Platelet-rich Fibrin Membrane Research Articles

Platelet Rich Fibrin in the Treatment of Localised Gingival Recession: A Case Report

Root recession presents a matter of aesthetic concern in every dental practice. Also it may illicit sensitivity and is more prone to caries than the covered root surfaces. Platelet- rich fibrin is a second generation platelet concentrate. It is basically autologous leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin biomaterial. The use of PRF in combination with coronally advanced flap in the treatment of gingival recession has shown promising results and is gaining immense popularity among the dental practitioners. This case reports the use of PRF membrane in root coverage on the labial surface of maxillary canine. Keywords: Coronally advanced flap, platelet rich fibrin, gingival recession, growth factors.

Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane to Augment Healing of Microfracture Has Better Macroscopic and Histologic Grades Compared With Microfracture Alone on Chondral Defects in a Rabbit Model

To determine the invivo effectiveness of a single-stage surgical procedure that combines microfracture and an autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane for cartilage repair in a rabbit model. Cartilage defects were created in the trochlear groove of the knees of adult white rabbits. Defects were divided into 2 treatment groups: microfracture only (control group) and microfracture covered by a PRF membrane (PRF group). To evaluate the repair cartilage, assessments were performed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic scoring system and modified Wakitani histologic grading system. The mean ICRS macroscopic scores in the control and PRF groups were 4.1 and 5.8, respectively, at 4 weeks (P= .0623); 6.3 and 9.8, respectively, at 12 weeks (P= .006); and 6.5 and 10.3, respectively, at 24 weeks (P= .010). The mean modified Wakitani scores in the control and PRF groups were 4.0 and 3.9, respectively, at 4 weeks (P > .999); 5.3 and 10.4, respectively, at 12 weeks (P= .006); and 2.6 and 7.4, respectively, at 24 weeks (P= .012). The ICRS macroscopic scores and modified Wakitani scores showed that a single-stage surgical procedure combining microfracture and a PRF membrane was more effective than surgery with only microfracture for promoting cartilage repair. A single-stage surgical procedure combining microfracture and an autologous PRF membrane is a potentially beneficial treatment method for cartilage defects that does not require using any xenocollagen membrane.

Effectiveness of Silicon Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Autologous Bone on Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Calvarian Defects: A Radiological and Histological Study

Repairing bone defects in oral surgery often requires the use of bone regeneration techniques. Silicon is an element that has been employed as regeneration material in several studies. In our study, silicon was combined with autologous bone and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes to analyse the behaviour of this element in bone regeneration. Four circumferential defects were created in the cranial vault of five New Zealand rabbits. The following elements were applied to the regeneration of the defects: (P): PRF; (S): silicon and (B): autologous bone, with the following distribution of study groups: Group 1 (PSB); Group 2 (PS); Group 3 (SB) and Group 4 (CONTROL): unregenerate group. The animals were sacrificed after 3 weeks. Computed microtomography studies (μ-CT) were carried out, as well as histomorphometric ones. The ANOVA statistical test was used with a Bonferroni post-hoc test to compare the results (p ≤ 0.05). Radiologically, groups PSB and SB were better as far as quantity and percentage of healthy bone observed, but not significantly compared to the control group. The PS group was significantly worse. The histological test revealed that the PSB group was the one to present the largest area, percentage and perimeter of mineralised bone. On evaluating the forming bone (osteoid), no difference was observed across the groups with the exception of the bone perimeter, where the SB group was significantly better. The bone height variable showed no significant differences. In conclusion we can state that the combination of PRF, autologous bone and silicon provides good results at 3 weeks whilst the PS group shows the worst results. This highlights the importance of autologous bone forming part of the graft material in order for the bone to mineralise.

Clinical Trial on Solid Second-Generation Platelet-Concentrates in the Management of the Chronic Osteomyelitis: Advanced Bioregenerative Surgeries.

