Principle Of Priority Research Articles

Roots of the European Cenozoic ecosystems: lizards from the Paleocene (~MP 5) of Walbeck in Germany

We studied at least part of Kuhnʼs original material of lizards from the Paleocene (~MP 5) of the Walbeck locality in Germany. The collection was considered to be lost but is consistently discussed in the literature due to its importance. We restudied the type material of aff. Parasauromalus paleocenicus and aff. Glyptosaurus walbeckensis described by Kuhn in 1940. The former was originally allocated to Iguania, the latter to Anguimorpha, though later on these identifications were questioned by several authors. We show such a classification of both cannot be upheld. P. paleocenicus resembles the morphology of lacertids showing their presence in Europe already around MP 5. We consider the name P. paleocenicus as a nomen dubium. The material of aff. G. walbeckensis was later suggested to belong to Lacertidae and also considered as a potential amphisbaenian. Although it differs from modern amphisbaenians, it shares features with one supposed polyodontobaenid – Camptognathosaurus parisiensis. The Walbeck form is identical to this species. Since the Walbeck taxon was described in 1940, the principle of priority makes Camptognathosaurus parisiensis a junior synonym of the species erected by Kuhn. We propose a new combined name for this form, Camptognathosaurus walbeckensis comb. nov. The specimen figured by Kuhn is currently lost, thus we designate a neotype from Walbeck. However, this taxon differs significantly from Polyodontobaena and new data doubt the attribution of Camptognathosaurus to Amphisbaenia. This taxon is tentatively assigned here to Lacertidae, as further confirmed by phylogenetic analyses. Material of Scincoidea is also described.

Deep reinforcement learning based on balanced stratified prioritized experience replay for customer credit scoring in peer-to-peer lending

In recent years, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models have been successfully utilised to solve various classification problems. However, these models have never been applied to customer credit scoring in peer-to-peer (P2P) lending. Moreover, the imbalanced class distribution in experience replay, which may affect the performance of DRL models, has rarely been considered. Therefore, this article proposes a novel DRL model, namely a deep Q-network based on a balanced stratified prioritized experience replay (DQN-BSPER) model, for customer credit scoring in P2P lending. Firstly, customer credit scoring is formulated as a discrete-time finite-Markov decision process. Subsequently, a balanced stratified prioritized experience replay technology is presented to optimize the loss function of the deep Q-network model. This technology can not only balance the numbers of minority and majority experience samples in the mini-batch by using stratified sampling technology but also select more important experience samples for replay based on the priority principle. To verify the model performance, four evaluation measures are introduced for the empirical analysis of two real-world customer credit scoring datasets in P2P lending. The experimental results show that the DQN-BSPER model can outperform four benchmark DRL models and seven traditional benchmark classification models. In addition, the DQN-BSPER model with a discount factor γ of 0.1 has excellent credit scoring performance.

On the validity of the recently described northern green anaconda Eunectes akayima (Squamata, Serpentes)

Recently, a taxonomic work was published concerning the existence of a new cryptic species of green anaconda. The authors justified the recognition of a phylogenetic lineage as a new species, which they named Eunectes akayima, based on genetic and geographical distribution differences. Regardless of whether the evidence provided to justify the recognition of this new species is sufficient, the article in question violates fundamental aspects of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, such as the principle of priority and the rules for the designation lectotypes. Furthermore, the authors make unjustified assumptions regarding the type locality of Eunectes murinus, compromising the integrity of their nomenclatural actions. Here, we present a critique of this work grounded in the application of the rules of zoological nomenclature, leading to the synonymizing of the recently described species.

