Principles Of Effective Management Research Articles

Principles for effective management of scabies outbreaks

Background: The contagious skin infestation scabies, is caused by the mite <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var. <i>hominis</i>. These microscopic organisms navigate under the skin surface to lay eggs, creating burrows that cause notable discomfort and itching and enable the maturation and subsequent proliferation of the mites. Spread to other hosts can occur through direct, often prolonged, skin-to-skin contact or indirectly through shared items such as clothing, bedding, or towels.Current Concepts: Management of a scabies outbreak encompasses several pivotal steps: accurate diagnosis, comprehensive treatment with topical scabicides to kill the mites, rigorous environmental control (including washing all possibly infested materials in hot water), meticulous contact tracing of all close contacts, administration of symptomatic relief through antihistamines and corticosteroids, and meticulous follow-up to verify successful treatment outcomes.Discussion and Conclusion: The prevention of further infestation and recurrent outbreaks is crucial, necessitating a holistic, integrative public health management approach. This approach involves consistent communication and public education about preventive measures and prompt treatment strategies to curtail widespread infestation, thereby safeguarding community health.

Exchange Rate Fluctuation and Management of Foreign Donor-Funded Program Budget

The study was about the effect of exchange rate fluctuation on the management of foreign donor-funded program budgets. Humanitarian and development agencies receive funding from foreign donors, who require the program budgets and financial reports in their respective country currencies although the actual utilization of the budget in the host country’s local currency during the program implementation. The study explored currency conversion methods and identified the best principles for effective management of the effect of exchange rate fluctuation. The research design used was both quantitative and qualitative where relevant literature related to exchange methods, donor requirements, and average monthly exchange rate data were reviewed. The sampling year used in this study is 3 years, 2021 to 2023 and the currency sample selected was Uganda Shillings (UGX) and United States Dollars (USD). First In and First Out (FIFO), Weighted average exchange rate methods, and daily spot rate methods were the most common currency conversion methods identified during the study. The study further noted the currency conversion method chosen should be documented in the written financial manual of the grant holder for reference. The study identified budget monitoring, requests for budget amendment, effective planning, provision for contingency reserves in the budget, and constant communication with the donors among the best ways to manage the effect of exchange rate fluctuation. The Study, therefore concluded that exchange rate fluctuation has either adverse or favorable effects on foreign donor-funded program budget and needed to be closely monitored and communicated to the donor for further guidance. Keywords: Exchange rate, Fluctuation, Foreign Donor- funded, Program and Budget.

REGRESSIVE ANALYSIS AND FORECAST OF STATE DEBT

Sophio Beridze 
 E-mail: sopho1982@hotmail.com 
 PhD Student, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University 
 Batumi, Georgia
 https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7264-2873
 
 Lela Oniani 
 E-mail: lela.oniani@bsu.edu.ge 
 Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University 
 Batumi, Georgia
 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5960-4015
 Abstract: Actuality of the topic is caused by the role of the debt as financial instrument, as in the sphere of prosperity of the country, as well in its maintenance. State debt plays an important role in the macro-economic system of any Government. Formation of debt, .service and its covering, have a great influence on financial situation of the state, on the movement of money streams, investing climate, establishing international cooperation and its future development between the states. Actuality of the problem of external state debt was increased due to the fact that it is directly connected to the economic safety of the state.
 The goal of the article -originating/growth of state debt, despite of its burden is inevitable. If the level of income and employment more or less increase proportionally among with state debt, burden can be bearable and will not need concern. Percentage indicator of debt can not determine the burden of debt. Main determiner of the debt burden is: Annual capacity of debt service, reflection of state debt in economy, face of tax system. The aim of the article is to forecast the scales of factors, which influence on external state debt and implementation of main principles for effective management. In order to achieve goals which are set, there is a model to foresee scales of factors,which influence on state external debt.
 Methodology/approach: in order to learn and foresee existing condition of state debt, first of all,there were selected valid factors, which mostly effect on state external debt rather than other factors. Research took place by the building up regressive model, checking its quality and using forecasting models.
 Practical value/Implications: the practical significance of the paper is that its statements and conclusions are oriented on solving problems within the optimization of state external debt dynamic. Learning and researching about the influence of state debt on the stability of the state economy, will help conductors of economic policy to plan the right measures to avoid debt crisis. For this purpose:
 - We revealed valid factors on the stability of debt according to regressive analysis, among which the most important are the quality of debt service, deficiency of budget and level of employment.
 -We have made forecasts about the stability of state external debt and about the factors which influence them till the 2030.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LAND RESOURCES IN UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Goal. The purpose of the research is the conceptual principles of effective management of land resources in united territorial communities (UTC). Method. To achieve the set goal, a number of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used: the dialectical method of knowledge of economic phenomena and processes (when determining the subject, object, subjects, purpose, goals and tasks of land resource management in UTC), monographic (when studying the essence of the concept of "effective management of land resources"), graphic (when presenting the concept of forming a system of effective management of land resources of a united territorial community), abstract and logical (for theoretical generalizations, formulation of conclusions and development of proposals in the field of land resources management ). The results. As a result of the study, the subject, object, subjects, purpose and tasks of effective management of land resources in united territorial communities were determined, and it was also proposed to interpret the concept of "effective management of land resources of the UTC " as a process of forming such a management system that would provided a steadily growing positive economic effect from the use of the lands of the UTC with simultaneous observance of ecological and other nature protection norms, provided that the costs for the formation of such a management apparatus are optimal and adequate to the obtained economic, ecological and social effect. The goal of land resource management at the level of the UTC is to create and ensure the effective functioning of the system of land relations and land use of the territorial community, which allows to best satisfy the needs of the entire population of the UTC, related to the use of the lands of the UTC. The concept of forming a system of effective management of land resources in UTC is proposed, which will allow to raise the level of management in UTC, will ensure obtaining a greater economic, social and ecological effect for citizens of UTC from the use of available land resources, in particular agricultural land. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the definition of the concept of "effective management of land resources", its subject, object, goal and tasks, as well as in the development of the concept of effective management of land resources in the UTC

