Price Of Energy Resources Research Articles

Welfare Level of Population in the Context of Prices Evolution in the Republic of Moldova

Recent evolutions in the prices of energy resources and consumer goods have caused major pressures on household incomes. Thus, the share of expenses for food products and the payment of bills for consumed energy resources constitute more than half of the families’ budget in the Republic of Moldova. The real expenses for the mentioned goods and services would have been substantially higher if the state institutions had not intervened in the support of the population by: capping the commercial addition to socially important products, establishing reduced rates of Value Added Tax, granting compensations when paying invoices for the use natural gas, electric and thermal energy. Through this policy, the state aims to minimize the impact of inflation on real incomes and, respectively, on the purchasing power and the level of well-being of the population.

Application of microcosms models for ecologically based selection of biofuel crops

One of the possible ways to solve the problem of shortage and rise in price of energy resources can be the development of the biofuel industry in Ukraine, the basis of which is the scientifically reasoned selection of plants (resistant to regional pollutants), taking into account the specifics of the regions. The article summarizes scientific data on the peculiarities of germination of some energy crops, considers the possibility of using microcosms for the reasoned selection of biofuel crops. The study was carried out in microcosmic models, seed germination and biometric parameters of seedlings Brassica napus L. and Zea mays L. were studied. Based on the application of the method of microcosmic models, the resistance of B. napus to lead acetate and sensitivity to the fungicide «Raxil ultra» were proven. To protect rapeseed from pests, systemic preparations with the active ingredients dimethoate, gamma-cyhalothrin, alphacypermethrin, thiamethoxam, fludioxanil, metalaxyl, imidocloprid, etc., are used. The insecticide is used for seed treatment before sowing (in combination with a fungicide), as well as for the treatment of crops when the economic threshold of harmfulness is reached. It was found that pre-sowing treatment of rapeseed should be carried out with lower concentrations of fungicide compared to Z. mays seeds. It was found that the Galitsky variety is characterized by the highest laboratory germination of seeds and the best morpho-physiological parameters of seedlings. It was found that the fungicide «Raksil ultra» in high concentration inhibits seed germination (at the late stages of germination), stem growth, cheese and dry biomass of corn seedlings, at a low concentration an increase in the dry weight of the aerial part was detected. Laboratory germination of rapeseed was inhibited at all stages of germination. None of the studied concentrations of the fungicide affect the raw and dry biomass of rapeseed seedlings, all the studied concentrations of the fungicide inhibit the root growth of rapeseed seedlings, and the largest inhibit the growth of the stem.

Strategic risk management in conditions of unpredictability: the experience of Ukraine

The change in the concept of risk management following the current state of the economy of Ukraine is considered. Economic and socio-political factors that lead to crises are analyzed. It is proposed to constantly monitor and analyze risks, which is an essential and timely mechanism of anti-crisis management. The complex and protracted nature of the enterprise's risk system requires appropriate tools for their identification and assessment, which considers the need to review the strategic directions of diagnosis and analysis of relevant information for management decision-making. Particularly relevant in our publication is the development of approaches to the comprehensive assessment of the risks of the existence and effective operation of enterprises that are adequate to modern socio-economic requirements. The main risk assessment methods were analyzed, and the expediency of their use in the activities of enterprises was determined. An analysis of existing risks was carried out, among which the following were highlighted: market risks, risks of an unstable situation in the country, a change in the competitive environment, force majeure situations at the enterprise, and an increase in prices for energy resources. Methods of enterprise risk management to minimize or neutralize their negative impact, actions, and measures that make it possible to prevent the impact of risks on enterprise activity are proposed. Proposals for enterprises are focused on a thorough study of regional conflicts with their projection on the global level, the increase in the number and significance of pandemics, wars, and environmental and resource crises, which carry the irreversible nature of changes. It is noted that the enterprise in today's conditions of instability is offered to develop a set of strategic measures and principles that must be followed for production and economic activity to be effective. These measures are recommended for implementation in the company's strategy, which will optimize the structure and management process and contribute to the growth of the value of organizations. Keywords: risk, strategic risk management, risk classification, risk assessment methods, methods of risk neutralization, standards, recovery, economic growth.