Modeling and optimization of a passive building HVAC system based on improved PSO and H-J Algorithm

Passive buildings employ the principles of active optimization and passive priority to demonstrate their energy-saving, comfortable, and cost-effective qualities, thereby addressing energy consumption in an efficient manner. However, it cannot be ignored that the Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVAC) system is still the largest energy consumer, especially when it is necessary to maintain the comfort of the indoor environment. Consequently, the control and optimization of the HVAC system is a research hotspot and a challenge in the field of building energy conservation, as it is the key to achieving ultra-low energy consumption operation in passive buildings while ensuring the thermal comfort of the indoor environment. This paper presents a comprehensive modeling, control, and optimization framework for the efficient operation of HVAC systems in a passive building located in Jinan, China. Firstly, the HVAC system is modeled using the transient system simulation tool (TRNSYS), GenOpt, Java, and other software. Secondly, the HVAC system’s year-round operation is simulated using specific configurations. In order to enhance the energy-saving effect, a strategy of increasing heat storage and return air ducts was proposed, and a significant energy-saving effect (approximately 17.31%) was realized. Lastly, the data communication interface with GenOpt is established utilizing the TRNOPT module, a method for actively optimizing the refrigerant temperature is proposed, and recalculation and optimization are carried out utilizing the swarm intelligence algorithm and the pattern search algorithm (Hooker-Jeeves algorithm, H-J algorithm). The final optimization results demonstrate a 19% reduction in energy consumption relative to the baseline heat recovery model, validating the applicability of the optimization method under this strategy. The control and optimization method of the HVAC system proposed in this paper can further exploit the energy-saving potential of the passive building HVAC system and will contribute to the advancement of building energy conservation.

Methodological aspects of financial support investment and innovation development of agricultural enterprises

With the change in the geopolitical and economic situation, the emergence of new threats and challenges for domestic agricultural enterprises, the problem of increasing the efficiency of development, implementation, practical implementation of innovations and investment support of this process is becoming increasingly important. It has been established that the investment climate in Ukraine is extremely unfavorable for investors due to military actions on the territory of our country. Although, the indicator of the investment climate in 2021 acquired a "rather unfavorable" value by 53%, despite the fact that this year Ukraine reached the highest level of income from investments. The main groups of external and internal threats (at the state and enterprise level) to the innovative and investment development of agrarian enterprises are systematized and the system of financial support for their investment development is presented. Among the methods used to finance the investment and innovative development of agricultural enterprises, the following are distinguished: self-financing, equity, loan, state financing, financing at the expense of free assistance and charitable contributions, mixed financing, leasing, project financing. The principles of the functioning of the investment mechanism of agricultural enterprises are developed and the most important positive and negative aspects of investment financing sources are presented in a generalized form. With the help of rational formation and distribution of limited resources to obtain the necessary result, it is possible to achieve investment efficiency. In turn, improving the quality of investment becomes the basis of the effective process of development and implementation of innovations, innovative development of the economic system. An innovative approach to determining the investment and innovation mechanism of agricultural enterprises is proposed. The list of principles of the investment and innovation mechanism (as an interacting set of methods, forms, sources of investment) is supplemented by the principles of scientificity and priority. The advantages and disadvantages of the main sources of investment financing (state financing; public-private partnership; profit; depreciation deductions; insurance reimbursements; bank credit; leasing; issue of shares; project financing; bond loans; public funds; funds of foreign investors) are revealed. The main factors affecting the choice of specific sources of investment resources formation of agricultural enterprises are noted. A system of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of innovation implementation by types of effect is provided.

Research on satellite laser ranging observation task scheduling method

Satellite laser ranging (SLR) is a technology with the highest precision of single measurement of satellite radial distance, which is developing rapidly in the direction of long-distance, high-precision and automation. SLR autonomous observation task scheduling is an important step in realizing station automation, which needs to satisfy the principles of satellite tracking priority and maximization of observation revenue at the same time. In order to improve the automation and intelligence level of SLR system, based on the framework of ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm, this paper combines the dynamic optimization characteristics of ACO algorithm and the local optimization characteristics of greedy algorithm, introduces the maximum-minimum ant mechanism, and puts forward a scheduling scheme for SLR observation task based on greedy ant colony algorithm (GACA). The results show that compared with the current scheduling method applied in practice, the number of observation satellites obtained from the GACA algorithm-based observation task planning for the SLR system has been improved by 37.4%, the total arc segment of satellite observation with higher priority has been extended by 36.47%, and the total observation gain has been increased by 42.39% in the same period of time. It effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, easy to miss satellites (being equipped with corner-cubes) and less satellites (being equipped with corner-cubes) stars in the observation process in manual scheduling, and provides a simple, practical, efficient and convenient observation task planning scheme for the establishment of an unmanned SLR system.

