Print Newspapers Research Articles

Content Analysis of Austrian Print and Online Newspaper Coverage of Breastfeeding Over Two Decades.

In the first 6 months, breastfeeding is the optimal nutrition for newborns, but the breastfeeding prevalence in Austria is still below the official WHO Guidelines (64% breastfeeding and 1.9% exclusive breastfeeding after 6 months). Exclusive breastfeeding rates in the first 6 months are low in the European Region but higher globally at 48%. Breastfeeding behaviour and the decision to breastfeed can be influenced by many factors, such as social norms, the social environment, health, commercial milk formula (CMF) marketing, and media reports. Therefore, it is important to understand how breastfeeding and CMF are presented in Austrian media and the possible impact these portrayals have on mothers and thebroader community. The aim of this study was to analyze print and online newspaper coverage in Austrian newspapers related to breastfeeding between 2002 and 2022 with a special focus on the valence of reporting on breastfeeding and CMF in different genres of online and print newspapers. For this analysis, more than 2500 unique articles were identified, coded, and analysed (e.g., main topic, valence towards breastfeeding, and valence towards CMF). The results showed that media coverage of breastfeeding has decreased slightly over the last 20 years, particularly with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Print and online newspaper coverage of breastfeeding was mostly neutral, with a focus on breastfeeding and its association with disease, health benefits of breastfeeding, and event announcements related to breastfeeding. The valence on breastfeeding was more positive than on CMF. Middle-market newspapers appear to report more about breastfeeding than tabloids and broadsheets. To normalise breastfeeding, informative, unbiased, and extensive media coverage is important. Collaboration between breastfeeding advocates and journalists could be beneficial in increasing positive coverage of breastfeeding in the long term.

The Impact of Blockchain NFTs Technology on the Conservation and Preservation of Print Newspaper Content

The emergence of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) technology has led to a significant transformation in the creative industry and media content realm, introducing fundamental new opportunities for the media sector as well as for the conservation and preservation of newspaper content. This research aims to analyze the impact of implementing Blockchain NFTs technology on the conservation and preservation of print newspaper content. This is motivated by the fact that many print media outlets have not yet adopted NFT technology, despite its potential to secure and provide economic value to both old and new print news content. The adoption of Blockchain NFTs technology is considered a forward-looking technology that offers excellent opportunities for the preservation of print newspaper content. This research uses a qualitative method to explore the impact of Blockchain NFTs technology on the conservation and preservation of print newspaper content. The research methods include literature review, in-depth interviews, and secondary data analysis. The findings indicate that implementing Blockchain NFTs technology can provide benefits such as better data security, transparency, and the potential for new economic value through the creation and trading of NFTs from historically or otherwise significant print newspaper content. Keywords: Blockchain, Conservation, NFTs, Newspapers, Preservation

The Role of Multimedia in Popularizing Lal Ded’s Mysticism among Youth

Lal Ded, or Lalleshwari, was a mystic poetess from Kashmir, her poetry and spiritual legacy has been revived and made famous among contemporary youth via multimedia platforms. In order to make Lal Ded's mysticism understandable and acceptable to newer generations, this research article looks at how several multimedia channels, such as print (newspaper, magazine), electronic (TV, radio), and digital medium, have been necessary. Various videos, textual materials, and documentaries that delve into Lal Ded's life, poetry, and spiritual teachings may be found on various multimedia platforms. Based on secondary data, this study takes qualitative approach including Content analysis and case study. This methodology offers a thorough examination of the ways in which multimedia platforms impact young people's knowledge and interest in Lal Ded's mysticism. The results of this study demonstrate that multimedia platforms, which make Lal Ded's teachings approachable, interesting, and pertinent to modern audiences, have been crucial in helping to popularize her mysticism among youth. These platforms adapt her timeless thoughts to contemporary digital contexts, so they not only preserve her legacy but also guarantee its continued relevance. Future initiatives have to keep utilizing multimedia advancements to expand the audience and significance of Lal Ded's poetry and spiritual legacy.

