State Priorities Research Articles

Диагностика бюджетных спортивных учреждений по направлению «Комплексная безопасность и противодействие коррупции»

The article shows the role of physical culture and sport as a state priority, names national goals and targets, on which the health and security of the nation will depend, as well as ensuring a comfortable and safe environment for life. The author’s definition of the system of efficiency of sports budget institutions, which is understood as an adaptive system with feedback connections consisting of subsystems, including a set of elements, performing certain functions in accordance with the requirements of the state task, Russian legislation, the needs of society in providing services in the field of physical culture and sports. Analysis and diagnosis of the activity of sports institutions in the direction «Integrated security and anti-corruption» was carried out. Multidimensional and diagnostic of the main directions related to safety in sports, identified problems requiring solutions. Attention is paid to the issues of ensuring anti-terrorist security of institutions. It is shown that an important role in the issues of anti-terrorist security is assigned to state administration and well-developed communications. The conclusion was drawn that it is necessary to eliminate existing problems, with a view to forming culture and values of healthy lifestyle as the basis for sustainable development of society. Effective horizontal communication and information exchange between the staff of the agencies is needed to ensure comprehensive security and fight against corruption. The current funding of sports institutions under the heading «Security» is insufficient to ensure the needs of institutions in technical safety equipment. To achieve the national development goals of the Russian Federation, these problems must be solved.

Legal basis for the use of digital technologies in the land policy of Ukraine

The state and prospects of legal regulation of the use of digital technologies, which is an instrument of state land policy and an important component of the legal mechanism for the realization of land rights, are investigated in this article. The author emphasizes that the digitalization of land relations is defined as a strategic state priority in a number of programmatic acts. It has gained considerable momentum, which, in turn, affects the determination of the main directions of the state land policy. At the same time, it is stated that although the recognition of digitalization as a principle of the state land policy has not been implemented at the legislative level, the defining provisions for the digitalization of certain functions have been enshrined in law. The active introduction of digital services is the result of the land reform in Ukraine. It is indicated that in forming the legal framework for digitalization of land relations, the need to use digital technologies to create conditions for general availability of information on the status of land is crucial. The author emphasizes the positive impact of digitalization of land relations on reducing the dependence of the exercise of land rights on personal (subjective) factors, as well as on increasing the efficiency of land condition assessment. The author analyzes the legal norms that form the basis for digitalization of land records and monitoring. Among the instruments of the State land policy, special attention is paid to the digitalization of the administrative procedure in the field of land relations. An important strategic goal of the state land policy of Ukraine is to create equal conditions of access to the land market for all land users, increase the productivity of land use provided that it is used rationally and sustainably, and establish transparent, clear and, most importantly, effective land management. The ways to do this are to increase transparency of land use and access to information, improve the existing system of information support and control over the state of land resources, and widely introduce new information technologies.

The morality of state priorities and refugee admission

ABSTRACT In this article, I argue that there are good reasons to permit states to engage in their own forms of prioritization of refugees for admission, if doing so enables more refugees overall to find safety. I identify three distinct clusters of programs that states operate, those that emphasize contribution-based reciprocity, those that emphasize anticipated benefit, and those that elevate cultural considerations. I assess the legitimacy of these programs separately, and then consider them together, to defend the view that – overall, considering the profound need for resettlement spots – they warrant our normative support. At least at first glance, the reason that these programs are legitimate is that they are all underpinned by principles in moral philosophy that in general command widespread support. In the final section, I examine the discomfort they generate, and suggest that the discomfort has three related sources: (i) that there is something wrong with considering the benefits refugees may bring when at issue is simply whether states are carrying out their moral duties towards them; (ii) that the result of permitting such prioritization is that those who are most vulnerable are left behind; and (iii) that cultural considerations can easily slide into racist considerations. While I agree that we must be attentive to how these programs operate in practice, and whether they generate harm (in particular, more harm than good), I believe that in the current context, these objections can be adequately countered so that we should in general offer these programs our cautious, and conditional, support.

