Principles Of Theory Research Articles

Применение теории множеств для разработки ключевых параметров эффективности трудового сектора пенитенциарной системы

The article considers the development of information management systems, decision support and modelling for production processes in penitentiary institutions. The work outlines the problem of insufficient study of production and labour sector data both from a scientific viewpoint and from the standpoint of developing new software and practical application. It is found that the first steps to solve the above-mentioned problems will be proper data structuring and identifying key performance parameters. Presenting data as sets and studying the interaction between them can be a good solution to the problems posed. Thus, the work formulates the task of determining the key performance parameters of the labour sector of the penitentiary system, and considers the principles of set theory as tools for solving this problem. In addition, the authors use previously created developments such as an indexing system and a software package for collecting statistical data to settle this issue. As a result of the study, rules are determined, as well as relationships that can be applied to detect the key performance parameters and develop an information system, as well as to create databases with improved structuring that are more practically oriented.

Cultural Sustainability in the Historic Environment: An Application of Structural Functionalism Theory

ABSTRACT Approaches to cultural sustainability in the historic environment aims to recognise and leverage their inherent cultural potential. Historic areas have been the focus of increased attention due to their significant cultural capacity compared to other urban areas. This study aims to develop a conceptual model for cultural sustainability in historic environments, using Structural Functionalism Theory as its analytical framework. Cultural sustainability is conceptualised as a comprehensive construct, with its components drawn from various charters, declarations, and international protocols related to the preservation of historic sites, established by organisations like the Organisation of World Heritage Cities, UNESCO, and ICOMOS since the 1990s. Some components have also been chosen based on prior research. Through documentary research and literature reviews, the functions of each component are aligned with Structural Functionalism Theory. The research results offer a detailed analysis of the cultural sustainability system. In this framework, symbolic capital, cultural neighbourhoods, authenticity, and value serve the functions of adaptation, goal attainment, integrity, and latent pattern maintenance, respectively. This analysis follows the principles of the Structural Functionalism Theory by examining the distinct functions and roles of these components at the secondary level. The historic environment of Dardasht provides a practical example where the model has been applied.

Controllability results of discrete boundary control system in Banach spaces

In this paper, we study the boundary controllability of the discrete-time control system in Banach spaces. The aim is to establish sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions, as well as for the approximate controllability of a discrete-time boundary control system. The form of the solution to the considered system and its existence and uniqueness are obtained using non-linear functional analysis, theory of difference equations, semigroup theory and contraction mapping principle. Furthermore, we achieve the approximate controllability results through a sequential approach. In the end, we present some examples to illustrate the application of these analytical results.

Implementing Gender Motivation Theory in Intimate Partner Violence

The aim of this article is to present and examine the principles of gender motivation theory against a backdrop of research findings accumulated over time. This theory is founded on two general, established, major theories: sexual selection theory and social role theory. Gender motivation theory focuses on the elementary primal motivations of men and women in social situations and contexts. This theory provides a theoretical foundation for a gendered understanding of intimate relationships among normative and clinical populations. Gender motivation theory was developed as a response to the existing discrepancies between previously developed theories whose principles continue to be used to understand and intervene with intimate partner violence and as a response to empirical data accumulated over the years.

The Role of Uncertainty Tolerance in Enhancing Intercultural Communication Competence among High School Students in Morocco: A Quantitative Analysis

This study investigates the role of uncertainty tolerance in enhancing intercultural communication competence among high school students in Morocco, drawing on W. Gudykunst’s anxiety/uncertainty management theory. Although previous studies have confirmed the theory's core principles through correlational analysis, there remains a lack of empirical research on how uncertainty tolerance impacts the perceived effectiveness of intercultural communication, particularly within the context of Moroccan educational settings. The study employed a quantitative approach with a sample of 104 English as a foreign language (EFL) high school students learning. The sample included 60 female and 44 male students. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the overall level of uncertainty tolerance, while differences between these two categories of students were examined using an independent samples t-test .Additionally, to explore the relationship between uncertainty tolerance and intercultural communication competence, Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed .The results indicate that the students exhibit a moderate level of uncertainty tolerance. This was reflected in the mean score of 48.2. Whereas, the t-test revealed no significant difference between male and female students in terms of uncertainty tolerance (p-value = 0.20). However, the study found a positive correlation between uncertainty tolerance and intercultural communication competence (r = 0.35), suggesting that students with higher uncertainty tolerance tend to have better intercultural communication skills.

