Prevention Of Occupational Hazards Research Articles

Prevention of Occupational Hazards Due to Asbestos Exposure in Dentistry. A Proposal from a Panel of Experts.

Asbestos in all its forms is a Group 1 material agent with proven carcinogenic effects in the human being since 1977. Exposure to asbestos can be considered unsafe. The use of asbestos in the field of dentistry had a common use in the manufacture of dental prostheses in the 1960s and 1970s. Taking into account the long induction period of this agent and the plausibility for being a risk factor in dentistry, the objective of this study is to propose a plan for the prevention of occupational risks due to asbestos exposure in dentistry by means of the contribution of a panel of experts. An Expert Panel (EP) approach was used in which a group of nine experts identified and documented the use of asbestos in the dental profession. EP was created and followed the protocol in accordance with the EuropeAid Assessment Guidelines. As a result of this study, EP documented the common use and sources of asbestos in dentistry in prosthetic materials, dental dressings, and in the coating of casting cylinders. EP also created a consensus document on the priority measures for the Plan for the Prevention of Risks from Asbestos in Dentistry, based on previous reports from the European Commission Senior Labour Inspectors’ Committee. The document concluded that obtainment of information, receiving specific training on the subject and performing epidemiological studies, and the proper risk assessments were the priority measures to adopt.

Occupation-Related Biological Health Hazards and Infection Control Practices among Indian Veterinarians

Veterinarians experience different types of health hazards from their occupation. Studies on the prevalence and occurrence of biological health hazards in veterinary medicine in India are scant and probably underreported. Thus, we sought to assess the biological health hazards and infection control practices (ICPs) among veterinarians from the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra, India. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among veterinarians (n = 562) from Gujarat and Maharashtra states in India to identify biological health hazards and ICPs for the prevention of occupational health hazards during 2016–2017 by personally contacting them. Responses regarding a biological hazard and ICPs were recorded. Descriptive analysis was attempted, and continuous variables are presented as the mean ± SD. Categorical variables are reported as counts and percentages (%). Most of the veterinarians (49.3%) worked in the field and were continuously exposed to different types of biological health hazards, especially zoonoses, ranging from mild and self-limiting to fatal diseases (e.g., brucellosis (subclinical and clinical form) and rabies (fatal)) without common prophylactic vaccinations, such as rabies and tetanus. While inquiring medical health status of the veterinarians, only 35.8% of the total respondents underwent a routine medical health checkup within the past year, and 56.9% did not receive a routine dose of an anthelmintic for deworming. Forty-nine percent of the respondents took all necessary precautions, including wearing an apron, facemask, and gloves. In contrast, 10.2% of the respondents wore only an apron, and 8.4% of respondents did not take any precautions while performing their day-to-day work. In total, 40.2% of the respondents followed the proper method of handwashing, that is, washing hands between patient examinations. In contrast, 27.9% of the respondents washed their hands once after completing the work. The majority of the respondents (87.7%) reported an urgent need for occupational hazards and safety (OHS) training in continued veterinary education (CVE) programs. The present study demonstrates that veterinarians in the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra in India pay less attention to their own health that may increase the risk of occupation-related biological health hazards. These results suggest that safety and ICPs are not prioritized, which are serious concerns. These findings may be useful for developing policies to prevent occupationally related biological health hazards among veterinarians in India.

Study on the diffusion of hydrogen fluoride in an electrolytic fluoride plant based on CFD numerical simulation method

Objective: Using CFD technology to grasp the distribution and diffusion of hydrogen fluoride in an electrolytic fluorine plant, provide guidance and scientific basis for enterprises to carry out occupational health management in enterprises, install hazardous substance alarm devices, and protect workers' occupational health. Methods: In July 2019, the diffusion law of hydrogen fluoride gas produced in an electrolytic fluorine plant is selected as the research object. Through the establishment of models and grids, the Fluent numerical simulation method is finally used to simulate the diffusion and distribution of hydrogen fluoride gas under ventilation conditions. Results: The results showed that the average concentration of hydrogen fluoride was 0.045 mg/m(3) in the workplace, and the absorbed zone height (1.5 m) was 0.02 mg/m(3) in the inspection channel, which was in accordance with the national standard. However, there is eddy current above the electrolyzer near the inlet, may lead to the accumulation of hydrogen fluoride gas. Conclusion: The research of CFD numerical simulation method on the distribution and diffusion of hydrogen fluoride concentration in electrolytic fluorine plant can be applied to the prevention, control and management of occupational hazards in electrolytic fluorine plant.

