Priority View Research Articles

Technical Innovations and Social Implications: Mapping Global Research Focus in AI, Blockchain, Cybersecurity, and Privacy

This study examines the balance between technical and social focus in artificial intelligence, blockchain, cybersecurity, and privacy publications in Web of Science across countries, exploring the social factors that influence these research priorities. We use regression analysis to identify predictors of research focus and cluster analysis to reveal patterns across countries, combining these methods to provide a broader view of global research priorities. Our findings reveal that liberal democracy index, life expectancy, and happiness are significant predictors of research focus, while traditional indicators like education and income show weaker relationships. This unexpected result challenges conventional assumptions about the drivers of research priorities in digital technologies. The study identifies distinct clusters of countries with similar patterns of research focus across the four technologies, revealing previously unrecognized global typologies. Notably, more democratic societies tend to emphasize social implications of technologies, while some rapidly developing countries focus more on technical aspects. These findings suggest that political and social factors may play a larger role in shaping research agendas than previously thought, necessitating a re-evaluation of how we understand and predict research focus in rapidly evolving technological fields. The study provides valuable information for policymakers and researchers, informing strategies for technological development and international collaboration in an increasingly digital world.

RESPON STAKEHOLDER SATUAN PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENJALANKAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA

This research aims to determine the response of stakeholders from junior secondary education units at driving schools in implementing the independent curriculum. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with a case study method. The research location was at SMP Negeri 1 Bireuen, SMP Negeri 2 Bireuen and SMP Negeri 4 Bireuen. With informants consisting of school supervisors, school principals, educators, students and parents from three driving schools in Bireuen Regency. Research findings regarding the response of educational unit stakeholders in driving schools to the practice of implementing the independent curriculum, it can be stated that stakeholders contribute positively in every process of implementing the independent curriculum both in understanding the independent curriculum, policies in implementing the independent curriculum, as well as the impact of implementing the independent curriculum on student learning outcomes. Obstacles and challenges that may arise include priority views, limited time and resources and unequal representation of change. Recommendations for educational units that have not yet graduated from the driving school program are to increase stakeholder involvement in the.<p> </p>

A spherical fuzzy objective weighting framework for factors affecting bidding decisions for construction projects: A case study of Taiwan

In response to the intensely competitive bidding environment in Taiwan's construction industry, this study innovates with a spherical fuzzy extension of the modified CRITIC method (SFmCRITIC), a pioneering approach crafted to refine the decision-making process. The research centers on the pivotal role of accurately weighting various significant factors, such as financial stability, market insight, and specialized expertise, to optimize bid success rates. The SFmCRITIC method stands out by quantitatively incorporating the uncertainty and subjectivity typically encountered in bid evaluation. The findings from this methodological application demonstrate a clear hierarchy of influencing factors, offering a nuanced view of strategic priorities for construction firms. This hierarchical understanding not only aids firms in targeted resource distribution and strategic development but also holds promise for adaptation in diverse industry contexts beyond Taiwan, potentially revolutionizing bidding strategies at a global scale.

Acute Liver Failure: Mechanisms and management approaches

A narrative review, written in lecture form and addressed to intensivists working in oncological institutions, is devoted to the analysis of modern approaches to the treatment of patients with acute liver failure based on the pathogenesis of this lifethreatening complication. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of tactics for managing such patients from the point of view of both general therapy priorities and many of its particular aspects – hemodynamics and hemostasis control, metabolic pharmacotherapy, nutrition, efferent detoxification technologies. The reader’s attention is drawn to fundamental difference between new approaches from outdated ones.