Research on optical properties of Eu3+ doped bismuth silicate crystals based on first principles

This paper is based on the first principles of density functional theory and uses the virtual crystal approximation method to calculate and analyze the optical properties of differently proportioned Eu3+-doped Bismuth silicate (Bi4Si3O12, or BSO). The results show that minor Eu3+ doping (1/12–1/3) improves the polarization ability of BSO and reduces energy loss. Additionally, doping an appropriate amount of Eu3+ (1/12–1/3) can improve light absorption and transmission of BSO to some extent. That is to say, Eu3+ doping improves the response of BSO to infrared light, and the absorption capacity in the ultraviolet and visible light regions is also enhanced. The theoretical research in this paper elucidates the changes in the optical properties of BSO after doping with Eu3+, providing a theoretical basis for expanding its application as a scintillation crystal in high-energy physics experiments, nuclear medicine, and other fields.

How to deliver gender diversity education to men: Training algorithms to the rescue

AbstractGender diversity training is typically provided to mix‐gender audiences. This one‐size‐fits‐all approach may be suboptimal because information about gender bias and inequity is often received differently along gender lines: men are less likely than women to believe it. We argue for tailoring gender diversity training via implementing segmentation and tailoring algorithms in training systems. To develop our theorizing, we integrate a learner‐centric approach to diversity training with principles of jiu jitsu persuasion theory. This leads us to test a new approach to diversity training that involves dynamic adaptation and tailoring the training to learners. Specifically, we first identify two distinct segments of men—believers and skeptics—and develop a user‐friendly segmentation algorithm that segments men, in real time, using only five items (Study 1). We then use the algorithm to assign segments of men trainees to tailored or non‐tailored training and show that presenting skeptic men with a tailored message improves training reactions and increases intentions to support gender diversity efforts (Study 2). Thus, we show that dynamic adaptation and tailoring successfully explain training outcomes, particularly for trainees who are skeptical of the diversity message. Practically, our study demonstrates the functionality and value of segmentation algorithms for organizations' training systems.

HIERARCHICAL ENCODING AND CONDITIONAL ATTENTION IN NEURAL MACHINE TRANSLATION

Constructivist learning theory posits that learners develop their comprehension and knowledge of the world by reflecting on their experiences. This theory stresses the importance of active, learner-centered education, in which students develop critical thinking skills, solve problems, and build upon their prior knowledge. Constructivist methodologies can substantially improve language acquisition and proficiency in the context of English instruction. This paper investigates the fundamental principles of constructivist learning theory and evaluates its practical applications in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction. The efficacy of critical strategies, including scaffolding, authentic tasks, and collaborative learning, are emphasized in cultivating a dynamic and interactive learning environment. In addition, the adaptability of constructivist methods in various educational environments is examined, allowing educators to customize their teaching strategies to accommodate the distinctive requirements of English language learners. This paper endeavors to provide educators with a comprehensive framework for integrating constructivist principles into their English teaching practices, thereby improving student engagement and language mastery through thoroughly examining literature and case studies.

Revealing elastic, thermophysical, optoelectronic, and transport characteristics of halide double perovskites Na2TlSbZ6 (Z = Cl/Br/I) for eco-friendly technologies: DFT analysis

Halide double perovskites (HDPs) exhibit advantageous functional characteristics, making them extremely suitable for utilization in photovoltaics and thermoelectrics. The current investigation utilized the WIEN2k simulation code, which is based on the principle of density functional theory (DFT), to analyze the structural, elastic, thermophysical, electro-optic, and transport properties of Na2TlSbZ6 (Z = Cl/Br/I). The cubic phase and chemical stability have been verified by calculating the tolerance factor and formation energy. The elastic features that exhibit flexibility, ductility, and mechanical stability for studied HDPs have been demonstrated. Three-dimensional Young’s modulus plots confirm the anisotropy in all examined HDPs. The electronic characteristics have been estimated to determine the band gap and details regarding the distribution of electronic states across bands. The band gap values of examined HDPs ranging between 1.40 and 0.78 eV confirm their semiconductor nature. The optical attributes, including dielectric function, absorption, reflectivity, and loss function, have been studied in detail. The reported optical absorption spectrum indicates that Na2TlSbZ6 (Z = Cl/Br/I) perovskites can be utilized in optoelectronic and solar energy technologies. Transport parameters have been comprehensively elucidated to predict the thermal energy conversion capability. The anticipated merit values of 0.84, 0.88, and 0.92 at room temperature validate their higher thermoelectric response for technological applications. These theoretical findings indicate the significant potential of these HDPs for solar cells and thermoelectric devices.