A Study of Toxic Effects of Formalin on Health of First Year Medical and Dental Students

Introduction: Formalin is widely and commonly used as a fixative for microscopy, histology, preservative and disinfectant, etc. Despite formalin being extensively used in different fields, its toxicity is frequently ignored. It can be allergenic, carcinogenic or toxic to many organs such as pancreas, liver, kidney and brain. Aim: To study the toxic effects of formalin on health of first year medical and dental students. MaterialsandMethods:Thecross-sectionalstudywasconducted over a period of one year (February 2019 to January 2020) in the Department of Anatomy, SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Dhamangaon, Nashik, Maharashtra. This questionnaire based study was conducted on 200 first year medical and dental students. The percentage distribution of incidence of toxic effects of formalin pertaining to symptoms was calculated using Microsoft Excel 2019 spreadsheet software. The data were presented as frequency and percentage. Results: Out of 200 students, 180 students (85 females and 95 males) completed and returned the questionnaire. The toxic effects of formalin with symptoms such as lacrimation in 63.33%, itching of eyes in 81.67%, running nose in 51.11%, redness of eyes in 55%, burning of eyes in 80.5%, and headache in 42.22% of subjects were observed. The results were compared with previous studies conducted. Conclusion: Formalin toxicity is of concern to people working closely with it including embalmers, anatomists, medical and dental students. Awareness will bring a positive effect on their health. Also, through research, we will be able to contribute towards prevention of occupational hazards, rehabilitation of affected persons and dissemination of knowledge.

800. Needle Stick And Sharps Injuries Among Health Care Workers – The Experience of a Tertiary Hospital in Jamaica

BackgroundDespite advances in occupational safety protocols in healthcare facilities, needle stick and sharps injuries (NSSIs) continue to be a concerning occurrence among healthcare workers (HCWs). Such exposures lead to the risk of blood borne infections as well as emotional and financial consequences which may be difficult to measure. Few studies on NSSIs among Jamaican HCWs have been published in the last decade. We evaluated adherence to established NSSIs management protocols and investigated the demographic and work-related characteristics of HCWs sustaining NSSIs. The proportion of HCWs affected and frequency and direct costs associated with these injuries were estimated.MethodsThis retrospective case-series reviewed HCWs employed or contracted to an urban tertiary teaching hospital in Jamaica, who reported NSSIs in the emergency room during the period January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018. Archived incident reporting forms for these HCWs were reviewed. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 statistical software.Results57 cases of NSSIs were reported at an average rate of 1 per month and an annual incidence of 0.14 per 100 beds and 4.75 per 100 workers. 49 (86%) HCWs were female and 18 (14%) were male. 55% of HCWs were between the ages of 24-29 years old. Nurses (53%) and physicians (19%) made up most of the sample. 28 (58%) HCWs reported not wearing gloves during the incident. Improperly handling used sharps and re-capping needles were reported by 26 (46.5%) and 17 (30%) of HCWs respectively. HIV and viral Hepatitis screening of source patients were performed 85% and 55% of the time respectively. Only 25% of HCWs were prescribed HIV post exposure prophylaxis. Post-injury counselling occurred with 52 (91%) HCWs and follow up care arranged for 36% of cases. The mean direct cost associated with the initial management of the HCW was US &163.22 per NSSI.ConclusionThe frequency of reported NSSIs by HCWs is low but the burden of direct costs is high. There is inadequate adherence to NSSIs management protocols and accurate monitoring systems are lacking. We recommend the need for safer needle disposal methods and devices, routine auditing of sharps practices and training in occupational hazard prevention and management. This may improve occupational risk perception among HCWs and workplace safety. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

PREVALENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AMONG MENTAL HEALTH NURSES IN FEDERAL NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL (FNPH), CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE

