Production Price Research Articles

Management and Business Analysis of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) at the Aquaculture Installation (IPB) Pandaan

The growing global population increases the demand for protein, making the aquaculture and fisheries industries vital. This study aims to optimize goldfish hatchery management at the IPB Pandaan, East Java, to improve production and seed quality. The research was conducted in January-February 2024 at the IPB Pandaan Fisheries Breeding Installation, using observation and interview methods. Primary data were obtained from interviews with business actors and stakeholders, while secondary data were from literature studies. Data analysis includes production management, water quality, feed, and financial evaluations such as R/C Ratio, BEP, and PP to assess performance and potential efficiency improvements in the goldfish hatchery business. Goldfish hatchery management at IPB Pandaan includes pond preparation, broodstock selection, spawning with temperature and water quality control, egg hatching, feeding, nursery, and seed harvesting. Water quality is maintained with temperatures of 23.9-30.5 ºC, pH 7.3-8.9, and DO 3.2-6.3 ppm. Total investment is Rp 37,500,000, with fixed monthly costs of Rp 3,335,414 and operational costs of Rp 500,000. The total revenue is Rp 7,784,000, and the profit is Rp 3,752,752. An R/C Ratio of 1.93 indicates a profitable business, with a payback period of 16.39 months and a BEP production price of Rp 14,497 per cup.

Analyzing the dynamics of groundnut production and marketing in Cross River State, Nigeria

The production and marketing dynamics of groundnut play a crucial role in shaping the agricultural sector, particularly in Cross River State, Nigeria. This study employs a simultaneous modeling technique to delve into the intricate relationship between production and marketing activities. Primary data, gathered from 1253 farmers and market participants through structured questionnaires, comprehensively covers aspects such as production inputs, output, prices, marketing channels, and market participation. The simultaneous modeling technique provides valuable insights into the interdependencies among production and marketing variables. It unveils the significant influence of variable costs, market prices, and income on groundnut production and marketing strategies. The study not only highlights these interconnections but also identifies critical interventions for enhancing efficiency in both production and marketing processes. Emphasizing the importance of well-targeted policies, the research underscores the need for initiatives focused on quality inputs, effective market information dissemination, and the strengthening of market linkages. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the groundnut industry dynamics and offer actionable recommendations for improving overall efficiency and sustainability. Keywords: Production, marketing, groundnut, dynamics, simultaneous modelling technique.

Large Cardamom Farming in Eastern Nepal: Identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

Large cardamom, an important cash crop from eastern Nepal with significant potential in international trade, is facing challenges in terms of its production and market price. This study aims to document the perception of local farmers of Ilam district in regard to decreased production of large cardamom. First hand data were obtained through visiting the households of farmers and observing and documenting their daily chores for cardamom farming. Questionnaires were developed and were used in individual interviews (77), focus group discussions (4), and key informant interviews (5). The SWOT analysis revealed that the large cardamom farming possesses significant strengths, including high market price and minimum investment in terms of labor and fertilizer. However, it also faces notable weaknesses, such as vulnerability to diseases and environmental stresses. These strengths and weaknesses present several opportunities, including crop diversification, search for disease-resistant and superior varieties, and the adoption of scientific farming. On the other hand, the major threats encountered were the risk of uncertain return due to market price fluctuations, government oversight, lack of technical and scientific support, and vulnerability due to lack of skilled manpower and resources causing farmers to abandon large cardamom farming.

Penyuluhan Penetapan Harga Pokok Produksi Barang/Jasa Bagi Anggota AMPI/HKTI Bandung Barat

ABSTRACT The aim of this community service is to provide an understanding of how to determine the basic production price of cow's milk products for dairy farmers in Pengalengan and to provide an understanding of marketing strategies for cow's milk products for dairy farmers in Pengalengan. The method used is interactive where the speaker and participants ask each other questions and answers regarding the counseling given. The result of this community service is that the participants understand how to calculate the cost of production for goods and services sold in the form of cow's milk and agricultural products such as potatoes and vegetables. The implication of this community service is the application of the correct calculation of the cost of production for livestock breeders and farmers in canning so as to produce competitive selling prices.