Towards ecosystem-based management in Chinese coastal areas: Judgement criteria for water-passable structure based on permeability

China is actively building intelligent oceans to develop the marine economy and protect the ecological environment. Over the past 30 years, China has developed a large number of marine projects for economic development, such as sea reclamation, the establishment of water-passable or water-impassable jetties, dykes, and approach bridges. To reduce the impact on marine hydrodynamics and the ecological environment, China has banned most of its sea-enclosing activities, and water-passable structures are more and more developed and applied in practical projects in China. However, there are no clear judgment criteria for the definition of water-passable structures, and there is a lack of reference for the criteria in the management and development of water-passable structures. This has led to mismanagement, such as the fact that sea enclosures that have a subtle permeability but have a significant impact on the marine environment have been judged to be water-passable structures, which has harmed the marine ecosystem. At the same time, the foundation of the intelligent ocean includes comprehensive access to information on sea-related activities (ocean management, resource development, ecological civilization construction, etc.), and the lack of uniform determination standards makes the information on offshore structures mixed and makes it impossible to establish a standardized management system, which is not conducive to the further development of the intelligent ocean. To put forward the judgment criteria of water-passable structures, this paper establishes a conceptualized hydrodynamic model of linear shaped structures offshore China by analyzing actual data from a survey. According to the simulation results, in typical cases, based on the principle of ecological priority and strict control, this study suggests that linear shaped structures with a permeability greater than or equal to 70% should be recognized as water-passable linear shaped structures, and those with permeability less than 70% should be recognized as water-impassable linear shaped structures. The judgment criteria of water-passable linear shaped structures from the perspective of permeability can help the development and management of water-passable structures in Chinese coastal areas (e.g., sea area use demonstration) to be more accurately carried out, to protect the marine ecological environment and to realize sustainable development. At the same time, it provides a reference basis for China to further build a unified management method for marine structures and promotes the construction of the Chinese intelligent ocean.

Taraxacum stepanekii, a replacement name for Taraxacum roseolum Kirschner & Štěpánek non Charit., with nomenclatural notes on the taxonomic legacy of Boris S. Kharitontsev in the digital era

The botanical publications of Boris S. Kharitontsev, who has worked on the flora and vegetation of Tobolsk District (Tyumen Region, south-western Siberia, Russia) for 30 years, make a typical case of grey literature in taxonomic botany. Kharitontsev has described about 400 local “new species” from a single district in this floristically poor territory. Although the taxonomic results of this work are not credible, this vast nomenclatural output requires attention and urges for comprehensive indexing due to requirements of the botanical nomenclature (principles of priority and homonymy). A new species name, Taraxacum stepanekii Sennikov, is proposed for Taraxacum roseolum Kirschner & Štěpánek from Kyrgyzstan, which is an illegitimate later homonym of Taraxacum roseolum Charit.

Ontological Priority and Persons

On hylomorphism and a concrete view of Christ’s human nature, a human person might be defined ontologically by a real definition. Per the definitions of hylomorphism and concretism, both views depend on a thick particular “human person.” I call the dependence between the person and its definition the principle of ontological priority (POP) and I analyze how POP affects the views given two theological puzzles, namely, the disembodied intermediate state, and, following Chalcedon, a single person in Christ. I find that the entailment of the thick particular is unfavorable for both hylomorphism and concretism. Consequently, their real definitions need to be redefined.