This study was conducted to assess prevalence of occupational hazards and illnesses among mental health Nurses in Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, Cross River State. Three research questions were raised and one hypothesis formulated to direct the course of the study. The study adopted cross-sectional descriptive survey design to study 87 mental health nurses who were selected from the Hospital using stratified random sampling technique. Instrument for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire designed in consonance with the study’s objectives. The validity of the instrument was ensured and high reliability coefficient was obtained for the respective variables of the study. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics while hypothesis was tested using Chi-square statistics significant at 0.05. Findings of the study revealed that excessive workload, assaults and violence were the major hazards nurses were exposed to, while occupational illnesses including body pains, stress/psychosocial problems, and back pain were reported among the nurses. Nurses were found to exhibit good practice of prevention of occupational hazard, and there was a statistically significant relationship between years of work experience and practice of prevention of occupational hazard among Nurses in the Hospital. Prominent factors found associated with occupational hazard were; insufficient safety gadgets and equipment in the Hospital, long working hours, lack of adequate safety training, excessive workload, and inadequate staff strength in the Hospital. Based on these findings, it was recommended that government should embark on recruitment of more Nurses to reduce work load and enhance compliance to infection control practices in the Hospital.

Adoption of Safety Practices against Occupational Hazards among Building Construction Workers for Sustainable Development in Edo State, Nigeria

This study analyzed the safety practices followed by building construction workers against occupational hazards to sustainable development in Edo State, Nigeria, using a descriptive research survey design. The analysis was motivated by three research questions and three null hypotheses. The study population consisted of 5,305 construction workers from 23 construction sites in the Oredo local government area of Edo State, Nigeria. The sample size of 530 respondents was selected for the analysis using a systematic random sampling technique that applied the Taro Yamane formula in drawing the sample size. The instrument used to collect data was a 10-item questionnaire built from the literature examined. The instrument has been tested by five experts. Spearman Brown rank correlation coefficient was used to determine the internal accuracy of the instrument and a correlation coefficient of.81 was obtained. In answering the research questions, the multiple regression statistics and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to investigate the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The results of the study found, among other things, that there exist low use of safety practices among construction workers in the Oredo local government area of Edo State; a significant relationship exists between the use of safety practices and years of experience; a significant relationship exists between the use of safety practices and the level of education among construction workers. Based on the results of this report, it was suggested, among other things, that the management team of the various construction sites should demonstrate a greater commitment to the provision and compliance of safety equipment among workers to ensure optimal prevention of occupational hazards that will ensure sustainable growth.

Occupational Health Hazards among Workers in Ceramic Factories

Background: Ceramic industry had a variety of biological, chemical, physical, an ergonomic andpsychological hazard that cause dangers to workers during work. The aim of the study was to assessthe occupational health hazards among workers in Ceramic Factories. Research Design: A descriptiveresearch design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: This study was conducted at CeramicFactory at Queisna City, Menoufia Governorate. This is the only Factory found in MenoufiaGovernorate. The Sample: Systematic random sample was used in this study for worker in CeramicFactory. The study sample constituted 150 workers from the total 1400 workers in the Factory. Tools:Two tools were used I): An interviewing questionnaire which consisted of three parts to assessworkers’ socio demographic characteristics, work experience, health problem of workers andknowledge about occupational health hazards and II): Observational checklist which consisted of twoparts to assess and observe the characteristics of the work environment safety and sanitation condition,and the workers' practices regarding prevention of occupational health hazards. Results: The age of40.7% of studied workers was 30 years and more with mean age 32.54 ± 8.47 years. As past medicalhistory, 53.3% of them had allergic rhinitis and sinusitis and 74.7% of them had chronic cough aspresent medical history. In addition, 19.3%of them had good total knowledge scores related tooccupational health hazards, 82.7% of studied workers had satisfactory practices regarding preventionof occupational health hazard. Conclusion: Less than three quarters of studied workers had averagetotal knowledge and the majority had satisfactory practices regarding prevention of occupational healthhazard. There was no statistically significant relation between the studied ceramic workers’ totalknowledge and their total practices regarding occupational health hazards. Recommendations:Develop and implement training program for ceramic workers to improve their knowledge andpractices toward occupational health hazards.

Level of Awareness and Prevention of Occupational Hazards Among Health Care Workers in Ringroad State Hospital Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Level of Awareness and Prevention of Occupational Hazards Among Health Care Workers in Ringroad State Hospital Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Prevention of Occupational Hazards Among Sanitary Workers: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Survey in Bulehora, West Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.

