Feed Prices Research Articles

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKTIVITAS TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN NILA (STUDI KASUS: KOTA TASIKMALAYA)

This study aims to identify various factors that affect the productivity of tilapia aquaculture in Tasikmalaya City. The location of this study was eight sub-districts of Tasikmalaya City. This research was conducted from February 2021 to November 2021. This is a quantitative and confirmatory descriptive study. The required quantitative data are primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected through two types of collection techniques, namely observation and interviews, followed by filling out questionnaires by the respondent. Meanwhile, the secondary data in this study was obtained by downloading data from the websites of the relevant agencies and the district statistical center, as well as from previous studies. In addition to several characteristics of cultivators and cultivation businesses, several conditions and obstacles experienced by cultivators are used as complementary research data. The respondents of this study are tilapia cultivators in Tasikmalaya City. The choosing of respondents was conducted by accidental sampling method. The results showed that the factors that significantly affected the productivity of tilapia aquaculture in Tasikmalaya City consisted of land size, feed price, quantity of feed, and price of fingerlings.

Optimasi Budidaya dan Pemasaran Maggot Black Soldier Fly di Kelompok Peternak Labung Raya untuk Bahan Pakan Sumber Protein

The main problem of livestock farming is still providing qualified feed at lower costs. Commercial feed prices are not suitable for traditional farming, thus increasing production costs more. The Labung Raya farmer's group understood that the provision of maggot larvae of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) could meet the protein needs of the livestock, such as poultry and catfish. The problems raised so far were that the growth of maggot produced was not maximized, such as few eggs, small larval body size, maggot coming out of the bucket, and not optimal fermentation of maggot feed. The activity began with a brainstorming event about the negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the community. The implementation of the activities was continued with the method of counselling, training, and continuous mentoring. This community engagement was welcomed by the general community and the Labung Raya breeder group's partners. The practice of cultivating Maggot BSF is straightforward for anyone to do. The cultivation process only requires simple technology and low cost but requires breeding skills for optimal results. Maggot as a product is expected to be used as an alternative protein-rich animal feed ingredient in soaring prices for conventional feed, especially for poultry.

Analysis of the Business Model for Independent Fish Feed Manufacturing Using the Business Model Canvas Approach

One of the main obstacles in fish farming is the problem of feed. Feed absorbs up to 70% of the production cost of fish farming, where most of the feed needs are met from fish feed manufacturers. The price of factory feed currently circulating is still considered high by fish cultivators, especially freshwater fish cultivators. Thin profit margins do not provide adequate incentives for freshwater fish farmers to develop their businesses so as to increase their level of welfare. Therefore, there needs to be an effort from the government to overcome feed problems, especially in terms of providing quality fish feed at affordable prices so that feed is no longer an obstacle in the development of aquaculture, especially freshwater aquaculture. The purpose of this study was to analyze the business model of making fish feed using the canvas method. The method used in this study uses a qualitative approach. Data obtained through research, be it interviews, observations, etc., are reliable, contain honesty, are objective and can be accounted for. This qualitative approach is used as a research procedure that produces descriptions in the form of written words. or verbal from people and observable behavior. The results of this research are very good and have potential for the community.

Pendampingan Kelompok Tani Anugrah Memanfaatkan Eceng Gondok Sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ikan Gurame

Assistance to Anugrah Farmers Group Utilizing Water Hyacinth as a Raw Material for Carp Feed
 Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is not only harmful but also beneficial because it can be used as animal fodder, fish fodder, organic fertilizer, and biogas production and water purification. Water hyacinth like other plants contains protein needed by carp (Osphronemus gouramy Lac). The purpose of this community service activity is to provide assistance to partners in utilizing water hyacinth as a raw material for carp feed. The approach taken is the methods namely planning, training and mentoring. The results of the community service activity show that partners already have knowledge in processing water hyacinth as a raw material for fish feed, which can reduce high production costs. Comparison of the price of commercial animal feed and animal feed made from water hyacinth is 12,000 IDR compared to 6,058 IDR and can accelerate the growth of carp.