Military Spending in the Context of National and Global Security

Abstract Military spending plays an essential role in maintaining national security and global stability, being an important indicator of a state’s strategic priorities. While some countries increase their defense budgets to deal with external threats, others choose to invest in international cooperation and joint security measures. This dynamic creates both opportunities and risks. On the one hand, adequate financing of the military sector can prevent conflicts through effective deterrence; on the other hand, an arms race can heighten international tensions. This article examines the implications of military spending from a dual perspective: its impact on national security and its influence on global security. We will examine two aspects: how defense budgets reflect the domestic security priorities of states and how they contribute to the balance of power at the international level, with an emphasis on the challenges and risks associated with the uncontrolled growth of military spending.

Do High-Level Visits Reflect Regional Priorities? A Study of U.S. News Media Data

This study examines the representation of regional organization (RO) interests during high-level visits of their member states to the United States using a novel dataset of 1,040 news articles from 1991 to 2023. The data analysis focuses on ASEAN, BRICS, ECOWAS, and GCC and employs sentiment analysis and topic modeling to explore how member states leverage these visits and how U.S. news media frames these events. The analysis of data reveals that member states strategically utilize high-level visits to promote RO agendas and interests, with varying levels of success depending on the RO and the U. S. media’s reception. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a shifting focus from bilateral issues to regional and international concerns over time, underscoring the evolving priorities of RO member states in a globalized world. The findings offer valuable insights into the interplay of national and regional interests during high-level diplomatic visits and the influential role of U.S. news media in shaping public perception.

Forecast, analytical and trend analysis of the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the main agri-food markets as an area of state strategic guidelines

Abstract The modern structure of the Russian agro-industrial complex has the properties of consolidation, expansion and prevalence of agricultural organizations and agricultural holdings, as evidenced by the factor of their provision for about two-thirds of the total agricultural production. This circumstance states the growing dominance of large agricultural business and the progressive evolution of the agricultural sector, as well as the reduction in the importance of individual farms of the population. In the course of the study, the current state of development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia is considered, a forecast, analytical and trend analysis of the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex is carried out through the prism of the fundamental agri-food markets and the contours of the subsequent progress in the development of the agricultural sector in the context of the evolving restructuring of the social, economic and political situation are determined. The novelty of the research lies in the presentation of forecast estimates and trends in the development of the main agri-food markets of the Russian agro-industrial complex, which determine the presumptive transformation of the agrarian mechanism of Russia in the medium and long term: destabilization of international political and trade-economic cooperation, intensification of economic restrictive measures, as well as fundamentally new state priorities. The agricultural sector of the economy tends to react extremely sharply to the current situation in recent years, manifested in unstable international economic relations and foreign policy crises, which directly negatively affects the conditions for the functioning of the agricultural business. The presented forecast scenario for the development of agri-food markets will contribute to the formation of directions for state strategic management, planning and regulation of the agro-industrial complex for the medium and long term.

Transformation of the functions of the institution of the welfare State: the evolution of views and modern challenges

The relevance of the chosen issues is determined by the subject of research - the institution of the welfare state, which plays a crucial role in ensuring the normative order in society and the balance of interests between different social groups. It also guarantees the realization of citizens' political and social rights.The study focuses on the transformation of the welfare state's functions and priorities in social policy, influenced by a rapidly changing internal and external environment. The main methodological foundation of the study is theoretical scientific methods and a systematic approach. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of the research, the authors have drawn on both the results of sociological studies and a significant amount of data from international and domestic socio-economic statistics to address the identified issues. The authors have conducted a comprehensive analysis of the factors that contribute to socio-economic change and how these changes directly affect the functioning of the welfare state. They conclude that, despite differences in each country's stable preferences, external and internal socio-economic conditions influence the social functions of states, institutions, and the mechanisms for implementing these functions. Despite the fact that the principles and functions of the welfare state are implemented through specific measures that take into account the economic capabilities of the state, the peculiarities of state-building, national mentality, and the system of basic values, the idea of state paternalism remains at the heart of each model of the welfare state. This idea reflects the concept of state guardianship over the social sphere. In addition, there is a trend towards convergence among models of the welfare state in the modern world, which manifests itself in a steady trend towards unification of mechanisms for implementing social functions of the state and convergence in the scale of redistribution processes.