The role of fairy tale publications in children's reading circle

In the article, using the example of editions of Ch. Perrault examines the peculiarities of publishing fairy tales for children as an indicator of the refraction of the traditional concept of children's books in tsarist Russia and changes in publishing policy in connection with the formation of new pedagogical and literary and artistic trends. The study is based on scientific methods, such as observation, bibliographic heuristics, historiographic, comparative-historical analysis. Editions of fairy tales by Sh. Perrault, as an object of research, is considered in the historical development of Soviet book publishing, which acted under the influence of ideological factors and social conditions that determined the subject matter, types of publications, their translations and design. The features of the stages of development of children's book publishing are characterized from the point of view of pedagogical and publishing priorities, the competencies of translators and artists, indirectly influencing printing resources. The subject area of the study includes modern editions of fairy tales by Sh. Perrault in the form of separate and special issues addressed to children with different reading abilities and aesthetic perception. The history of the publication of Charles Perrault's fairy tales is analyzed as a new type of publication that correspond to general political attitudes that make them legitimate for the perception of a children's reader. The article highlights the publications characteristic of each stage, which have developed under the influence of discussions about the combination of traditional and innovative views on the functions of a children's book: from edifying and moralizing to soviet propaganda and modern cultural and educational.

Milli Eğitim Yönetiminde Eğitim Politikası Analiz Sürecini Uygulamaya Dönüştürme

Summary Limitations on developing real knowledge about the education system and its performance minimize the lack of potential resources in policy development. This type of information also forms the basis for achieving consensus. Understanding the problems in the education system, developing the sharing and finding a strategy for it is a critical process in reaching the foundation. Because such consensus is a key to encouraging synergetic action and cooperation by many segments that typically play a role in parts of implementation policies in the education system. To illustrate the difficulty of achieving consensus in the absence of good analytical work, we have to say that it is the best in policy discussions with priority views on the weaknesses and strengths of the education system, and how its performance should best be improved. As a result, it is not a surprise to see the political discussions at an impasse. Because it is difficult to assess the pros and cons of options only on the basis of theoretical arguments. For example, someone might argue that multilevel learning is pedagogically weak. But someone else also claims that equal-level learning can be quite effective. Because in this, each student devotes more time independently and makes the demands on teachers to teach the diversity of students' learning styles more obvious. It is not possible to emphasize the validity of any assessment of the effectiveness of multiple learning without empirical evidence to compare learning outcomes under the alternative learning arrangement. Of course, analytical work does not consist of discussion alone. But it helps those who shed light on the thoughts in reaching that conclusion. Key Words: National Education, Education Management, Education Policy, Analysis Process

Playing culture of Ancient China

The relevance of the research lies in the growing interest of formation the culture of Ancient China, that has been continuously developing for 5 thousand years. Chinese ethnicity created a unique type of gaming culture, which differs from other nations' gaming culture. Social ethics of the game and administrative practice always played a bigger role in China than mysticism and individual search for salvation. Live for life's sake but not for bliss in other world or salvation from suffering. The aim of the research is to find out the role and place of moving game in the upbringing of the younger generation in the general system of Ancient China gaming culture. Results of the research. Characteristic features of the Chinese culture game could be seen in the traditionalism, ritual and game ceremony, which included fixed norms of behavior, thinking and acting. The foundation of the rational game culture was laid on the basis of the cult of antiquity. The ritualized game ethics formed the traditional Chinese game culture. First of all the Ancient China philosophy was based on the physical human being, the body of which constantly had to be developed and improved. Uniting with nature is the way leading a man to a higher level of his physical and spiritual purity. Conclusions. Body as a part of nature was a dominant worldview of that epoch. That's why a key to life for the sake of life consisted in physical education and self-improvement combined with pragmatism and rationalism. So, physical education in Ancient China developed from the point of view of expediency and priority of a living organism.

State of the art in psychological therapies for psychosis: Family interventions for psychosis.