CURRENT TRENDS OF MILITARY OUTSOURCING DEVELOPMENT: INSTITUTIONAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

Defence outsourcing is a complex and controversial issue that arises for a variety of reasons, including a lack of military resources, the need for specialised expertise, and the desire to reduce political influence and risks. However, today the practice of military outsourcing raises many questions about security, regulation, control, ethics, accountability and transparency. This requires deeper research into the economics of military outsourcing in terms of adopting its development as a strategic goal.
 The purpose of the study is to summarise the theoretical and methodological basis and deepen the conceptual foundations of the military outsourcing economy, to substantiate the determinants of the formation of an effective institutional environment for the military outsourcing market, based on the analysis of global trends and national practices. The research methodology is based on systematic, comparative and economic analysis. It has been determined that the methodological basis of the outsourcing concept is the theory of the firm and contractual relations, transaction cost economics, public choice and organisational economics, the historical evolutionary combination of which has influenced the formation of approaches to the implementation of outsourcing as a component of the management model. The high efficiency of implementation of the outsourcing concept in commercial companies has led to its penetration into the armed forces and has led to the development of military outsourcing, the purpose of which is to optimise national military budgets on the basis of maximising economic, military, social and political effects. The generalisation of theoretical and methodological foundations allowed the author to substantiate the principles and build a composite structure of the concept of military outsourcing, as well as to identify coherent groups of objects and subjects of participation.
 An assessment of the current world practice of military outsourcing has made it possible to identify segmental trends in its development in the context of the urgent need to optimise national military budgets and to conclude that the pragmatic incentive is, on the one hand, the dilemma of growing military budgets and the importance of their optimisation, and, on the other hand, the urgent need to reduce costs. The author proves that military outsourcing is of great importance in the system of performing security functions of the State. A comparative analysis, identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the concepts of military outsourcing implemented by countries around the world, has revealed the dependence of their success on the quality of the institutional environment and substantiated the feasibility of applying a situation-based approach to its formation. According to this approach, the structuring of tasks assigned to the national armed forces should be implemented based on the principles of security priority and efficiency. The application of this approach makes it possible to increase the efficiency of military (combat) tasks without significantly reducing the degree of success in achieving the planned result, since the balance between the use of outsourcing and state self-sufficiency in this case is derived from adaptation to the current security situation. Proposals for building an operational framework for an effective institutional environment for military outsourcing in Ukraine are presented, outlining the main determinants, based on the analysis of global trends and national practices. It is noted that its formation should include: justification of the set of military and security functions that should be outsourced to private companies; description of the mechanisms of state control over the activities of private military companies and organisation of state response to cases of violations of human rights and/or humanitarian law.

Экологическая безопасность через призму правового регулирования возобновляемой энергетики в России

The article is devoted to an urgent problem in the field of environmental safety – the legal regulation of renewable energy in Russia at the level of federal legislation, as well as trends in the field of program normative regulation in the context of long-term planning until 2050. The method of special normative regulation in the field of renewable energy chosen by the legislator is determined by the directions of state regulation in the area under consideration. The basis for long-term programmatic legal regulation is the combination of traditional and renewable energy, which is necessary for the country’s energy security. On the other hand, a serious problem of legal regulation has been identified: at the level of federal legislation, there is a legal gap in the issue of the relationship between the concepts of “energy resource” and “non-renewable energy sources”, which is the reason for finalizing the current legislation. The result of the study is recommendations to reflect in the legal regulation of renewable energy, which is programmatic and long-term in nature, not the principle of priority of renewable energy sources (RES), but the principle of combining traditional and renewable energy and its development, taking into account the interests of the country’s energy security. Thus, the actual preservation of the priority of traditional energy and the development of energy based on renewable energy sources within the framework of regulatory long-term planning based on state support determine the main direction of developing the country’s environmental safety system for the coming decades.