The supposition is that the usage of fibrin rich in leukocytes and platelets advanced (A-PRF) in ulcerative osteomyelitis of the diabetic foot allows rehabilitation from this critical illness. In this investigation, the focus was to normalize the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in patients with osteomyelitis not amputated, to use this second-generation platelet concentrate as a regeneration enabler. The researchers submitted and utilized A-PRF membranes (1300 g × 8 min) in 7 patients (all diabetics) with osteomyelitis and cutaneous injury for 6 months. The membranes, in combination with the supernatant fluid produced by stress, have been integrated into the skin lesion down to the bone after surgical debridement. The advancement of the lesions after some period of time has been analyzed. All 7 subjects had a probe-to-bone positive assay; magnetic resonance imaging indicated cortico-periosteal coagulation and/or foci of cortico-spongeous osteolysis contiguous to the lesion. Gram-positive bacteria were identified in our procedures in 52% of cases. Gram + Cocci, for example, Staphylococcus aureus (15.6%), β-hemolytic Streptococci (12.1%), Streptococcus viridans (7.1%), and Gram-negative bacteria, for example, Pseudomonas (10.6%), Proteus (7.8%), Enterobacter (5.7%) were present. Candida albicans was active in 2.8% of cases. The blood count showed no relevant differences. To date, cutaneous lesions have been cured in 6 of the 7 subjects treated (1 patient for more than 6 years) without any evidence of infection or recurrence. The results obtained on our subjects indicate that PRF membranes may be a therapeutic option in this problematic disease. In fact, this clinical approach may have the potential to promote the healing of diabetic skin lesions with osteomyelitis.

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of Collagen membrane and PRF membrane in a non invasive approach to root coverage using Pinhole Surgical Technique- A case report

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of Collagen membrane and PRF membrane in a non invasive approach to root coverage using Pinhole Surgical Technique- A case report

Is the use of platelet-rich fibrin effective in the healing, control of pain, and postoperative bleeding in the palatal area after free gingival graft harvesting? A systematic review of randomized clinical studies.

A systematic review (SR) was conducted to answer the following focused question based on PICO strategy: In patients who were submitted to harvesting palatal free gingival graft, could platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) application in comparison with another method improve the healing, pain, and control of postoperative bleeding in the palatal area in randomized clinical trials? A SR was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched, and hand searches were made, covering the period up to August 2020, for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting the effect of PRF membrane in postoperative palatal healing management compared with any other methods. The risk of bias (RoB) of the studies included was assessed by using the RoB 2 tool. The electronic search strategy identified 150 articles. After title screening and abstract reading, 141 studies were excluded, and 9 full-text publications were comprehensively evaluated. Finally, 8 articles were included in the systematic review. Six studies showed that the PRF membrane was effective in improving wound healing during the first 2 weeks. As regards patient-centered outcomes, five studies showed that PRF promoted less postoperative pain. Finally, five studies that evaluated bleeding showed that the PRF membrane improved control of postoperative bleeding. RoB was classified as low in 4 studies, 3 with some concerns, and only one study did not describe the outcome data, and as this was missing, it was not possible to verify the protocol of data analysis for this study; therefore, it was classified as having high RoB. Within the limitations of this study, the collective evidence emerging from this SR may support the use of PRF membrane in the palatal area after free gingival graft harvesting. The results of this review must be interpreted with caution, due to the low number of RCTs included and high degree of heterogeneity among the PRF protocols. Further well-designed RCTs with accurate protocol and standard PRF parameters are required in order to gain clear understanding of the influence of PRF on wound healing and patient-centered outcomes. The use of PRF membrane for the protection of the palatal donor site following free gingival graft harvesting procedures improves wound healing and patients' quality of life.

The Use of Autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane as a Second Layer in Snodgrass Repair of Distal Hypospadias

Background: Hypospadias is a common pediatric health problem. Snodgrass [Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty]surgical repair was adopted as the standard technique, although different techniques had been described. However, higher complication rate continues to be a problem. The aim of the work: To evaluate the use of platelet rich fibrin membrane as an intermediate layer in the Snodgrass repair of distal hypospadias. Patients and Methods: Thirty children were included. All were evaluated preoperatively by full history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Then all were treated by Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty with the use of platelet rich fibrin membrane as an intermediate layer. They then followed up and any early or late complications were registered. Results: Hypospadias was recurrent among 83.3%. Patient age ranged between one and six years and the mean operative time was 67±5.4 minutes; the mean hospital stay duration was 7.0±1.2 days. The success rate was 93.3% and complication rate was 6.7%. Complications were edema in 6.7%, urethro-cutaneous fistula [UCF] in 6.7% and skin infection among 3.3%. Conclusion: The use of a platelet rich fibrin membrane is a feasible and safe intermediate layer for hypospadias surgery in Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty. The procedure is quick and straightforward and has a low postoperative complication.