It is a half-century since the coalescence of social psychiatry and systemic family therapy approaches started to inform condition-specific therapeutic work with families to reduce relapse and hospital readmission for people with schizophrenia. Today, family interventions are a cornerstone of international guidelines for the treatment of psychosis, and of workforce development initiatives. Effect sizes for clinical and economic outcomes are large, and the evidence base is robust and reliable, not only for outcomes but also for the underpinning theoretical models, which are coherent and consistent. Few, if any, psychological therapies, have so powerful a framework to drive widespread implementation. Nevertheless, delivery in clinical services is variable, often lagging behind that of individual cognitive behavioural therapy, notwithstanding its considerably weaker implementation framework. Our aim in this article is to formulate this translation failure and offer potential solutions. We summarise the model/intervention and supporting evidence, then consider why delivery remains problematic. We highlight the inter-linked issues of conceptual confusion between and conflation of, different approaches to working with families; of addressing diagnostic uncertainty, complex comorbidity and adapting interventions for specific populations; and of translation from gold-standard research trial practice, through educational curricula and training programmes, to routine delivery in frontline services. We present our view of clinical, research and workforce development priorities to address these issues and continue the collective effort, moving into the next half-century, to work more effectively with people with psychosis and their families, to further improve outcomes.

Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Brain Tumours: A Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis

Objective. (1) Examine QoL of caregivers of patients with brain tumours compared to population norms and other cancer caregiver groups, (2) appraise the content of quantitative QoL outcome measures utilised, and (3) assess to what extent QoL measures used in research align with caregivers’ priorities. Methods. Systematic literature search of studies including caregivers of brain tumour patients using self-completed assessments of QoL. Extracted data from included studies included quantitative QoL outcome data, QoL outcome measures utilised, and the included QoL domains. The impact of brain tumour patient caregiving was assessed by summarising included data comparing brain tumour caregivers to other cancer caregivers and normative population data. QoL measures utilised by the studies and their domains were extracted, coded, and analysed by themes. The rates of investigation by theme were then compared to existing data on caregiver-own preference in relation to QoL. Results. 49 studies, including 57 outcome measures, incorporating a combined 124 QoL domains. Brain tumour caregivers reported lower QoL outcomes than population norms but similar to other cancer caregiver groups. Thematic analysis of QoL domains generated 7 themes: caregiving burden and adaptation, existential and self, family and social support, finances, information needs, physical symptoms and functioning, and psychological symptoms and wellbeing. The most investigated themes were physical and psychological symptoms, the most important for caregivers themselves were family and social support. Conclusions. Caregiving for brain tumour patients is shown to negatively affect QoL, particularly mental health, burden, and social life. Existing QoL research in caregivers of brain tumour patients predominantly utilises generic QoL measures designed for use in patients and draws a medicalised view of QoL priorities. The few studies using caregiver-specific QoL measures demonstrated closer alignment to caregiver preferences such as family and social support.

Stakeholder perspectives of a pilot multicomponent delirium prevention intervention for adult patients with advanced cancer in palliative care units: A behaviour change theory-based qualitative study

Background: Theory-based and qualitative evaluations in pilot trials of complex clinical interventions help to understand quantitative results, as well as inform the feasibility and design of subsequent effectiveness and implementation trials. Aim: To explore patient, family, clinician and volunteer (‘stakeholder’) perspectives of the feasibility and acceptability of a multicomponent non-pharmacological delirium prevention intervention for adult patients with advanced cancer in four Australian palliative care units that participated in a phase II trial, the ‘PRESERVE pilot study’. Design: A trial-embedded qualitative study via semi-structured interviews and directed content analysis using Michie’s Behaviour Change Wheel and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Setting/participants: Thirty-nine people involved in the trial: nurses (n = 17), physicians (n = 6), patients (n = 6), family caregivers (n = 4), physiotherapists (n = 3), a social worker, a pastoral care worker and a volunteer. Results: Participants’ perspectives aligned with the ‘capability’, ‘opportunity’ and ‘motivation’ domains of the applied frameworks. Of seven themes, three were around the alignment of the delirium prevention intervention with palliative care (intervention was considered routine care; intervention aligned with the compassionate and collaborative culture of palliative care; and differing views of palliative care priorities influenced perspectives of the intervention) and four were about study processes more directly related to adherence to the intervention (shared knowledge increased engagement with the intervention; impact of the intervention checklist on attention, delivery and documentation of the delirium prevention strategies; clinical roles and responsibilities; and addressing environmental barriers to delirium prevention). Conclusion: This theory-informed qualitative study identified multiple influences on the delivery and documentation of a pilot multicomponent non-pharmacological delirium prevention intervention in four palliative care units. Findings inform future definitive studies of delirium prevention in palliative care. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12617001070325; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373168