Strengthening Cooperation between the Civilian and Military Sectors In the Context of State Security: Benefits and Challenges

The unleashing of the Russian Federation’s unprovoked and unprecedented war against Ukraine has led to significant risks, threats, and dangers in the socio-political and socio-economic spheres. The prevention and counteraction of these threats and dangers require strengthening state security and establishing close cooperation between the civilian and military sectors. The above indicates the chosen research topic’s exceptional relevance and grounds its advanced study’s expediency. This study aims to identify the issues of interaction between the civilian and military sectors in the context of state security and find ways to strengthen this interaction in the context of current challenges and dangers. General scientific methods of economic analysis and scientific knowledge form the methodological basis of the research. These methods include system analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, comparison, analogy, functional system approach, classification, graphical method, generalization, and systematization. The study findings show that the problems of interaction between the civilian and military sectors in the context of state security became particularly acute during the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. They have significantly intensified after its full-scale invasion in 2022 and threaten the system of ensuring peace and security on a global scale. The authors have found that strengthening the interaction between the civilian and military sectors will enhance the defense capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and their ability to withstand the war challenges. The greatest need for civil-military cooperation has been identified in such regions of Ukraine as Dnipro, Kharkiv, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson, and Mykolaiv. Moreover, it has been found that the largest volumes of humanitarian aid and civil defense are directed to meet food and subsistence needs ($236.2 million), as well as to cover the costs of housing and non-food items ($143.1 million). The authors prove the necessity of adhering to the principles of military mission priority when civilian and military sectors interact to accomplish their tasks. The main directions for strengthening the interaction between the civilian and military sectors have been proposed. They include adopting the experience of civil-military relations units in NATO peacekeeping operations, improving the national system of civil-military relations and the structure of civil and military sector authorities, as well as ensuring the formation of appropriate conditions for the rapid achievement of goals during military operations.

MAIN DIRECTIONS OF LEGAL WORK IN PUBLIC AUTHORITIES: THE EXAMPLE OF THE TAX AUTHORITY

The article is devoted to the study of the areas of legal work in public authorities on the example of the State Tax Service. The article proposes to divide legal work into two main components: work related to support of court cases and work not related to court work. The author notes that the concepts of "function" and "area of work" are similar in content, but "area of work" is a narrower concept and is part of the function which is broader in content. As a result of the analysis of the areas of legal work, it is established that such areas are directly based on certain priority principles, which are also proposed for consideration. Research by practitioners and scholars suggests that the area of legal work related to compliance with the law actually gives legal departments a control and supervisory function over other structural units of public authorities, since compliance with the law is the key to reducing complaints and lawsuits. As a result of the analysis of the developments of national scholars, it is found that the information resource is influential for legal work, its directions and prompt adoption of lawful and reasonable decisions, and the process of transition from paper to electronic document flow only contributes to the improvement of the organization of work of a public authority. The proposed work, in the context of the areas of legal work, contains definitions and understanding of such terms as: lawmaking activity; law enforcement activity; law application activity; control and supervision activity; constituent activity; preventive activity. The analysis of the activities of legal departments in public authorities leads to the conclusion that the areas of work under consideration relate not only to legal departments, but also to other structural units of a public authority.

The document that is not there

Zoological nomenclature, the essential tool for exchanging information about the animal world, cannot depart from the principles of universality and stability fixed in the Code as its aim and pursued through the application of rules stemming from the principles of publication, typification and priority. To enforce these rules, we need to preserve and critically evaluate the whole record of publications (and associated specimens) available thus far. Attemps to erase part of this record or to dismiss names or documents as contrary to principles that have nothing to do with the scientific names of animals are increasingly widespread and even creep into a major repository of bibliographic record as the Biodiversity Heritage Library. This trend must be promptly rebutted.

