge and attitude among school teachers concerning different problems of the oral cavity and the avoidance of dental diseases. These enhancements can be applied through regular training of teachers by oral health seminars, materials, and other such types of methods.

Science teachers’ knowledge of nutrition facts on canned foods and its implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study investigates the extent of science teachers' knowledge of canned food. An electronic questionnaire was been given to 56 teachers from various scientific educational majors; in addition, the questionnaire was given to teachers in the field of teaching from medical specialties. As well, 10 interviews were made to clarify the effects of gender and monthly income in how teachers choose their canned food from the market, particularly at time of COVID - 19 crises because it is easy to be stored for long time at quarantines. Results revealed that there were significant differences in participant's knowledge of nutrition labels for the canned food attributed of gender in most of the questions. On other side, there were no significant differences in participant's knowledge of nutrition labels for the canned food attributed of monthly income. Based on the results, it is recommended to add in science curriculum teaching food labeling and to know how to choose and consume canned food. This might save many lives in the new generations from suffering of comorbidities that caused death for many people in the COVID -19 crises (BROWN, 2020) as well recommended to expand the research to put more variables such as the scientific degree of teachers in educational field, Private and Government school teachers.

A Comparative Study of the Teaching Methodologies Employed by English Language Teachers in Private and Public Sector Schools

The aim of the study was to make a comparison between the teaching methodologies employed by English language teachers at public and private sector schools at primary level. Foreign language teaching methodologies has become a much-discussed phenomena and has been given immense importance from the last few decades, however, it still needs development in teaching practices. The data for the present study were collected in the form of semi-structured interviews, which were related to the objectives and research questions. The target population of the study was primary level teachers of Lahore, Punjab (Pakistan), while the sample of the study was comprised of primary level teachers of a public and private sector school in Lahore. The results of the study indicated that the teachers of the public sector schools were mostly relying on the structural methods of language teaching, whereas the teachers of the private sector schools were using blended methods.

4-Head Teacher AS A Leader: An Analysis of Head Teachers Practices Based on Hersey Blanchard Model in Azad Jammu & Kashmir

The purpose of the study was to compare the leadership practices based on Hersey Blanchard model in AJK. The major objective of this study were to: compare the leadership practices of male and female Head teacher based on Hersey Blanchard Model, compare the leadership practices of public and private school Head teachers based on Hersey Blanchard Model. The study was descriptive in nature as it based on survey. The population of the study were Head Teachers of three District of AJK i.e. (kotli, Sudhnuti and Poonch) Stratified sampling technique was used for selecting the sample. The sample is selected according to (Gay, 2009). Data were collected using a survey questionnaire prepared on five-point Likert scale. Collected data were analyzed through independent sample t- test. On the basis of analysis and findings conclusion were drawn that the leadership practices of male Head teachers are better as compare to female Head teachers regarding direction and coaching while in supporting and delegation female Head teachers’ practices are better as compare to male Head teachers’ practices. It was concluded that the leadership practices of private Head teachers are better as compare to public Head teachers regarding direction, coaching and supporting while in delegation, public Head teachers’ practices are better than private Head teachers’ practices. The finding of the study recommended some ideas to be made for improving leadership practices. Government should provide forum in which both public and Private Head teacher share their practices. Government should upgrade their teacher and Head teacher regarding coaching according to modern era. Department of education should organize a proper ongoing training for their teacher and Head teacher regarding directing, coaching, supporting and delegation. The management of private schools should organize a proper ongoing training for their teacher and Head teacher regarding directing, coaching, supporting and delegation.

School Teachers’ Perception of Problematic Parent Behaviour

This paper is part of the Doctoral work of the first author completed under the supervision of the second. The study’s sample comprised 252 male and female primary and secondary level school teachers of private and public schools of Patna (Bihar). Though the purpose of the Doctoral work was to study the relationship between the ‘difficult parent behavior’ and the ‘school teachers’ stress,’ this presentation shall address the school teacher’s perception of the problematic parent behaviour. The difficult parent behavior was studied with the help of descriptions of behaviours likely to be shown by the problematic parents developed by the Hoge school of the Educational Faculty of Utrecht, Netherlands (2007). Analysis of the data included extracting factors from the school teachers’ ratings for the ‘frequency of occurrence’ of the behaviours displayed by the problematic parent. Additionally, qualitative data was collected from the school teachers with the help of three open ended questions. Factor analysis helped extract five factors of the problematic parent behavior that were named, Domineering Parent, concerned without Action Parent, Excessively Concerned Parent, Indifferent Parent and Imposing Parent. Further, thematic analysis of the descriptive content of the open-ended questions, helped arrive at six themes of difficult parent behaviours namely, Imposing/Blaming Parent, Concerned without Action Parent, Uncooperative Parent, Irresponsible Parent Rude/Disrespectful Parent and High Expectation Parent.

