Private Banks Research Articles

The Mediating Effect of Service Quality on Total Quality Management and Customer Loyalty in Banking Sector

The aim of the research is to scrutinize the effect of TQM on customer loyalty through the mediation of quality service. The data was collected from workers of private banks in Iraq. Cluster sampling technique was used to collect the data. There were 390 employees taken as a sample size. The finding demonstrates that the effect of TQM practices on customer loyalty is significant. The significant mediating effect of quality service between the association of TQM and customer loyalty. In the end, the implication of the study is the private banks implement TQM practice effectively so that it has more a great impact on customer loyalty.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Pregnant Women and Hospital Staff Regarding Umbilical Cord Blood Banking: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women and hospital staff regarding umbilical cord blood (UCB) donation and storage to understand its limitations in clinical practice. Methods: MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, EMBASE, Scielo.br, and PROSPERO were searched from inception to 30 November 2023 with no geographic or language restrictions. The study eligibility criteria included cross-sectional studies that interviewed pregnant women and/or hospital staff about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding private or public storage. A random-effects restricted maximum-likelihood model with Freeman–Tukey Double arcsine transformation meta-analysis was carried out to calculate the pooled estimates. MOOSE guidelines were followed. STATA 14.1 was used for statistical analysis. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and ROBINS-I tool were used for quality and risk of bias assessments. Results: In total, 19 studies providing data for 19,904 pregnant women and 1245 hospital staff members were included. Pooled pregnant women awareness was 61% ((95% CI 0.60 to 0.62), I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 11.0 (p = 0.950)), and 61% for hospital staff (95% CI 0.58 to 0.64), I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 4.00 (p = 0.310)). In total, 57% ((95% CI 0.56 to 0.58), I2 = 0, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 4.00 (p = 0.320)) of pregnant women had a positive attitude about UCB, while 34% ((95% CI 0.32 to 0.36), I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 4.00 (p = 0.310)) were in favor of donating UCB for research and 65% ((95% CI 0.63 to 0.66), I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 4.0 (p = 0.350)) were planning UCB storage. A significant (p < 0.001) preference for public relative to private banking (51% ([95% CI 0.49 to 0.54], I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 4.0 (p = 0.310)) vs. 12% ([95% CI 0.10 to 0.13], I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 4.0 (p = 0.300))) was noted for pregnant women. The same was retrievable for professionals (84% ([95% CI 0.79 to 0.88], I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 2.0 (p = 0.110)) vs. 6% ([95% CI 0.03 to 0.09], I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0.00, Q = 1.0 (p = 0.070); p < 0.001)). Conclusions: Despite these efforts, lack of knowledge and positive attitudes about UCB banking remain, emphasizing the need for increasing educational programs on the subject.

A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN INDIA

This research paper explores the evolution and current dynamics of the Indian banking sector, focusing on the role of digital transformation and the performance of public, private, and foreign banks. Focusing mainly on the decadal data from 2013 to 2023, the study analyzes the growth of bank assets, the Credit-Deposit (C-D) ratio, and the penetration rate of online banking. The findings demonstrate that the banking sector in India has undergone significant changes, with technological advancements driving increased efficiency and customer reach. Public sector banks faced challenges due to non-performing assets (NPAs), while private sector banks showed robust asset growth, recovering quickly from the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Foreign banks also displayed resilience, with steady growth in assets. The research highlights the critical role of digital banking in modern banking services, contributing to financial inclusion and economic growth. KEY WORDS: public, private, foreign, assets, Credit-Deposit ratio, online banking

Determinants of dividend payouts in Ethiopian private banks: A firm-specific analysis

Determinants of dividend payouts in Ethiopian private banks: A firm-specific analysis

Emotional Intelligence as a Strategic Driver of Competitive Advantage and Service Quality in the Banking Industry