ВПЛИВ ЦІНИ ПАЛЬНОГО НА СОБІВАРТІСТЬ ВИКОНАННЯ ПОЛЬОВИХ РОБІТ АГРАРНИМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ: АНАЛІЗ ТА СТРАТЕГІЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ

As a result of the conducted research involving a wide range of agricultural machines with different numbers of bodies and, corresponding in terms of power, energy means of Soviet and foreign production, dependencies were obtained and the degree of influence of the cost of fuel on the total cost of cultivation of one hectare of field was determined. A comparison and analysis of the degree of change in the cost of agricultural work at the price of diesel fuel at the level of UAH 40/l and at the level of UAH 60/l was carried out, which showed that differences in the cost of processing between different machine units with an increase in the price of fuel become more noticeable, if their specific fuel consumption is not the same. At a fuel price of UAH 40/l, the discrepancy between MU 1 (YUMZ-6AKL + Europal 5 Lemken) and MU 5 (K-700A + Europal 9 Lemken) is 32%, and at a fuel price of UAH 60/l, this discrepancy increases to 43 %. Also, in this work, the main ways of optimizing the increased cost of field work, as a result of the increase in the price of fuel, were given and analyzed. From the above methods, an optimization method was chosen and studied in detail, the essence of which is to replace energy vehicles in the company's rolling stock from less energy-efficient models, mainly Soviet ones, to more energyefficient ones, mainly European and American ones. Cost optimization for the five upgraded machine units to be considered was in the range of 4.8 - 8.5%, and on average it was 6.5%. Under the condition of using the same agricultural machines and other parameters of the surrounding environment remaining unchanged, studies were conducted, as a result of which it was determined that due to the lower specific fuel consumption of foreign tractors, the degree of influence of fuel price changes on the total cost of agricultural work for them is significantly lower, and therefore an increase in the price of energy resources does not have such a strong impact on the profitability of an agricultural enterprise, whose fleet of energy equipment consists, for the most part, of foreign models, compared to an agricultural enterprise, whose fleet of energy equipment, for the most part, consists of Soviet and post-Soviet models. However, taking into account the importance of other optimization strategies, their implementation in combination with the replacement of less energy-efficient models of energy means will allow to achieve even more significant results in reducing the cost of field work in agriculture.

The Influence of Addition of Fly Ash from Astana Heat and Power Plants on the Properties of the Polystyrene Concrete

Due to the constant increase in prices for energy resources, as well as the reduction in non-renewable resources in most developed countries of the world, the energy consumption standards of buildings are constantly decreasing, and the requirements for the level of thermal insulation of building envelopes are increasing. The increasing requirements in the level of thermal insulation of enclosing structures make the issues of improving and developing new materials and products become more urgent. Polystyrene concrete has good high-thermal and sound-absorbing properties. This serves as a means of reducing costs, improving thermal insulation, reducing the dead load (weight) on the building and outside, among many other advantages. However, concrete made with polystyrene foam as a substitute for large aggregates has insufficient strength, due to the fact that the cement has low adhesion to the polystyrene foam. Based on the research of scientists and authors on the possibility of using industrial waste, it was assumed that the addition of fly ash to the composition would strengthen the matrix and the degree of compression of the polymers by the cement matrix as a result of the presence of nanoparticles in the fly ash and their positive effect on the structure and properties of the composition. The aim of the study was to develop a heat-insulating polystyrene concrete based on a binder using fly ash and to investigate its physical and technical properties. The properties of fly ash have been studied for the purpose of safe use in mixtures to increase strength properties and improve adhesion to polymers. The involvement of industrial waste from the ashes of coal from Kazakhstani deposits will contribute to the ecological improvement of the environment of the megacities of Kazakhstan. The effect obtained from the optimal combination of the characteristics for a building material is the improved physical and mechanical properties of heat-insulating materials.