The NASEM Report: Are the Solutions Part of the Problem?

The NASEM Report: Are the Solutions Part of the Problem?

Common characteristics of successful water quality improvement through point source pollution management

Ocean pollution from land-based sources, such as terrestrial runoff and wastewater discharge, has significant environmental, social and economic repercussions. Despite the importance of good water quality for coastal ecosystem health, there is limited information about the key management characteristics present in places where there has been successful water quality management and subsequent improvement in marine ecosystem health. In this study, we evaluated several well-known successful examples of point source pollution management that achieved a notable improvement in water quality and coastal and marine ecosystems recovery, using principles of effective management collated from several existing theoretical Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) frameworks. Principles related to strong legislation, nested level of governance, stakeholder engagement and coordination among involved entities were determined as key factors to achieve water quality improvement. Understanding consistent themes present in successful management of water quality enhances our ability to better design management strategies that protect marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being. • Success in marine water quality improvement is scarce. • Six large-scale water quality management have succeeded, measured by improvements in coastal and marine biodiversity. • Strong legislation in place and nested levels of governance were present in all water quality management projects. • Stakeholder engagement and participation in water quality management plan was also a prevalent theme. • The common themes across successful case studies can inform new and ongoing water quality management initiatives.

COMPETITIVE INFLUENCE OF TNCS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL ECONOMIES IN GLOBAL CONDITIONS

At the present stage of development of the world economy - the stage of globalization, a significant role is played by transnational corporations, which become leading trading companies, investors, distributors of modern technologies, scientific and technological progress, stimulators of international labor migration. It was multinational corporations that laid the foundation for interdependent economic activity around the world, and later became the foundation of the global economy.
 Today, multinational corporations are not only the main actors in the world, but also an important part of the national economy, whose role is growing every year. In the context of the rapid development of globalization processes in the world economic space, an important trend is the development of TNCs. It is obvious that in today's conditions TNCs allow them to accumulate financial and investment flows in host and home countries, create incentives for innovative technologies and new products, introduce new methods and principles of effective management and promote competitiveness of the national economy.
 The purpose of this work is to study the competitive influence of TNCs on the development of national economies, the prospects of their activities in the growing globalization of world economic relations.
 In the process of research general and specific economic methods were used, namely abstract, logical, method of combining historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, calculation of absolute and relative values.
 Research has shown that TNCs are the largest players in the world economy, the efficiency of the national economy, its participation in WFP, the level of integration and international competitiveness depend more on the success of TNCs based in the country.
 The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that, the author proved, the key role of TNCs as the largest actor in the world economy, the level of integration and international competitiveness largely depend on the successful operation of TNCs.
 The practical significance of the results is that formulated and substantiated scientific findings, conclusions can be used to increase the international competitiveness of the national economy through the use of investment activities of TNCs in the deepening globalization.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ОБОРОТНИМИ ТА НЕОБОРОТНИМИ АКТИВАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article is devoted to the analysis of current and non- current assets as an invisible part of business activities, influencing visibility, composition, quality of assets and the impact of effective asset management on the effectiveness of business. Budіvlі, obladnannya, syrovina, koshti, tsіnі paper, transport zabі, patents, licences, software products and other values - all business activities. It has been shown that the effective management of business assets is necessary for structurization, control of and recovery of assets for the exclusion of foreign surpluses, failures in the production and non-purchasing arrears. By itself, the establishment of effective management of current assets and non-current assets helps to overcome low functional problems, promotes competitiveness and adaptability to the market and guarantees high efficiency of asset management and regular renewal. The main approaches to the definition of the