Construction, heterological expression and a simple purification of the BP region of the pneumococcal surface protein A fused in different orientations to the chemotaxis adaptor protein CheW from Thermotoga petrophila

BackgroundThe important challenge to the biotechnology is to find new effective fusion partners that enable to improve solubility, expression, and optimize the subsequent fine purification of the target protein. ResultsThe most invariant part of the most immunogenic region of the surface virulence factor A of Streptococcus pneumoniae was selected as a model target protein, while the thermostable chemotaxis polypeptide of W-type from Thermotoga petrophila was used as a fusion partner. The genes encoding fusion variants of these proteins were constructed and cloned into a plasmid vector under the control of the strong bacteriophage T7 transcription regulatory system. Effective Escherichia coli producer strains were obtained, and optimal conditions were chosen for the production of resulting constructs. The optimal pH and temperature ranges of recombinant proteins were determined, and three-dimensional shapes of their molecules were also predicted. Methods of low-stage protein purification were improved. Some of the isolated proteins demonstrated a high level of expression, solubility and purity. ConclusionsNovel chimeric proteins were obtained which had not previously been observed in nature in such domain combinations. It was shown that the biotechnologically valuable characteristics of the hybrid proteins were more marked when the thermal-resistant partner was combined with the N-terminus of pneumococcal protein. The principles of their low-stage purification were performed which does not require any special equipment. That is a basis for significant reduction of prices for diagnostic test-systems components and subunit vaccine production.How to cite: Grishin DV, Sidorov NG, Parfenova OK, et al. Construction, heterological expression and a simple purification of the BP region of the pneumococcal surface protein a fused in different orientations to the chemotaxis adaptor protein CheW from Thermotoga petrophila. Electron J Biotechnol 2024;71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2024.05.001.

Uncertain random optimal control model for deteriorating inventory with the finite horizon

This paper examines a deteriorating inventory model with combined pricing and production during a limited selling time in an uncertain random setting. Demand is influenced by market size and price, which are portrayed in terms of random variables. The uncertainty factors affecting the inventory are represented by multiple Liu processes. Inventories deteriorate by a certain percentage and back-orders for inventories are permitted. This study aims to determine the optimal level of production rate and pricing that maximizes the producer’s total expected profit through the application of uncertain random optimal control theory, which is based on uncertain theory and probability theory. Numerical examples are used to compare joint pricing dynamic production model with dynamic production model under an optimal static price, highlighting the benefits of implementing joint pricing dynamic production model. Furthermore, it is evident that an increase in deterioration rate results in decreased on-hand inventory, yet higher production rate and price. It should also be noted that different levels of probability expectation of demand can have an impact on production inventory problem.

A Lot Sizing Model for a Deteriorating Product with Shifting Production Rates, Freshness, Price, and Stock-Dependent Demand with Price Discounting

A Lot Sizing Model for a Deteriorating Product with Shifting Production Rates, Freshness, Price, and Stock-Dependent Demand with Price Discounting

Enhancing Indonesian coffee trade: Strategies for navigating and reducing trade barriers