Assessing the effectiveness of the implications of selected social policy instruments in the management of the electromobility development process in Poland

Purpose: The aim of the article is to try to answer the question which of the social policy instruments can convince the society to adopt transport solutions based on the concept of electromobility to the greatest extent. Design/methodology/approach: The considerations are social research, a research experiment in the form of a method (CAWI) was used, which was used to verify the role of selected instruments in the process of the announced transformation of social mobility. In the research area, the focus was on the assessment of possible changes in shopping preferences and transport mobility in terms of selected social policy instruments. Economic, legal and informational instruments were analysed. Findings: The author indicates that the process of managing the development of electromobility should be implemented with the help of properly selected social policy instruments and go hand in hand with the changes taking place within an increasingly aware society. Research limitations/implications: The presented survey research was carried out on a specific research sample of approximately 1,000 respondents. Certainly, in the near future there will be a need for much broader analyzes and research, in particular with regard to changes in the income of citizens, planned reforms of social programs and projected increases in the prices of energy resources. Practical implications: The research results are the first approach to indicate to the government administration which social policy tools have the greatest impact on the process of managing the development of electromobility in Poland. Social implications: Research shows that there are links between economic, social and environmental issues in the management of the electromobility development process in Poland. Originality/value: The experimental research approach may be helpful in assessing the effectiveness of the implications of selected social policy instruments in the management of the electromobility development process in Poland. Keywords: management, instruments, social policy, electromobility, development, market research. Category of the paper: Research paper.

THE INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIONS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CROP INDUSTRY

One of the leading industries is crop production. It is the main source for the production of vital products, as well as the raw material base for their production. The amount of production depends proportionally on the development of this industry. Thus, production volumes should fully meet the needs of the population. For the effective development of the field of crop production at this stage, it is necessary to constantly improve the existing and introduce new technologies for the production of agricultural products; fundamentally change economic relations between producers and consumers of science-intensive products; form an innovative state policy aimed at an innovative way of developing the country’s agrarian economy. Modern agricultural enterprises work completely differently than those of a few decades ago, primarily due to advances in technology, including sensors, devices, machines and information technologies. In the conditions of the constant increase in the price of energy resources and raw materials for the production of mineral fertilizers, the presence of a shortage of organic fertilizers, the reduction of areas suitable for growing agricultural crops, due to the strengthening of erosion processes and desertification caused by global warming, the problem of finding the most effective ways of managing profitability and reducing the cost of living is becoming urgent agricultural products. One of the ways of its successful solution is the introduction of innovative technologies in the field of land use. Digitization is turning agriculture into a high-tech sector of the economy, processing massive amounts of big data coming from numerous sensors installed in the field, on the farm, agricultural machinery, from weather stations, satellites and other systems. These advanced devices, precision farming, new technologies and robotic systems enable businesses to be more profitable, more efficient, safer and more environmentally friendly. The use of innovations in agriculture ensures an increase in labor productivity, a decrease in the cost price and an increase in the quality and competitiveness of products, contributes to solving the problem of food security in the country and increasing the sustainability of agricultural enterprises.

EXPERIMENTAL STAND FOR THE STUDY OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF DOMESTIC CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR PARALLEL AND SERIES CONNECTION

In conditions of constant growth of deficit and prices for energy resources (water, energy), more and more attention of consumers is paid to energy efficiency (efficiency) of pumping equipment. Many years of practice show that when designing even simple pumping units for any purpose, there are difficulties in choosing the necessary pumping equipment with energy-efficient modes. An important point in the study of energy-efficient modes of operation and construction of energy characteristics of household centrifugal pumps such as BCN is to conduct experimental studies. The aim of this work is to create an experimental stand with closed fluid circulation, throttle control of pump performance with the possibility of their parallel and series connection to determine energy-efficient modes of power consumption. The theoretical and experimental component of determining the energy efficiency modes of power consumption was carried out through the development and creation of an experimental stand for the study of operating modes and construction of energy characteristics of household centrifugal pumps type BCN. Control and measuring devices and methods of parametric tests of centrifugal pumps to determine the loss of power consumption in each mode, provided the necessary accuracy of the physical experiment.