This research aims to determine whether emotional intelligence (EI), particularly in government-owned commercial banks, is a valid measure of service quality in the banking sector. The study aims to ascertain how emotional intelligence (EI) raises the caliber of services, with a particular emphasis on the departments of operations, credit, and customer service. Using a quantitative methodology, data were collected through purposive sampling from 284 employees in particular bank branches in Kathmandu. The findings show that emotional intelligence (EI) and service quality are highly correlated. Workers with higher EI are more adept at managing their emotions, positively relating to clients, and offering superior customer service. Self-awareness, social awareness, and relationship management are crucial in enhancing service quality, with relationship management exerting the most significant influence. The study's limited scope focusing only on government-owned banks in a particular area may restrict its applicability opening up new avenues for future studies on emotional intelligence in private banking and other sectors of the economy.

The Effect Of Board Capital On The Efficiency Of Indonesian Commercial Banks In 2020-2022

This study aims to examine whether Board Capital factors have an effect on the efficiency of state-owned and private commercial banks in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from annual reports and LinkedIn for 48 commercial banks in Indonesia for the period 2020-2022. The results of the study show that Education Capital does not have an effect on bank efficiency, Experience Capital has a negative effect, and Networking Capital has a positive effect. The significant control variables are NIM, Bank size, Bank age, and Pandemic year. Board of directors' networking becomes an important factor in improving bank efficiency in Indonesia.

Advancing AML tactical approaches with data analytics: Transformative strategies for improving regulatory compliance in banks

The growing complexity of financial crimes necessitates advanced Anti-Money Laundering (AML) strategies that leverage data analytics to improve regulatory compliance in banks. As traditional AML methods face challenges in detecting sophisticated money laundering schemes, data analytics offers transformative solutions by enabling real-time monitoring, enhanced risk detection, and predictive analysis. This review explores the integration of data analytics in AML systems and its impact on regulatory compliance, focusing on strategies that banks can adopt to mitigate risks and adhere to evolving regulations. Data analytics empowers financial institutions to analyze vast amounts of transactional data, identifying suspicious patterns and anomalies with greater precision. Machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI) further enhance these capabilities by automating risk assessments, reducing false positives, and improving decision-making processes. Through predictive analytics, banks can anticipate emerging threats, adapting their AML strategies proactively to counter new money laundering techniques. A key advantage of data-driven AML approaches is the ability to streamline compliance processes. By automating Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures and cross-referencing data from multiple sources, banks can efficiently verify customer identities and monitor for unusual behavior. Additionally, the adoption of data analytics improves reporting accuracy, ensuring compliance with stringent regulatory frameworks such as the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA). This review highlights the transformative role of data analytics in enhancing AML efforts, emphasizing the importance of real-time data integration, predictive modeling, and automation. The shift from reactive to proactive AML approaches not only strengthens regulatory compliance but also fosters a culture of vigilance and risk management within banks. As financial institutions continue to embrace digital transformation, leveraging data analytics for AML will be crucial in combating financial crimes and maintaining compliance in an increasingly complex regulatory environment. Keywords: Anti-Money Laundering (AML), Data Analytics, Regulatory Compliance, Banks, Financial Crime, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Know Your Customer (KYC), Predictive Analytics, Risk Management.

The Influence of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty of BCA Mobile in Bandar Lampung

PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk, founded in 1957, is one of the largest private banks in Indonesia today with an asset value of 1,408 trillion rupiah with a net profit of 48.6 trillion rupiah. The results of the Bank Service Excellence Monitor (BSEM) survey conducted by Marketing Research Indonesia (MRI) in the 2020-2021 edition produced data that BCA Mobile was ranked second and the 2023-2024 edition was ranked fifth in the 10 best mobile banking performances in Indonesia. The problem in this research is that there has been a decline in BCA Mobile's performance followed by many complaints about the use of the BCA Mobile application, which has become a trending topic on the X social media platform (Twitter). BCA Mobile must attention to this so that customers do not think about looking for alternatives to other mobile banking. The aim of this research is to test whether service quality and customer satisfaction have an influence on BCA Mobile customer loyalty in Bandar Lampung City. This research uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 90 respondents via Google Form. The analytical method used is simple regression using the partial test (t test) and Sobel test with the SPSS 25 application. The results of the research show that the service quality variable and customer satisfaction variable have an influence on the BCA Mobile customer loyalty variable in Bandar Lampung City.

Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Bank BUMN dan Bank Swasta Indonesia: Studi Komparatif

Purpose: This study assesses and compares the financial performance of state-owned and private banks in Indonesia from 2019 to 2021. This study focuses on evaluating key financial indicators to monitor the financial structure and efficiency of banking institutions continuously amid increasing competition in the banking sector. Methodology: This study utilizes several financial ratios and applies independent sample t-tests to analyze the financial performance of state-owned and private banks. The key ratios analyzed include (Equity to Total Assets Ratio), ECTAR (Equity to Customer Assets Ratio), IMAEAR (interest margin to average earnings assets ratio), LLCR (Loan Loss Coverage Ratio), DTCR (Debt to Capital Ratio), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), and CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio). Results: State-owned banks are financially weaker than private banks. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in the average financial performance of state-owned and private banks when measured using EATAR and ECTAR ratios. However, clear differences are observed between these two banking groups in terms of the IMAEAR, LLCR, DTCR, LDR, and CAR ratios. Limitations: This study is limited to the analysis of financial performance from 2019 to 2021, which may not fully capture long-term trends or the impact of external economic conditions, such as global financial crises or regulatory changes. Additionally, this study focuses only on a specific set of financial ratios. Contribution: This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a comparative analysis of the financial performance of state-owned and private Indonesian banks. It offers valuable insights for banking institutions, regulators, and investors on how financial performance differs across banking groups, highlighting areas where state-owned banks may need to improve their financial strength.

Using Decision Tree Technique to Predict the Financial Collapse of Iraqi Private Banks: An Applied Study

Predicting the Financial Collapse (FC) using modern technologies and scientific methods for Iraqi private banks is considered an early warning to detect their failure in the future. Therefore, these proposals, represented by scientific methods and modern technologies, are submitted to the specialized bodies represented by (the Central Bank of Iraq) in order to present them to the banks in the research sample to raise their capacity through the use of modern technologies and in order to adopt them as a scientific basis for predicting the FC. The following will be followed: Evaluating the performance of banks and classifying them based on the Camels standard (CS) and predicting the FC based on modern technologies (by relying on the decision tree algorithm). The research relied on the deductive approach to complete the theoretical aspect and the applied (experimental) approach to complete the practical aspect. The researcher also processed and prepared the data and then evaluated the performance of banks and classified them based on the CS equations consisting of five indicators and on the averages of these results as inputs for prediction using DT. Different computer programs were also adopted, as the Excel program was used to unload the data, the (SPSS) program to apply the equations, and the (Matlab) program to predict modern technologies. The most prominent conclusions reached by the research are as follows: Modern technologies represented by decision trees are characterized by providing more accurate information

An Evaluation of Assets Quality of Selected Public and Private Sector Banks in India

The banks performance within a nation needs to be thoroughly assessed, as it plays a crucial role in influencing the country's economic health. This study aims to analyse and evaluate the asset quality of sample Indian public and private sector banks over a ten-year period, from the year 2013-14 to 2023. Banks were chosen based on their market capitalization and net profit, including major public sector banks such as SBI, BOB, and PNB, alongside leading private sector banks like HDFC, ICICI, and KOTAK Bank. The financial performance analysis employs the CAMEL rating model, focusing on the acronym "E." The CAMEL model parameters include Capital Adequacy Ratios (C), Asset Quality Ratios (A), Management Efficiency Ratios (M), Earnings Quality Ratios (E), and Liquidity Ratios (L). The results are analyzed using descriptive statistics. Data for this study were gathered from bank websites, and the CAMEL Model Asset Quality Ratios were applied after processing and organizing this information. Hypothesis testing involved calculations using simple averages and One-way ANOVA. The analysis of the data indicated that private banks excelled in all the ratios of the Asset Quality Parameter than the public banks. Hypothesis testing showed that there is no significant difference between the performance of public and private sector banks when it comes to the asset quality parameter.