Connective Tissue Graft vs Platelet-rich Fibrin in the Treatment of Gingival Recessions: A Randomized Split-mouth Case Series

Coronally advanced flap (CAF) with connective tissue graft (CTG) has been considered the gold standard for obtaining complete root coverage. However, some limitations have been reported with the use of CTG, especially because it increases morbidity and leads to postoperative pain and bleeding. Recently, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been used in periodontal plastic surgery for the treatment of gingival recessions (GRs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of PRF combined with a CAF (test) compared to de-epithelialized connective tissue graft (DeCTG) + CAF (control) for GR coverage. Ten healthy patients exhibiting mandibular or maxillary Miller class I and II were treated with PRF + CAF or DeCTG + CAF. GR, probing depth (PD), and gingival thickness (GT) were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks, and 28 weeks postoperatively. GR, PD, and GT differences between the test and control groups at 28 weeks were not statistically significant. GR was 3.30 ± 1.25 mm and 3.00 ± 1.63 mm (control vs test) group (baseline) and -0.10 ± 0.32 vs -0.20 ± 0.42 mm (7 months), respectively. Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that localized gingival recessions could be successfully treated with CAF + PRF or CAF + DeCTG. This study suggests that PRF membrane may be an alternative and valid graft material for treating localized gingival recessions Miller class I and II.

THE EFFICACY OF RIDGE PRESERVATION ON MAXILLARY SINUS PNEOMATIZATION AND ALVEOLAR BONE RESOORPTION AFTER EXTRACTION OF POSTERIOR MAXILLARY TEETH

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To evaluate maxillary sinus and alveolar crest dimensional changes after posterior maxillary tooth extraction, using bovine bone graft (Bio-Oss®) and platelet-rich fibrin membrane for ridge preservation. Patients and methods: Twenty-four patients were selected from those attending outpatient clinics of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry for boys Al-Azhar University, presented with maxillary posterior molar indicated for extraction. All selected patients randomly allocated into two equal groups. group one is a Study group, extraction one of maxillary posterior teeth with application of Bio-Oss® and platelet-rich fibrin membrane for ridge preservation. Group two is a Control group, extraction one of maxillary posterior teeth without any grafting material. The measurements were performed includes: distance from the bone crest (BC) to the sinus floor (SF), distance from SF to the sinus roof (SR) to evaluate maxillary sinus and alveolar crest dimensional changes after posterior maxillary tooth extraction in both groups. Results: There was statistically significant decrease in alveolar ridge height (BC to SF) and significant increase is sinus vertical dimension (SF to SR) for both groups. while there is a significant increase of bone quantity in the study group than the control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that tooth extraction in the posterior maxilla may lead to sinus pneumatization and crestal bone loss, using Bio-Oss® and platelet-rich fibrin seemed to reduce sinus pneumatization along with minimizing crestal bone resorption. Key words: ridge preservation, sinus pneumatization, bone grafts.

Impact of g force and timing on the characteristics of platelet-rich fibrin matrices

Recently, new centrifugation protocols for the preparation of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have been introduced in an attempt to further improve the beneficial impact of these 2nd generation platelet concentrate membranes. This in-vitro study aimed to compare the biological and physical characteristics of three types of PRF membranes using two different centrifuges with adapted relative centrifugal forces (RCF): leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin, advanced platelet-rich fibrin, and advanced platelet-rich fibrin+. Release of growth factors, macroscopic dimensions, cellular content and mechanical properties of the respective membranes, prepared from blood of the same individual were explored. Furthermore, the impact of timing (blood draw-centrifugation and centrifugation-membrane preparation) was assessed morphologically as well as by electron microscopy scanning. No statistically significant differences amongst the three PRF modifications could be observed, neither in their release of growth factors or the cellular content, nor in clot/membrane dimensions. The difference between both centrifuges were negligible when the same g-force was used. A lower g-force, however, reduced membrane tensile strength. Timing in the preparation process had a significant impact. Adaptation of RCF only had a minimal impact on the final characteristics of PRF membranes.