Tracing the Conflict Between Türkiye and Syria Through the Turkish Mainstream Media's Coverage of the Syrian President Bashar al‐Assad

The Syrian civil war began in March 2011 and spread throughout the country in April 2011. Therefore, in this study news articles and columns published in 2011 were selected and analyzed through purposive sampling. This study uses content analysis to examine the coverage of Syrian President Bashar al‐Assad in mainstream print newspapers with different ideological orientations in Türkiye. The theoretical framework of this study is based on the concept of localization of foreign news. The research has the potential to reveal both the transformation of the tone of media texts over time and the similarities and differences in the coverage of an international conflict by newspapers with different ideological orientations. Despite ideological differences, the study reveals similarities in the orientation of the newspapers studied toward local interests. The dominance of Turkish officials as news actors, the limited portrayal of Syrian security forces, and the selection of photographs reinforce the parallel stance with Turkish foreign policy. The media's tone toward Assad and Syrian politics became more negative and critical as the conflict escalated.

Factors Influencing Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Information among Adolescents Aged 12-19 Years in Mukono Municipality Schools: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health is one of the essential health care services that promote a adolescent’s health. Complications of unwanted pregnancies lead to school dropouts’, disability and mortality. However, many adolescents 12-19 years face barriers to reproductive health information about their health and rights. And are unable to access services needed to protect their health. This study aimed to assess factors influencing access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Information among adolescents aged 12-19 years in Mukono municipality schools, Uganda. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional survey and simple random sampling were used to select 384 participants between July and December 2022 in Mukono municipality. A Self-administered structured was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and a modified Poisson regression model. Results: Findings showed the mean age of participants was 16.1 (S.D + 2) years. The proportion of access to information was 80.27%. Significant factors strongly associated with access to sexual and reproductive health information were being Moslem (OR: 0.284 (0.089-0.912)], going to hospital [OR: 2.350 (1.143-4.828)], distance 3-5 Kms from home to nearest health facility [OR: 0.41 (0.176-0.912)]. Conclusion: Two of every ten participants had access to Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights information. Significant determinants were radio media and print newspapers. Stakeholders should advocate for adolescents’ increased access to healthcare information to avert the upsurge in related diseases. Policy makers should review and monitor new guidelines for Adolescent and School health inclusive of sexuality and reproductive health. Thus, improve health equity for all.

The Media and the Administration of Elections in Cameroon

One of the critical ways to determine the degree of democracy in a country is to see how free its press is. However, it is not only about seeing how the press is free but also how well it is participating in the political process, including the administration of elections. This paper argues that in Cameroon, the political liberalism of the early 1990s was associated with the emergence and proliferation of press freedoms. This 'new' media has been involved in the administration of elections in two fundamental ways: political communication and political socialization. The mass media in Cameroon has contributed to providing Cameroonians with political facts, raising public awareness and, to some extent, keeping the government responsive to demands for electoral reforms. The print newspaper, TV, and radio combined have emerged as prominent political communication and political socialization forces in the political landscape. However, they have not really operated without partisan tendencies. They continue to grapple with some challenges, which are mostly connected with door-to-door, face-to-face, limited/disproportionate outreach and coverage, government control of media and social media.

Navigating Ethics and Empathy in Disaster Photojournalism in Indonesia

This study is based on the scholars' critique of the Indonesian media reporting on disaster for focusing on vulnerable groups' suffering, sadness, and grief. The absence of comprehensive journalistic ethical guidelines for disaster published photographs in Indonesia, might contribute to the recurring choice and publication of such images in Indonesian print newspapers. Examining major disasters, including the 2004 Aceh Tsunami, the 2006 Yogyakarta and Central Java earthquake, the 2010 Mt. Merapi Eruption, and the 2015 Sumatra Forest fires, this research provides critical evidence for re-evaluating the Indonesian journalist’s codes of ethics, especially concerning the published photographs of disaster victims. Methodologically, this study draws on interviews with six Indonesian journalists and two media practitioners, exploring the ethical practices and dilemmas in photojournalism with a specific emphasis on disaster reporting in Indonesian print newspapers. The transcripts were analysed thematically, emphasising the repeating ideas or patterns present in the text. It also includes an analysis of three graphic/disturbing photographs from the 2010 Mt Merapi eruption coverage in Kompas and Kedaulatan Rakyat newspapers. The study highlights the complex balance between ensuring truthful reporting and honouring the dignity and privacy of those affected by disasters. It advocates for a nuanced method in disaster coverage that harmonizes journalistic integrity with a compassionate portrayal of victims. This research contributes to the discourse on ethical disaster photojournalism and has significant implications for policy development, journalist training programs, and the revision of journalistic codes of ethics, promoting a more empathetic and responsible approach in the field.