A comparative study on the efficiency of the public and private sector banks post-merger: A Data Envelopment Analysis

The paper compares the operation efficiency of the public service banks against the private service banks post-merger. The paper also makes an attempt to rank the individual banks in the years before and after mergers. Hence, the study taken a period of five years from 2017 to 2022. The researchers employed the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology to calculate the efficiency. From this viewpoint, the merger of the public service banks enhanced their performance but still lagged behind the private sector banks.

THE ELECTRONIC ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ITS ROLE IN ENHANCING FINANCIAL INFORMATION SECURITY AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS IN THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTS (AN APPLIED STUDY ON A SAMPLE OF IRAQI BANKS)

Objective: The study aimed to identify the electronic accounting information system and its role in enhancing financial information security and its effectiveness in the quality of financial reports in Iraqi banks. Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that support the research are presented. [The basic concepts of electronic accounting information system, financial information security, and financial reporting quality] are highlighted, providing a solid foundation for understanding the context of the investigation. Method: This study relied on the descriptive analytical approach in order to formulate the problem and clarify the importance of the study and its objectives, as well as to develop a set of hypotheses to verify their validity. The study community represented all banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, while the sample was summarized as (10) banks. The researcher surveyed the opinions of all employees in private banks in Baghdad Governorate. The study community may consist of 1400 employees from all different administrative levels. The study sample was selected at a rate of 30% of the study community, as the sample size reached (400) individuals. The study community was divided into different classes according to the nature of the work of those banks. Results and Discussion: The study concluded that the banks in the study sample are exposed to various risks due to the use of electronic systems, in addition to the reasons for the existence of links and effects between the study variables. Research Implications: The necessity of increasing attention to the presence of a competent and scientifically and practically qualified human element in banks because it makes the electronic accounting information system worthy of improving the security of financial information through the effectiveness of the quality of financial reports. Originality/Value: Despite the advantages of systems, whether from outside or inside the organization, there are a set of risks surrounding the use of these systems, which come from various sources, including (human resources risks, hardware and equipment risks, software risks). (Risks, database risks, software risks, network risks), each risk has a different impact and may cause huge financial losses to the organization, because the occurrence of these risks will lead to direct damage to information (accounting) and accounting quality. The information owned by the organization.

Sector and employee withdrawal behavior: evidence from licensed public and private sector commercial bank staff of Sri Lanka

Employee well-being and organizational effectiveness are seriously threatened by withdrawal behavior in the ever-changing business environment. This study explores the complex link between the banking sector (public and private) and employees' withdrawal behavior. Further, which sector of banking staff has more withdrawal behavior is investigated in this study. Regression modeling and quantitative analysis are used in this study to provide persuasive insights into how the sector affects physical and psychological withdrawal behavior (WBP and WBS). Primary data is used in this study, collected through a Likert scale questionnaire from 131 banking staff. The results show a significant and positive relationship between sector and withdrawal behavior. Moreover, the results confirm that private-sector banking staff show higher levels of WBP and WBS than the public sector. Results of the study suggest that both sectors' top management ought to consider some strategic human resource management practices to retain their employees, especially private licensed banks must consider more impressive supervision and motivation strategies to reduce employee turnover because private sector banking staff have a higher level of withdrawal behavior than public sector banking staff.

Legal regime of privatization of state-owned banks in Ukraine: main problems, solutions and international legal aspects

Legal regime of privatization of state-owned banks in Ukraine: main problems, solutions and international legal aspects

The role of diversification in stabilizing bank credit over the business cycle

AbstractWe investigate whether diversification stabilizes bank lending cyclicality on a sample of 25 conventional and 18 Islamic banks from Malaysia spanning 2008 to 2021. Our findings reveal that both bank types are nonlinearly procyclical during economic expansions, with Islamic banks also exhibiting countercyclical behavior during economic contractions. Diversification is positively associated with credit growth in conventional banks and Islamic bank subsidiaries, and it amplifies procyclicality across all Islamic bank types. Conversely, loan concentration stabilizes credit in Islamic banks. These results are robust to an alternative credit measure. Further analyses indicate that public and foreign banks are procyclical during booms and countercyclical during busts. At the same time, diversification heightens procyclicality in private, local, and foreign banks, whereas concentration mitigates it in public and local banks.