This study scrutinizes the intricate relationship between production technology advancements and price reactions in the Robusta and Arabica commodities and their collective influence on profitability exploring the relationship between market and policy dynamics and the coffee industry in Indonesia. This study delves into the intricate interplay between market dynamics, policy interventions and technological advancements within the Robusta and Arabica coffee commodities in Indonesia. It employs a historical simulation to scrutinize the multifaceted relationship between production technology advancements, price reactions and their collective influence on the profitability of coffee cultivation in the region from 2008 to 2020. Our research reveals a striking discrepancy between the expansion of coffee cultivation due to technological progress and the delayed price reactions within the Indonesian coffee industry. The industry faces challenges in translating these advancements into immediate profitability for growers despite significant strides in production technology. The study further dissects the role of governmental interventions, such as subsidies in shaping production outcomes and market responses. High bank interest rates emerge as a significant hindrance to industry growth, exacerbating the profitability dilemma faced by coffee growers. Furthermore, the export price elasticity of Robusta coffee exhibits limitations, raising questions about the industry's ability to harness its potential in global markets despite increased production volumes. Our findings underscore the industry's acute sensitivity to policy alterations highlighting the urgent need for strategic reforms targeting high bank interest rates and the expansion of market opportunities. We advocate for comprehensive research efforts that encompass a broader spectrum of variables to yield deeper insights into the complexities of the Indonesian coffee sector.

Development of a Home Energy Conservation System Using Power Saving Modes

Energy conservation has become more and more popular in recent years, both on the supply and demand sides. This is sponsored majorly by the rising price of energy production affecting both residential homes and industrial sectors. This project proposes a home energy conservation system using three different energy saving modes such as free, normal and extreme modes of operation. Energy was save based on mode of operation using different parameter as the limiting factors that include time, temperature and current respectively. The system comprises of temperature sensor, motion sensor, current sensor, real time clock, 4x4 keypad, LCD screen and an Arduino microcontroller. The Free mode makes use of time limiting factor to alter the time on and off of output, the Normal mode makes use of temperature sensor and motion sensor to regulate the outputs and the Extreme mode males use of current limiting capability to regulate outputs. The project was designed with the proteus software, while the programming was done on the Arduino IDE software. Result of this project shows the system can help conserve up to 45% energy depending on user’s preference.

How price and non-price factors influence the market price of major carp: Findings from the dynamic ARDL approach

Recently, fish prices in Bangladesh have been growing, particularly the market price of major carp, even though the factors that may be contributing to this trend are unexplored. Therefore, this study considers some price and non-price factors to explore the market price dynamics of major carp species in Bangladesh. To explore the factors impacting the market price of carp fish, we apply advanced time-series econometric modeling, such as the recently devised dynamic simulated autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model using publicly available data on fish prices from 2005 M1 to 2021 M12. This period is attributed to the rapid transformation from mostly low-intensity farming to commercialization due to a rise in productivity and market price. Among the price factors, the findings demonstrate that the price of corn, soybean, and oilcake, and fisheries wage rate have a positive significant impact on fish price in both the short and long term. In addition, among the non-price drivers, GDP per capita, inflation rate, and fish consumption all have a significant positive influence on fish prices in the long run, whereas total production has a detrimental effect on fish prices in the long run. These results have significant policy ramifications for attaining the fish farmers' profit maximization and consumers' welfare maximization goals.

Investigation of hybrid power-to-hydrogen/natural gas and hydrogen-to-X system in Cameroon

In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the capacity to generate energy faces significant hurdles. Despite efforts to integrate renewable energy sources and natural gas power plants into the energy portfolio, the desired reduction in environmental impact and alleviation of energy poverty remain elusive. Hence, exploring a spectrum of hybrid technologies, encompassing storage and hydrogen-based solutions, is imperative to optimize energy production while mitigating harmful emissions. To exemplify this necessity, the 216 MW Kribi gas power plant in Cameroon is the case study. The primary aim is to investigate cutting-edge emissions and energy schemes within the SSA. This paper assessed the minimum complaint load technique and four power-to-fuel options from technical, financial, and environmental perspectives to assess the viability of a natural gas fuel system powered with hydrogen in a hybrid mode. The system generates hydrogen by using water electrolysis, with photovoltaic electricity and gas power plant. This research also assesses process efficiency, storage capacity, annual costs, carbon avoided costs, and production prices for various fuels. Results showed that the LCOE from a photovoltaic solar plant is 0.19$/kWh, with the Power-to-Hydrogen process (76.2% efficiency) being the most efficient, followed by the ammonia and urea processes. The study gives a detailed examination of the hybrid hydrogen natural gas fuel system. According to the annual cost breakdown, the primary costs are associated with the acquisition of electrical energy and electrolyser CAPEX and OPEX, which account for 95% of total costs. Urea is the cheapest mass fuel. However, it costs more in terms of energy. Hydrogen is the most cost-effective source of energy. In terms of energy storage and energy density by volume, the methane resulted as the most suitable solution, while the ammonia resulted as the best H2 storage medium in terms of kg of H2 per m3 of storage (108 kgH2/m3). By substituting the fuel system with 15% H2, the environmental effects are reduced by 1622 tons per year, while carbon capture technology gathered 16,664 tons of CO2 for methanation and urea operations, yielding a total carbon averted cost of 21 $/ton.