Platelet-rich fibrin did not affect autologous bone graft in repairing alveolar clefts

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on bone regeneration in repairing alveolar clefts with autologous particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) from iliac crest. MethodsAlveolar cleft patients were randomly divided into the PRF group (mixing PCBM with liquid PRF and covering the graft with PRF membranes) or control group (PCBM only). After bone graft, the regenerated bone volume was assessed by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at 6 months, the bone density was evaluated by CBCT at 6 months and periapical radiographs at 1, 3, and 6 months. The position of the regenerated bone at 6-months was classified using the Chelsea scale. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze differences in bone volume and density between groups. ResultsFifteen alveolar cleft sites (13 patients, aged 8–14 years old) were analyzed. The PRF and control group consisted of 8 and 7 cleft sites, respectively. The regenerated bone volume and density were not significantly different between both groups. The Chelsea scale results were similar in both groups. All clefts healed uneventfully. ConclusionsPRF did not affect bone regeneration when repairing alveolar clefts with autologous PCBM.

Preparation and characterization of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin membrane derived from cats' blood.

Autologous platelet concentrates have been used in regenerative medicine in humans due to the abundance of growth factors, but there are only a few reports in small animals. This study aimed to prepare and characterize a leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin membrane (L-PRF) produced with blood obtained from cats. Thirteen client-owned healthy adult Maine Coon cats were enrolled. The blood samples were collected and centrifuged at 650g for 12 min using a centrifuge specifically designed for this application. The L-PRF clot was removed from the tube and red blood cell base layer was separated, leaving buffy coat intact. After this, L-PRF clot was compressed by specialized metal plate for 30-60 s, and L-PRF membrane was obtained. Light microscopy examination of the membranes showed three distinct layers: white part, buffy coat, and red part. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet derived growth factor. The scanning electron microscopy showed that three-dimensional architecture of fibrin network was more compact in the area near the buffy coat. In conclusion, the method used allowed the characterization of the L-PRF membrane composition, which presented cell types and fibrin network architecture similar to those described in the human species.

Evaluation of the Effect of Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane on the Neurosensory Function Following Inferior Alveolar Nerve Lateralization for Implant Placement

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PRF membrane on the neurosensory disturbance ofthe inferior alveolar nerve following IAN lateralization surgery for immediate implant placement.Methodology: The study was conducted on six patients underwent IAN lateralization surgery for immediateimplant placement and the nerve was surrounded by PRF membrane. The neurosensory disturbance wasevaluated using visual analogue scale preoperatively and postoperative at 1 week, 2 weeks,1 month,3 monthand 6 month.Results: At 1 week post-operative 100% of the patients had recorded complete absence of sensations in thelip and chin region. At 6 month post-operative (66.6%) of the patients has recorded score 4 and (33.3 %) ofthe patients have recorded score 5.The mean and median value significantly decreased at one week post-operatively, then gradually increased inthe subsequent observations. Friedman test revealed a significant difference between observations (p=0.00).Conclusions: The PRF membrane resulted in no immediate postoperative improvement of the neurosensorydisturbance of the inferior alveolar nerve following IAN lateralization surgery for immediate implantplacement and the nerve recovery followed the normal course.

Effectiveness of Autologous Tissue Grafts on Soft Tissue Ingrowth in Patients Following Partial Root Extraction with Socket Shield: A Retrospective Analysis of a Case Series.

There is little knowledge about healing patterns for the socket with an intentionally retained root fragment: a socket shield. The clinical observation is soft tissue ingrowth next to the socket shield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous grafting matrices in preventing soft tissue ingrowth. Patient data from a private clinic were searched for sockets with a socket shield left to heal with blood clot or grafted with autologous materials: autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), scraped particulate bone, cortical tuberosity bone plate, or particulate dentin and covered with PRF membranes. The included sites were exposed by the flap 4 months after the first surgery, and soft tissue ingrowth depth and width next to the root fragment were measured by a scaled probe and documented. Evaluation of 34 sites showed the greatest depth of soft tissue ingrowth in the nongrafted sockets (6.0 ± 0.0 mm). Grafting with PRF plugs (depth of 2.3 ± 0.2 mm) or particulate bone (depth of 2.7 ± 0.6 mm) decreased soft tissue ingrowth. Grafting with particulate dentin or cortical tuberosity bone plate resulted in a soft tissue ingrowth depth of only 1 mm, yielding the best clinical outcome. Radiography confirmed those findings. Autologous dentin particulate or tuberosity cortical bone plate is most effective for preventing soft tissue ingrowth.