Phylogenetic analysis of invasive genus Lophocladia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) reveals synonymy of L. lallemandii with L. trichoclados and first record of L. kuetzingii in the NE Atlantic

ABSTRACT Species identification in red algae poses significant challenges when relying solely on morphological characteristics. Consequently, the absence of molecular information often conceals misidentifications, cryptic diversity and introduced cryptic species. Within the genus Lophocladia, species have traditionally been delineated based on subtle morphological traits. Lophocladia trichoclados and Lophocladia lallemandii have been extensively documented in warm and temperate coastal regions, with the latter recognized as an invasive species in the Mediterranean. However, the molecular relationship between these species remains unexplored. To address this gap, a comprehensive taxonomic reevaluation of Lophocladia was conducted in the NE Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea. Through combined molecular and morphological analyses of 75 specimens, two distinct taxa of Lophocladia were identified within the study area. Sequences of the rbcL plastid gene unequivocally demonstrated that L. lallemandii and L. trichoclados are conspecific. Consequently, we propose the synonymization of L. lallemandii with L. trichoclados, which has nomenclatural priority. We report L. kuetzingii, a potentially introduced species from Australia, for the first time in the Macaronesian region of the North Atlantic. This finding underscores the importance of expanding red algal DNA datasets, as such efforts significantly enhance our ability to detect and discern introduced species. Additionally, this research highlights the existence of taxonomic uncertainties surrounding introduced species, even among those already classified as invasive.

Modelling decision-making in the field of green production in a post-industrial society

Modern management processes must solve the complex problem of optimal decision-making and timely and effective forecasting of their results, to select successful combinations of solutions in a particular production area of the new information and innovation society that has replaced the industrial era. Considering the above issues, the modelling process as an effective mechanism for decision-making and risk management deserves special attention. The purpose of the study was to highlight modelling as an effective method of decision-making in green production in a post-industrial society, and to justify the feasibility of its use at different levels of the production process. During the study, theoretical methods were applied, in particular, the study of scientific materials and research results, description and comparison. The results were also generalized and analysed. The article considers main approaches to the strategy of the introduction of modelling of decision-making in the field of green production in the post-industrial society, and provides a detailed definition of its structural elements and priority principles. It is clarified that modelling as a management tool is used in the development of rather complex production and management decisions and is the construction of a model or system of models of the process or phenomenon under study for its study, analysis, and formation of an appropriate fan of alternatives to the result. The main types of modelling according to different classifications are analysed, and the possibilities of applying some of them in the decision-making system in the production plane are investigated. Conclusions on the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of the modern innovation and information economic space in production processes are provided. The expediency of using different approaches to decision-making modelling, depending on some influencing factors, is substantiated. The possibility of solving the industrial multitasking of decision-making by creating models is proved. These research results are of practical importance for improving management processes in the field of green production in a post-industrial society, regardless of ownership, production volumes and scope of activity

Challenges in Chinas Integration of Rural and Urban Education

The Chinese governments promotion of the integration of urban and rural education is an important measure to solve the problem of urban-rural education imbalance in China. However, there are still some imbalanced issues. Therefore, this article first describes and analyzes the existing imbalances in the construction of educational integration through literature analysis, and then proposes suggestions to address these issues. According to research, there are issues in combining urban and rural education include the loss of students, uneven distribution of educational resources and funds, and gaps in teaching staff. In response to these issues, rural areas need to achieve local urbanization. The government should adhere to the principle of rural priority, evenly allocate education resources and increase investment in education funds. Additionally, government should innovate and improve the rural teacher team. The imbalance in education between urban and rural areas in China can only be resolved in this way, which will also help China better promote the integration of urban and rural education.

Damage Compensation and Protection of Rights in Environmental Health Torts -- Based on the Principle of Priority of Health Right in Environmental Law

The analysis of the correlation between human beings and the natural environment shows that the natural environment is the foundation of the right to health, and from the perspective of environmental law, the latter leads to the notion of Priority of Health Right, which must be institutionalized in order to truly implant it into the teleological dimension of environmental law, so that it can become a working principle that unifies the legislative notion and judicial practice, thus realizing the protection of public health rights. In order to apply and implement the principle of priority of health right, this paper focuses on the litigation system of eco-environmental damage compensation, and proposes an optimal path to strengthen the protection of public health rights from two perspectives: the standardization of the appraisal system and the elaboration of moral damage.