understanding of negotiable and non-current assets, and asset management have been reviewed. It was seen the difference between incomes to the management of current and non-current assets. A number of tasks have been formulated to face effective asset management, the main principles of effective management and the steps of organizing the process have been seen. An analysis of the features in the management of assets for current and non-current assets in the fallow in terms of features and structures was carried out, as well as the importance of optimizing, increasing the turnover and minimizing the cost of assets, as one of the key tasks in the asset management system, was demonstrated. As a result of the investigation carried out, it was confirmed the need to improve and implement the effective management of current and non- current assets and the reliability of business profitability in the form of successful operation. The role of the need to increase non-current assets and minimize the costs of current assets in the asset management system was also confirmed.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ УПРАВЛІННЯ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Creation and implementation of an effective strategy of anti-crisis management of the enterprise in crisis periods is the only way to increase the competitiveness of the company, increase productivity, minimize costs and maximize profits, etc. The instability of the processes of the modern economy requires the company to ensure professional management, quick adaptation to changes in market conditions, management of the company's business processes according to the approaches of rationalism. The methods of induction, deduction, historical and logical methods were used during the scientific research. The purpose of the work was to determine a number of conceptual principles of effective management of the enterprise's business processes in conditions of instability of the national economy. Modern development trends of domestic and international companies in crisis conditions were researched. Historical parallels are drawn regarding the functioning of firms during military conflicts and recessions. The impact of the COVID-19 crisis and the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine in 2022 on the development of modern business is determined. The importance of carrying out innovative activities at the enterprise under unfavourable external conditions is established, which is proven by the experience of world-famous corporations. Methods of increasing the use of resources and capital have been determined. The opportunities and prospects of companies in periods of economic destabilization are outlined, which include diversification of activities or reformatting in order to fill new market niches and maximize profits. Approaches to anti-crisis management of the enterprise in periods of unforeseen changes are proposed. It is noted that even under conditions of global market instability, there are ways to ensure the effective functioning of the company, embodying the company's business process management strategy, which is based on the conceptual principles of anti-crisis management. The relevance of research on the topic of effective management is substantiated, based on the peculiarities of the functioning of modern companies in conditions of instability of the national and world economies.

Особливості механізму управління інноваційними процесами підприємства

The purpose of the article is to study the features of the mechanism for managing innovative processes of the enterprise. Applying the analysis of scientific literature, the concepts of «innovation process» and «management of innovation processes» are examined. The elements of the innovation management mechanism in the enterprise are determined, the problems related to the issues mentioned in the article are researched. It is demonstrated how the functional elements of the innovation management mechanism interact with each other. To effectively manage innovation, the following elements can be used: information management; management of proprietary resources; staff management; management of financial resources; investment management; quality management; intellectual property management; risk management; marketing management. The basic principles of effective management of innovative processes are defined and the main functions of their management are studied. Since the main role in the innovation process is assigned to its participants, it is determined which types of participants are involved in the management of innovative processes. Proposals have been made to improve the mechanism for managing innovative processes of enterprise. The success of introduction of innovation is largely determined by the speed of the logical chain of operations. It is achieved by coordinating the actions of interrelated units during the transition from one operation to another. Thus, effective management of innovative processes is closely connected with the combination in the process of enterprise activity of all elements of the system «science – technology – production – consumption», which should allow creating a distributed sales and service system to stimulate research and inventions based on the introduction of a new type of relation, which are reverse relationships in the innovation process. The results of the work were used at the studied enterprise.

