Primary Cervical Lymphoma Research Articles

Development and validation of nomograms to predict survival of primary cervical lymphoma: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database analysis.

Due to the rarity of primary cervical lymphoma (PCL), the long-term survival of patients with cervical lymphoma and factors influencing survival are unknown. This study aimed to compare the survivals of patients with PCL and those with other cervical tumors and construct a clinical prediction model to assess the prognosis of patients with PCL. Patients with PCL from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were allocated randomly in a 7:3 ratio to the training and validation sets. Cox proportional hazard and Fine-Gray models were used to verify independent factors influencing overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), and nomograms were constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to test the performance and clinical utility of the models, respectively. We included 206 patients with PCL. The areas under the curves (AUCs) and DCA showed that all models had clinical benefits; The models constructed in this study had a predictive performance for patients with PCL. It can guide clinicians to rationalize the treatment plan for patients.

Primary Cervical Intramedullary Lymphoma: A Case Report

Primary Cervical Intramedullary Lymphoma: A Case Report

Advanced Ann Arbor stage and age over 60 years as prognostic predictors in patients with primary cervical lymphoma: a retrospective cohort study and systematic review

ObjectiveTo evaluate the overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for primary cervical lymphoma (PCL), an extremely rare disease without treatment consensus.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study included 177 patients, including 169 cases identified from literature review. The Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression were used to determine the OS, DSS, RFS, and relevant risk factors.ResultsThe 5-year OS and 5-year DSS rates were 85.8 and 87.2%, respectively, while the 5-year RFS rate was 85.5%. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the predominant subtype that comprised 63.8% (113 cases) in this cohort. Multivariate analysis in the DLBCL subgroup revealed that age ≥ 60 years (Odds ratio [OR]: 26.324, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 5.090–136.144, P < 0.001) or stage IIIE-IVE (advanced stage) (OR: 4.219, 95%CI: 1.314–13.551, P = 0.016) were the risk factors for OS, while patients with age ≥ 60 years (OR:23.015, 95%CI: 3.857–137.324, P = 0.001), and stage IIIE-IVE (OR: 4.056, 95% CI: 1.137–14.469, P = 0.031) suffered a poor DSS. Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy improved the OS (P = 0.008), DSS (P = 0.049), and RFS (P = 0.003). However, cancer-directed surgery did not improve the OS, DSS, and RFS. The risk factor was unavailable in other subtypes of PCL due to limited cases.ConclusionThe survival outcomes in patients with PCL at early stage were satisfactory, while the advanced disease stage and age ≥ 60 years were the two major factors predicting poor prognosis in DLBCL subtype.

Is Uterine Cervix Lymphoma Missed Most of the Time? A Rare Case of Primary Cervical Lymphoma

Is Uterine Cervix Lymphoma Missed Most of the Time? A Rare Case of Primary Cervical Lymphoma

Primary Cervical Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; A Narrative Review

Primary Cervical Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; A Narrative Review

Synchronous Primary Cervical Cancer and Follicular Lymphoma- A Case Report

Synchronous Primary Cervical Cancer and Follicular Lymphoma- A Case Report

Primary cervical diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: report of one case and review of literature

目的 提高对原发于子宫颈的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)临床特征及治疗方法的认识。 方法 分析1例原发于子宫颈的DLBCL伴有阴道滴虫病患者的资料，同时进行文献复习。 结果 原发于子宫颈的DLBCL临床表现无特异性，容易误诊，R-CHOP方案治疗有效。 结论 病理检查是确诊原发于子宫颈DLBCL的依据，滴虫感染与DLBCL的关系有待进一步证实，R-CHOP方案是首选治疗方案。

Primary Uterine Cervical High-Grade Follicular Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Primary Uterine Cervical High-Grade Follicular Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Successful Treatment of A Primary Cervical Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Rituximab-CHOP Immunochemotherapy

Successful Treatment of A Primary Cervical Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Rituximab-CHOP Immunochemotherapy

Primary cervical lymphoma: a rare presentation to a genitourinary medicine clinic

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of uterine cervix is a rare diagnosis. We present the case of a 47-year-old woman who presented to our genitourinary (GU) medicine service complaining of a malodorous discharge. Speculum examination revealed a necrotic mass on the cervix. She was referred urgently to gynaecology and subsequent histology revealed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. She received six cycles of RCHOP chemotherapy and is now in clinical remission. This case highlights the need for GU medicine physicians to remain vigilant with regard to possible gynaecological malignancies in all of our patients, the need for medical backup within GU medicine clinics and for clear pathways of referral to other specialists to exist.

Primary lymphoma of the uterus and cervix: two case reports and review of the literature

Primary lymphoma of the uterus and cervix is rarely encountered. We present two cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the cervix and uterus that were treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy followed by pelvic radiotherapy. The women are disease free 20 and 19 months after the diagnosis respectively. Seventy-two cases of primary uterine and cervical lymphoma reported in the English literature in the last 10 years from 2000 to 2010 are reviewed.

FDG-PET Is Useful in Staging and Follow-up of Primary Uterine Cervical Lymphoma

A 35-year old woman presented with vaginal bleeding. She had a normal gynecologic examination and Papanicolaou test. A CT scan of the pelvis showed a cervical mass, which on biopsy proved to be B-cell lymphoma. PET before preoperative staging demonstrated a large area of increased FDG uptake in the pelvis, corresponding to the mass seen on the CT scan. There were no other abnormal F-18 FDG avid sites. The patient received chemotherapy followed by total abdominal hysterectomy. Histopathology was consistent with large B-cell lymphoma of the uterine cervix. Posttherapy CT scan and PET scan showed no evidence of active and or residual disease.