Глобальные тренды и целевые индикаторы экономического развития промышленных комплексов газодобычи в Арктике

The current stage of development of the world energy sector is characterized by high turbulence and dynamism of changes. The volatility of demand and prices for energy resources, increased competition in the global market, the evolution of the energy balance, the decrease in the role of traditional hydrocarbons and the progressive development of technological innovations significantly affect the efficiency of the implementation of the Russian gas complex in the Arctic. However, in addition to economic benefits, large-scale production of natural gas in the Arctic encompasses a wide range of issues: ensuring domestic needs for hydrocarbons and stable exports, minimizing environmental damage, organizing complex science-intensive industries and loading industrial capacities, developing transport and social infrastructure, creating new high- tech work places. In these conditions, long-term prospects and assessment of the development efficiency of complex industrial gas production complexes are determined taking into account environmental, economic, technological and social aspects. The analysis of the factors of instability of the world energy system and their influence on the efficiency of the development of gas fields in the Arctic zone was carried out. Target guidelines for the development of the Russian gas industry have been formulated in the context of national interests and priorities of socio-economic development and environmental safety. Indicators of economic development of industrial gas production complexes are proposed, takinging to account trends in the global energy market and the specifics of field development in the Arctic.

General Determinants and Directions of Development for the Utilisation of Renewable Energy Sources in the West Pomerania Province

Purpose: The depletion of conventional energy sources with a constantly growing energy demand requires a new approach to our energy policy and in a wider approach, a new social and economical development policy. The article presents the determinants and directions of development of utilisation of renewable energy sources in the West Pomerania province. Approach/Methodology/Design: The study was based on secondary data, i.e., quantitative data available for the renewable energy sector in Poland and West Pomerania province and the analysis of available literature. The theoretical issues were determined based on the analysis of available literature on the regional development and renewable energy. The research methods used in the study included a critical analysis of the literature, comparative analysis and secondary data analysis. Findings: There is a growing interest in renewable energy source due to increasing environmental pollution, depletion of conventional energy sources, regular increase in prices of energy resources and constantly increasing energy demand. A new, competitive regional economy can be formed with the energy obtained from the renewable sources. Practical Implications: The analysis and evaluation carried out in the article shows that a key factor affecting the development of this sector is an active participation of the local government and resources provided by the European funds. The results can be used to develop a long-term strategy on the development of the renewable energy sources including the programs to counteract the negative effects of utilisation of conventional energy sources. Originality/Value: The proposed solutions are to contribute to the development of renewable energy in the studied area.

Начало эры Путина (2000–2008)

Received 21.08.2020. The author of the article believes the beginning of the “Putin’s era” – the first two terms of his presidency (2000–2008) – to be generally successful for Russia. In eight years, the bases of the state shaken in the 1990s were strengthened, the threat of an intensive political struggle, which, however, lost much of its outdoor competitive nature, decreased, the economy became stronger, the living conditions of the population improved, the activity and influence of Russia in international affairs increased. This was largely due to the favorable global economic environment for Russia and, above all, high prices for energy resources, which were the main item of Russian exports. No less obvious were the personal achievements of President Putin, who managed to consolidate the unbalanced state, put an end to the pressure of oligarchs on authorities, restore the Kremlin’s control over regional elites, and extinguish hotbeds of separatism in Russia. He has built the very “vertical of power” for which his political opponents, both inside the country and abroad, will consistently criticize him. Having inherited Boris Yeltsin’s policy of developing cooperation with the West, Vladimir Putin at first continued to follow this path, but gradually became disillusioned with the sincerity of Western partners towards Russia. He was most concerned about the eastward expansion of NATO’s military infrastructure, its approach to Russian borders, and the West’s general reluctance to consider Russian interests. Putin openly expressed the accumulated claims against the United States and NATO in February 2007 at the Munich Security Conference. 2007 was a turning point in Putin’s foreign policy towards the West. Since then, the focus has been shifted to protecting Russia’s national interests. Within the country, for eight years, Putin had failed to create a modern, self-regulating and multi-level system of government. The destructive chaos of the 1990s was replaced by centralized “manual control” from the Kremlin, but it also worked with constant failures. The state apparatus, especially at the regional level, did not work effectively enough, and regional authorities often did not follow the orders of the President. The lessons of the first stage of the Putin’s era were: the reasonably required consolidation of the state, building the “vertical of power” often occurred at the expense of the civil society’s interests, the interests of consolidating and expanding democracy in Russia.