Production Efficiency Prediction of Pig Breeding Industry by Optimized LSTM Computer Algorithm under Environmental Regulation

The study aims to improve the economic income of pig breeding industry under environmental regulation and control the environmental pollution caused by pig breeding. Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network combined with environmental regulation is proposed to forecast the price of live pigs, to reduce the cost of environmental pollution control and improve the production efficiency of pig breeding. Primarily, analyses are made on the industrial structure and pollution of pigs in China, and studies are carried out on the inevitability of large-scale and intensive pig breeding. Then, pig breeding and environmental pollution are coordinated under the environmental regulation. From the perspective of green total factor productivity, calculation is made on the profit of pig breeding and the cost of environmental pollution control. Next, the LSTM neural network is used to predict the price of live pigs, thus effectively controlling the scale of pig breeding and making timely decisions that conform to market rules. The results show that with the increase of feed and land prices, the advantages of large-scale pig breeding gradually become prominent, which leads to the small- and medium-sized scale farmers withdrawing from the market. Compared with other similar models, the designed model can better simulate the future trend of hog price, of which the prediction accuracy is over 80%. When combined with environmental regulations, the prediction accuracy of the model for different data sets reaches 83%, so the designed model can better predict the changing trend of the price of live pigs, thus improving the production efficiency of large-scale pig farmers.

Analysis of Risk Coping Strategies Among Catfish Farmers in Ikorodu Division, Lagos State, Nigeria

The aim of this study was to analyse the risk coping strategies among catfish farmers in Ikorodu division of Lagos State, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained from 100 catfish farmers with the aid of a pre-tested questionnaire and focus group discussion using multistage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and multivariate probit regression model were employed for data analysis. Results revealed that majority (68.1%) of the respondent were male with a mean age of 41 years and a mean stock size of 1130. The major sources of risks in the study area were fluctuation in price (89.4%), cost and quality of feed (79.8%), high cost of labour (76.6%), quality of fingerling (75.6%), bird invasion (75.6%) among others. Reduced volume of stock (87.2%), treated pond before stocking (77.7%), purchased good feed quality (74.5%), and used personal savings (72.3%) were the major coping strategies adopted by the farmers in the study area. The estimate of the multivariate probit regression model revealed that sex, age, education, household size, catfish experience, start-up capital, farming status, membership of cooperative association and access to loan were the factors determining the adoption of risk coping strategies in the study area. Therefore, government, both at the federal and state level should intensify efforts at implementing the various agricultural support programs such as anchor borrowers, poverty alleviation fund and other subsidy programs that can help the farmers expand their capital base and better cope with risk in the study area.

Experimental characteristics and optimization of friction stir welded AA5052-AA6061 using RSM technique

Friction stir welding is a method that is normally used for aluminum alloys and is suitable for alloys which can be sensitive to heating during the welding manner. This mission used reaction floor technique to optimize manner parameters for friction stir welding of numerous aluminum alloys (Al 6061 and Al 5052). The effect of procedure parameters like rotational velocity, traverse velocity, and tilt angle on tensile energy and hardness has been studied. So as to improve productivity and weld excellent, optimized welding situations for max tensile strength and hardness have been predicted. The usage of layout professional software program, distinct aluminum plates have been welded by various parameters along with rotational pace, welding pace, and tilt perspective primarily based on RSM. The effects show that increasing the fee of RPM, feed fee, and device tilt attitude increases ultimate tensile electricity up to a certain point, after which it begins to lower. Joint energy is also exact at better tensile strength at 1100 rpm, 1–1.50 tool tilt attitude, and a minimum feed price of 28–30 mm/min.