The EU as a Political Determinant of Global Health: The Case of Research and Development Incentives for Orphan Medicines and Biotechnology

Context: The European Union (EU) governs global health through its constituent laws, institutions, actors, and policies. However, it is unclear whether or how these political factors interact to position the EU as a political determinant of global health. Methods: The authors conduct a case study of the political factors influencing the adoption of the EU's Biotechnology Directive 98/44/EC and Orphan Medicines Regulation 141/2000. Findings: The European Commission (EC) generally framed both of its proposals around economical and biomedical paradigms aligned with the needs of the EU's industry and patients, whereas the European Parliament (EP) contested some of these frames and proposed amendments supporting global access to medical products. The political factors influencing the adoption (in the Biotechnology Directive) or rejection (in the Orphan Regulation) of the EP's amendments include the complementarity between the EP and EC proposals, the EP's power in the intra- and interinstitutional negotiating process, the existence and support of civil society, and the alignment with member state priorities in the Council. Conclusions: In the late 1990s, the EU was an internally fragmented and politicized player concerning global health matters. These political factors should be considered for a coherent post-2022 EU strategy on global health.

Effectiveness to the Emergency Management in Public Organizations: A Paradigm from a European Civil Protection Mechanism

Every state's priority is public safety. In the modern world, that often needs them to work with other States. This study assesses the role of civil protection mechanisms in effective emergency management operations in public organizations based on the European perspective. Data was collected from 392 different technocrats from government civil protection agencies in Greece using an online questionnaire. The study revealed that civil protection experts positively influence effective emergency management operations in public organizations. The results revealed that early warning systems have an influence on effective emergency management operations in public organizations. Disaster risk forecasting has a positive influence on effective emergency management operations in public organizations. According to the study, crises and catastrophes have compelled the EU to improve civil protection coordination throughout the continent and its ability to conduct operations both inside and outside of Europe. It's not clear whether these cooperative EU agreements are going to succeed because national civil defense organizations aren't always similar and there isn't always enough trust between the organizations involved. This is especially true in light of recent global crises in the EU, such as the refugee crisis, terrorist attacks, and natural. It is important for public organizations across Europe to focus on enhancing early disaster warning systems, the enhancing of civil protection experts and improving disaster planning to promote effective management of emergencies.

The 2023 State of Nebraska Families: State Priorities and Key Areas of Promise

Nebraska is often referred to as “the good life” by state residents. In 2022, Nebraska was comprised of over 800,000 family households and had a population nearing two million. Nebraska is the only state in the U.S. with a unicameral legislature and is comprised of both rural and urban contexts over a diverse geography. Like other states, in the past decade, there have been changes in the demographic makeup of the population, due in part to immigration, an aging population, and out migration. Given this context, we focus our review of Nebraska families on state priorities identified in a Nebraska Cooperative Extension needs assessment that include attracting and retaining a skilled workforce, and enhancing economic vitality, health, and wellbeing. We describe the state geography, demographics, and government contexts. We then describe where current policy programming, and resources stand in addressing relevant family-focused needs and issues of the key working age population. We end with recommendations focused on the strengths of Nebraska, given its relatively small population and community-oriented nature that can be leveraged to support innovations in policies and programs to create a healthy environment for families, that ultimately enhance the economic vitality of the state.