A clinical and radiographic study of implants placed in autogenous bone grafts covered by either a platelet-rich fibrin membrane or deproteinised bovine bone mineral and a collagen membrane: a pilot randomised controlled clinical trial with a 2-year follow-up

PurposeTo compare the survival and clinical performance of implants placed in sites previously augmented with autogenous bone grafts covered by either a platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane (PRF group) or a standard procedure (gold standard) involving coverage of the autogenous bone graft with deproteinised bovine bone mineral and a resorbable collagen membrane (control group).MethodsA total of 27 partially edentulous patients (test n = 14, control n = 13) with indication for staged lateral bone block augmentation and dental implant placement were included. Twenty-four months after crown placement (range: 14–32 months), patients were recalled for a final clinical and radiographic follow-up. Outcome measures were implant survival, implant crown survival, clinical parameters of the implant, peri-implant marginal bone level, marginal bone level of adjacent tooth surfaces, biological and technical complications and patient-related outcome measures.ResultsTwo implants were lost in the control group (85% survival rate); none were lost in the PRF group (100% survival rate). None of the 26 initially placed implant crowns were lost, but one implant and therefore one implant crown were lost after 20 months. Consequently, the definitive implant crown survival was 92% (95% confidence interval (CI): 73–110%) in the control group and 100% in the PRF group. No statistical difference in implant survival rate (p = 0.13) or implant crown survival was seen between the groups (p = 0.28). The mean marginal bone level at the follow-up was 0.26 mm (95% CI: 0.01–0.50 mm) in the PRF group and 0.68 mm (95% CI: 0.41–0.96 mm) in the control group. The difference between the groups was − 0.43 mm (95% CI: − 0.80 to − 0.05 mm, p = 0.03), which was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Both groups demonstrated similar healthy peri-implant soft tissue values at the final follow-up.ConclusionAlthough the current study is based on a small sample of participants, the findings suggest that the methodology of the PRF and the control group approach can both be used for bone augmentation with a similar outcome. A significant, but clinically irrelevant, higher peri-implant marginal bone level was registered in the PRF group than in the control group. Patients in both groups were highly satisfied with the treatment.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04350749. Registered 17 April 2020. Retrospectively registered.

Effects of platelet‐rich fibrin on human gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblast proliferation from chronic periodontitis versus periodontally healthy subjects

BackgroundPlatelet‐rich fibrin (PRF), an autogenous blood concentrate, contains multiple growth factors and is used as an adjunct in the periodontal regeneration and implant site development procedures to stimulate wound healing. Patient‐related factors such as chronic periodontitis may affect the quality of PRF.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate and compare PRF's effects from patients diagnosed with generalized moderate or severe chronic periodontitis to patients who presented with intact periodontium on human gingival fibroblast (HGF) and human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPLF) proliferation.Materials and methodsA total of 33 ml of whole intravenous blood was collected from each subject and centrifuged at 2700 rpm for 12 min in three 10 ml tubes, and 3 ml of blood was used for Complete Blood Count analysis. Three PRF clots were compressed to produce the membranes and liquid exudate. PRF membrane and 10% liquid exudate were exposed to 20,000 HPLFs/well or 25,000 HGFs/well in triplets from each subject in a 48 cell well plate. After 72 h of incubation, the conditioned media were evaluated by Water Soluble Tetrazolium‐1 assays to determine fibroblast proliferation. Controls included cells alone and media without cells. Complete blood counts were measured.ResultsSubjects in both groups were age and gender‐matched (intact 46.7 ± 11.4 years and periodontitis 54.8 ± 10.4 years, p‐value = 0.1344). Body Mass Index and White Blood Corpuscles in the periodontitis group was significantly higher than the intact group (p = 0.0176 and p = 0.0038) whereas no differences were seen for Red Blood Corpuscles (p = 0.2020), Hemoglobin (p = 0.2290) and Platelets (p = 4,094). There were no significant differences in the HGF and HPLF proliferation with PRF exudates and membranes between intact periodontium and periodontitis groups (all p > 0.05). However, PRF exudates in both groups induced significant more cell proliferation when compared to PRF membranes.ConclusionsPRF exudates induced significant proliferation of fibroblasts and can play a vital role in wound healing. The current study concluded that PRF membranes, in combination with PRF exudates, can be utilized for their therapeutic and wound healing potential, not affected by the periodontal condition of the patient.

