Abstract
The study designs a comprehensive evaluation system for the prevention and control of occupational hazards, calculates its weight coefficient, and provides a potential strategic and effective tool for the scientific evaluation of occupational hazards in the iron and steel enterprises. The system was established through induction and analysis of relevant literature, personal interview, theoretical analysis, Delphi expert consultation, and special group discussions. Using an improved analytical hierarchy process fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and on the basis of the improved Delphi expert investigation, the weight of the operability comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed. A three-level index system is established on the basis of harmful factors of occupational activities, health status of employees, protection facilities of occupational hazards, occupational health management, and so on. The index system structure is 4-20-95, and the weight coefficients of the four dimensions are 0.2516, 0.2428, 0.2550, and 0.2506. The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 82.5%, 100.0%, and 100.0%. The effective rates were 75.0%, 100.0%, and 100.0%. Conversely, the expert authority coefficients of the four dimensions are 0.875, 0.769, 0.832 and 0.800. Results show that the consistency factors of the four dimensions are statistically significant. Cronbach’s α coefficient, standardized Cronbach’s α coefficient, and split-half reliability of the comprehensive evaluation index system are 0.959, 0.950, and 0.810, respectively. After factor analysis, four common factors were extracted on the basis of expert opinions, and the cumulative variance was 63.1%. The comprehensive evaluation system for the prevention and control of occupational hazards in the iron and steel enterprises proposed by the study is relatively complete and reasonable.
Highlights
The iron and steel industry is a relatively important basic industry for national economies worldwide, such as China, Japan, India, America, and Russia
The selection of consultation experts plays a pivotal role when using the Delphi method to construct the index system [22], we took the occurrence of unresponsiveness and withdraw into account, as well multi-disciplinary specialty across related disciplines
We invited 40 experts who are professionals engaged in the field from colleges and universities, heads, and managers of occupational health hazards from iron and steel enterprises, scholars from centers for disease control and prevention, and researchers from occupational hazard detection companies, to carry out consultation
Summary
The iron and steel industry is a relatively important basic industry for national economies worldwide, such as China, Japan, India, America, and Russia. Out of these countries, it is not the least prominent for China [1], and relevant data have showed that the Chinese output of crude steel reached 808 million tons in 2016, which accounted for 49.6% of the worldwide production [2]. China has nearly 1000 large and medium-sized iron and steel plants, in which a large number of labor employees are assiduously occupied with contributing to the booming and flourishing. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 667; doi:10.3390/ijerph17020667 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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