IntroductionThe production of waste is due to the result of commercial activities, consumption, and utilization of products or materials. It is further believed that mainly solid waste includes non-harmful waste which may be from households, mainly kitchens, and even from organizations and institutions, shops and various types of markets, and manufacturing industries. Solid waste handling, management, and accurate and appropriate disposal is a hot topic relating to public and environmental health concerns.MethodsA cross-sectional quantitative study design was incorporated to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice and associated factors regarding prevention of occupational risks and health hazards among sanitary workers in Bulehora University, a government organization in West Guji Zone, Ethiopia. One hundred and ninety-one solid waste handlers found to be working in this institution were included in the study.ResultsThe response rate of samples in the present study was found to be 94.4%, of which the majority were females, which accounted for 79.7%. The median age of the study samples was 29 years. It was found that 64% of study samples stated good knowledge of the prevention of occupational health risks. About 76.4% of solid waste collectors had a good attitude and only 8.9% showed good practice regarding prevention of occupational health hazards. Job dissatisfaction was found to be a statistically significant factor along with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in implementing good practice work patterns among sanitation workers, even though they had been provided with basic personal protective equipment.ConclusionThe study concluded that there is a need for development of plans on implementation of basic occupational health services while enforcing the provision of personal protective equipment and supervising solid waste collectors.

Formaldehyde and xylene levels and protective effects in the pathology department of a hospital

Objective: To investigate the status of exposure to xylene and Formaldehyde of medical and technical personnel in Pathology Department of a hospital, and to provide references for prevention of occupational hazards. Methods: From July to October in 2019, 52 medical workers and working places in Pathology Department of a third-class hospital in Jiangxi Province were selected as survey objects, the distribution of occupational hazards, protective measures and personal protective equipment were investigated, and the control wind speed of Formaldehyde, xylene and ventilation facilities were detected and analyzed statistically. Results: It showed that the detection rate of xylene and formaldehyde was 82.1% (23/28) , and the detection rate of xylene C(STEL) in the two sampling posts was 14.3% (2/14) , the local suction device on each side and the control wind speed of the fume hood do not meet the national standards. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of the occupational hazards in the Department of Pathology to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases.

Gestión del talento humano: Diagnóstico y sintomatología de trastornos musculoesqueléticos evidenciados a través del Cuestionario Nórdico de Kuorinka

La presente investigación es un estudio descriptivo no experimental de corte transversal, cuyo propósito es evidenciar el diagnóstico y sintomatología de posibles trastornos musculoesqueléticos de trabajadores administrativos a través de la utilización del Cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado de Síntomas Musculoesqueléticos de Kuorinka, en sus actividades laborales. El objetivo del presente estudio es contribuir a la concienciación de las empresas en materia de gestión del talento humano en la línea de prevención de riesgos laborales, diagnosticando sintomatologías de posibles enfermedades ocupacionales desde la percepción del trabajador a través de herramientas validadas se puede prevenir las mismas de tal forma que en las organizaciones podamos tener trabajadores sanos y productivos que cumplan los objetivos organizacionales, además de evitarse costos por incumplimiento de gestión de seguridad y salud ocupacional, y obviamente evitar problemas sociales de personal enfermo o con posibles discapacidades. La población que se evidencia en la presente investigación es de doscientas sesenta y ocho personas (N=268) que realizan labores administrativas pertenecientes a diez empresas ecuatorianas. Los resultados reflejan cierta similitud de percepción en los géneros masculino (n1=104) y femenino (n2=164) que sobrepasan el 75% de las muestras analizadas, siendo los más relevantes mano muñeca derecha e izquierda, columna lumbar y cuello. Estos datos obtenidos son el reflejo de la percepción ante posibles trastornos musculoesqueléticos y especialmente en el rango de edad entre 35 a 44 años, ante lo cual los responsables de talento humano y seguridad y salud ocupacional disponen de una información basal para poder plantearse medidas de prevención y control ergonómicos en puestos administrativos.

Occupational hazards and its relation with health-seeking and practicing behaviors among sanitary workers in Southern, Ethiopia

BackgroundIndustrial and institutional activity, usage, and utilization of items or substances all contribute to waste creation. Solid waste is also thought to contain non-harmful trash from households, particularly whilecooking, organizations, institutions, stores, other business segments, and manufacturing industries. In terms of international and environmental standard protocol, solid waste handling, sewage disposal, and correct disposal have been a major topic of discussion. Methods and MaterialsA cross-sectional quantitative study design was incorporated to assess knowledge, attitudes, practice, and associated factors on the prevention of occupational risks and health hazards among sanitary workers. 321 solidwaste handlers found to be engaged in Bule Hora, Town presently. ResultsThe response rate of samples in the present study was found to be around 91.2% of which the majority were females, those accounted to be about 80%. The median age of the study samples was nearly 30 years. It was found that nearly three fourth of the study samples stated good knowledge on the prevention of occupational health risks. Most of the study participants had a good attitude and less the 10% showed good practice on the prevention of occupational health hazards. Job dissatisfaction was found to be a statistically significant factor along with the use of PPE’s in implementing good practices and work patterns among sanitary workers even afterbeen provided with basic personal protective equipment. ConclusionThe research showed that preparations for implementing fundamental occupational health services, including mandating the use of personal protective equipment and regulating solid waste collectors, should be adopted.