Exploring the role of personality traits as mediators of mental health in Pakistani commuters.

To investigate how resilience mediates the relationship of personality factors with depression and aggression among daily commuters in an urban setting. The correlational study was conducted at Lahore Pakistan from October 2019 and March 2020, and comprised male subjects aged 20-49 years who were employed at private schools, offices and banks, and commuted on a daily basis. Data was collected using the International Personality Item Pool, Brief Resilience Scale, Siddiqui Shah Depression Scale and the Clinical Anger Scale. Data was analysed using analysis of moment structure version 24. Sample size for the current study is 187 (Male participants) were aged 19-29 years. Resilience had a significant negative mediating effect between depression (-0.14*) and neuroticism (-0.22*) personality traits, but was a non-significant mediator for other personality factors with respect to aggression and depression. Resilience was found to be beneficial in addressing aggression and depression among daily commuters.

BANKING ON GREEN: THE MODERATING ROLE OF BANK TYPE IN GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY

This study examines the moderating role of bank type in the relationship between green human resource management and corporate sustainability, based on the AMO (Ability-Motivation-Opportunity) theory. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted in the study. A 5-point Likert-type questionnaire was used to collect data from both public and private banks. The study's sample consisted of participants holding various positions in the banking sector. A total of 151 participants responded to the questionnaire. The survey data were analyzed and interpreted using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 and PROCESS Macro (Study 1). To support the quantitative study, content analysis was conducted by coding the sustainability reports of the same banks. The findings suggest that both private and public banks can benefit from implementing GHRM initiatives, albeit with some differences based on their organizational characteristics.

Contemporary Issues and Challenges of Institutional Finance in Bihar: An In-depth Study

It has been observed that the Public sector banks in Bihar are prominent in institutional credit and deposits. They play a vital role for expansion of the economic activities and filling the credit gaps. The number of customers visiting the banks has come down due to the use of technology in their functioning. Wide spread use of debit cards, credit cards, ATM cards, UPI transactions, services of CSPs, internet and mobile banking services has changed the banking habits of the customers. The network of banks through Grahak Seva Kendras or Customer Service Points is expanding rapidly. Public sector banks lead in deposits and advances in comparison to the private banks, cooperative banks and other small finance banks. Commercial banks have twice non-performing assets vis- a- vis the regional rural banks. The state has enormous constraints due to the prevalence of weak governance, lack of infrastructure, complex social stratification, persistent poverty, etc. High dependence on public sector banks, credit gaps, credible underwriting digital innovations and high non-performing assets are the major challenges before the institutional finances in Bihar.

Analyzing the fraud tendency in the Indian Banking sector

At present, the Indian banking sector is having of worldwide importance for a few years due to its robust regulatory measures and least bank failures during recession and other difficult situations. Banking plays a prominent role in providing required monetary resources for every sector to meet their objectives. At the same time, the banking sector has been facing major challenges like increasing fraudulent cases as Indian banks lost Rs.5.22 lakh crores public money by a way of fraud reporting during the last twelve years, which dents our country’s economy badly. The current study is to analyze the fraud trend and nature wise frauds in Indian public and private sector banks during the period 2012-2023 and further, the current research aims to study the measures taken by Reserve Bank of India and individual banks to curtail the frauds during the said period. Primary data was obtained from bank employees and secondary data from authenticated sources was taken for this study. Our finding revealed that several bank frauds do not differ significantly between the public and private sector banks in terms of amount under cheating & forgery and fraudulent encashment nature. Further, it was observed that fraud amount reporting by public sector banks and private sector banks has been decreasing in trend since 2020 due to the preventive steps initiated by RBI and individual banks.