Budget and breakeven prices of winter canola and pennycress production in Tennessee

AbstractCanola (Brassica napus) and pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) are winter oilseed crops that can be used to create sustainable aviation fuel. They have been grown successfully in the Upper Midwest and Great Plains and are garnering interest in the Mid‐South. A field study was conducted in Tennessee to determine management practices and average yields expected for the region. From this study, a budget and breakeven analysis was conducted. Budgets were created for tilled and no‐till canola and pennycress systems. Based on average yields obtained and projected oilseeds prices, canola systems are potentially profitable, while pennycress systems are not. However, breakeven prices were highly variable between years, locations, oilseed species, and tillage type. Canola has been relatively established in the region and can be promoted to growers as a profitable crop. Presently, the adoption of pennycress in the Mid‐South is not recommended without further research on best management practices, breeding efforts for higher yielding varieties, and the creation of a viable market for sale.

The Implementation of Value Chain Holistic Model of Ulos Weaving Fabric Creative Industry

This research has a long-term goal to increase the income of stakeholders in the us weaving fabric industry in North Sumatra and the National Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia. The specific target to be achieved is to improve the concept of a value chain holistic model of the Ulos weaving fabric industry, which will soon be implemented. The methods used in achieving this goal are an experimental study by a value chain holistic model of the Ulos weaving fabric industry using the strength and opportunities strategy. Through a Focus Group Discussion involving MUSRENBANG, KOPERINDAG, City Government, Provincial Government, Ulos Weaving Fabric Manufacturers Group, Weaver Group, and Producers Cooperative, information and data will be collected, which will be grouped into Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats information. The evaluation of data and information through a SWOT analysis shows the results that the proposed model is good and continues to implement a production and marketing strategy, where the establishment of a production cooperative will strengthen SMEs with a joint commitment of members and will facilitate the capital. The Association of SMEs was formed to produce quality production and standardized prices so as to be able to deal with internal competition properly, which will be able to support the Lake Toba tourist destination as a tourism activity in North Sumatera. Standing for marketing is also needed to support the construction of toll roads along the Lake Toba area through the tourist gateways of Medan and Silangit.

