Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Bank BUMN dan Bank Swasta Indonesia: Studi Komparatif

Abstract

Purpose: This study assesses and compares the financial performance of state-owned and private banks in Indonesia from 2019 to 2021. This study focuses on evaluating key financial indicators to monitor the financial structure and efficiency of banking institutions continuously amid increasing competition in the banking sector. Methodology: This study utilizes several financial ratios and applies independent sample t-tests to analyze the financial performance of state-owned and private banks. The key ratios analyzed include (Equity to Total Assets Ratio), ECTAR (Equity to Customer Assets Ratio), IMAEAR (interest margin to average earnings assets ratio), LLCR (Loan Loss Coverage Ratio), DTCR (Debt to Capital Ratio), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), and CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio). Results: State-owned banks are financially weaker than private banks. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in the average financial performance of state-owned and private banks when measured using EATAR and ECTAR ratios. However, clear differences are observed between these two banking groups in terms of the IMAEAR, LLCR, DTCR, LDR, and CAR ratios. Limitations: This study is limited to the analysis of financial performance from 2019 to 2021, which may not fully capture long-term trends or the impact of external economic conditions, such as global financial crises or regulatory changes. Additionally, this study focuses only on a specific set of financial ratios. Contribution: This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a comparative analysis of the financial performance of state-owned and private Indonesian banks. It offers valuable insights for banking institutions, regulators, and investors on how financial performance differs across banking groups, highlighting areas where state-owned banks may need to improve their financial strength.