The Stochastic Evolution Game of Knowledge-Sharing Incentive in Virtual Communities under Intelligent Recommendation Systems

To effectively solve the issue of unsmooth knowledge sharing in virtual communities under intelligent recommendation systems, we analyzed the impact of key factors on the strategy selection and evolution path in different scenarios.Based on the principles of bounded rationality and benefit maximization, we consider the principles of evolutionary game theory and the influence of random interference. A random evolutionary game model is constructed to analyze strategy selection in the process of knowledge sharing incentives between virtual community platforms and users. We obtained the evolutionary equilibrium strategies under different parameter restrictions and analyzed the evolutionary stability of the dynamic game process of knowledge sharing incentives.The research shows that interference from random factors affects both the speed and the trend of strategy evolution in virtual community platforms and users. In order to improve the enthusiasm of users to share, virtual community need to increase the proportion of users with positive feedback, improve the recommendation incentive mechanism, and reduce the user loss coefficient. Based on the above research conclusions, some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the performance of virtual community knowledge sharing under intelligent recommendation systems are proposed, which provides theoretical guidance for knowledge sharing among virtual community members.

Full-reference calibration-free image quality assessment

Objective Image Quality Assessment (IQA) methods often lack of linearity of their quality estimates with respect to scores expressed by human subjects and therefore IQA metrics undergo a calibration process based on subjective quality examples. However, example-based training presents a challenge in terms of generalization hampering result comparison across different applications and operative conditions. In this paper, new Full Reference (FR) techniques, providing estimates linearly correlated with human scores without using calibration are introduced. We show that on natural images, application of estimation theory and psychophysical principles to images degraded by Gaussian blur leads to a so-called canonical IQA method, whose estimates are linearly correlated to both the subjective scores and the viewing distance. Then, we show that any mainstream IQA methods can be reconducted to the canonical method by converting its metric based on a unique specimen image. The proposed scheme is extended to wide classes of degraded images, e.g. noisy and compressed images. The resulting calibration-free FR IQA methods allows for comparability and interoperability across different imaging systems and on different viewing distances. A comparison of their statistical performance with respect to state-of-the-art calibration prone methods is finally provided, showing that the presented model is a valid alternative to the final 5-parameter calibration step of IQA methods, and the two parameters of the model have a clear operational meaning and are simply determined in practical applications. The enhanced performance are achieved across multiple viewing distance databases by independently realigning the blur values associated with each distance.

Experimental study on soil deformation caused by overexploitation of groundwater.

Due to the overexploitation of deep groundwater, the largest cone of depression in the world has formed in the North China Plain. This led to severe geological hazards, including land subsidence and ground fissures, and also caused economic losses. The prevention and treatment of subsidence needs to rely on the accurate prediction of subsidence amount. According to the one-dimensional consolidation theory and effective stress principle, combined with stratum structure, groundwater flow, stress distribution, and so forth, the high-pressure consolidation test results of 569.6m deep borehole soil samples are adopted; with a specific focus on stress and deformation parameters under exploitation of groundwater condition, the soil-water coupling prediction model of groundwater level lowering depth and land subsidence has been established. Verification with measured subsidence data near the study sites demonstrated that the predicted curve is consistent with the measured one and the differences between them are acceptable. The model can be applied in different areas after making adjustment based on different regional stratigraphic structures. Its key advantage lies in the ability to provide land subsidence prediction for areas lacking monitoring data, making it highly valuable for widespread application. PRACTITIONER POINTS: There is a compressible stratum structure; it is the internal factors of land subsidence. The groundwater level decline causes the soil body stress to change. It is land subsidence of the external factors. Based on the one-dimensional consolidation theory and by combining stratigraphic structures, groundwater flow, and stress distribution, a ground settlement prediction model was established.