Промышленный комплекс Москвы как потенциальный потребитель инновационной продукции

The enterprises of the industrial complex of Moscow potentially represent one of the most significant segments of the industrial market for innovative products of small enterprises.
 From the point of view of priorities in the implementation of support for innovation, this significance is as follows:
 • industrial enterprises are able to produce high-quality, highly profitable products with high added value, which ensure expanded reproduction and the formation of the city budget through tax deductions;
 • In addition, stable jobs are created for city residents from various social strata.

Exploring societal perspectives on priorities at the end of life in South Korea using Q-methodology.

To explore societal perspectives on priorities at the end of life in South Korea, an Asian country with high characteristics of Confucian culture. Based on this understanding, this study proposes strategies for establishing well-dying Confucian heritage cultures. Q-methodology, suitable for analyzing human subjectivity, was used in this study. Thirty-four Q-statements were extracted from the 170 Q population, which were gathered from literature reviews and online resources. Participants were 33 people expected to present diverse views of priorities at the end of their lives. The data were analyzed with principal component analysis and varimax rotations using the PQMethod software. Four distinct perspectives on priorities at the end of life in South Korea were identified: "Emphasizing the right to self-determination," "Avoiding burdening the family," "Putting life first," and "Connotations with a complex perspective." This study provides strategies for preparing various nursing interventions or policies for the establishment of a well-dying culture based on the four identified perspectives on priorities at the end of life, especially in countries with Confucian heritage cultures.

Prediction of production facility priorities using Back Propagation Neural Network for bus body building industries: a post pandemic research article.

The pandemic recession has caused enormous disturbances in many industrialized countries. The massive disruption of the supply chain of production is affecting manufacturing companies operating in and around India. Particularly the medium-sized bus body building works have been reduced, due to its compound anomalies. The integrated view of the production facility priorities is not an easy task. Since it is difficult for available labour to conduct an entire project, the completion of a production process is delayed. But still, the dilemma remains as to how production managers can correctly interpret the priorities of the facility. Indeed, this is a problem missing from the previous study. Fortunately, in the current competitive environment, it is essentially needed. This study has been used Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) approach for predicting production facility priorities. The experimental results confirm the suitability of the model for predicting priorities. A real-world problem is taken into account in making use of the model output. In this sense, this total solution facilitates production managers in assessing and enhancing the production facilities. The findings emphasize the priority of “equipment effectiveness, labour scheduling and communication” in order to strengthen the post-pandemic production facility.

Competing Claims and the Separateness of Persons

I argue that the use of the separateness of persons in the debate between the priority view and the competing claims view is deeply flawed. In making the case, I argue for three points. First, that the actual argument against the priority view relies on intuitions about the worse off that has no connection to the separateness of persons. Second, that the competing claims view is derivative of Thomas Nagel’s pairwise comparison view. However, Nagel’s justification for pairwise comparisons is based on an interpretation of equality and not the separateness of persons. Third, I offer various interpretations of the separateness of persons and conclude that that the competing claims view violates most interpretations of the separateness of persons. Further, the one that is compatible with the competing claims view leads to the tyranny of the worst off.

Upper Nile University Credit Control, Service Quality and Client Satisfaction: A Case Study of Eden Commercial Bank Juba South Sudan