FINANCIAL STIMULATION OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SYSTEM OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

The article examines the conceptual foundations for the formation of effective management of innovative and active industrial enterprises with an emphasis on the financial component of this process. It is found out that the problem of applying effective management principles of innovative and active industrial enterprises, taking into account the financial component, is an urgent problem of our time, which requires meaningful and reasonable research. The author's own vision of the definition of the category "innovation" and "innovation activity"is presented. A management model for organizing innovation activities at an industrial enterprise has been developed. Mechanisms that should contribute to the formation of tools for effective management of innovation activities are identified. A comprehensive structure of innovative activity of an industrial enterprise is constructed. Generalizing indicators that characterize the level of innovative activity of the enterprise are identified. It is proved that the overall system of formation and development of innovatively active enterprises should be based on the following key principles, in particular: innovativeness; economic profitability; orientation to prospective consumer needs; adaptability; accounting for the life cycle of innovations; strategic efficiency; consistency; prioritization; continuity of innovative development. The main and relevant sources of financing industrial enterprise innovations for modern development are identified and the main ones are analyzed. A general conclusion is made that the financial component is a key aspect of the efficiency of functioning of innovative and active industrial enterprises in the domestic and foreign markets. Without clearly structured sources of financing for innovative projects, it is impossible to successfully implement them and obtain a fundamentally new or modified product.

The digitalization of marketing for egg-based livestock SMEs in Sumberagung Village

Chicken eggs are considered an important animal protein source and are easily accessible in terms of availability and affordability, particularly for low-income earners. Trade competition is a major problem facing the egg-based livestock SMEs in Sumberagung village. According to a particular business owner, marketing media is essential in creating more awareness and demands. This enterprise is managed independently, with the support of family members. Therefore, effective management principles are rarely applied. However, observation, discussion and problem-solving methods were employed, in addition to the waterfall system development model. The present research explored the Shopee e-commerce application to design a digital platform to market products and create extensive public awareness. The website also served as a faster medium to manage consumer requests directly. Therefore, the development of information systems is expected to boost SMEs productivity, create a wider product identity and compete favorably with other producers, with the potentials of increasing business profits.

Corporate social responsibility of the quasi-public sector: principles and processes

The purpose of the study is to systematize modern ideas about the principles and processes of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the quasi-public sector.Methodology - formalized methods for the analysis of literary sources - contextual analysis, deduction, adaptation method.Originality / value of the research. Research represents the value for companies of the quasi-public sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan, since it allows to eliminate existing gaps of knowledge (research gaps) in the methodology of corporate social responsibility management. To summarize the quality and effectiveness of CSR, the principles of CSR and the principles of effective management of CSR in the quasi-public sector of the economy are formulated. These principles are implemented in practice through CSR processes and projects.Findings - the model of effective CSR management is proposed, linking the PDCA cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act), CSR processes and principles of effective CSR management. The proposed model can be taken as a general structural framework of the CSR management system in a quasi-public company and further decompose this system to the level of specific CSR procedures and projects.

The practice of managing real estate as an investment asset

Within the framework of the 10th International Science and Practical Conference “Organization of Construction and Development of Real Estate”, held in Moscow at the premises of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), a wide range of problems, dealing with the strategic focus of the real estate development at the present stage, was discussed. Not only did the methodological fundamentals of spatial and territorial development affect the goals and practical implementation requirements, but they also changed the management tools. New aspects of managing real estate as an investment asset emerged and started to develop in practice. The process required a number of provisions to be amended and recommendations to be made by the Conference participants. According to the conference speakers, managing real estate as an increasingly popular investment asset was among the problems that were least studied in the research literature. At the same time, the approach, proposed by the co-authors, encompasses management tools applicable to problem-plagued and normally functioning real estate, as well as complex real estate items integrated into separate elements of the urban planning structure. The management of numerous real estate facilities requires different approaches to be implemented by development companies (developers). They were studied by the co­authors who analyzed the case of Krasstroy Group of Construction Companies engaged in the construction and operation of real estate facilities. Understanding the practical experience of the company allowed the co-authors to systematize the principles of effective management, that represented a combination of advanced methods of design of universal modules of commercial premises, new functional opportunities provided by information and communication technologies, and methods of stimulating and coordinating operations performed by different stakeholders in urban districts and the city as a whole1.
 [1] This research was performed within the framework of the project “The study of the present-day structure and typology of housing and development of recommendations concerning the optimal number of apartments, taking into account demographic and social factors, as well as the entire range of needs of the population (using the case of Krasnoyarsk)” supported by the Krasnoyarsk State Autonomous Institution “Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund for Support of Scientific and Technical Activities” within the framework of the target competition of applied scientific research projects aimed at solving problems of urban development.