Histomorphometry of the Duodenum of Ducks (Anas platyrhyncos) after Administration of Nanochitosan in Feed

Poultry farming business has several problems such as lack of availability on raw materials, expensive feed prices, and egg production that is not optimal. To overcome the problem of high feed prices and duck productivity, we need to add feed additives such as nanochitosan. Poultry farming business has several problems such as lack of availability on raw materials, expensive feed prices, and egg production that is not optimal. To overcome the problem of high feed prices and duck productivity, we need to add feed additives such as nanochitosan. This study aimed to analyze the effect of nanochithosan feed on the digestive function of the intestine tenue (duodenum) as indicated by histomorphometric changes in the duodenum of Tegal ducks (Anas platyrhyncos). Duodenal histomorphometry related to digestive function was measured, including changes in lumen diameter, villi height, epithelial cell thickness, and muscular layer thickness. This study used a completely randomized design consisting 5 treatments with 5 replications. The research treatments included P0 as control (basic feed without nanochitosan particle additives) and P1, P2, P3, and P4 (basic feed with the addition of nanochitosanwith the doses of 2.5; 5; 7.5; and 10 grams/kg feed respectively). The variables observed were lumen diameter, villi height, epithelial layer thickness, and duodenal muscle layer thickness. The research data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the addition of nanochitosan particles in the feed had a significant effect on the lumen diameter and thickness of the duodenal muscular layer (P0.05). Tegal ducks. The conclusion of this study is that nanochitosan feed additives with a concentration of 2.5-10% can improve digestive function and improve duodenal histomorphometry in the intestine tenue of Tegal ducks as indicated by an increase in lumen diameter, villi height, and the thickness of epithelial cell thickening, and muscular layer. The novelty from this study is the production and the used of nanochitosan as feed additive to repair histomorphometry of duodenum in intestine tenue of Tegal ducks. From this research, people gets benefit by knowing the use nanochitosan as feed additive to improve digestion performance and productivity of Tegal ducks.

Forage conservation in sub‐Saharan Africa: Review of experiences, challenges, and opportunities

AbstractForage conservation is an important potential solution to seasonal variation in feed quality and quantity and herder‐farmer conflicts in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Considerable variations exist in the type of forages conserved and the preservation methods across SSA. Hay from cultivated forages is commonly made with mechanical mowers and balers by large‐scale commercial farms. In contrast, smallholder farmers, who dominate farming on the continent, make hay from natural pastures and straw from crop residues or stockpiled forage. Mechanized harvesting and storing of silage are also practiced by commercial farmers in various countries including South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya. Smallholder farmers rarely make silage, despite repeated recommendations about its potential to bridge the dry season feed gap. This is due to the limited resources, knowledge, and skills. Hay and silage produced by smallholders is typically poor in quality due to use of lower quality forages, improper storage methods, and lack of an economic incentive because feed prices do not reflect quality in most regions. This paper discusses the status of forage conservation across SSA and recommends strategic interventions and technologies to improve the quantity, quality, safety, pricing, and utilization of preserved forages in SSA. Key deductions include the need to raise awareness about their role in bridging the feed gap, to build capacity and invest in appropriate technology, to optimize their production and use, to develop mechanisms to relate prices to quality, and to incentivize women and youth and the private sector to engage further in making and selling preserved forages.

Strategi Pemasaran Pakan Ikan Di Sumatera Utara

This study aims to (1) determine the feed marketing channel system carried out by the company to consumers (2) to determine the development of feed marketing during the last five years obtained by the company PT. Suri Tani Perdana (3) To determine the factors that affect feed in the company PT. Suri Tani Perdana. The form of this research is descriptive quantitative research using secondary data. Namely time series data (time series) with the method of observation (survey) directly to the company PT. Suri Tani Perdana. The analysis used is analysis using verbalistic and graphic methods, time series trend analysis using the ordinary least square (OLS) method. The quantitative analysis used is by observing the secondary data of the company PT STP (Persero), using simple linear regression analysis. The reason is to see the relationship between feed prices and marketing of feed products.