Analysis of the influencing factors of serum bilirubin in workers exposed to occupational hazards factors in a urban area

Objective: To investigate the effect of exposure to occupational hazard factors on serum bilirubin in workers. Methods: In April 2019, using cluster sampling method 5 433 workers exposed to occupational hazard factors from July 2017 to March 2019 were screened out by questionnaire and laboratory test, the date of serum bilirubin were used by the logistic regression analysis of single factor card test and wilcoxon band symbol rank and test. Results: The bilirubin decreases with age, is higher in male than in female, the han is higher than the uygur, and the unmarried workers is higher than the married one, there was significant difference in the levels of bilirubin between different genders, ages, ethnic groups and marriages (P<0.01) . There were statistically significant differences in bilirubin among the occupational hazard factors (P<0.01) , the bilirubin level is highest in the exposure to physical factors, followed by chemical factors and dust. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the dust was the main factor affecting bilirubin (OR(dusr/TBIL)=2.080, 95%CI: 1.542~2.807, P<0.01) . Abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alanine aminotransferase (AST) are consistent with elevated bilirubin. Conclusion: Exposure to occupational hazard factors may lead to elevated serum bilirubin and abnormal liver function transaminase, the prevention and control of occupational hazards and cccupational health monitoring should be strengthened.

La relevancia jurídica del derecho a la salud en el trabajo en el sistema normativo de prevención de riesgos laborales: función garantista y mecanismos de protección

Este artículo aborda la problemática de la configuración jurídica del derecho a la salud en el trabajo desde la perspectiva de su conexión consustancial con el sistema normativo de prevención de riesgos laborales. Concretamente, se analizan de forma crítica los distintos presupuestos normativos que caracterizan el derecho a la salud en el trabajo y que se deben interpretar dentro de un bloque especializado de nuestro ordenamiento jurídico. En este sector normativo concurren distintas reglas especiales, que se despliegan en un marco legal complejo, presidido por un importante desarrollo normativo. Este estudio pretende realizar una reflexión sobre los principales problemas aplicativos del derecho a la salud en el trabajo desde una perspectiva doctrinal y jurisprudencial. La finalidad del estudio es clarificar algunas situaciones conflictivas presentes en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, cuyo tratamiento condiciona la protección jurídica del derecho a la salud en el trabajo.

Using the experience of industrilized countries for reference to promote the prevention and control of occupational stress from research to practice

Occupational stress is one of the major occupational health problems in industrialized countries. In Europe, the United States, Japan, and other countries, occupational stress has been included in the prevention and control of occupational hazards in the workplace. This problem has also become a major risk factor affecting the physical and mental health of the working population in China. Over the last three decades, China had carried out a lot of research on occupational stress and made significant progress, but there is still a big gap between China and industrialized countries in terms of theoretical research on occupational stress, development of measurement tools, research topics and methods, formulation of regulations and standards, and practice of prevention and control. Articles in this key issue report the research on the core scale of occupational stress measurement for the Chinese working population, the scale scoring norm of manufacturing and medical personnel, the research on the relationship between positive psychology variables, and occupational stress and its role in the relationship between occupational stress and health outcomes.