Similar work, different pay? Private school teacher working conditions in India

As the private education sector grows across the globe, private providers by extension are becoming significant employers of teachers. In India, more than 3 million teachers are employed in the private sector, contributing to meeting the rapidly expanding educational demands and learning needs of children. Teacher working conditions are crucial to ensure teacher retention and success within the education system. We use the 2011–2012, nationally representative employment data from India, to investigate private teacher working conditions. We conduct a series of regression analysis to account for the differences in demographic attributes of public and private teachers, differences in rural and urban growth of private schools and cross-state variations. We find that, compared to public school teachers, private school teachers experience less favorable monetary and non-monetary working conditions including less access to paid leaves, pension and health care. They also experience lower job security in terms of the existence of a contract and the length of contract period. Private school teachers also have a lower access to teacher unions and thus weaker collective bargaining to negotiate their working conditions. Private teachers are more frequently likely to seek additional work and alternate work. Some noteworthy differences in teacher demographics in rural and urban areas (urban teachers are more likely to be female, somewhat older, and more educated) notwithstanding, these patterns of public-private teacher working conditions are consistent across rural and urban location. We conclude with reflections on potential explanations for these results and suggest steps for future research.

Strategies to Improve Teacher Professionalism Through The Implementation of Knowledge Management

Teacher professionalism is closely related to those who have special skills and abilities in the field of education to optimize their duties and functions as teachers to meet the needs of the profession. This research method uses a qualitative description. The subject of this study is a certified teacher, and improves the skills of teachers by implementing knowledge management. This study focuses on teacher certification in private high schools in Cirebon Regency from 91 private high schools in Cirebon whose teachers are certified with a sample of 33 schools randomly but proportionally by region. The application of knowledge management to improve the professionalism of private teachers with madrasa certification in Cirebon Regency can be done by managing certified teacher staff through education and training. In addition, it is necessary to form a separate community to bring together certification teachers at certain times to discuss or share information and knowledge related to becoming professional teachers. The ability to use information technology is also needed to improve the pedagogic skills of certified teachers, especially in private madrasah in Cirebon Regency. The knowledge management skills of every certified teacher in private madrasas in Cirebon Regency must also be utilized in the form of sharing applications with other certified teachers. The aim is to provide insight for teachers of private Madrasah Law certification in Cirebon Regency.

Toward Situated Media: Engaging Elementary School Teacher-Candidates in Learning English Vocabularies with Craft Project-Based Learning

This research, a part of a larger study, is aimed at investigating the enactment of handy craft project-based learning to the elementary teacher candidates to promote English vocabulary mastery and shared information. Grounded in DBR design, a classroom of elementary teacher candidates in a private teacher educator of private university in Indonesia were recruited in the study. All collected data were from questionnaire and interview. The results show the participants enjoyed and felt fun in designing and employing the designed crafts in classroom instruction during the learning cycles. In spite of the limitation, the project was successful and received positive responses from the participants

Challenges to Private School Teachers in Remote Areas of Pakistan During Pandemic: An Exploratory Study

It was because of the worldwide lockdown, the COVID-19 had quite a significant impact on corporate organizations as well as the lives of millions of people. It had an impact on the supply chain as well. The impact of the COVID-19 period on educational systems and institutions was studied in this study. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the research conducted on primary school teachers working in private schools in remote areas of Pakistan. The research is based on quantitative analysis. The population of this study was 120 students from the education department of university students. The technique was simple and convenient because due to pandemics, it was not possible to collect data from individuals; data were collected through Google form. The results of this study articulated the challenges like lack of internet access, lack of administrative assistance and cooperation in Monterey terms, Parents complete absence in their children studies. This study recommends that government should work on the private teachers in terms of incentives and professional development and take action for their professional development in remote areas.

KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SIAPA YANG LEBIH TINGGI: GURU KELAS VERSUS GURU MATA PELAJARAN?