This study investigated the role of Credit management and Service quality on Client satisfaction in banking sector of South Sudan. The objectives of the study were to examine the relationship between Credit risk management and on Customer satisfaction in banking sector, assess the relationship between Service quality on Client satisfaction in banking sector and to analyse the factor structure of Credit management and Service quality on Client satisfaction in banking sector. The study employed a case study and descriptive design while using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study population was 170, selected using purposive and simple random sampling technique. The sample size determination was made using Krejcie and Morgan Table (1970) formula. The sample size was 139 with a response rate of 75.5%. The data analysis was made using Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS 20). The major findings of the study were that there was a positive relationship between; between Credit risk management and Client satisfaction (r = 0.658, P-value < 0.01); between Service quality and Client satisfaction (r = 0.521, P-value < 0.01) anda linear relationship between Credit risk management and Service quality and Client satisfaction (R= 0.451)in the commercial sector of South Sudan. These variables explained 45.5% of the variance of Client satisfaction (R Square =.45.5). The most influential predictor of Client satisfaction was Credit management (β = .612, Sig. 073). Service quality is less likely to v since it portrays low significance (β = .498, Sig. 130) in the model. The study recommends that all banks should have established Credit Policies (Lending Guidelines) that clearly outline the senior management’s view of business development priorities and the terms and conditions that should be adhered to in order for loans to be approved, a thorough credit and risk assessment should be conducted prior to the granting of loans, and at least annually thereafter for all facilities, a need drive the customer to buy whereas word of mouth has the power to change customer perception and expectations regarding the service and that all banks should adopt a credit risk grading system.

Contributions and future priorities for soil science: Comparing perspectives from scientists and stakeholders

AbstractSoils are a fundamental natural resource but intensifying demands and increasing soil degradation necessitate focussed research into the sustainable use of soils. Since soil functioning is critical for the operations and performance of multiple industries, businesses and municipalities, soil scientists need to actively engage with these bodies to orientate research goals towards stakeholder needs. To achieve this, stakeholder views about the current and potential contributions of soil science to different sectors need to be taken into account when setting the future research agenda. Here, we assessed whether the current and future research priorities of soil science match the needs of four major industrial and environmental sectors: agriculture, ecosystem services and natural resources, waste management, and water management. We used an online questionnaire, distributed to 192 organisations and via social media, to compare stakeholders' and scientists' perceptions of (a) the contributions of soil science to date, (b) the areas not currently served by soil science and (c) future research needs in soil science. Stakeholders generally rated the contributions of soil science to date as ‘great’ or ‘fundamental’, but scientists rated the contributions more highly. Respondents identified numerous areas that soil research has not yet sufficiently addressed, which were mostly sector‐specific and often overlapped with perceived future research needs. Importantly, stakeholders' and scientists' views of future research priorities differed strongly within sectors, with the notable exception of agriculture, where views were generally consistent. We conclude that soil science may hold unexplored potential in several industrial and environmental sectors. We call for improved research communication and greater stakeholder involvement to shape the future soils research agenda and ensure the sustainable use of soils across multiple areas of society.Highlights How soil science has served, and could further serve, four major sectors was investigated. Soil science contributions to agriculture, ecosystem services, waste and water sectors were assessed. Stakeholders' and scientists' views on future contributions of soil science frequently differed. Greater stakeholder engagement could greatly enhance the impact of soil science in the future.

Patients’ Views of Visual Field Testing and Priorities for Research Development and Translation into Practice

Information regarding the views of patients, onvisual field testing is limited, and no information exists regarding their preferences for test developments. Thisstudy aimed to increase knowledge of patients' experiences of visual field assessment and to explore their opinions and priorities regarding current areas of research and development. Online questionnaire with purposive sampling design. Adults who regularly undergo visual field tests in Australia who report having glaucoma or being at glaucomatous risk. An anonymous survey, implemented using the Qualtrics webtool, with both closed- and-open ended questions designed to explore opinions regarding visual field testing, visit attendance for perimetry, as well as priorities for developments. The survey assessed 3 domains: (1) opinions regarding test duration and visit frequency, (2) subjective experience, and (3) perspectives on future developments. One hundred fifty-two complete survey responses were obtained. The median age of participants was 66 years (interquartile range [IQR], 60-72 years). Most participants (70%) had experience of undergoing more than 11 visual field tests. Participants recalled that they completed visual field tests in median of 6 minutes (IQR, 5-8 minutes) and were willing to accept additional time (median, 5 minutes; IQR, 3-6 minutes) to obtain more information. Participants were prepared to increase both the number of visual field tests per eye and the frequency of visual field tests (median, 3 visits per year; IQR, 2-4 visits per year) to gain more information about their visual status. Regarding future developments, the most preferred option was "similar test times but an increase in the level of information about my visual field," which ranked significantly higher than all other options, including "shorter test times that maintain the currently available level of information about my visual field." Our study confirms, in a different population and health care system, previous research reporting patient perspectives on visual field assessment. We further revealed that health care consumers show a strong preference for accurate information about their vision and report being prepared to undergo longer visual field tests or more visual field tests to achieve that outcome.