АНАЛИЗ СТРУКТУРЫ ЭКСПОРТА И ИМПОРТА АЛЖИРА

In the context of the trends of integration and internationalization characteristic of the world economy, it seems natural to be interested in assessing the role and nature of the participation of individual countries in world trade. With the reduction of barriers to trade, the expansion of the totality of integration associations (including global ones, the WTO format), participation in world trade as a factor of economic growth plays an increasingly important role for developed and developing countries. An important feature of the participation of countries in world trade is the formed structure of exports and imports, reflecting the state of competitiveness of the national economy, the nature of participation in the world market and, in some cases, the chosen model of economic growth. Historically, the formation of the sectoral and commodity structure of Algeria's exports was influenced by factors that were not fully favorable for the country. During the period of colonial management of the Algerian economy by France (until the 1960s), the export structure was mainly represented by agricultural products entering the French market. Subsequently, hydrocarbons dominate the export structure. The current state of export-import relations is being influenced by negative factors in the form of a decrease in world prices for energy resources (the main commodity exported by the country), stagnation in the target markets of the country's foreign economic activity (EU). At the same time, for Algeria, the stability of economic development, as well as the level of development of public finances, largely depends on the stability of energy supplies. For this reason, there is some interest in both the impact on the state of the country's foreign trade activity of the consequences of the deterioration of the macroeconomic conjuncture of the energy market, and the likely changes in the structure of Algeria's export-import relations, which could reduce dependence on the state of the energy market.

Structural transformations of Russian economy in the conditions of accelerated digitalization of industrial relations

The goal of this research is to determine the consequences of accelerated digitalization of industrial relations in the context of structural transformation of Russian economy, as well as substantiate the need and the possibility for structural changes namely in the current period of time. The object of this research is the current and exhausted raw mineral export model of the Russian economy, which requires immediate modification. The subject of this research consists in the study of the impact of current external shocks (abrupt drop in the price of energy resources) upon the changes in the structure of Russian economy (in the sectoral and component views). The structural reform of the Russian economy, which started back in the Soviet period, could not be fully implemented via evolutionary path.  Same as all world’s economies, the Russian economy is currently functioning in a state of uncertainty and under influence of external shocks. In the authors’ opinion, these external shocks presently force the accelerated digitalization of industrial relations, which can produce powerful structural transformations of economy, it the government will provide support for corresponding projects.

Obstacles to the development of the agricultural sector of economics and ways to overcome them

The article discusses the factors and problems that have a negative impact on the indicators of economic efficiency of the industry and, thus, hinder the sustainable development of rural areas, and also suggests a number of measures to overcome them. The methods of statistical data analysis and the method of aligning time series are used in the work. Large-scale production, on the one hand, entails an increase in labor productivity, and, on the other hand, generates rural unemployment. It was revealed that high-tech methods of agricultural production lead to an increase in the cost of manufactured products, both in a steady increase in prices for energy resources and concentrated feed, which increases the level of risks in the agricultural business. In addition, non-observance of the norms of crop rotation of sunflower crops on the same land plots entails damage to soil fertility. Such a strategic planning system is needed as part of the legal framework of public administration, which would create the conditions for the formation of healthy competition of manufactured products not only domestically, but also on the world market.