The future of our past: The absence of memory infrastructure in journalism

This paper explores the absence of memory infrastructure within news organizations and its implications for journalism. It draws upon interviews with journalists and staff members representing 20 prominent US news organizations. Through these interviews, the paper uncovers prevalent perceptions and misconceptions regarding the importance of preserving news content for future reference and accessibility. The research findings illuminate significant challenges journalists face in maintaining printed archives and highlight their inadequate preservation of digital publications. Instead, they often rely on external services such as Google and the Internet Archive for content retrieval. This study argues that the decline of print newspapers has unwittingly led to the erosion of a crucial component in the news production process—the news archive. The absence of this vital memory infrastructure leaves news organizations bereft of a critical resource and contributes to collective forgetfulness.

Gender equality discourse in islamic online media in social and contemporary history, 2000-2021

The article examine gender discourse channelled through Suara Aisyiyah magazine, part of Aisiyah, woman organization, with a gender perspective discoursed through online media. However, representations of gender discourse vary in different spaces and times, as well as different agents and contexts. Likewise with ways to channel ideas about gender that are part of the organization’s vision. To capture the transformation of gender discourse with online media, this study uses a historical approach with discourse analysis. Discourse analysis method to describe text and context will be used in data analysis. The periodization which is the starting point of this research is 2000-2021 (contemporary period). The digital platform is used to more broadly discuss the progressive Islamic identity that is carried by Suara ‘Aisyiyah, in that period. As we understand, online media has carried many identities, thus allowing “crossing” and “collision”. The various discourses raised by the Suara ‘Aisyiyah print newspaper clearly show the vision of the ‘Aisyiyah and Muhammadiyah organizations, such as the position of women in politics and women’s access to health and nutrition. Through preaching on social media, the spirit of equality was built by ‘Aisyiyah in all walks of life, such as by promoting the Elimination of Domestic Violence.

“Communal News Work” as Sustainable Business Model: Recent Print-Centric News Start-Ups in Regional Queensland

The Covid-19 emergency in Australia precipitated the closure of dozens of print newspapers across Australia but, conversely, the heightened state of anxiety of the early Covid-19 period amplified the need for local information and communality. This was the impetus for a wave of print-centric newspaper start-ups. We previously examined 22 Covid-19 era start-ups in Queensland (see Barnes et al., 2022, p. 21–34) and found that their editors/publishers universally “reassert(ed) and claim(ed) more vigorously the normative values associated with community journalism as ‘social glue.’” These proprietors deployed an “affective rationale” as the foundation of their journalism and their “lean start-up” business models. We called this a “community cohesion model.” Returning to these start-ups 18 months after the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions were lifted in Queensland, we find that about 60% of these newspapers have continued operating, still drawing on deep wells of community support. They are transitioning to more conventional “newsonomics,” seeking—like the news organisations they replaced—to expand their advertising and raise other revenue, keep costs low, and expand their digital channels while remaining focussed on their core print offering. Drawing on in-depth interviews and editorial statements by editors/owners of these start-ups, as well as a close examination of advertising in the surviving newspapers, this study argues that adopting affective “hybrid” business models can be a basis for news organisations’ longer-term viability.

Most of the Circulation Figures of Print Newspapers in India Illustrate the Strong Hold of Indian Languages

Abstract: With the advent of new media, print newspapers have also made a presence on the web. Through the findings of this study, researcher has been able to understand the future of print newspapers and e-newspapers in India. Since literacy rate is still growing and internet penetration is taking place but is slow, there is still time for e-newspapers to be fully accepted but gradually with increase in use of technology, print newspapers would meet the fate of their western counterparts. According to Robert Logan, new media possesses of features like interactivity, mutual form of communication and performs some metrics. Most of the traditionally existing media has been found to be mass media. New media technology differ from traditional existing media in terms of greater focus on interactivity. New media technology have made people greatly participative and they generate news content and information, through various available options. Information on new media is easily accessible and can stored as well. It is also hyperlinked so that reader can get more details. It is usually available through the search engines also.

Picturing Tragedy: A Content Analysis of the Publication of Graphic Images in Newspapers

ABSTRACT For decades, the inclusion of graphic photographs in the news has been a matter of controversy. One important criticism made by news audiences is that the publication of graphic imagery could be guided by racial and cultural biases. However, there is little empirical research to either support or disprove this notion. Therefore, this study investigated several factors that could be related to the publication of graphic imagery. Images included in news about tragic events published by Mexican, U.S. and German print newspapers (N = 1,746) were analyzed in a quantitative content analysis. We particularly studied whether the inclusion of graphic images is more likely for certain events or for certain victims. Results showed that news about geographically and culturally distant events is more likely to include graphic imagery than news about proximate events. In addition, we discovered that non-White victims and non-citizen are more likely to be shown in graphic imagery. Finally, we found that Mexican and U.S. newspapers are more likely to publish graphic images than German newspapers.