Making pharmaceutical companies report what matters about innovation

There is a lack of transparency about the cost of innovation of the pharmaceutical industry even though these costs are claimed to be the major driver for high prices for medicines.This is reflected by annual reports of the major pharmaceutical firms that contain a low number of pages on innovation and its detailed costs in comparison with pages about remuneration of executives where the detail is excessive.This disbalance provides an objective view of the transparency priorities of a company and has the potential to shift this focus in favour of transparent and detailed information on the cost of innovation by adjusting the regulation for financial reporting.

Conceptual foundations for the functioning of the consumer market

The article is devoted to clarifying the conceptual basis for the development of the consumer market, taking into account the specifics of the current stage of social relations. The authors claim that the interconnections of participants in this market should be built on the principles of efficiency and social justice and be intended on improving the performance of the national economy. The essence of understanding these principles from the point of view of target priorities of activity of suppliers of consumer goods, subjects of trade, the enterprises of real sector of economy which are not directly involved in manufacture of consumer goods, and also activity of financial and credit institutions, the state and interests of the end buyer is opened. The purpose and objectives of the consumer market and the tools for their implementation are outlined. Special emphasis is placed on the importance of price regulation measures and the need for them to comply with the principles of efficiency and social justice. The most important factors of personal consumption goods pricing are considered: supply and demand balance, production and sales costs, consumer value, availability of warehouse stocks, state of the monetary sphere, growth of the global economic integration, application of economic sanctions and competition level. The conclusion was drawn that it is advisable to take a comprehensive approach to studying the stated topics.

Trademarks: The retrospect, definitions, partial tools of research

Subject. Currently, the growing competition and the economic crisis make manufacturers and sellers actively use trademarks so as to win new business and retain customers. Over 80 percent of any buying decision depend on the visual information, rather than the reasonable approach. Legal issues of trademark use in business relations draw the attention of professional and scientific communities in Russia and abroad, dating back to far away times. Objectives. We provide the rationale for a clearer definition of trademark for purposes of legal relations, examine the partial tools for studying verbal trademarks, and conduct an experiment to prove the efficiency of tachistoscopic tools for trademark studies as part of legal examinations. Methods. The study is based on general and partial methods of research. Studying verbal trademarks, the use of tachistoscopic tools helped conduct an experiment and make conclusions, notwithstanding a small sample. Results. Trademarks circulated in business affairs even in the A.C. times. In the second half of the 19th century, advanced economies set up the legislative framework on personalization means. All corresponding regulations are still being improved consistently. The systems approach and generalization helped sort out priority views on the concept trademark and coin a more specific term, which is important for scientific and practical activities of lawyers, managers and economists. Drawing upon the experiment, we made respective conclusions and suggest extrapolating them to similar studies as part of legal examinations. Conclusions and Relevance. Trademark is a construct of law from professionals' perspectives and a symbol attracting people’s attention to goods as ordinary people perceive it. In mixed economies, consumers’ perception of goods significantly determines the producer’s market position. Therefore, many market actors need to specify the concept trademark, including legal departments of companies. Trademark disputes have become more frequent cases heard by the Russian arbitration courts. So, the specified definition and the experiment are of scientific and applied value. The findings are designated to improve the legislative framework for personalization means. The tools and findings we present in our experiment can serve not only for scientific, but also practical purposes of legal examinations concerning verbal trademarks. They will also work for teaching on legal disciplines.