Hectareage Prediction Models for Paddy Crop of Middle Gujarat

The present investigation was undertaken with a view to identify the models for predicting the hectareage of paddy crop of the middle Gujarat region. The investigation was carried out on the basis of secondary data covering the period of nineteen years, (1998-99 to 2016-17). The District level data relating to hectareage, production, productivity and farm harvest prices of paddy were obtained from the published and compiled information by Directorate of Agriculture, Gujarat State, Gandhinagar. The linear multiple regression technique (basically Nerlovian type) was employed. The eight single equation and four simultaneous equation (SE) models were tried for paddy crop, the following models were selected on the basis of the values of adjusted coefficient of multiple determination. SE model-III for paddy is given below.HEPD = 40960.532**** - 10.414*** HEBJ + 0.784 HEMZ - 1.187**** HEPDL + 3.720*** HEBJL + 5.588**** EYPD + 0.866 EYBJ - 6.205*** EYMZ- 6.833**** EPPD + 1.502 EPBJ (R2= 0.946)HEBJ = 3261.298 - 0.061 HEPD + 0.108 HEMZ - 0.093 HEPDL + 0.337 HEBJL + 0.441 EYPD + 0.220 EYBJ - 0.619 EYMZ - 0.594 EPPD + 0.227EPBJ (R2= 0.960)HEMZ = 1816.343 + 0.028 HEPD + 0.147 HEBJ + 0.220 HEBJL + 0.649 HEMZL - 0.120 EYPD - 0.176 EYBJ - 0.092 EYMZ - 0.226 EPMZ - 0.106EPBJ (R2= 0.850)*, **, ***, **** Significant at the 20, 10, 5, 1 percent level of significance, respectivelyFor the selected crops, SE model was recommended for prediction of the current hectareage on the basis of the adjusted coefficient of multiple determination ( R 2). For Paddy hectareage the main affecting factors viz., bajra hectareage, lagged hectareage of paddy, expected yield of maize and expected price of paddy. Expected yield and expected price of paddy were determining factors of bajra hectareage.

Causes of panic selling in broiler farms in Malang raya

Broiler farmers in Malang Raya are not only faced with chicken performance targets that must be achieved. However, farmers are more faced with the powerlessness to determine prices and unpredictable market conditions. It was found that many intermediary traders were speculating to reduce the price of chicken at the farmer level, especially during a pandemic. Farmers experience panic selling by choosing to sell chickens below the Cost of Production (HPP) rather than delaying the harvest schedule. The imbalance between the production price and the sales price causes the farmers to suffer losses. An analysis of the factors causing panic selling was carried out to find out the root of the problem in order to create a solution for chicken price stability at the farmer level. This study used a descriptive research design through filling out questionnaires by 30 respondents. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive and Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM). The results showed that the factors causing panic selling in broiler farms in Malang Raya were internal factors (38.9%), demography (29.9%), the Covid-19 pandemic (15.3%) and external factors (0.6%). External factors were confirmed to significantly strengthen the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on panic selling with a p-value of 0.035 and a path coefficient of 29.6%. In addition, internal factors were confirmed to significantly strengthen the influence of demography on panic selling with a p-value of 0.083 and a path coefficient of 23.2%. The biggest cause of panic selling is internal factor so that the selection of sapronak used and maintenance management determines the mortality rate of the chickens and the performance of the chickens produced. Because both of them determine the income earned by farmers as a motivation to remain wise in raising livestock.

PREDIKSI HARGA KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN METODE REGRESI LINEAR BERGANDA Studi Kasus PT. Bakrie Sumatera Plantations, Tbk.

Indonesia's plantation sector, especially palm oil, has a high selling value and its attractiveness continues to increase. The price of palm oil is strongly influenced by external factors, especially the price of crude oil (CPO) and palm oil production globally. Unstable price fluctuations have become a challenge for companies such as PT Bakrie Sumatera Plantations, Tbk. in planning harvest time and optimizing profits. To overcome this uncertainty, this study proposes the use of the Multiple Linear Regression method to predict palm oil prices. Price and production data from 2021 to 2023 are the main basis for developing the prediction model. In this study, 4 independent variables were used, namely year, month, oil price and total production. The amount of data used in this study is 33 data. In testing the Multiple Linear Regression method has an RMSE value of 0.24 and the predicted value of palm oil prices from January to December 2024 is the price of palm oil with the highest value in January 2024 of Rp. 2,276.931 / kg and with the lowest value in December 2024 of Rp. 1,474.75 / kg.