The European system of military and political decision-making: problems of establishment

Today’s multipolar world, one can observe how different countries with different degree of agency on the international arena, seek to be actively involved in the development of recommendations for settling the existing crises, and pursue their foreign policy based on the own resources and national interests. This naturally results in complication of the system of international relations and makes it extremely difficult for its leading actors to make adequate decisions. The fact that the modern “world powers” have fundamentally different socioeconomic and political structure, aggravates the situation even more. Different values, principles of economic management, attitudes towards the role of the key social institutions and elements of the political system impede constructive communication between the states. Despite the efforts of many politicians, Europe is yet to reach cultural and political unity. The EU member-states have strong differences with regards to domestic and foreign policy; and some states continue to seek solutions to the existing crises, guided by their own principles of effective management. This defines the relevance of outlining the prospects for the convergence of national systems of political decision-making, since the discrepancy in this sphere increases distrust among the countries, parties and government leaders, as well as creates the background for various abusive activities.

DEVELOPMENT OF GENETIC RESOURCES OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN UKRAINE

DEVELOPMENT OF GENETIC RESOURCES OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN UKRAINE

Formation of effective management principles of financial resources in holding companies

Formation of effective management principles of financial resources in holding companies

Management principles and their application as a strategic guideline for sustainable business development

The fundamental principles of management, as well as the practice of their application in industrial production sphere are described in the article in detail. The author gives an idea of the managerial principles evolution in an enterprise-type organization (both in our country and abroad). Special attention is paid to the managerial culture formation theory and its influence on the entrepreneurial and strategic management combination . The main idea of the presented work is an evolutionary approach to effective management principles classification in relation to business activities carried out within self-organizing micro-level systems. Their developmental gene, as shown in the work, is the management culture, its formation is the subject of this study. The study research area is management science issues and its cognition methods development: developmental factors and managerial principles of an enterprise-type organization.

Legal bases of sports activity as an object of the theory of system organization

Today, the state of development of the sphere of physical culture and sports is characterized by the presence of organizational and legal problems at the level of functioning of all its components (physical education, professional or mass sport, etc.) on the way to solving socially significant social problems. The lack of an objective assessment of the current state of the public relations industry, which is covered by physical education and sports, taking into account the state policy of Ukraine’s integration with the international community, leads to the process of assimilation of this industry in favor of a stronger partnership, which is being formed. Purpose: to analyze the activities of physical education and sports organizations from the position of conceptual provisions of the theory of system organization. Material & Methods: analysis of literary sources; analysis of documents; system analysis; historicism method; a method of analogy of observed patterns; mathematical modeling method. Results: the problem of managing complex social systems in the context of the functioning of the sports law industry is considered. The theoretical foundations of self-organization of collective interdependent relations in the field of physical culture are substantiated from the position of conceptual provisions of the theory of system organization . Conclusions: it has been established that at the present stage of development of public sports associations, the international sports movement and international sports federations, successful managerial activity can only be based on the condition that it is built on the basis of systems theory. It is established that the process of formation of interdependent relationships is based on the general principles of interaction of the object in question and its environment. It is the interaction of the object and the environment as a whole that acts as one of the determining principles of effective management and the key to maintaining the equilibrium state of the system.

Digital Risks, Metamorphoses and Centrifugal Trends among the Young People

Emerging digital risks and metamorphoses have given impetus to the development of centrifugal tendencies that traumatize the minds and behavior of the young people freeing them from the context of traditional social ties. This has become a challenge for sociology and other social sciences – new approaches have become in demand for the diagnosis and management of societies. Developing effective management principles are impossible without analyzing the centrifugal tendencies in the context of their influence on the young people as a qualitatively new social group in the form of «digital humans» (U. Beck). The article specifically discusses the emerging centrifugal trends: fragmentation of society; individualized forms of existence that are passive in nature; risks from other cultures; qualitative changes in ideas about happiness, justice, body; mobility, work, family gain a centrifugal character; paradoxical coexistence of riskophobia and riskophilia. It is argued that an integral instrument of digital and humanistic turns is necessary for the validation of diagnostics and the formation of new principles for managing centrifugal realities, in particular, aimed at: in governance taking into account the importance of individual fragmented associations whose functionality is limited by space-time boundaries; developing initiatives to increase the role of centripetal trends; arming of students with the knowledge of the collateral damage of the digitalization of society; creating a stable moral atmosphere based on the triumph of social justice, overcoming «liquid fears»; measures and programs for the development of activist attitudes. It substantiates the forecast about the possibility of the transition of civilizations and societies to the humanistic trend of development.