Exploring the Power of Visual Aesthetics in Advertising

Marketing plays a crucial role in determining the success of any organisation. Businesses can achieve significant growth by implementing a strategy that prioritises the needs and preferences of their customers. A recent study has emphasised the crucial significance of visual attractiveness in attracting customer attention and involvement. A favourable aesthetic experience can enhance the user's involvement with the interface. This article seeks to examine the capacity of utilising visual aesthetics to mould brand identity, impact consumer perception, and affect behaviour in advertising campaigns. This study will use Gestalt theory principles to enable advertisers to create more impactful and captivating advertising that captures viewers' attention, facilitates information processing, and improves brand recall. The study will utilise a quantitative methodology, using data collected via a self-administered questionnaire. The data analysis will employ structural equation modelling (SEM). The study's findings will unquestionably equip advertising marketers to improve product promotion techniques and tailor advertising campaigns.

Conceptualization and Measurement of Voice Interaction Usability: The Development of Cooperative Principle Theory for Smart Product Use

The usability of voice interaction is critical for consumers to have a satisfactory experience when interacting with voice-controlled smart products. However, voice interaction from the user’s perspective is underresearched and there are no existing scales to measure voice-interaction usability. This study uses a mixed methods approach to explore the construct of voice-interaction usability and establish a scale that can be used for measuring it. We first developed voice-interaction usability dimensions based on user reviews by using a coding technique that stems from grounded theory and then set up a classification of voice-interaction usability with five dimensions and 13 subdimensions based on cooperative principle theory. After developing the multilevel dimensions, we collected and examined multiple rounds of survey data to develop and validate a voice-interaction usability scale. This study enhances cooperative principle theory by extending the four-principle framework, developing the subdimensions of the framework in the human-machine voice-interaction context, and operationalizing the dimension concepts by developing the associated scales. The voice-interaction usability scale not only contributes to research on users’ behavior and experience with voice-controlled smart products but also provides insights to improve the design of voice-interaction functions.

Interdisciplinary collaboration: addressing global challenges through innovative learning strategies

In this era of globalization, students in Indonesia face increasingly complex challenges in understanding, addressing, and contributing to global issues. However, the existing curriculum often fails to provide adequate perspectives and skills to tackle these global problems. Therefore, this research aims to provide students with a holistic, practical, and relevant learning experience to address global challenges through a Team-Based Project strategy that integrates compulsory courses in higher education with a global citizenship education approach. Cross-curricular collaboration helps students see the interconnectedness of various disciplines, which is essential in addressing complex global issues. Survey results indicate a variation of views among student groups regarding their understanding of global issues. This innovative learning strategy utilizes principles of behaviorist theory, such as stimulus-response, positive reinforcement, and social interaction, to create an engaging, relevant, and responsive learning environment tailored to students' needs. Through involvement in joint projects focused on global issues, students are stimulated to contribute and take concrete actions in seeking solutions and bringing about positive change on a larger scale. Thus, this learning strategy is expected to enhance students' understanding, skills, and commitment to addressing global challenges in the contemporary era.

Effect of Catalyst Concentration on Reaction Rate in Organic Synthesis in Kenya

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of catalyst concentration on reaction rate in organic synthesis in Kenya. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low-cost advantage as compared to field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Increased catalyst concentration typically enhances the reaction rate by providing more active sites for the reactants to interact, thereby accelerating the reaction process. This phenomenon follows the principles of collision theory, which states that a higher concentration of catalyst molecules leads to more frequent collisions with reactant molecules, thus increasing the likelihood of successful reactions. Studies have shown that in many organic syntheses, an optimal catalyst concentration exists where the reaction rate is maximized; beyond this point, further increases in catalyst concentration may result in negligible improvements or even adverse effects due to catalyst aggregation or inhibition. Additionally, the nature of the catalyst, its dispersion in the reaction medium, and the specific reaction mechanism all play significant roles in determining the overall impact of catalyst concentration on reaction kinetics. Consequently, fine-tuning the catalyst concentration is essential for optimizing reaction conditions, improving yields, and achieving desired product selectivity in organic synthesis. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Transition state theory, collision theory and michaelis menten kinetics may be used to anchor future studies on assessing effect of catalyst concentration on reaction rate in organic synthesis in Kenya. Practical guidelines are crucial for optimizing catalyst concentration in specific reaction types and industrial settings. Establishing regulatory frameworks that incentivize efficient catalyst concentration practices within industries is imperative.

FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA QUE ATUAM COM ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA

This article addresses the theme of Inclusive Education with a focus on training teachers in the area of Physical Education who work in teaching students with disabilities. This article addresses the theme of Inclusive Education with a focus on training teachers in the area of Physical Education who deal with students with disabilities. The main objective of this investigation is to understand the training trajectory of Physical Education teachers to work with students with disabilities, specifically: 1. How the training took place and possible implications for acting in the context of Inclusive Education and 2. Teachers’ challenges in dealing with students with disabilities in everyday school life. The data were constructed in semi-structured interviews recorded and later transcribed. In line with the methodological principles of historical-cultural theory, the explanatory analysis allowed us to identify obstacles in the initial training process, such as: scarce content on teaching for students with disabilities; and subjects that are very theoretical and removed from the school reality. The teachers also highlighted: lack of support from educational management and the need for continued training while, in the school context, training spaces should be created. The study made it possible to identify the training demands of Physical Education teachers and the challenges they face in everyday school life, contributing to reflections on their training needs.

Translating relational theories into dementia care using research-informed drama

ABSTRACT Culture change initiatives in older adult and dementia care have called for a new care paradigm informed by a relational ontology and relational theories. Yet translating these humanizing principles into practice has proven difficult; traditional approaches to knowledge translation have not had a sustained impact. One of the most significant impediments to transforming the culture of care has been the lack of understanding of what it means to be and act relational in practice. A growing body of research is demonstrating the potential of critical arts-based inquiry/pedagogy (CABI/P) for translating theory in accessible and relevant ways for diverse audiences and for shifting images, understandings and actions in healthcare in more effective ways. As part of a larger longitudinal project, this paper explores the immediate impacts of a research-informed drama called ‘Cracked: new light on dementia,’ and how it might enhance understandings of relational caring for staff working in long-term care (LTC) homes. Data from post-performance focus group/interview discussions with staff working in two different LTC settings point to the effectiveness of Cracked in translating key principles of relational theories into older adult and dementia care and the possibilities of CABI/P in gerontological education more broadly. Although organizational and broader system change is needed to achieve sustained impact of relational caring practices, CABI/P, such as Cracked, has the potential to expose and challenge entrenched assumptions, policies, practices, and to imagine and effect more compassionate, humane, and equitable care.

Research on upper bound limit analysis of slope stability in open-pit mine based on least square principle

So as to extend the application of upper bound limit analysis for slope stability in open-pit mine, this paper analyzed failure mechanism of rock mass when shear failure occurred based on plastic mechanics principles, and combined with discrete mathematical theory and least square principle to propose a visualization method of logarithmic spiral. At the same time, the visualization method was applied to engineering practice for slope stability in open-pit mine, and cycle algorithm of stability analysis for open-pit mine slope was proposed through energy balance conditions, then stability analysis results were evaluated reasonably through uniting with limit equilibrium method. The results show that visualization method of logarithmic spiral proposed in this paper is highly consistent with original curve, and can ensure correlation coefficient square is greater than 0.9995. What is more, upper bound limit analysis method has a superhigh accuracy in slope engineering. At the same time, the most dangerous sliding surface obtained by this method can satisfy the requirements of velocity separation, which solved velocity problems during the process of slope evolution. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper has a stronger application in the field of open-pit mining.

Ultra-Broadband Mode (De)Multiplexer on Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Platform Adopting Phase Control Theory.

Mode (de)multiplexers (MDMs) serve as critical foundational elements within systems for facilitating high-capacity communication, relying on mode conversions achieved through directional coupler (DC) structures. However, DC structures are challenged by dispersion issues for broadband mode coupling, particularly for high-order modes. In this work, based on the principles of phase control theory, we have devised an approach to mitigate the dispersion challenges, focusing on a thin-film lithium niobate-on-onsulator (LNOI) platform. This solution involves integrating a customized inverse-dispersion section into the device architecture, offsetting minor phase shifts encountered during the mode coupling process. By employing this approach, we have achieved broadband mode conversion from TE0 to TE1 and TE0 to TE2 within a 300 nm wavelength range, and the maximum deviations were maintained below -0.68 dB and -0.78 dB, respectively. Furthermore, the device exhibited remarkably low crosstalk, reaching down to -26 dB.