Patient-centered comparative outcome analysis of platelet-rich fibrin-reinforced vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access technique and Zucchelli's technique.

Background:Multiple gingival recession (MGR) coverage, especially in esthetic area, demands a high patient satisfaction. Coronally advanced flap modifications, namely Zucchelli's technique (ZT) and vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA), are techniques, recommended in the correction of MGR.Aim:The purpose was to comparatively analyze the ZT and VISTA technique reinforced with the platelet-rich fibrin membrane in the management of MGR.Materials and Methods:This split-mouth, randomized study comprised 16 consenting, systemically healthy participants. The bilateral Miller's multiple class I and II lesions were managed with ZT and VISTA technique and had a follow-up period of 18 months. Gingival thickness (GT), mean percentage of root coverage, and patient-centered outcome scales, including patient comfort score, patient esthetic score, and hypersensitivity score, were the primary outcome measures. Further clinical parameters assessed were gingival index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and width of keratinized gingiva.Statistical Analysis and Results:Paired t-test and unpaired t-test were used for intragroup comparison and intergroup analysis, respectively. While both the techniques exhibited high root coverage percentage (VISTA: 93.95% and ZT: 96.84%), statistically significant difference was noted with patient esthetic score and surgical mortality score in VISTA.Conclusion:Both ZT and VISTA were effective in terms of root coverage and GT augmentation in MGR management. From the patient's perspective, they preferred VISTA technique over ZT, stating its minimal postoperative morbidity and improved esthetic outcome. Hence, within the limitations of this study, the VISTA technique was found to be a superior alternative compared to that of ZT in MGR management.

EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF THE STORAGE TIME ON PLATELET CONCENTRATION IN PLATELET RICH FIBRIN- BIOCHEMICAL AND MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS

Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of storage time on platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and the stability of the fibrin clot over a period of time. Three blood samples were drawn from participants in sterile blood sampling tube. Two blood samples drawn in sterile glass tubes were centrifuged to form PRF. Third non-centrifuged sample drawn in EDTA-containing tube was used to measure baseline blood platelet concentration. After PRF had formed, it was removed from respective test tubes at different time intervals i.e. immediately after centrifugation- PRF A (Group A) and after 60 min of storage time in the blood collecting tube- PRF B (Group B). Residual blood from each group was tested for platelet concentration and compared with baseline reading. Similarly, PRF membranes were studied microscopically immediately after centrifugation and other after 60 minutes. Platelet concentration of PRF in blood and PRF membrane for both groups was calculated using the difference between baseline and residual platelet concentration- biochemically and microscopically. A paired t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.005).

Use of platelet-rich fibrin membrane with tricalcium silicate in interdisciplinary management of fractured fused anterior teeth with periapical pathology

Use of platelet-rich fibrin membrane with tricalcium silicate in interdisciplinary management of fractured fused anterior teeth with periapical pathology

Comparison of surface microtopography and mechanodegradation characteristics of platelet-rich fibrin membranes using two different centrifugation protocols

Aim: To compare the surface microtopography and in vitro mechanodegradation characteristics of two different platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) preparation protocols, that is, leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). Materials and Methods: For the present ex vivo study, blood samples were obtained from 20 healthy volunteers, who were divided into two groups: group I (L-PRF) and group II (A-PRF). For each experiment, five samples each were used for obtaining L-PRF and A-PRF membranes. Surface microtopography was demonstrated by using light microscopic studies and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Mechanical characteristics were evaluated by using Universal Testing Machine and nano Triboindentor. Membrane degradation properties were studied by using the Bradford method. The data were expressed in mean and standard deviation (SPSS 20.0 version, USA). Intergroup statistical significance was assessed by using an unpaired t-test and defined significant as P < 0.05. Results: Light microscopic examinations and SEM analysis have demonstrated that the L-PRF membrane contained thick densely arranged fibers than the A-PRF membrane. Mechanical characteristics have revealed that the tensile strength was higher, and the breaking strain was lower in the L-PRF membranes as compared with A-PRF membranes. The degradation profile demonstrated that the A-PRF membrane takes a prolonged time for degradation as compared with L-PRF. Conclusion: The present study justifies that differences in the centrifugation protocol have an influence on the surface microtopography and mechanodegradation characteristics of the PRF membrane.