Analysis of challenges for automobile service garages in India: a structural modeling approach

PurposeThe increase in automobile usage across the world has fortified the opportunities of maintenance service garages. However, there are significant numbers of challenges in front of maintenance service providers at all stages of the business. This paper identifies, analyzes and prioritizes various challenges associated with the establishment and survival of garages specific to Indian context.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, challenges for automotive service garage are identified through expert opinion, garage survey and literature. A structural hierarchical framework of the identified challenges is established through structural models, including interpretive structural modeling and analytic hierarchy process.FindingsThis paper has identified nine challenges, namely proliferation of new models and variants; technological advancements in automobile systems; demand of better service quality; space and ambience requirements; labor requirements; requirement of modern support equipments, tools and spares; safety requirements and prevention of occupational hazards; environmental norms and concerns; proper documentation requirements. The drivers and dependent variables have been identified. A hierarchical framework of challenges has been established.Practical implicationsThis paper provides a comprehensive list of challenges and their priority in establishing an automobile maintenance garage business in Indian context. This will help the budding entrepreneurs and existing maintenance organizations to focus on the challenges that necessitate immediate attention and corrective actions.Originality/valueThis paper provides a significant contribution in the literature of garage maintenance services, which is established on the viewpoint of different collaborators associated with this business. This study will be a foundation to investigate further in this domain.

Evaluation of Infection Control Measures of Iraqi Dentists in Dental Practices

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of Iraqidentists in Al-Najaf City regarding infection control measures.Materials and Method: A questionnaire was designed to obtain information about procedures used forthe prevention of cross infection in dental practices. The study population included all dentists in Al-NajafCity, Iraq, in September 2019 (n=500) to whom the questionnaires were distributed. The questionnairewas designed to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and practice of infectioncontrol procedures, cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment,immunization, prevention and handling of occupational hazards, and antisepsis.Results: From the 500 dentists to whom the questionnaires were submitted, 372 participated in the study(overall response rate 74.4%). Half of the dentists (50%) expressed concern about risks of infectiontransmitted in dental practices. The rate of vaccination against hepatitis B was good among dentists (76%).Iraqi practitioners widely apply certain basic infection control measures, such as hand washing (85%) andwearing gloves (90%) and face masks (84%), but poorly address other important issues, such as examiningmedical history records (65%), wearing protective eye wear (41%) and disposable gowns for surgery (30%),and using rubber dam (18%), preoperative mouth rinses (25%) and puncture-resistant containers (34%).Conclusions: The knowledge, attitude, and behavior of Iraqi dentists about infection control measures arerelatively weak. Improved compliance with recommended infection control measures is required for alldentists. Continuing education programs and short courses/workshops about cross infection and infectioncontrol measures are important to improve the knowledge, awareness, attitude, and behavior of Iraqi dentists.

Prevención de riesgos laborales en las obras públicas en Ecuador.

Las sociedades deben asegurarse de crear las condiciones necesarias para que las personas accedan a empleos de calidad, impulsando una economía y una sociedad más sostenible, lo que conlleva un análisis de la legislación de la prevención de riesgos laborales en la construcción de las obras públicas en Ecuador. Se realiza una investigación documental en busca de una guía teórica y experiencias de otros investigadores, con el objetivo principal de analizar varios sistemas de gestión de prevención de riesgos laborales y proponer mejoras al modelo de gestión utilizado en las obras públicas de construcción en el Ecuador.

Comprehensive Evaluation System of Occupational Hazard Prevention and Control in Iron and Steel Enterprises Based on A Modified Delphi Technique.

The study designs a comprehensive evaluation system for the prevention and control of occupational hazards, calculates its weight coefficient, and provides a potential strategic and effective tool for the scientific evaluation of occupational hazards in the iron and steel enterprises. The system was established through induction and analysis of relevant literature, personal interview, theoretical analysis, Delphi expert consultation, and special group discussions. Using an improved analytical hierarchy process fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and on the basis of the improved Delphi expert investigation, the weight of the operability comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed. A three-level index system is established on the basis of harmful factors of occupational activities, health status of employees, protection facilities of occupational hazards, occupational health management, and so on. The index system structure is 4-20-95, and the weight coefficients of the four dimensions are 0.2516, 0.2428, 0.2550, and 0.2506. The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 82.5%, 100.0%, and 100.0%. The effective rates were 75.0%, 100.0%, and 100.0%. Conversely, the expert authority coefficients of the four dimensions are 0.875, 0.769, 0.832 and 0.800. Results show that the consistency factors of the four dimensions are statistically significant. Cronbach’s α coefficient, standardized Cronbach’s α coefficient, and split-half reliability of the comprehensive evaluation index system are 0.959, 0.950, and 0.810, respectively. After factor analysis, four common factors were extracted on the basis of expert opinions, and the cumulative variance was 63.1%. The comprehensive evaluation system for the prevention and control of occupational hazards in the iron and steel enterprises proposed by the study is relatively complete and reasonable.