АНАЛИЗ ИМПОРТА И ЭКСПОРТА АЛЖИРА

The article analyzes the dynamics and structure of the export-import relations of Algeria. The characteristics of the Algerian economy in the overwhelming majority of sources are consistently associated with the development of the country's energy sector, as well as the relatively low level of development of the socio-economic sphere. In the economy of Algeria, there are clearly marked trends of urbanization, an increase in the quality of life. An important role in this is played by the country's participation in the world export of hydrocarbons. At the turn of the 2000s, like a number of other North African countries, Algeria showed a clear readiness to integrate into the European economy, participate in large infrastructure projects (including the ambitious energy project DESERTEC, in which many EU companies were involved), there was an increase in business activity inside countries and the inflow of foreign investment, increased activity in the country of TNCs. All this taken together allowed researchers to predict in the 21st century. possible "African renaissance". However, the global crisis of 2008 and the subsequent crisis of world energy prices in 2014, the threat of the development in Algeria of a “color revolution” based on the model of neighboring countries of the region forced researchers to reconsider the forecasts for the development of the Algerian economy, revealed structural problems of the Algerian economy, offset by growth energy export revenues. In the context of a significant drop in world prices for energy resources and a slowdown in the growth rates of European economies, the influence of these factors on the state of export-import relations of Algeria, the state's trade balance, and the structure of foreign trade is of interest. The author comes to the conclusion that for Algeria the excessively high dependence of exports on hydrocarbon supplies was the reason for the formation in 2015 of a negative balance of the country's foreign trade for the first time since the early 2000s. The transition of the balance of foreign trade of Algeria to negative states is also influenced by the buildup of the negative balance of foreign trade with the PRC, which over the previous decade became the main trading partner of Algeria.

Покращення функціонування роботи електрогідралічних баштових системи водопостачання на тваринницьких комплексах

. In the national economy for the economy and efficient use of fuel and energy resources, it is important to introduce energy-saving modes of operation of livestock complexes for the rational use of electro-hydraulic tower water supply systems. In the technical sense, the electro-hydraulic tower systems of rural water supply mainly consist of the following elements: water intake structures (more often a hole) distribution network; towers manufactured at the plant (Rozhnovsky tower) as control tanks; simplified automation system for turning on and off the deep pump depending on the water level in the tower. Water tower - a structure in the water supply system for regulating the pressure and flow rate of water in the water supply network, creating its supply and aligning the pump schedule. Therefore, in the context of a constant increase in the deficit and prices for energy resources, more and more attention is being paid to the issues of developing an appropriate energy efficient operating mode for the submerged depths of the pumps and reducing the frequency of their switching on. The purpose of the work is to improve the functioning of the electric hydro-hydraulic tower water supply systems in livestock complexes. Theoretical and experimental studies on improving the functioning of electro-hydraulic tower water supply systems in livestock complexes were carried out on the basis of an analysis of the structure of the cost of electric energy for milk production, changing the operating mode of agricultural processing workshops in the livestock complex. An analysis of energy consumption by livestock industry shows that cattle farms are the main energy consumers in livestock (they account for 46-51.5 % of the total energy consumption in the industry). The share that goes to the primary processing of milk is 4.3 %, to deeper processing, namely the manufacture of cheese another 6%, together 10.3 %. According to the research results, it is proposed to use Vespers and night hours in the electrohydraulic tower water supply systems for livestock complexes in the operating modes of the shops for processing agricultural products. Application of regime technologies of work of agricultural processing enterprises products in livestock complexes reduces the frequency of switching on of submersible pumps by 8.3% and increases the service life of the latter by 5 – 8 %. aligns the pump schedule. Key words: electro-hydraulic tower water supply systems, switching frequency, operating mode, cost structure

СТРАТЕГІЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ СТРУКТУРНИМИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯМИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The article identifies that managing the structural transformations of innovation potential is an important component of the overall enterprise activity management system. Management of innovation potential, as a rule, involves making strategic management decisions on investing the enterprise funds in order to achieve the set goals and is considered as a series of continuous interrelated actions - management functions (planning, organization, motivation and control). Today, there is a constant rise in prices for energy resources, including an increase in material costs, labor costs, deductions for social events and other costs, due to which there is an upward trend in the cost of production (goods, works and services) of industrial energy enterprises.It is concluded that improving the quality of management of structural transformations of the innovative potential of industrial energy enterprises in the process of adaptation of financial and economic development should provide for effective implementation of modern scientific achievements in this field of activity. Thus, in the process of generating a strategy for managing the structural transformation of the innovation potential of enterprises, it is necessary to take into account the qualitative and quantitative indicators characterizing the results of the use of all types of resources. Since strategic management is targeted, it implies setting and achieving certain goals. Being clear, strategic goals are a powerful means of enhancing the long-term use of innovation potential, its coordination and control, as well as the basis for managerial decision-making.