Economy coefficient and costs of raw milk production depending on the price of animal feed

Food costs are the highest costs in milk production so they need to be minimized. In large dairy farms, the total share of food in the cost structure ranges from 50-60%, while in small farms it is above 60%. By producing one's own voluminous food, the sustainable needs of animals and lower milk production can be met, while higher milk production requires the use of concentrated nutrients produced on one's own farm (corn, cereals). The purchase of ready-mixed feeds should be avoided because it is economically unjustified. Poorer quality and inadequate quantities (more or less than technological needs) in the diet of dairy cows have a direct effect on the amount of milk produced, and thus on income. The production of own fodder and its use greatly reduces the cost of milk because the internal factors of the farm's business determine the success of the business more than the selling price. The cost of food in the total cost of milk production participates from 44.50% in small farms that have a grazing system in the feeding, to 56.71% in Holstein cows in 2021. The share of concentrate in the total cost of feeding is from 55.80% in Holstein cows in 2020 to 71.23% in small farms with a grazing system in the feeding. The costs of production of corn silage in the feeding ratio in 2020. yaer amounted 0.0514 BAM / kg, and in the feeding ratio in 2021. Year 0.0433 BAM / kg. The price of concentrate in the feeding ratio in 2020. Year was 0.55 BAM / kg, and in 2021. Year 0.72 BAM / kg (1 BAM = 0,511 €) (1 BAM = 0, 59 $) The coefficient of economy is from 1.4920 in farms with up to 10 Simmental cows, to 1.8214 in larger Holstein cow farms.

Economy coefficient and costs of raw milk production depending on the price of animal feed

Economy coefficient and costs of raw milk production depending on the price of animal feed

Improving the Quality of Broiler Duck Carcasses with the Addition of Meniran Plan (Phylanthus niruri L.) Extract as a Feed Additive

The purpose of this research was to determine the improvement of the carcass quality of broiler ducks with the addition of meniran extract as a feed additive. This is based on the fluctuating price of feed 70 – 80% is part of the operational costs and the prohibition on the use of antibiotics requires alternative feed additives that are safe for human consumption. This research was carried out in Juni – August 2021 in Dayu Village, Nglegok District Blitar Regency. The method used is experimental with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The design used is Completely Randomized Design. The result showed that giving meniran extract as a feed additive could improve the carcass quality of broiler duck including carcass weight and carcass percentage and dit not have a significant effect on slaughter weight. It is recommended to use meniran plan extract level 3% to improve the carcass quality of broiler ducks.

Effect of Fish Meal Substitution with Sea Worm Flour (Nereis sp.) in Diet on Growth and Survival Rate of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Post Larvae

Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the fishery commodity that has high economic value. One of the obstacles faced by cultivators is the high price of feed which reaches half of the production cost. This is due to the high cost of fish meal which is the main raw material for making fish feed or shrimp feed. Therefore, fish meal was substituted with raw materials that have almost the same or higher nutritional content, more affordable prices and abundant presence, namely sea worm flour (Nereis sp.). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of substitution of fish meal with marine worm meal (Nereis sp.) in diet on the growth and survival rate of pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) and to examine the best do se. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment tested was the substitution of fish meal with sea worm flour (Nereis sp.) in the diet with different doses including treatment A (0% flour Nereis sp.), B (25% flour Nereis sp.), C (30% flour Nereis sp.) and D (35% flour Nereis sp.). The test animals used were pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) post larvae 15. Shrimp were reared in a container with a size of (43x30x25) cm with 6 liters volume of water. Shrimp were reared for 42 days with a stocking density of 30 fish/container. The results showed that the substitution of fish meal with sea worm meal (Nereis sp.) in the diet had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth and survival rate of PL15 pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei). The highest values for total feed consumption, relative growth rate, feed utilization efficiency, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and SR were found in treatment C (30% Nereis sp. flour) with successive values of 80,61 g, 3,84 %/day, 72,01%, 1,39%, 1,67% and 100,00%. The water quality in the rearing media during the rearing period was still in the right range for cultivating vaname shrimp (R. canadum) post larvae . Based on these results, it can be concluded that the best treatment is treatment C which produces the highest growth and survival rate of pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) post larvae.