Primary follicular lymphoma of the cervix uteri: a review

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the cervix is a rare disease, of which a subgroup of follicular lymphoma constitutes only 8.5%. There is not an established treatment protocol neither for primary cervical lymphoma nor for its follicular subgroup. We presented a case with Ann Arbor stage IEA (Extra-nodal involvement and absence of weight loss, fever, night sweat) primary follicular lymphoma of the cervix. She was treated with chemotherapy followed by pelvic radiotherapy. Upon relapse with a nodal neck mass, she was treated with rituximab alone. She remained well for 23 months after rituximab. In the 39 months of follow-up, there was no evidence of disease. In the light of our case, we reviewed the reported cases of primary follicular lymphoma of the cervix while discussing their treatment protocols and the cases of primary cervix lymphoma treated with rituximab.

A case of primary malignant lymphoma of uterine cervix

Although in the past two decades there has been a sharp rise in the incidence of extranodal primary lymphomas, non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma (NHL) of the female genital tract is still rare. There is still no consensus on the management of cervical lymphomas. The malignant lymphoma localized in uterine cervix is rare and characteristically symptom free expressed. A 26-year-old woman presented in March 2004 with uterine bleeding. After the patient underwent punch biopsy, primary cervical malignant lymphoma was diagnosed. Six courses of chemotherapy were administered in an adjuvant setting. Thirty-nine months (May 2007) after the diagnosis the patient was alive and without signs of recurrent disease. In this report, one case of primary cervical lymphoma diagnosed by punch biopsy is reported and associated literature is discussed.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma mimicking gynecological malignancies of the vagina and cervix: a report of four cases

Although in the past two decades there has been a sharp rise in the incidence of extranodal primary lymphomas in the United States, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the female genital tract is still rare. We present four cases of extranodal NHL presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with cancer of the vagina or cervix and lacking the "B" symptoms often associated with systemic lymphoma such as fever, weight loss, night sweat, and fatigue. It is important for gynecologists to be aware of this neoplastic disease and to include cervical or vaginal lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with examinations suggestive of cervical or vaginal cancer. A correct diagnosis leads to the appropriate therapy, and radical gynecological surgery can be avoided for primary cervical and vaginal lymphoma.

Clinicopathologic features of six cases of primary cervical lymphoma

Primary lymphoma of the uterine cervix is rare, with less than 60 cases reported. We present a series of 6 patients with cervical lymphoma and review the literature. Between 1988 and 2003, we identified 6 women with primary lymphoma of the uterine cervix treated at our institutions. Data for analysis were obtained from hospital charts, office records, and tumor registry files. We also reviewed 20 published reports on cervical lymphoma, providing information on 58 additional patients. The median age at diagnosis was 52 years (range 40-76). Three patients had an abnormal Papanicolaou test within 6 months of the diagnosis. Mean tumor size was 8.3 cm (range 3-14 cm). On the basis of the Ann Arbor system of staging where "E" denotes extranodal tumor origin, 2 patients had stage IE, 1 had stage IIIE, and 3 had stage IVE disease. The median follow-up for these 6 women was 33 months (range 12-120). Adding the 6 patients in our series to the 58 patients obtained from published reports, 43 had stage IE, 14 had stage IIE, 2 had stage IIIE, and 5 had stage IVE disease. There was no consistent pattern of treatment identified from our literature review. Primary lymphoma of the uterine cervix is a rare malignancy. Most patients present with stage IE disease. Women with localized disease typically respond to various combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Combination chemotherapy with tailored radiotherapy appears to be the preferred treatment option in women with advanced disease.

Synchronous CIN 3 and cervical lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature

Primary cervical lymphoma is rare, with less than 60 cases reported in the English literature, including a few cases of synchronous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) with cervical lymphoma. We describe a 42-year-old woman with CIN 3 and malignant lymphoma of the cervix. The Papanicolaou cytology only revealed dysplastic cells of CIN 3, but not the malignant lymphoid cells. The histology of the cervix revealed diffuse infiltration of monotonous medium-sized lymphoid cells with dispersing tingible bodies, and a Burkitt's lymphoma in combination with a small CIN 3 lesion was diagnosed. Neither human papillomavirus nor Epstein-Barr virus was identified by polymerase chain reaction or in situ hybridization. The patient developed leukemic spreading and died soon after surgery.

Primary lymphoma of the cervix, case report and literature review

We report on a 44-year-old patient with a primary follicular lymphoma of the cervix that was diagnosed after a long loop excision of transformation zone following an abnormal cervical smear. The cervical smear is not accurate in the diagnosis of primary cervical lymphoma, due to the absence of surface ulceration. Chemotherapy alternating with radiation therapy to the fields involved achieves the highest survival rates. Consideration of fertility should be addressed in young patients with early and localised disease.

Magnetic resonance imaging of primary lymphoma of the cervix

Although uterus and cervix infiltration is a frequent finding in the later stages of lymphomatous disease, primary lymphoma of the cervix is very uncommon; however, this entity can occasionally be distinguished from cervical carcinoma by means of MRI. This is an important fact as treatment and prognosis differ between these neoplasms. We present a case of primary cervical lymphoma studied with high-field (1.5 T) MRI and we make an extensive review of the literature. The cervical mass was found in a routine pelvic examination in a patient with no previous history of gynecologic disorders. This is an uncommon way of presentation of this disease. T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequences in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes, and T1-weighted SE pre- and post-contrast images, were obtained. The lack of involvement of the mucosa, as well as sparing of cervical stroma and uterine junctional zone, are the most important findings to differentiate cervical lymphoma from carcinoma, and are best evaluated with T2 TSE sequences. Post-contrast images help to delineate the extent of the disease.

Case report: Magnetic resonance imaging in primary cervical lymphoma: the role in diagnosis and follow-up

Case report: Magnetic resonance imaging in primary cervical lymphoma: the role in diagnosis and follow-up