Iowa’s Integrated Data System for Decision-Making (I2D2): a collaborative approach for responsible and relevant use of population data

Integrated data systems (IDS) bring together people, processes, and priorities in a disciplined approach to generate evidence about child and family needs and service system gaps. In response to pressure for more efficiently coordinated early childhood services, Iowa built an IDS as a collaborative effort between university researchers and government leaders. Iowa’s Integrated Data System for Decision-Making (I2D2) includes an engaged governance approach that has received national attention as a model for ensuring federal and state priorities direct the work, rigorous scientific standards are used, and community engaged users have access to the information they need when they need it. This presentation will describe I2D2’s governance and technology solutions and provide examples of cyclical, community-engaged projects that have informed program improvement. Multi-stage integration protocols ensure individual records from disparate systems in health, education, child welfare, and workforce are accurately matched within a process that attends to equity. Dissemination processes within communities of practitioners, executive leaders, and researchers ensure findings are relevant and used to drive strategic planning. Public facing dashboards and interactive applications display prioritized indicators and support improved data literacy and common language across partner groups. Examples of use will be discussed including the evolution of a statewide strategic planning process using integrated data indicators, evidence-based expansion of home visiting programming to meet the needs of underserved families, and support for sustainable childcare businesses through the availability of real-time vacancy, supply, and demand data and easy to access applications for families to find available care when they need it.

Trends and Growth Patterns in Public Expenditure on Education: An Analytical Study in Telangana

As India's economy flourishes, the way the country allocates its resources is becoming increasingly crucial. One vital aspect is public spending on education, which is essential for nurturing human capital and driving economic growth. This study examines the trends and growth rates of public expenditure on education in Telangana from 2014 to 2021, shedding light on the financial priorities and efficiency of educational funding. The analysis reveals a mixed bag of trends and growth rates. While some states have made significant strides in increasing their educational expenditure, others have seen a decline. The data shows that the total budget allocation for education has grown steadily over the years, with some fluctuations. However, the percentage of expenditure relative to Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) has been declining in many states. To better understand the relationship between total budget allocation and educational spending, regression analysis was employed. The results indicate a positive correlation between the two variables, suggesting that an increase in overall budget allocation is linked to increased spending on education. However, the relationship is not straightforward, with some states exhibiting high levels of expenditure despite lower budgets. The findings of this study have significant implications for policymakers and educators. They highlight the need for a more nuanced approach to educational funding, one that takes into account the diverse needs and priorities of different states. It also underscores the importance of monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of educational programs and policies to ensure that resources are being used efficiently. In other words, India's policymakers must adopt a more targeted approach to educational funding, recognizing that every state has unique challenges and opportunities. By doing so, they can ensure that limited resources are allocated effectively to address the most pressing educational needs and drive long-term economic growth.

Mental Health Agency Officials' Perceived Priorities for Youth Mental Health and Factors That Influence Priorities.

This study aimed to characterize the perceived priorities of state and county policy makers for youth mental health services and the factors that influence those priorities. Mental health agency officials (N=338; N=221 state officials, N=117 county officials) representing 49 states completed a Web-based survey in 2019-2020. On 5-point scales, respondents rated the extent to which 15 issues were priorities for their agency in providing youth mental health services and the extent to which nine factors influenced those priorities. Suicide was identified as the highest priority (mean±SD rating=4.38±0.94), followed by adverse childhood experiences and childhood trauma and then increasing access to evidence-based treatments. Budget issues (mean=4.27±0.92) and state legislative priorities (mean=4.01±0.99) were perceived as having the greatest influence on setting priorities. These findings provide insights into youth mental health policy priorities and can be used to guide implementation and dissemination strategies for research and program development within state and county systems.