Hotel Energy Application Practices in Abuja Nigeria

The recent increase in prices of energy resources and effects of global warming propelled the growing relevance of improving energy efficiency especially in an energy intensive industry like hotels. This study examines the hotel energy application practices in Abuja Nigeria. The study administered questionnaires to hoteliers in Abuja Nigeria. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive technique. The results indicate hotels in the study area are of divergent physical and operational characteristics implying varying energy consumption and efficiency positions. The respondents aggregated mean ranking on hotel service provision shows all identified services as excellently or very well provided, except for electricity warmed pools which was ranked neutral. Predominantly three types of energy resources were utilized by hotels in the study area which includes grid supplied electricity, diesel and cooking gas respectively. The study recommends the adoption of Demand side management approach to checkmate guest and staff inefficient behaviors’ in addition to regular energy audits and employing renewable resources to straighten the track of the hotel’s energy consumption towards sustainability.

Розвиток енергоменеджменту як основний спосіб підвищення енергоефективності виробничих підприємств

Purpose. The paper purpose is to investigate the role of energy management in improving energy efficiency of enterprises. The main problem is the control at the managerial and operational levels in the industrial enterprises. Design/methodology/approach. Taking into account industry specifics, methodological approaches to energy efficiency management require some adaptation. The expediency of using energy efficiency benchmarking tools with the use of a facet system of classification of objects was grounded, bearing in mind the priority of realization of market and economic potentials. Findings. The level of energy efficiency of production significantly affects the competitiveness of the company, which directly affects the market share occupied in a market economy. However, given the constant increase of prices for energy resources, the influence of the level of energy efficiency on the successful activity of the company increases with each passing year, and the issue of increasing energy efficiency of production becomes of paramount importance. The scientific significance of the paper lies in the study of methods based on the main provisions of energy management. These techniques will allow to analyze and evaluate one or another model of energy efficiency management of an industrial enterprise. Research limitations/implications. The urgency of the topic under study is due to the need to increase the level of energy efficiency at industrial enterprises. The subjects of the study are energy efficiency indicators and the processes of establishing energy management principles at enterprises. Originality / value. The methods based on the main provisions of energy management have been explored. The disadvantages and advantages of the facet and hierarchical system were analyzed. The necessity of introduction of energy management system in mechanical engineering enterprises has been substantiated. The conclusion is grounded on the necessity of introducing energy management systems at the machine-building enterprises. The decision of the managerial problem lies in the consistent application of the system approach to energy management.

G. Chernychenko, C. Mityushkina, Conceptual foundations of the formation of the energy security of countries in the context of globalization.

The processes of interpenetration and interweaving are a sign of a modern global world in which security and stability are of paramount importance. In the new dimension of security, the role of the economic component is intensified, in particular, the issue of energy security is of paramount importance. Recent events at the beginning of the 21st century have clearly demonstrated how global economic stability depends on fluctuations in prices for energy resources. Even for countries with traditional energy exporters and those with the largest reserves, issues of supply instability, electricity supply disruptions, the emergence of new sources and production methods have become topical, which in turn prompts the issue of energy security issues to come to the fore. Accordingly, the study of the conceptual framework for the formation of energy security is expedient and timely. The article is devoted to the study of the conceptual foundations of the formation and definition of energy security. Its place in the structure of national security of the country is determined. The specifics of the definition of energy security for the largest consumers, suppliers, energy companies, countries with different levels of development are singled out. Determined separate indicators for assessing the country's energy security. The indicators, evaluation criteria, risks and threats of the national energy security (external economic, internal economic, intra-industry) are systematized. The paradigm of modern global energy security in the context of sustainable development is determined.