AN ANALYSIS OF MARKETING EFFICIENCY OF BEEF CATTLE BREEDERS PERCUT SEI TUAN DISTRICT, DELI SERDANG REGENCY, NORTH SUMATERA

The livestock business is a business consisting of fattening and breeding. Cows are one of the food producers that have a lot of value and nutrition. The high economic value is in line with the increase in population, and the need for food consumption in Indonesia continues to increase every year. Therefore, we must be able to cope with the increasing demand for meat. One of these needs is raising cattle or animal feed and understanding the livestock supply chain as seen from the decline in livestock and feed prices in the market. Knowledge of supply chain flow and beef cattle marketing efficiency is an alternative solution to ongoing problems. The research location is in Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, considering that Percut Sei Tuan District is one of the sub-districts that runs a beef cattle business. This study aims to see how the efficiency of beef cattle marketing. The method used is measuring marketing efficiency and looking at the farmer's share in the beef cattle supply chain. From the study results, it was found that the marketing efficiency analysis of each of the beef cattle supply chain actors in this study has reached a high level of efficiency starting from suppliers, farmer groups and retailers.

HARGA DAN ESTIMASI NILAI EKONOMIS PAKAN CAIR YANG MENGANDUNG PERSENTASE BIJI ASAM BERBEDA

One of the conventional feed ingredients commonly used as pig feed to reduce ration prices is tamarind seeds. However, tamarind seeds have a hard seed coat texture, therefore liquid feed is fermented by formulating it with other feed ingredients, in order to know whether the liquid feed has economic value or not. The purpose of this research is to examine the price of liquid feed containing different percentages of tamarind seeds and estimate their economic value in the form of total consumption costs and feed cost per gain. The research was using yellow corn, rice bran, soybean meal, meat and bone meal, whole tamarind seeds, and aquades. Liquid feed is formulated according to the needs of the grower phase of pigs. The research treatments were R0: Fermented liquid feed (FLF) containing 0% tamarind seeds, R10: FLF containing 10% tamarind seeds, R20: FLF containing 20% ​​tamarind seeds, and R30: FLF containing 30% tamarind seeds. The variables studied were the price of liquid feed (Rp/kg), total consumption cost (Rp/kg/e), and feed cost per gain (Rp). The data were analyzed descriptively according to the research variables. The results showed that the price of liquid feed, the total cost of consumption, and the cost of the R30 treatment feed were Rp. 6868/kg, Rp. 12,579,711/kg/e, and Rp. 18,177 lower or more economical than treatment R0, R10, and R20. It was concluded that the presentation of the use of tamarind seeds in liquid feed at a level of 30% was more profitable.

The butterfly effect in the price of agricultural products: A multidimensional spatial-temporal association mining

With the advent of the era of big data, data mining methods show their powerful information mining ability in various fields, seeking the association information hidden in the data, which is convenient for people to make scientific decisions. This paper analyses the butterfly effect in the agricultural product industry chain from the perspective of producer and consumer by using multidimensional time and space theory and proposes a new price forecasting method. We consider that the price change of agricultural products is not only affected by the balance of market supply and demand but also by the factors of time and space. Taking the pig industry chain of Sichuan Province as an example, this paper explores and excavates the data from 2010 to 2020 in the time dimension. Interestingly, we found that the price changes in pork in the market are generally highly correlated with the prices of slaughtered pigs, piglets a few weeks ago and the prices of multiple feed a few months ago. Based on the precise time-space factors, we improved the price forecasting model, greatly improved the accuracy of price prediction, and proved the effectiveness of multidimensional spatiotemporal association mining. The research in this paper is helpful to establish a brand-new agricultural product price prediction theory, which is of great significance to the development of the agricultural economy and global poverty alleviation.