A Review on Risk-Based Audit Approach: Malaysian Public Sector’s Perspective

Purpose: This study aims to understand the Risk-Based Audit (RBA) approach, the advantages of RBA, RBA in the Malaysian public sector, and the issues and challenges inimplementing RBA in the Malaysian public sector. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: A library search and evaluation of earlier literature reviews were conducted on the topic of RBA and internal auditing that covers online and print sources, journal articles, newspaper articles, and official legal documents. Findings: RBA is a methodology that provides an independent and objective opinion to an organisation's management, determining whether the management of its risks is on acceptable levels. The strength of RBA lies in the distinct nature of this audit approach, which focuses on the business risk and factors triggering the risk and resulting in a more effective and efficient audit. Several issues and challenges were identified in the implementation of RBA, especially in Malaysia: (1) legislation requirements; (2) lack of resources; (3) limited access to data; and (4) duplication of work. Research Limitations/ Implications: The data pertaining to public sector internal audit reports are considered confidential and sensitive. This aspect placed limitations on the depth of the collected insights. This study also focused on the data obtained mainly from secondary sources, leading to results that cannot be generalised to other countries. Practical Implications: Findings from the document review and identification of current problems may offer indications to the Accountant General's Department of Malaysia (AGD) on the current usage of RBA. Therefore, subsequent actions are required to improve internal audit work. Originality/ Value: This study discussed the current state of RBA applied by the internal auditors in the Malaysian public sector. This finding may encourage future researchers to highlight the methods of integrating a comprehensive RBA that would fulfil the 3Es (effective, efficient, and economy) for the benefit of internal auditors, particularly in the Malaysian public sector. Keywords: Risk, internal audit, public sector, Accountant General's Department of Malaysia (AGD).

Readers' perceptions and preferences for online and print newspapers in South Africa

This study examines readers` perceptions and preferences for online and print newspapers in four South African legacy newspapers. Specifically, the study aims to: i) determine the influence of whether or not a print newspaper succeeded in the 4IR; ii) examine the challenges and opportunities that print newspapers in South Africa face; and iii) examine the influence of customer satisfaction on customer perceptions of print newspapers. The study employed a quantitative methodology, and data from readers of the Daily Maverick 168, the Mail and Guardian, Isolezwe, and Grocott's Mail were gathered and analysed using a descriptive survey method. A sample of 249 readers made up the study's participants, and the technique for gathering data was a standardised questionnaire. The findings show that readers' perceptions and preferences influenced their decision to read a particular newspaper. The study recommends that all key players in the South African newspaper sector make use of the findings to enrich strategies and policies for the adoption of news materials in the sphere of digital business.

The Ideology is Blowing in the Wind: Managing Orthodoxy and Popularity in China’s Propaganda

ABSTRACT The concept of political propaganda includes a theoretical contradiction between orthodoxy and popularity of ideology, and by implication, a practical contradiction between repressing and mobilizing public discourse. Post-socialist China offers a curious case. The neo-traditionalist bureaucratic system stresses absolute ideological correctness, while the mouthpiece media’s need for adjusting to a marketized media industry demands popularity. How China confronts such contradiction is crucial for both understanding China’s resilience and conceptualizing propaganda and ideology. Through in-depth interviews with insiders of the propaganda system, this article argues that China’s mouthpiece media are compartmentalized into two separate branches. On one hand, the official print newspaper continues to define ideological orthodoxy. On the other, the newly developed online mouthpieces are granted greater autonomy to use various discursive strategies to popularize themselves. In the latter case, the subject of propaganda transforms from doctrine and dogma to discourse and culture, and ideology is integrated into everyday experience.