H. Maiboroda National Honoured Bandura Choir of Ukraine: History of Functioning and Priority Principles of Creativity

The purpose of the article is to identify the leading trends in the activity of one of the oldest professional creative teams – the H. Maiboroda National Honoured Bandura Choir of Ukraine in the context of the development of academic folk vocal and instrumental art. The research methodology is determined by general philosophical, dialectical and historical principles, systematic and comparative approaches, as well as special musicological methods for the study of bandura instruments, concert and touring activities, repertoire formation trends, and personological aspects of musical creativity. The scientific novelty of the article is a systematic analysis of the creative activity of the H. Maiboroda National Honoured Bandura Choir through the prism of academicisation of folk vocal and instrumental art, development of ensemble bandura performance, selection and optimisation of bandura instruments, formation of repertoire principles, contribution of leading directors and conductors of the band to its professional formation, cooperation with composers and soloists, and the thematic principle in organising concert and touring programmes. Conclusions. The H. Maiboroda National Honoured Bandura Choir of Ukraine is a unique collective with a rich history, accumulation and synthesis of both folk music traditions – kobzarism and academic choral traditions. More than a century of the choir's functioning has become an expression of the cultural peculiarities of the time periods of bandura creativity and performance: at the level of improving the instrumentation, involving other folk and academic instruments in banduras, selecting male voices, choosing the texture of choral singing and instrumental playing, genre and thematic directions of the repertoire, collaborating with soloists and conductors, and a wide geography of concert and touring activities. The priority directions of the repertoire of the choir are folklore samples in a cappella and vocal-instrumental representation and composer's elaboration, original works and arrangements of Ukrainian and foreign composers, covering historical, Cossack, lyrical, humorous, riflemen's songs, Shevchenko's songs, UPA songs, and modern patriotic works.
 Keywords: bandura art, folk vocal and instrumental art, collective folk and instrumental art, bandura ensemble, bandura chapel, academisation, repertoire, composers' works, concert activity.

Principles of legal regulation of relations in the field of production, circulation and labeling of organic agricultural products

The article is aimed at studying the legal framework for organic agricultural production through the prism of the principles of legal regulation in this area, and also at formulating, on this basis, conclusions and proposals aimed at improving current legislation. One of the modern objects of agrarian legal regulation, as well as a way to implement the strategy of sustainable agricultural development, is organic agricultural production, which is a guarantee of balancing economic, environmental and social priorities of agricultural development, a guarantee of a high level of safety and quality of agricultural products, and ensuring food security of the State. The effectiveness of legal regulation depends on the level of scientific development of the principles, but a significant drawback of the current organic legislation is the absence of some important principles. An important basis for legal regulation of organic agricultural production is the principle of priority, which is a general requirement in the law that organic agricultural production has advantages over conventional production in the form of rules designed to ensure not only its stable functioning, but also the spread and improvement of such activities. The manifestation of the principle of priority of organic agricultural production is also evidenced by the state’s interest in a separate legal regulation of this type of activity and filling its content with some public law features that ensure the production of agricultural products of the highest quality. Given the undeniable strategic importance and priority of organic agricultural production, one of the main directions of the state agricultural policy should be state support for this activity. An extremely important characteristic of organic agricultural products is a high level of quality and safety. Therefore, the defining principle of the State policy of these social relations should be the principle of ensuring quality and safety and State control at all stages of production and circulation. Based on the analysis of current organic legislation, the article concludes that an essential need for proper legal regulation of relations in this area is the need to legislate the above-mentioned legal principles on which the State policy in the field of production, circulation and labeling of organic agricultural products should be based.