An integrated life cycle multi-objective optimization model for health-environment-economic nexus in food waste management sector

Food waste is a universal problem in many countries. In line with Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 12, it is crucial to identify a cost-effective food waste valorization management framework with the least human health and environmental impacts. However, studies on the synergistic effect of life cycle assessment and mathematical optimization interconnected with human health, environment, and economic are relatively few and far between; hence they cannot provide holistic recommendations to policymakers in developing environmental and economic feasibility of food waste management frameworks. Taking Malaysia as a case study, this study proposes a simple and deterministic model that integrates life cycle assessment and multi-objective mathematical optimization to unpack the health-environment-economic wellbeing nexus in food waste management sector. The model evaluates the life cycle human health, environmental, and economic impacts of five food waste disposal and valorization technologies: open landfill, sanitary landfill, aerated windrow composting, high-temperature drying sterilization, and anaerobic digestion, and identifies the optimal food waste valorization configuration solution in Malaysia. Based on the results modeled by SimaPro 9.0 and General Algebraic Modeling System with augmented ε-constraint, valorization of food waste into electricity via anaerobic digestion is the most favorable option, with 146% and 161% reduction of human health and ecosystems, respectively, as compared with open landfill. If cost is combined as an objective function with human health and ecosystems, high-temperature drying sterilization is the most attractive scenario due to the high livestock feed revenue. Among the 10 Pareto-optimal solutions, 9% sanitary landfill, 3% aerated windrow composting, 30% high-temperature drying sterilization, 30% anaerobic digestion to electricity, and 28% anaerobic digestion to cooking gas, is recommended as future food waste management configuration. The sensitivity results demonstrate that prices of electricity, cooking gas, and livestock feed affect the optimal configuration food waste management system.

Stochastic frontier model for profit efficiency of beef cattle farming during the covid 19 pandemic in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatera Province

Study aimed to estimate profit efficiency and determine factors affecting the profit efficiency of beef cattle farming in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatera Province. A survey was conducted in West Pasaman regency at October 2020. Respondents consisting of 60 beef cattle farmers were questioned using structural questionnaires. Stochastic Frontier Analysis was used to estimate profit efficiency and factors influencing profit efficiency of beef farm in West Pasaman Regency. Important factors affecting the profit efficiency of beef cattle farming business in West Pasaman Regency were feed price, cost of veterinary medicine, fixed cost, labor cost and number of cattle affecting significant to beef cattle farming profit. The average level of profit efficiency was 39, 4%. Considering the importance of profit efficiency beef cattle farming there is a need for improving level of farmer’s education and experience in beef cattle farming, but farmers should be of productive age.

Growth performances and digestability in Pekin ducks fed on a diet containing fermented agro-industrial by-products

Poultry industries in Indonesia develop rapidly in line with the increasing demand for poultry meat and eggs. However, fluctuations in availability and the high price of commercial feed bring about a serious problem for traditional farmers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding a diet containing a fermented mixture of water hyacinth leaves (Eichornia crassipes), rice bran, and blood (WRPS) on the production performance and nutrient digestibility of Pekin ducks. This research was conducted for 6 weeks using 100 Pekin ducks (unsex) aged 2 weeks. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications. The dietary treatments were T0 (control), T1 (30% WRPS), T2 (40% WRPS), and T3 (50% WRPS). At the end of the feeding trial, one duck from each replicate was put in a metabolic cage for digestibility study, adopting the total collection method. Incorporating WRPS in the diet brought significant differences (p<0.05) in feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, and digestibility. It can be concluded that the fermented mixture of water hyacinth leaves, rice bran, and protein of slaughtered waste as much as 30% can be used in the diet of Pekin ducks.