One learning approach that can be chosen by teachers who teach mathematics in upper class (class IV, V, VI) is by correlating or connecting mathematics. Mathematics connection is correlation among mathematics topics, correlation among mathematics and other sciences, and correlation between mathematics and real life or daily life. In this research, it is studied mathematics connection ability of upper class teachers on aljabar topic that is measured by contextual questions and factors influencing them. The population in this research is Islamic Elementary School teachers in Surakarta residency, either state or private, who teach mathematics in upper class. Meanwhile, the sample, 65, is taken randomly from the population by using cluster sample collection technique. The statistics analysis technique used is descriptive and explorative statistics and ordinal logistic regression analysis. In mathematics connection ability with other sciences, almost half (43.6 %) class teachers can answer at the highest level (complete answer). It is more than the number of subject matter teacher that is less than one-fifth (17.4 %). Explanatory variable which is included in this model is teacher status variable (class teacher and subject matter teacher). It doesn’t influence significantly to teacher level in inter topic mathematics connection ability question and in mathematics connection ability question with real life or daily life. However, explanatory variable of teacher status influences significantly to teacher answer level in mathematics connection ability question with other sciences. Based on the result of ordinal logistic regression analysis, the estimated odds is 0.275. The estimated odds that class teacher’s answer is in low level answer, that is 0.275 times the estimated odds for subject matter teacher’s answer. So, class teacher’s answer in low level is less than subject matter teacher’s answer. Next, based on confidence interval 95 % of odds ratio value, it can be explained that class teacher has less probability (0.103 – 0.734 times), than subject matter teacher to answer in low level, in questions measuring mathematics connection ability with other sciences.

The IMPACT OF ACCREDITATION ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS/INSTITUTIONS IN PAKISTAN

The role of the education in the development of any country is very well accepted .In fact it is the only solution to socioeconomic, regional/geographical issues of any nation. Education and its quality are directly related to the quality of instruction by teacher in classroom. In-fact no system of education is better than its teacher. In Pakistan’s case serious and consistent efforts are needed to improve the quality of teachers on the priority bases. Because the qualitative dimension of teacher education programs have resulted in mass production of teachers with shallow understanding of content and methodology.
 In Pakistan accreditation system has been introduced to accredit teacher education programs and initiatives are been taking to initiate registration, licensing and certification process of teachers. The accreditation of teacher education programs has been declared mandatory by HEC. All the institutions offering any graduate level teacher education programs are required to get the accreditation of their programs. The purpose of initiating the accreditation process for Teacher Education was to ensure and improve the quality of teacher education, programs and institutions. Formal accreditation is being has been conducted since 2010-2011. The NACTE has accredited around 450 programs of more than 180 public and private sector teacher education institutions by 2019, which includes colleges and universities offering teacher education all over Pakistan. It was descriptive in nature, which focused on providing an accurate description of the impact of teacher education programs and institutions. This method was preferred as the study primarily sought to describe and understand the stakeholder’s response of the impact of accreditation on institution and program improvement, rather than determining any cause-and-effect relationship. The criteria for sample selection were based on the participation of the concerned faculty, HOD and external evaluators in the accreditation process of the programs offered by the institutions. Five point Likert scale was developed to collect data from the stakeholders HOD, Teacher Educators and External Evaluators. The use of mean, SD provided the basis for calculation, application and interpretation of t-test and ANOVA.
 Majority of participants said that accreditation process have high impact on improvement of teacher education programs. It is important question to participants about Program Accreditation whether it helped to improve teacher education program while some participants said that program accreditation sensitized the accountability of staff, administration and students. In conclusion, a number of important implications at both national and institutional levels for more effective accreditation are identified.

PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI PENCARIAN GURU PRIVAT EDITING VIDEO BERBASIS ANDROID

The teacher (educator) is a guide in carrying out the teaching and learning process. Teachers usually have different tasks such as classroom teachers, subject teachers and private teachers. Private teachers usually provide material or teaching specifically to their students not formally like in school. There are types of private teachers according to the expertise of each teacher, one of which is a private video editing teacher. In Bandar Lampung it is very difficult to find information related to private video editing teachers, causing students who want to find private video editing teachers to find it difficult and time consuming. So in this study developed an Android-based application that can make it easier to find private video editing teachers in Bandar Lampung so that the search for private tutors is easier and faster. This application was developed using the extreme programming (XP) system development method where, this method can be in tune with changes in design and features with flexible handling. Based on usability testing, the average value was 82.5%, and it was in the good category.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA GURU SMK YP 17 SELOREJO KABUPATEN BLITAR