Impact of fiscal policies and green financing on firm innovation and firm value for green economic recovery

The worldwide spread of the COVID-19 epidemic has led to a rise in the costs of natural resources, which has increased production prices, slowed productivity, and threatened financial development. To stimulate the growth of sustainable economies, fiscal and monetary strategies must adopt a prioritized approach towards fostering innovation and development. The study investigates into recovery strategies by examining the influence of minute taxation reductions on power and exploring the incentives and mechanisms that drive innovation. We can estimate and deduce several outcomes by employing a variance-variance method to analyze quarterly data from Chinese companies listed in the market between Q1 2019 and Q2 2021. Enhancing energy efficiency through tax incentives can immensely benefit a company's innovative endeavors, as innovation serves to recover and expand market share. Furthermore, our research suggests that tax credits promoting energy efficiency can alleviate financial barriers and foster increased investment in innovation. Lastly, by endorsing artistic ventures, businesses can reduce costs and bolster internal cash flow. The implications of these findings are insignificant, as they propose that ineffective eco-design fiscal policies may serve as a negligible component of a limited business transformation plan for the post-COVID-19 era.

Understanding the spillover effects of ethanol production and energy prices on African food markets: A time-varying approach

Amidst recent global uncertainty caused by events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and wars, African countries are finding it even more challenging than before to achieve food security. This study utilizes the time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR)–based extended joint connectedness model to analyze the impact of external factors, such as U.S. ethanol production, grain speculation, international energy prices, international food prices, and international corn prices, on domestic food prices in four African countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, and Tanzania). The key results of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) The production of ethanol in the United States has an influence on the food prices in all four sample countries, with the extent of this impact differing from one nation to another. Notably, the effects of ethanol production were particularly pronounced until the years 2011–2012. (2) In Ethiopia and Tanzania, the domestic food market shows only a slight impact from speculative activities, whereas in Ghana and South Africa, these activities have a notable effect. (3) International energy prices play a significant role in shaping the domestic food prices across all four countries.

El sistema agroalimentario de la ciudad de Puebla después de la pandemia de COVID-19

This research analyzes the effects of COVID-19 pandemic in the agriculture-food system of Puebla, Mexico; considering production, supply-distribution and consumption of food subsystems. To study the contingency consequences, the case of “Central de Abastos de la Ciudad de Puebla” was selected as a wholesale market where the main players (producers, wholesalers and consumers) coexist. Qualitative method was applied representing the results of two surveys in this market, one of them in 2018, before pandemic, and the other in 2022, after health crisis. For the survey information and available statistics about food production, trade and food prices, some aspects were discovered: the negative effects of pandemic were produced by structural points of food system in neoliberal period and the resilience of agriculture system supported by rural producers city of Puebla suburbs who produced enough volume of food to supply the wholesale. This is a research focus to create a food public policy to attend the structural problems and also to mitigate the contingency effects like pandemic occurred between 2019 and 2022.

The effects of COVID-19 on agriculture supply chain, food security, and environment: a review.

COVID-19 has a deep impact on the economic, environmental, and social life of the global population. Particularly, it disturbed the entire agriculture supply chain due to a shortage of labor, travel restrictions, and changes in demand during lockdowns. Consequently, the world population faced food insecurity due to a reduction in food production and booming food prices. Low-income households face food security challenges because of limited income generation during the pandemic. Thus, there is a need to understand comprehensive strategies to meet the complex challenges faced by the food industry and marginalized people in developing countries. This research is intended to review the agricultural supply chain, global food security, and environmental dynamics of COVID-19 by exploring the most significant literature in this domain. Due to lockdowns and reduced industrial production, positive environmental effects are achieved through improved air and water quality and reduced noise pollution globally. However, negative environmental effects emerged due to increasing medical waste, packaging waste, and plastic pollution due to disruptions in recycling operations. There is extensive literature on the effects of COVID-19 on the environment and food security. This study is an effort to review the existing literature to understand the net effects of the pandemic on the environment and food security. The literature suggested adopting innovative policies and strategies to protect the global food supply chain and achieve economic recovery with environmental sustainability. For instance, food productivity should be increased by using modern agriculture technologies to ensure food security. The government should provide food to vulnerable populations during the pandemic. Trade restrictions should be removed for food trade to improve international collaboration for food security. On the environmental side, the government should increase recycling plants during the pandemic to control waste and plastic pollution.