Priority conservation areas for protected saproxylic beetles in Romania under current and future climate scenarios

Climate change threatens species and ecosystems globally, including forest ecosystems that support rich invertebrate diversity. Saproxylic beetles, that depend on old-growth trees and deadwood, are facing increasing pressure. Consequently, conserving these beetles has become a priority for EU Member States. We developed ensemble species distribution models for five saproxylic beetles for current and three future time horizons under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and two Global Circulation Models. We used a systematic conservation planning approach to assess the effectiveness and resilience to climate change of the Romanian Natura 2000 network for saproxylic beetles while identifying areas for prospective protected area expansion to meet EU conservation targets. Our study revealed that under all scenarios and time horizons, the saproxylic beetles may lose over 80% of their suitable habitat and restrict their distribution to higher elevations. According to the conservation prioritization analysis, we found that, when considering 30% of the landscape as being protected, an average of 85% of species distribution is retained within priority areas overlapping the Carpathian Mountains, while for the current protected area coverage (18% of Romania’s terrestrial area), the existing Natura 2000 network does not perform satisfactorily, with only ~ 30% of the saproxylic species distributions falling within the network. Our results corroborate previous findings on saproxylic beetle range shifts and contractions due to climate change. Furthermore, our findings question the effectiveness of the current Natura 2000 network, as it is currently inadequate for protecting these species. To achieve the goals of the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030 of protecting at least 30% of the EU’s territory, we advocate the expansion of the Natura 2000 sites to future suitable saproxylic beetle habitats.

Foreign practice of global trends in higher education services

The article considers the best practices of trend development in higher education services. Education reform is among the country's priorities and has been in a permanent state for almost a third of a century, yet despite massive reform efforts, the quality of educational services and corps faculty at all levels of the education market has improved little, if at all, over the past decades. The quarantine related to Covid-19 in Kazakhstan became the lens that clearly revealed these shortcomings of education and showed the fallacy of the trajectory of previously implemented reforms, which often took so much time, budget funds combined with their inefficient use. The pandemic revealed the weakest points in the educational system, the unwillingness of most teachers to work in an online format and confirmed that we are definitely not ready for the transition of digitalization in the era of globalization 2.0 and has already become a catalyst for unprecedented large-scale changes in this area. Highlighting the prospects for further development of the educational market in the context of social distancing and the post-pandemic period is very relevant. In the conditions of modernity, requirements of international education market of Kazakhstan higher education has acquired many actual directions and prospects of development, but still today many methods, forms, mechanisms, tools, organizational and structural transformations require their improvement and adjustment taking into account the state priorities in the field of education with national peculiarities and scientific researches of scientists, demand of consumers, main employers of RHEs and proposals from universities, which often do not coincide with the equilibrium supply and demand, so this study is relevant today and requires further research and problem solving on the implementation of educational trends in Kazakhstan.

SPATIO-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS TRANSMISSION IN A HIGHLY ENDEMIC REGION OF BRAZIL

Background: Brazil concentrates 96% of visceral leishmaniasis cases occurred in Americas, and Maranhão is the Brazilian state with the highest number of registered cases. We aimed to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in a Brazilian region with high endemicity between 2009 to 2017. Methods: We carried out an ecological and time series study using spatio-temporal analysis techniques. A time-trend analysis was performed by the segmented linear regression. High-risk clusters were identified through spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s global and local indexes) and space-time scan statistics. Results: There were 5,128 visceral leishmaniasis cases, and it was observed increasing trends of new cases in the general population, among men, adults ≥20 years old, especially ≥60 years old. VL-HIV coinfection, mortality and lethality were crescent. Spatial analysis revealed intense visceral leishmaniasis transmission in almost the entire state and high-risk priority areas. Implications: Visceral leishmaniasis is in a substantial geographical expansion, demonstrating that the surveillance policies need to be reformulated.