Digital transformation strategy for print newspapers: A Conceptual Framework

Digital transformation strategy for print newspapers: A Conceptual Framework

Association of COVID-19 information media, providers, and content with vaccine uptake among Tokyo residents

To elucidate appropriate ways to induce behavior that prevents the spread of infection, we examined the association between COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19-related information after more than 85% of the population had been vaccinated. Nonprobability quota sampling was used to recruit 2000 Tokyo residents as participants. The association between previous vaccine uptake and how much people thought they were affected by each of nine media, seven providers, and four content types of information was assessed using an online survey form. Subjective influence was assessed, and order logistic regression analyses were performed. We further calculated standardized partial regression coefficients for the independent variables. The results showed that while people did not think they were strongly affected by any COVID-19 information, significant positive associations between 9 of 20 variables, and significant negative associations between 7 of 20 variables were observed with vaccine uptake. The regression analysis involving the interaction terms between independent variables and sex showed a significant association between vaccine uptake and only daily conversation. Simple slope analysis showed a stronger positive association for females than for males. Regression analysis with interaction terms between each independent variable and age showed a significant association between vaccine uptake and print newspapers, social networking services, prefectural governors, family/relatives, accessibility, side effects, and supply visibility. Simple slope analysis also showed that the positive association between the subjective influence of newspapers and vaccine uptake was observed only for older people (≥69 years), and that of prefectural governors was more significant for older than younger people (≤32 years). In contrast, the trustworthy information provided by family/relatives was positively associated with vaccine uptake only for younger people. These results suggest that careful consideration must be given to the differences in age and sex to provide appropriate information that motivates Tokyo residents to receive vaccination during COVID-19 pandemic.

An Increasingly (In)visible Religion? The Italian Case

Scholars have for some years hypothesized a “new visibility” of religion, so that a relevant role in the publicization of religion is played by the media. However, while the public visibility of religion in the media has recently become a topic of great interest at the international level, in Italy, the literature on this topic is quite scarce. It is of particular interest in Italy due to the central role played by the Catholic Church, which, despite the changed socio-political context and the transformations of the media system, does not seem to have lost its capacity to intervene publicly. Therefore, this study intends to fill this gap through a longitudinal analysis of the coverage of the Catholic Church in the main Italian print newspapers in the last 17 years (2005–2021). In total, 202,788 articles were collected and analysed using a content analysis. Results show that, in Italy, we cannot speak of a greater visibility of religion, in particular of the Catholic Church today in print press than in the past, nor of a uniformity with respect to the way in which is spoken about it in terms of issues and religious actors.

Supporting claustrophobic patients during magnetic resonance imaging examination– the radiographer perspective

IntroductionSome patients cannot complete their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations because of claustrophobia. Evidence showed that supportive instruction is an effective intervention used to assist claustrophobic patients in MRI. However, the effectiveness of this intervention depends on the experience and education level of the MRI radiographer. This study aimed to understand the views of MRI radiographers on supporting claustrophobic patients and develop a guide to improve the effectiveness of the intervention. MethodsA qualitative descriptive approach utilising focus group discussion was considered suitable. A purposive sampling method was used to enrol eligible participants into the study. The study was advertised in print newspapers and on social media platforms. There were seven MRI radiographers in the focus group discussion. The conversation was recorded and transcribed for analysis, with content analysis employed to group the data into relevant codes and categories. ResultsThe radiographer's understanding of claustrophobia and knowledge of the interventions used to support claustrophobic patients were the key elements that influenced claustrophobic patients' experience in MRI. However, there were some factors inhibiting the radiographer's ability to support these patients. These factors include insufficient appointment slots, availability of supportive tools and support with developing communication skills. ConclusionCommunication and identifying anxiety signs are essential for MRI radiographers to address patient anxiety during examinations. This might increase the MRI examination completion rate and give the patient a positive experience in the department. Implications for practiceMRI radiographers can better understand how to support claustrophobic patients. Also, the guide developed from the data could help improve consistency in the use of supportive instruction in clinical practice.

Colorism in advertisements in Kenyan print newspapers: A study of the nation newspaper

Colorism is discriminatory, as it excludes dark skin tones and elevates light skin tones. Studies have established the negative effects of colorism on different groups of people. Owing to the power of advertisements to influence and shape opinions, beliefs and perceptions, this study’s purpose was to determine colorism in advertisements in Kenyan print newspapers. The research methodology encompassed the use of a case study design. The Nation print newspaper was studied because it is the most widely read newspaper in Kenya. Data was collected through the content analysis of all advertisements from January to April 2023. The study found out that light skin was the most preferred skin tone for males and females in the advertisements. However, more females than males in the advertisements were light-skinned, whereas more males than females were dark-skinned. This study concludes that colorism exists in advertisements in Kenyan print newspapers. The study recommends equal representations of color tones to mirror the composition of the Kenyan population.