Trainner position of teachers as a vocational school in particular, have a role to organize, organize, direct and train to utilize all its resources both from private teachers themselves and from school in order to achieve the goals set. The performance of teachers in an educational institution is an interesting factor to be investigated.Based on data analysis found that transformational leadership style and work motivation influence on job satisfaction and teacher performance. Job satisfaction affect the performance of teachers. Job satisfaction mediates the effect of transformational leadership style and work motivation on teacher performance.In order to improve the performance of teachers, the leadership of SMK YP 17 Selorejo Blitar should use a charisma so that every action has the allure and should be followed, as well as exemplary, the leadership is able to inspire and keluasaan insights, leaders have a vision of the future and based intellectual. In addition it must pay attention to the need for achievement, need for affiliation and need for power

Assessing the Results of Higher Secondary Level and Its Equivalence Examinations: An Empirical Study

This study aims to look at an assessment of the results of higher secondary level and its equivalence examinations of 2018 to unveil a 21st-century education system of Bangladesh. It aims to focus on the comparative discussion of the pass rate of different education boards. It would like to find out noticeable reasons for unsatisfactory results of HSC level learners under the ten education boards. The creative system, ICT, English, Science and Mathematics, financial constraints, lack of private tutor and teacher, strict evaluation of scripts, question paper leak, nepotism, and copying in the examination hall are responsible for unsatisfactory results. On the other hand, this paper would like to foster some important aspects for satisfactory results, including to ban question paper leak, to ban copying in the examination hall, and to ban coaching center, to train teachers, to recruit subject-wise expert teachers, to take the frequent test, to create corruption-free education, to motivate learners for creative writing, to establish English language club, to modify syllabus design and lesson plan, to provide funding opportunities and computer training program. For data collection and questionnaire survey, the researcher goes to three colleges in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh. Thirty participants, including students, teachers, and guardians are requested to take part in the test so that the real picture of the results of higher secondary level and its equivalence examinations can be exposed. Thus, it would like to show a novel dimension of Bangladesh education system.

Survey on the Career Situation of Private Kindergarten Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

: An online survey of 1577 private kindergarten teachers was conducted during the pandemic, and their career situation and its influencing factors were described and analyzed. The results indicate that, although the private kindergarten teachers tended to cope positively with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, their concern for future development exhibited significant correlation with work fatigue and avoidance of learning, reflecting the negative occupational ecology for private kindergarten teachers during the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a substantial reduction in income for the private kindergarten teachers, with a decline of 50% or more in income for more than 76% of teachers; the higher the reduction in income for the private kindergarten teachers, the more strongly their work fatigue, concern for future development, and avoidance of learning were expressed, accompanied by a significant decline in the frequency of online teaching activities. To address the current state of career situation among private kindergarten teachers produced by the pandemic, support mechanisms should be strengthened, to prevent the erosion of teachers; measures to combat the pandemic in the industry should be furthered, to build occupational confidence; educational equity should be promoted, to achieve balanced development; and online educational resources should be enriched, to standardize online educational activities.

PERSPEKTIF PEMBELAJARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI DENGAN KONSEP PENDIDIKAN HUMANIS PAULO FREIRE

This paper intended to review the humanistic education concept of Paulo Freire according to Entrepreneurship Courses at Indonesian Higher Education. The method used is the content analysis. The paper summarized that Education must be carried out dialogically, not stifling creativity and creativity, because in essence students are not passive beings where the dialogue process itself is a process of awareness as the core of the process of humanization or humanity. In line with the concept of humanization Paulo Freire, the concept of humanization also underpins the entrepreneurship learning process in universities. Entrepreneurship learning is not just learning oriented to business and economics alone, but on exploring values / values of independence, honesty, innovative creative, so that entrepreneurial learning becomes an important learning that is applied in all study programs in higher education. The focus of this article is on entrepreneurship learning in private teacher training colleges which in the main profile print professional teacher candidates and an additional profile that is reliable entrepreneurship printing. Learning entrepreneurship in private teacher training colleges is still said to have not taught the value of humanism. There are several obstacles, among them are still focusing on theoretical with more dominant proportions compared to practice, exploring creative ideas are still dominated by ideas from lecturers so students tend to be passive and less creative, creative idea development programs are not maximally channeled so that it only stops at the completion of the course assignment obligations, the interest and motivation of students to become entrepreneurs has not yet fully arisen by students' self-awareness. Even though the creative ideas that have emerged from students should be continued as a forerunner to the emergence of startup-based young entrepreneurs. Freedom to create ideas and creative thoughts should be extended to students so that students are more motivated and motivated to become job creators than job seekers.