Facilitators of and barriers to County Behavioral Health System Transformation and Innovation: an interview study

BackgroundInadequate and inequitable access to quality behavioral health services and high costs within the mental health systems are long-standing problems. System-level (e.g., fee-for-service payment model, lack of a universal payor) and individual factors (e.g., lack of knowledge of existing resources) contribute to difficulties in accessing resources and services. Patients are underserved in County behavioral health systems in the United States. Orange County’s (California) Behavioral Health System Transformation project sought to improve access by addressing two parts of their system: developing a template for value-based contracts that promote payor-agnostic care (Part 1); developing a digital platform to support resource navigation (Part 2). Our aim was to evaluate facilitators of and barriers to each of these system changes.MethodsWe collected interview data from County or health care agency leaders, contracted partners, and community stakeholders. Themes were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.ResultsFive themes were identified related to behavioral health system transformation, including 1) aligning goals and values, 2) addressing fit, 3) fostering engagement and partnership, 4) being aware of implementation contexts, and 5) promoting communication. A lack of fit into incentive structures and changing state guidelines and priorities were barriers to contract development. Involving diverse communities to inform design and content facilitated the process of developing digital tools.ConclusionsThe study highlights the multifaceted factors that help facilitate or hinder behavioral health system transformation, such as the need for addressing systematic and process behaviors, leveraging the knowledge of leadership and community stakeholders, fostering collaboration, and adapting to implementation contexts.

Climate Change and Implications for National Security and International Law in the Arctic

Climate change threatens national security due to the potential it carries to destabilize fragile regions, damage military installations, and exacerbate existing tensions between countries. While these effects will be global, the Arctic region represents a microcosm of a future where climate change affects the strategic priorities of states and renders existing governing institutions inadequate. Moreover, climate change will challenge the collage of “soft” international law that governs the Arctic, administered primarily through the Arctic Council’s collaborative forum. While this system has been effective, the opening of the Far North to increased sea passage, commercial exploitation, and great powers’ interests necessitates a more robust integration of binding law and should spur the United States and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (“NATO”) to better prepare for confrontations and contingencies that may arise as the ice recedes.

О юридическом приоритете традиционных духовно-нравственных ценностей

In this article the authors based on the positions of the normative approach to understanding law, come to the conclusion that there is a dialectical connection between traditional Russian spiritual and moral values in law and legal priority. On the one hand, the protection of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values is one of the strategic national priorities of the Russian state. On the other hand, values can act as a criterion for setting priorities for state legal regulation, defining, both formal and legal conditions for the dominant position of any spheres, as well as moral and ethical guidelines. In some cases, it may be necessary to establish priorities in the value system itself. The named dialectical unity is investigated by the authors on the basis of modern domestic legal protection of traditional spiritual and moral values.

Examining the Role and Perception of Nepali Peacekeepers in Nepal’s Foreign Policy Narratives

In the mid of July, a few Members of the Parliament proposed the idea of downsizing the Nepali Army as one of the measures to decrease public spending. But this is not the first time that such debate has stirred in the Nepalese political stratum. The topic of downsizing the Nepalese Army has been reiterated from time to time in the higher echelons of the Nepali government, most notably following the Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA). At the national level, The Nepal Army as an institution has been deployed since centuries for to accomplish a wide array of functions. On the international front, the Nepbat has been deployed in UN Peacekeeping missions since 1958 in war-prone regions and is largely regarded as a highly competent battalion of proven caliber. Nepal Army's global exposure and experience as such have also refined the institution's conflict resolution and crisis management skills. But despite such positive global acknowledgment and the rich experience that the Nepal Army has garnered, the deliberations regarding the utilization of their insights and experiences in Nepal’s foreign policy discourse seem to have been kept at an arm's length. To identify the role of the Nepali Army in promoting the value of world peace as enshrined in the Nepalese Constitution, this article has intended to investigate the level of recognition and influence of their insights in Nepal's foreign policy discourse. This qualitative study based on both primary and secondary data and process tracing and interview methods, identified that the imbalances in the state's priorities have led to the skills of Nepali peacekeepers from their global exposure being kept under the radar. The study has then suggested some of the possibilities for incorporating military expertise into Nepal's foreign policy discourse.